xref: /freebsd/contrib/tzdata/northamerica (revision 46226b0162ba03986b1de2c790804b37dd8e64d6)
1# tzdb data for North and Central America and environs
2
3# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
4# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
5
6# also includes Central America and the Caribbean
7
8# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
9# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
10# tz@iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see
11# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
12
13# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
14# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
15# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
16
17###############################################################################
18
19# United States
20
21# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
22# Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
23# Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
24# Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
25# His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
26# was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
27# in New York City (1869-10).  His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
28# but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
29
30# From Paul Eggert (2024-11-18):
31# Dowd's proposal left many details unresolved, such as where to draw
32# lines between time zones.  Sandford Fleming of the Canadian Pacific Railway
33# argued for Dowd's proposal in 1876, and Cleveland Abbe of the American
34# Meteorology Society published a report in 1879 recommending four US time
35# zones based on GMT.  However, the key individual who made time zones
36# work in the US was William Frederick Allen - railway engineer,
37# managing editor of the Travelers' Guide, and secretary of the
38# General Time Convention, a railway standardization group.  Allen
39# spent months in dialogs with scientific and railway leaders,
40# developed a workable plan to institute time zones, and presented it
41# to the General Time Convention on 1883-04-11, saying that his plan
42# meant "local time would be practically abolished" - a plus for
43# railway scheduling.  By the next convention on 1883-10-11 nearly all
44# railroads had agreed and it took effect on 1883-11-18.  That Sunday
45# was called the "day of two noons", as some locations observed noon
46# twice.  Allen witnessed the transition in New York City, writing:
47#
48#   I heard the bells of St. Paul's strike on the old time.  Four
49#   minutes later, obedient to the electrical signal from the Naval
50#   Observatory ... the time-ball made its rapid descent, the chimes
51#   of old Trinity rang twelve measured strokes, and local time was
52#   abandoned, probably forever.
53#
54# Most of the US soon followed suit.  See:
55# Bartky IR. The adoption of standard time. Technol Cult 1989 Jan;30(1):25-56.
56# https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105430
57
58# From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
59# That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
60# See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
61
62# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
63# A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
64# Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
65# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
66# Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
67# It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
68
69# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
70# Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
71# in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
72# of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
73# Not everyone is happy with the results:
74#
75#	I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
76#	agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
77#	daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
78#	I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
79#	valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen.  As an admirer
80#	of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
81#	reduce my time for enjoying it.  At the back of the Daylight Saving
82#	scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
83#	to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
84#	them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
85#
86#	 -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
87#	   Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
88#
89# For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
90# Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
91# (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927).
92# https://web.archive.org/web/20160517155308/http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html
93#
94# Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
95# However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
96# was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
97# time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
98
99# From Paul Eggert (2019-06-04):
100# Here is the legal basis for the US federal rules.
101# * Public Law 65-106 (1918-03-19) implemented standard and daylight saving
102#   time for the first time across the US, springing forward on March's last
103#   Sunday and falling back on October's last Sunday.
104#   https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/65th-congress/session-2/c65s2ch24.pdf
105# * Public Law 66-40 (1919-08-20) repealed DST on October 1919's last Sunday.
106#   https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/66th-congress/session-1/c66s1ch51.pdf
107# * Public Law 77-403 (1942-01-20) started wartime DST on 1942-02-09.
108#   https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/77th-congress/session-2/c77s2ch7.pdf
109# * Public Law 79-187 (1945-09-25) ended wartime DST on 1945-09-30.
110#   https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/79th-congress/session-1/c79s1ch388.pdf
111# * Public Law 89-387 (1966-04-13) reinstituted a national standard for DST,
112#   from April's last Sunday to October's last Sunday, effective 1967.
113#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-80/pdf/STATUTE-80-Pg107.pdf
114# * Public Law 93-182 (1973-12-15) moved the 1974 spring-forward to 01-06.
115#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-87/pdf/STATUTE-87-Pg707.pdf
116# * Public Law 93-434 (1974-10-05) moved the 1975 spring-forward to
117#   February's last Sunday.
118#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-88/pdf/STATUTE-88-Pg1209.pdf
119# * Public Law 99-359 (1986-07-08) moved the spring-forward to April's first
120#   Sunday.
121#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-100/pdf/STATUTE-100-Pg764.pdf
122# * Public Law 109-58 (2005-08-08), effective 2007, moved the spring-forward
123#   to March's second Sunday and the fall-back to November's first Sunday.
124#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-109publ58/pdf/PLAW-109publ58.pdf
125# All transitions are at 02:00 local time.
126
127# From Arthur David Olson:
128# Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
129# Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
130
131# From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
132# Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
133# In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
134# An AltaVista search turned up:
135# https://web.archive.org/web/20000926032210/http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html
136# "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
137# Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.'  Peace is wonderful."
138# (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
139#
140# From Paul Eggert (2017-09-23):
141# This was the V-J Day issue of the Clamdigger, a Rowayton, CT newsletter.
142
143# From Joseph Gallant citing
144# George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
145# At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
146# to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
147# never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
148# CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
149# but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
150# of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
151# London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
152
153# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout.  From
154# Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
155#
156# ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
157# Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
158# wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
159# Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
160# typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
161# importance."
162#
163# On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
164# microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
165# before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
166# The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
167#
168# He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
169
170# From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
171# Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
172# that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
173# U.S. government action.  So even though the "US" rules have changed
174# in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
175
176# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
177Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
178Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
179Rule	US	1942	only	-	Feb	9	2:00	1:00	W # War
180Rule	US	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
181Rule	US	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
182Rule	US	1967	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
183Rule	US	1967	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
184Rule	US	1974	only	-	Jan	6	2:00	1:00	D
185Rule	US	1975	only	-	Feb	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
186Rule	US	1976	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
187Rule	US	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
188Rule	US	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
189Rule	US	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
190
191# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
192# USA  EASTERN       5 H  BEHIND UTC    NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
193# USA  EASTERN       4 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
194# USA  CENTRAL       6 H  BEHIND UTC    CHICAGO, HOUSTON
195# USA  CENTRAL       5 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
196# USA  MOUNTAIN      7 H  BEHIND UTC    DENVER
197# USA  MOUNTAIN      6 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
198# USA  PACIFIC       8 H  BEHIND UTC    L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
199# USA  PACIFIC       7 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
200# USA  ALASKA STD    9 H  BEHIND UTC    MOST OF ALASKA     (AKST)
201# USA  ALASKA STD    8 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
202# USA  ALEUTIAN     10 H  BEHIND UTC    ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
203# USA    "           9 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
204# USA  HAWAII       10 H  BEHIND UTC
205# USA  BERING       11 H  BEHIND UTC    SAMOA, MIDWAY
206
207# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
208# The above dates are for 1988.
209# Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
210# no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
211# Aleutians.
212
213# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
214# Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
215# Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward.  First, names
216# up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
217# took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
218#	(none)
219#	United States standard eastern time
220#	United States standard mountain time
221#	United States standard central time
222#	United States standard Pacific time
223#	(none)
224#	United States standard Alaska time
225#	(none)
226# Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
227# public law 98-181):
228#	Atlantic standard time
229#	eastern standard time
230#	central standard time
231#	mountain standard time
232#	Pacific standard time
233#	Yukon standard time
234#	Alaska-Hawaii standard time
235#	Bering standard time
236# And after 1983-11-30:
237#	Atlantic standard time
238#	eastern standard time
239#	central standard time
240#	mountain standard time
241#	Pacific standard time
242#	Alaska standard time
243#	Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
244#	Samoa standard time
245# The law doesn't give abbreviations.
246#
247# From Paul Eggert (2016-12-19):
248# Here are URLs for the 1918 and 1966 legislation:
249# http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=40&page=451
250# http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=80&page=108
251# Although the 1918 names were officially "United States Standard
252# Eastern Time" and similarly for "Central", "Mountain", "Pacific",
253# and "Alaska", in practice "Standard" was placed just before "Time",
254# as codified in 1966.  In practice, Alaska time was abbreviated "AST"
255# before 1968.  Summarizing the 1967 name changes:
256#	1918 names			1967 names
257#  -08	Standard Pacific Time (PST)	Pacific standard time (PST)
258#  -09	(unofficial) Yukon (YST)	Yukon standard time (YST)
259#  -10	Standard Alaska Time (AST)	Alaska-Hawaii standard time (AHST)
260#  -11	(unofficial) Nome (NST)		Bering standard time (BST)
261#
262# From Paul Eggert (2023-01-23), from a 2001-01-08 heads-up from Rives McDow:
263# Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced "Chamorro standard time"
264# for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.  See the file "australasia".
265# Also see 15 U.S.C. §263 <https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/263>.
266#
267# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-17):
268# HST and HDT are standardized abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian
269# standard and daylight times.  See section 9.47 (p 234) of the
270# U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual (2008)
271# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf
272
273# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
274# The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
275#
276# H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
277#   (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
278#   U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
279#     (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second
280#     Sunday of March"; and
281#     (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first
282#     Sunday of November'.
283#   (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
284#   date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
285#   (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective
286#   date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
287#   on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
288#   States.
289#   (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the
290#   Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
291#   Department study is complete.
292
293# US eastern time, represented by New York
294
295# Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
296# Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
297# (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
298# New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
299# Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
300# Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
301
302# From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
303# Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
304# Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
305# One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
306# and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
307# reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
308
309# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
310# According to today's Huntsville Times
311# http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1
312# a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
313# in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
314# set their watches and clocks on Eastern time."  It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
315# Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
316# time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
317# in Columbus."
318#
319# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22):
320# Four cities are involved.  The two not mentioned above are Smiths Station
321# and Valley.  Barbara Brooks, Valley's assistant treasurer, heard it started
322# because West Point Pepperell textile mills were in Alabama while the
323# corporate office was in Georgia, and residents voted to keep Eastern
324# time even after the mills closed.  See: Kazek K. Did you know which
325# Alabama towns are in a different time zone?  al.com 2017-02-06.
326# http://www.al.com/living/index.ssf/2017/02/do_you_know_which_alabama_town.html
327
328# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
329# Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
330# says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of
331# Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch.
332
333# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
334Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
335Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
336Rule	NYC	1921	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
337Rule	NYC	1921	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
338Rule	NYC	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
339# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
340		#STDOFF	-4:56:01.6
341Zone America/New_York	-4:56:02 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 17:00u
342			-5:00	US	E%sT	1920
343			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1942
344			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946
345			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1967
346			-5:00	US	E%sT
347
348# US central time, represented by Chicago
349
350# Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
351# Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
352# Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
353# (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
354# Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
355# Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
356# Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
357# western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
358
359# From Paul Eggert (2018-01-07):
360# In 1869 the Chicago Astronomical Society contracted with the city to keep
361# time.  Though delayed by the Great Fire, by 1880 a wire ran from the
362# Dearborn Observatory (on the University of Chicago campus) to City Hall,
363# which then sent signals to police and fire stations.  However, railroads got
364# their time signals from the Allegheny Observatory, the Madison Observatory,
365# the Ann Arbor Observatory, etc., so their clocks did not agree with each
366# other or with the city's official time.  The confusion took some years to
367# clear up.  See:
368# Moser M. How Chicago gave America its time zones. Chicago. 2018-01-04.
369# http://www.chicagomag.com/city-life/January-2018/How-Chicago-Gave-America-Its-Time-Zones/
370
371# From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
372# https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/175.pdf
373# is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change.  Because the local
374# "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
375# are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
376# hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
377#
378# From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
379# Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
380# Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
381# https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2007/related/acts/3
382
383# From an email administrator of the City of Fort Pierre, SD (2015-12-21):
384# Fort Pierre is technically located in the Mountain time zone as is
385# the rest of Stanley County.  Most of Stanley County and Fort Pierre
386# uses the Central time zone due to doing most of their business in
387# Pierre so it simplifies schedules.  I have lived in Stanley County
388# all my life and it has been that way since I can remember.  (43 years!)
389#
390# From Paul Eggert (2015-12-25):
391# Assume this practice predates 1970, so Fort Pierre can use America/Chicago.
392
393# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-06):
394# In 1950s Nashville a public clock had dueling faces, one for conservatives
395# and the other for liberals; the two sides didn't agree about the time of day.
396# I haven't found a photo of this clock, nor have I tracked down the TIME
397# magazine report cited below, but here's the story as told by the late
398# American journalist John Seigenthaler, who was there:
399#
400# "The two [newspaper] owners held strongly contrasting political and
401# ideological views.  Evans was a New South liberal, Stahlman an Old South
402# conservative, and their two papers frequently clashed editorially, often on
403# the same day....  In the 1950s as the state legislature was grappling with
404# the question of whether to approve daylight saving time for the entire state,
405# TIME magazine reported:
406#
407# "'The Nashville Banner and The Nashville Tennessean rarely agree on anything
408# but the time of day - and last week they couldn't agree on that.'
409#
410# "It was all too true. The clock on the front of the building had two faces -
411# The Tennessean side of the building facing west, the other, east.  When it
412# was high noon Banner time, it was 11 a.m. Tennessean time."
413#
414# Seigenthaler J. For 100 years, Tennessean had it covered.
415# The Tennessean 2007-05-11, republished 2015-04-06.
416# https://www.tennessean.com/story/insider/extras/2015/04/06/archives-seigenthaler-for-100-years-the-tennessean-had-it-covered/25348545/
417
418# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
419Rule	Chicago	1920	only	-	Jun	13	2:00	1:00	D
420Rule	Chicago	1920	1921	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
421Rule	Chicago	1921	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
422Rule	Chicago	1922	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
423Rule	Chicago	1922	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
424Rule	Chicago	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
425# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
426Zone America/Chicago	-5:50:36 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
427			-6:00	US	C%sT	1920
428			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1936 Mar  1  2:00
429			-5:00	-	EST	1936 Nov 15  2:00
430			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1942
431			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
432			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1967
433			-6:00	US	C%sT
434# Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
435Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 19:00u
436			-7:00	US	M%sT	1992 Oct 25  2:00
437			-6:00	US	C%sT
438# Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
439# 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
440# See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
441# Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
442# Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
443# but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
444# See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
445Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 19:00u
446			-7:00	US	M%sT	2003 Oct 26  2:00
447			-6:00	US	C%sT
448
449# From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
450# ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
451# mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
452# daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
453# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
454# http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
455
456# From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
457# ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
458# it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
459# largest city in Mercer County).  Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
460# at 47° 15' 51" N, 101° 46' 40" W, which yields an offset of 6h47'07".
461
462Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 19:00u
463			-7:00	US	M%sT	2010 Nov  7  2:00
464			-6:00	US	C%sT
465
466# US mountain time, represented by Denver
467#
468# Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
469# Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
470# New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
471# western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
472# and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
473#
474# From Paul Eggert (2018-10-25):
475# On 1921-03-04 federal law placed all of Texas into the central time zone.
476# However, El Paso ignored the law for decades and continued to observe
477# mountain time, on the grounds that that's what they had always done
478# and they weren't about to let the federal government tell them what to do.
479# Eventually the federal government gave in and changed the law on
480# 1970-04-10 to match what El Paso was actually doing.  Although
481# that's slightly after our 1970 cutoff, there is no need to create a
482# separate zone for El Paso since they were ignoring the law anyway.  See:
483# Long T. El Pasoans were time rebels, fought to stay in Mountain zone.
484# El Paso Times. 2018-10-24 06:40 -06.
485# https://www.elpasotimes.com/story/news/local/el-paso/2018/10/24/el-pasoans-were-time-rebels-fought-stay-mountain-zone/1744509002/
486#
487# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
488Rule	Denver	1920	1921	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
489Rule	Denver	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
490Rule	Denver	1921	only	-	May	22	2:00	0	S
491Rule	Denver	1965	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
492Rule	Denver	1965	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
493# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
494Zone America/Denver	-6:59:56 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 19:00u
495			-7:00	US	M%sT	1920
496			-7:00	Denver	M%sT	1942
497			-7:00	US	M%sT	1946
498			-7:00	Denver	M%sT	1967
499			-7:00	US	M%sT
500
501# US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
502#
503# California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
504# Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county
505# north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),
506# Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern ¾ of
507# Malheur county), and Washington
508
509# From Paul Eggert (2016-08-20):
510# In early February 1948, in response to California's electricity shortage,
511# PG&E changed power frequency from 60 to 59.5 Hz during daylight hours,
512# causing electric clocks to lose six minutes per day.  (This did not change
513# legal time, and is not part of the data here.)  See:
514# Ross SA. An energy crisis from the past: Northern California in 1948.
515# Working Paper No. 8, Institute of Governmental Studies, UC Berkeley,
516# 1973-11.  https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8x22k30c
517#
518# In another measure to save electricity, DST was instituted from 1948-03-14
519# at 02:01 to 1949-01-16 at 02:00, with the governor having the option to move
520# the fallback transition earlier.  See pages 3-4 of:
521# http://clerk.assembly.ca.gov/sites/clerk.assembly.ca.gov/files/archive/Statutes/1948/48Vol1_Chapters.pdf
522#
523# In response:
524#
525#   Governor Warren received a torrent of objecting mail, and it is not too much
526#   to speculate that the objections to Daylight Saving Time were one important
527#   factor in the defeat of the Dewey-Warren Presidential ticket in California.
528#     -- Ross, p 25
529#
530# On December 8 the governor exercised the option, setting the date to January 1
531# (LA Times 1948-12-09).  The transition time was 02:00 (LA Times 1949-01-01).
532#
533# Despite the controversy, in 1949 California voters approved Proposition 12,
534# which established DST from April's last Sunday at 01:00 until September's
535# last Sunday at 02:00. This was amended by 1962's Proposition 6, which changed
536# the fall-back date to October's last Sunday. See:
537# https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1501&context=ca_ballot_props
538# https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1636&context=ca_ballot_props
539#
540# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
541Rule	CA	1948	only	-	Mar	14	2:01	1:00	D
542Rule	CA	1949	only	-	Jan	 1	2:00	0	S
543Rule	CA	1950	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	1:00	1:00	D
544Rule	CA	1950	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
545Rule	CA	1962	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
546# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
547Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 20:00u
548			-8:00	US	P%sT	1946
549			-8:00	CA	P%sT	1967
550			-8:00	US	P%sT
551
552# Alaska
553# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -09 per USNO.
554#
555# From Paul Eggert (2017-06-15):
556# Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
557# and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
558# On Friday, 1867-10-18 (Gregorian), at precisely 15:30 local time, the
559# Russian forts and fleet at Sitka fired salutes to mark the ceremony of
560# formal transfer.  See the Sacramento Daily Union (1867-11-14), p 3, col 2.
561# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18671114.2.12.1
562# Sitka workers did not change their calendars until Sunday, 1867-10-20,
563# and so celebrated two Sundays that week.  See: Ahllund T (tr Hallamaa P).
564# From the memoirs of a Finnish workman. Alaska History. 2006 Fall;21(2):1-25.
565# http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Ahllund-2006-Memoirs-of-a-Finnish-Workman.pdf
566# Include only the time zone part of this transition, ignoring the switch
567# from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent the Julian calendar.
568#
569# As far as we know, of the locations mentioned below only Sitka was
570# permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
571# (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement was
572# destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.)  Many of Alaska's inhabitants
573# were unaware of the US acquisition of Alaska, much less of any calendar or
574# time change.  However, the Russian-influenced part of Alaska did observe
575# Russian time, and it is more accurate to model this than to ignore it.
576# The database format requires an exact transition time; use the Russian
577# salute as a somewhat-arbitrary time for the formal transfer of control for
578# all of Alaska.  Sitka's UTC offset is -9:01:13; adjust its 15:30 to the
579# local times of other Alaskan locations so that they change simultaneously.
580
581# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):
582# One opinion of the early 1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and
583# daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall:
584# "Welcome to Juneau.  Please turn your watch back to the 19th century."
585# See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01.
586# http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html
587#
588# Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source:
589# Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response.
590# Alaska History 2001;16(1-2).
591# http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/
592
593# From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):
594# Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:
595#
596# On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,
597# 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.
598# Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on
599# Pacific Time.
600#
601# ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the
602# Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in
603# northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.
604#
605# On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted
606# unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.
607#
608# According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not
609# bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.
610#
611# (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo
612# Nation.)
613
614# From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):
615# I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian
616# Community office (using contact information available at
617# http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla
618# It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;
619# the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether
620# that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their
621# own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I
622# did not inquire about practices in the past.
623
624# From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):
625# For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's
626# abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.
627
628# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-11-09):
629# It seems Metlakatla did go off PST on Sunday, November 1, changing
630# their time to AKST and are going to follow Alaska's DST, switching
631# between AKST and AKDT from now on....
632# https://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/
633
634# From Ryan Stanley (2018-11-06):
635# The Metlakatla community in Alaska has decided not to change its
636# clock back an hour starting on November 4th, 2018 (day before yesterday).
637# They will be gmtoff=-28800 year-round.
638# https://www.facebook.com/141055983004923/photos/pb.141055983004923.-2207520000.1541465673./569081370202380/
639
640# From Paul Eggert (2018-12-16):
641# In a 2018-12-11 special election, Metlakatla voted to go back to
642# Alaska time (including daylight saving time) starting next year.
643# https://www.krbd.org/2018/12/12/metlakatla-to-follow-alaska-standard-time-allow-liquor-sales/
644#
645# From Ryan Stanley (2019-01-11):
646# The community will be changing back on the 20th of this month...
647# From Tim Parenti (2019-01-11):
648# Per an announcement on the Metlakatla community's official Facebook page, the
649# "fall back" will be on Sunday 2019-01-20 at 02:00:
650# https://www.facebook.com/141055983004923/photos/607150969728753/
651# So they won't be waiting for Alaska to join them on 2019-03-10, but will
652# rather change their clocks twice in seven weeks.
653
654# From Paul Eggert (2023-01-23):
655# America/Adak is for the Aleutian Islands that are part of Alaska
656# and are west of 169.5° W.
657
658# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
659Zone America/Juneau	 15:02:19 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:33:32
660			 -8:57:41 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
661			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
662			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
663			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
664			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1980 Apr 27  2:00
665			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1980 Oct 26  2:00
666			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
667			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
668			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
669Zone America/Sitka	 14:58:47 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:30
670			 -9:01:13 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
671			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
672			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
673			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
674			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
675			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
676			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
677Zone America/Metlakatla	 15:13:42 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:44:55
678			 -8:46:18 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
679			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
680			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
681			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
682			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
683			 -8:00	-	PST	2015 Nov  1  2:00
684			 -9:00	US	AK%sT	2018 Nov  4  2:00
685			 -8:00	-	PST	2019 Jan 20  2:00
686			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
687Zone America/Yakutat	 14:41:05 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:12:18
688			 -9:18:55 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
689			 -9:00	-	YST	1942
690			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1946
691			 -9:00	-	YST	1969
692			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
693			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
694Zone America/Anchorage	 14:00:24 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 14:31:37
695			 -9:59:36 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
696			-10:00	-	AST	1942
697			-10:00	US	A%sT	1967 Apr
698			-10:00	-	AHST	1969
699			-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
700			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
701			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
702Zone America/Nome	 12:58:22 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 13:29:35
703			-11:01:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
704			-11:00	-	NST	1942
705			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946
706			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr
707			-11:00	-	BST	1969
708			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
709			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
710			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
711Zone America/Adak	 12:13:22 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 12:44:35
712			-11:46:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
713			-11:00	-	NST	1942
714			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946
715			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr
716			-11:00	-	BST	1969
717			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
718			-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Nov 30
719			-10:00	US	H%sT
720# The following switches don't make our 1970 cutoff.
721#
722# Kiska observed Tokyo date and time during Japanese occupation from
723# 1942-06-06 to 1943-07-29, and similarly for Attu from 1942-06-07 to
724# 1943-05-29 (all dates American).  Both islands are now uninhabited.
725#
726# Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
727# switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
728# and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
729#
730# From David Flater (2004-11-09):
731# In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
732# Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
733# suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
734# possibly until 1983:
735#
736#  Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
737#  "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
738#  location not on Alaska Standard Time.  The following resolution was
739#  made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
740#  resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
741#  Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
742#  January 14, Alaska Standard Time.)  This resolution was passed with
743#  three votes for and one against."
744
745# Hawaii
746
747# From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
748# "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
749# of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
750# the article is available at
751# https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
752# and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
753# 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
754# saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
755# last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
756# act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
757# from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
758# when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
759# effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
760# day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
761# cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
762# and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
763
764# From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
765# The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
766# Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
767# 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
768# 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
769# year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
770# hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
771# day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
772# Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
773# hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
774# which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
775# that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
776# Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
777# of the Territory of Hawaii."
778#
779# Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
780# We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
781
782# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
783Zone Pacific/Honolulu	-10:31:26 -	LMT	1896 Jan 13 12:00
784			-10:30	-	HST	1933 Apr 30  2:00
785			-10:30	1:00	HDT	1933 May 21 12:00
786			-10:30	US	H%sT	1947 Jun  8  2:00
787			-10:00	-	HST
788
789# Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
790
791# Arizona mostly uses MST.
792
793# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
794#
795# The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
796# Daylight Saving Time web page
797# <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23)
798# maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
799# Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
800# time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
801# personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
802# observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time.  The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
803# Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
804# the date the state's clocks would change.  In 1945 the State of
805# Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
806# mandated by federal law.  Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
807# Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
808#
809# Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
810# Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
811
812# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
813Zone America/Phoenix	-7:28:18 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 19:00u
814			-7:00	US	M%sT	1944 Jan  1  0:01
815			-7:00	-	MST	1944 Apr  1  0:01
816			-7:00	US	M%sT	1944 Oct  1  0:01
817			-7:00	-	MST	1967
818			-7:00	US	M%sT	1968 Mar 21
819			-7:00	-	MST
820
821# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
822# A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
823# notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
824# Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
825# large size and location in three states."  (The "only" means that other
826# tribal nations don't use DST.)
827#
828# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
829# See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.
830
831# Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
832# Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
833# Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
834# Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
835# Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
836# quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
837# switched four weeks late in 1974.
838#
839# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
840Zone America/Boise	-7:44:49 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 20:00u
841			-8:00	US	P%sT	1923 May 13  2:00
842			-7:00	US	M%sT	1974
843			-7:00	-	MST	1974 Feb  3  2:00
844			-7:00	US	M%sT
845
846# Indiana
847#
848# For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
849# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana
850#
851# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-30):
852# A brief but entertaining history of time in Indiana describes a 1949 debate
853# in the Indiana House where city legislators (who favored "fast time")
854# tussled with farm legislators (who didn't) over a bill to outlaw DST:
855#  "Lacking enough votes, the city faction tries to filibuster until time runs
856#   out on the session at midnight, but rural champion Rep. Herbert Copeland,
857#   R-Madison, leans over the gallery railing and forces the official clock
858#   back to 9 p.m., breaking it in the process.  The clock sticks on 9 as the
859#   debate rages on into the night.  The filibuster finally dies out and the
860#   bill passes, while outside the chamber, clocks read 3:30 a.m.  In the end,
861#   it doesn't matter which side won.  The law has no enforcement powers and
862#   is simply ignored by fast-time communities."
863# How Indiana went from 'God's time' to split zones and daylight-saving.
864# Indianapolis Star. 2018-11-27 14:58 -05.
865# https://www.indystar.com/story/news/politics/2018/11/27/indianapolis-indiana-time-zone-history-central-eastern-daylight-savings-time/2126300002/
866#
867# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
868# Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
869# with the following exceptions:
870#
871# - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
872#   Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
873#
874# - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
875#
876# - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
877#   America/Kentucky/Louisville.
878#
879# - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
880#   and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
881#
882# Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
883# and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
884# Those Hoosiers!  Such a flighty and changeable people!
885# Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
886#
887# Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
888# that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
889# So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.
890
891# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26):
892# https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana
893# says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
894# Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
895# Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
896# this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
897# changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
898# Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their
899# clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error.  The intent
900# was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
901
902# From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
903# The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
904# going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
905# http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
906
907# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
908Rule Indianapolis 1941	only	-	Jun	22	2:00	1:00	D
909Rule Indianapolis 1941	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
910Rule Indianapolis 1946	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
911# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
912Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 18:00u
913			-6:00	US	C%sT	1920
914			-6:00 Indianapolis C%sT	1942
915			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
916			-6:00 Indianapolis C%sT	1955 Apr 24  2:00
917			-5:00	-	EST	1957 Sep 29  2:00
918			-6:00	-	CST	1958 Apr 27  2:00
919			-5:00	-	EST	1969
920			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
921			-5:00	-	EST	2006
922			-5:00	US	E%sT
923#
924# Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
925# as well as from 1976 through 2005.
926# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
927Rule	Marengo	1951	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
928Rule	Marengo	1951	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
929Rule	Marengo	1954	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
930Rule	Marengo	1954	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
931# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
932Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
933			-6:00	US	C%sT	1951
934			-6:00	Marengo	C%sT	1961 Apr 30  2:00
935			-5:00	-	EST	1969
936			-5:00	US	E%sT	1974 Jan  6  2:00
937			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1974 Oct 27  2:00
938			-5:00	US	E%sT	1976
939			-5:00	-	EST	2006
940			-5:00	US	E%sT
941#
942# Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
943# switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
944# in November 2007.
945# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
946Rule Vincennes	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
947Rule Vincennes	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
948Rule Vincennes	1953	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
949Rule Vincennes	1953	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
950Rule Vincennes	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
951Rule Vincennes	1956	1963	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
952Rule Vincennes	1960	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
953Rule Vincennes	1961	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
954Rule Vincennes	1962	1963	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
955# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
956Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
957			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
958			-6:00 Vincennes	C%sT	1964 Apr 26  2:00
959			-5:00	-	EST	1969
960			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
961			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
962			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Nov  4  2:00
963			-5:00	US	E%sT
964#
965# Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
966# From Alois Treindl (2019-07-09):
967# The Indianapolis News, Friday 27 October 1967 states that Perry County
968# returned to CST.  It went again to EST on 27 April 1969, as documented by the
969# Indianapolis star of Saturday 26 April.
970# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
971Rule Perry	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
972Rule Perry	1955	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
973Rule Perry	1956	1963	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
974Rule Perry	1961	1963	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
975# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
976Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
977			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
978			-6:00 Perry	C%sT	1964 Apr 26  2:00
979			-5:00	-	EST	1967 Oct 29  2:00
980			-6:00	US	C%sT	1969 Apr 27  2:00
981			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
982			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
983			-6:00	US	C%sT
984#
985# Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
986# then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
987# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
988Rule	Pike	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
989Rule	Pike	1955	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
990Rule	Pike	1956	1964	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
991Rule	Pike	1961	1964	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
992# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
993Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
994			-6:00	US	C%sT	1955
995			-6:00	Pike	C%sT	1965 Apr 25  2:00
996			-5:00	-	EST	1966 Oct 30  2:00
997			-6:00	US	C%sT	1977 Oct 30  2:00
998			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
999			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Nov  4  2:00
1000			-5:00	US	E%sT
1001#
1002# Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
1003# then switched back in 2006.
1004# From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
1005# An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
1006# notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
1007# 1991-10-27.
1008# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1009Rule	Starke	1947	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1010Rule	Starke	1947	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1011Rule	Starke	1955	1956	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1012Rule	Starke	1957	1958	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1013Rule	Starke	1959	1961	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1014# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1015Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
1016			-6:00	US	C%sT	1947
1017			-6:00	Starke	C%sT	1962 Apr 29  2:00
1018			-5:00	-	EST	1963 Oct 27  2:00
1019			-6:00	US	C%sT	1991 Oct 27  2:00
1020			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
1021			-6:00	US	C%sT
1022#
1023# Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
1024# April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
1025# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1026Rule	Pulaski	1946	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1027Rule	Pulaski	1946	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1028Rule	Pulaski	1955	1956	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1029Rule	Pulaski	1957	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1030# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1031Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
1032			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
1033			-6:00	Pulaski	C%sT	1961 Apr 30  2:00
1034			-5:00	-	EST	1969
1035			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
1036			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
1037			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Mar 11  2:00
1038			-5:00	US	E%sT
1039#
1040# Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
1041# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1042Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
1043			-6:00	US	C%sT	1954 Apr 25  2:00
1044			-5:00	-	EST	1969
1045			-5:00	US	E%sT	1973
1046			-5:00	-	EST	2006
1047			-5:00	US	E%sT
1048
1049# From Paul Eggert (2018-03-20):
1050# The Louisville & Nashville Railroad's 1883-11-18 change occurred at
1051# 10:00 old local time; train were supposed to come to a standstill
1052# for precisely 18 minutes.  See Bartky Fig. 1 (page 50).  It is not
1053# clear how this matched civil time in Louisville, so for now continue
1054# to assume Louisville switched at noon new local time, like New York.
1055#
1056# From Michael Deckers (2019-08-06):
1057# From the contemporary source given by Alois Treindl,
1058# the switch in Louisville on 1946-04-28 was on 00:01
1059# From Paul Eggert (2019-08-26):
1060# That source was the Louisville Courier-Journal, 1946-04-27, p 4.
1061# Shanks gives 02:00 for all 20th-century transition times in Louisville.
1062# Evidently this is wrong for spring 1946.  Although also likely wrong
1063# for other dates, we have no data.
1064#
1065# Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
1066# This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
1067# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1068Rule Louisville	1921	only	-	May	1	2:00	1:00	D
1069Rule Louisville	1921	only	-	Sep	1	2:00	0	S
1070Rule Louisville	1941	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1071Rule Louisville	1941	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1072Rule Louisville	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	0:01	1:00	D
1073Rule Louisville	1946	only	-	Jun	2	2:00	0	S
1074Rule Louisville	1950	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1075Rule Louisville	1950	1955	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1076Rule Louisville	1956	1961	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1077# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1078Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
1079			-6:00	US	C%sT	1921
1080			-6:00 Louisville C%sT	1942
1081			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
1082			-6:00 Louisville C%sT	1961 Jul 23  2:00
1083			-5:00	-	EST	1968
1084			-5:00	US	E%sT	1974 Jan  6  2:00
1085			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1974 Oct 27  2:00
1086			-5:00	US	E%sT
1087#
1088# Wayne County, Kentucky
1089#
1090# From Lake Cumberland LIFE
1091# http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml
1092# (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
1093# Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
1094# the Central to the Eastern time zone....  The Wayne County government made
1095# the same request in December.  And while Russell County officials have not
1096# taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
1097# August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
1098# The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
1099# location in the Central time zone.
1100#
1101# From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
1102# After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
1103# Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
1104# (-0500) time.  They won't "fall back" this year.  See Sara Shipley,
1105# The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
1106#
1107# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
1108# The final rule was published in the
1109# Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.
1110# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2000-08-17/html/00-20854.htm
1111#
1112Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 18:00u
1113			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
1114			-6:00	-	CST	1968
1115			-6:00	US	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
1116			-5:00	US	E%sT
1117
1118
1119# From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
1120# Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
1121# Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
1122#	previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
1123# Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
1124# Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
1125# West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
1126# Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
1127#
1128# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
1129# We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
1130# so omit that change for now.
1131# See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
1132# See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
1133# West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
1134# 1999-10-31.  See the
1135# Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.
1136# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1999-10-21/html/99-27240.htm
1137# However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
1138# on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
1139# hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
1140
1141# Michigan
1142#
1143# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
1144# Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
1145#
1146# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
1147# Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
1148# but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
1149# that Detroit kept
1150#
1151#	local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
1152#	be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time.  Half the
1153#	city obeyed, half refused.  After considerable debate, the decision
1154#	was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time.  A derisive offer to
1155#	erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
1156#	Committee on Sewers.  Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
1157#	by city vote.
1158#
1159# This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
1160#
1161# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
1162# Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
1163# one hour in 1914."  This change is not in Shanks.  We have no more
1164# info, so omit this for now.
1165#
1166# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-06):
1167# Due to a complicated set of legal maneuvers, in 1967 Michigan did
1168# not start daylight saving time when the rest of the US did.
1169# Instead, it began DST on Jun 14 at 00:01.  This was big news:
1170# the Detroit Free Press reported it at the top of Page 1 on
1171# 1967-06-14, in an article "State Adjusting to Switch to Fast Time"
1172# by Gary Blonston, above an article about Thurgood Marshall's
1173# confirmation to the US Supreme Court.  Although Shanks says Detroit
1174# observed DST until 1967-10-29 00:01, that time of day seems to be
1175# incorrect, as the Free Press later said DST ended in Michigan at the
1176# same time as the rest of the US.  Also, although Shanks reports no DST in
1177# Detroit in 1968, it did observe DST that year; in the November 1968
1178# election Michigan voters narrowly repealed DST, effective 1969.
1179#
1180# Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
1181# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1182Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1183Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1184# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1185Zone America/Detroit	-5:32:11 -	LMT	1905
1186			-6:00	-	CST	1915 May 15  2:00
1187			-5:00	-	EST	1942
1188			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946
1189			-5:00	Detroit	E%sT	1967 Jun 14  0:01
1190			-5:00	US	E%sT	1969
1191			-5:00	-	EST	1973
1192			-5:00	US	E%sT	1975
1193			-5:00	-	EST	1975 Apr 27  2:00
1194			-5:00	US	E%sT
1195#
1196# Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
1197# switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
1198# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1199Rule Menominee	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1200Rule Menominee	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1201Rule Menominee	1966	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1202Rule Menominee	1966	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1203# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1204Zone America/Menominee	-5:50:27 -	LMT	1885 Sep 18 12:00
1205			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
1206			-6:00 Menominee	C%sT	1969 Apr 27  2:00
1207			-5:00	-	EST	1973 Apr 29  2:00
1208			-6:00	US	C%sT
1209
1210# Navassa
1211# administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
1212# claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
1213# also claimed by Haiti
1214# occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
1215# US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
1216# currently uninhabited
1217# see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
1218# _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
1219# Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
1220
1221################################################################################
1222
1223
1224# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):
1225#
1226# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
1227# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
1228# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
1229# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
1230#
1231# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
1232# for time zone data was the International Air Transport
1233# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
1234# published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
1235# of the IATA's data after 1990.  Except where otherwise noted,
1236# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
1237#
1238# Other sources occasionally used include:
1239#
1240#	Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
1241#	<https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
1242#
1243#	Pearce C. The Great Daylight Saving Time Controversy.
1244#	Australian Ebook Publisher. 2017. ISBN 978-1-925516-96-8.
1245#
1246#	Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
1247#	Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
1248#	which I found in the UCLA library.
1249#
1250#	William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
1251#	<http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
1252#	[PDF] (1914-03)
1253#
1254# For the 1911/1912 establishment of standard time in French possessions, see:
1255# Société Française de Physique, Recueil de constantes physiques (1913),
1256# page 752, 18b.
1257#
1258# See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
1259
1260# Canada
1261
1262# From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14):
1263# I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
1264# for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
1265#
1266#	UTC	Standard time	Daylight saving time
1267#	offset	French	English	French	English
1268#	-2:30	-	-	HAT	NDT
1269#	-3	-	-	HAA	ADT
1270#	-3:30	HNT	NST	-	-
1271#	-4	HNA	AST	HAE	EDT
1272#	-5	HNE	EST	HAC	CDT
1273#	-6	HNC	CST	HAR	MDT
1274#	-7	HNR	MST	HAP	PDT
1275#	-8	HNP	PST	HAY	YDT
1276#	-9	HNY	YST	-	-
1277#
1278#	HN: Heure Normale	ST: Standard Time
1279#	HA: Heure Avancée	DT: Daylight saving Time
1280#
1281#	A: de l'Atlantique	Atlantic
1282#	C: du Centre		Central
1283#	E: de l'Est		Eastern
1284#	M:			Mountain
1285#	N:			Newfoundland
1286#	P: du Pacifique		Pacific
1287#	R: des Rocheuses
1288#	T: de Terre-Neuve
1289#	Y: du Yukon		Yukon
1290#
1291# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
1292# Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
1293
1294# Unless otherwise specified, the data entries for Canada are all from Shanks
1295# & Pottenger.
1296
1297# From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1298# 2007-03-01):
1299# The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1300# adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1301# U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1302# https://archive.news.gov.bc.ca/releases/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1303# ...
1304# Nova Scotia
1305# Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1306# https://www.novascotia.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1307#
1308# [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1309# be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1310# https://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1311# ...
1312# Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1313# As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1314# https://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1315# ...
1316# [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1317# http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1318# http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1319# http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1320# ...
1321# P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1322# http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1323# ...
1324# Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1325# http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1326# ...
1327# Yukon
1328# https://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1329# ...
1330# N.W.T. will follow US rules.  Whoever maintains the government web site
1331# does not seem to believe in bookmarks.  To see the news release, click the
1332# following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change".  Press the
1333# "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1334# JavaScript.
1335# http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1336# ...
1337# Nunavut
1338# An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1339# http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1340
1341# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-18):
1342# H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1343# "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1344# https://web.archive.org/web/19990827055050/https://canadiangeographic.ca/SO98/geomap.htm
1345# contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1346# time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1347#
1348# National Research Council Canada maintains info about time zones and DST.
1349# https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html
1350# https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5
1351# Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1352
1353# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1354# For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1355# new US DST rules,
1356
1357# From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)
1358# In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles
1359# http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1360# she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.
1361# The quote includes these two statements:
1362# 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'
1363# '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'
1364# These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time
1365# that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918.  This transition was
1366# also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.
1367
1368# In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed
1369# Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day
1370# than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.
1371
1372# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1373Rule	Canada	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1374Rule	Canada	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1375Rule	Canada	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1376Rule	Canada	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1377Rule	Canada	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
1378Rule	Canada	1974	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1379Rule	Canada	1974	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1380Rule	Canada	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
1381Rule	Canada	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1382Rule	Canada	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
1383
1384
1385# Newfoundland and Labrador
1386
1387# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-14):
1388# Legally Labrador should observe Newfoundland time; see:
1389# McLeod J. Labrador time - legal or not? St. John's Telegram, 2017-10-07
1390# http://www.thetelegram.com/news/local/labrador-time--legal-or-not-154860/
1391# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that the only part of Labrador
1392# that follows the rules is the southeast corner, including Port Hope
1393# Simpson and Mary's Harbour, but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1394
1395# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1396Rule	StJohns	1917	only	-	Apr	 8	2:00	1:00	D
1397Rule	StJohns	1917	only	-	Sep	17	2:00	0	S
1398# Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1399Rule	StJohns	1919	only	-	May	 5	23:00	1:00	D
1400Rule	StJohns	1919	only	-	Aug	12	23:00	0	S
1401# For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1402Rule	StJohns	1920	1935	-	May	Sun>=1	23:00	1:00	D
1403Rule	StJohns	1920	1935	-	Oct	lastSun	23:00	0	S
1404# For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1405# Pottenger.
1406Rule	StJohns	1936	1941	-	May	Mon>=9	0:00	1:00	D
1407Rule	StJohns	1936	1941	-	Oct	Mon>=2	0:00	0	S
1408# Whitman gives the following transitions:
1409# 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1410# but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1411# For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1412# Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1413Rule	StJohns	1946	1950	-	May	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1414Rule	StJohns	1946	1950	-	Oct	Sun>=2	2:00	0	S
1415Rule	StJohns	1951	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1416Rule	StJohns	1951	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1417Rule	StJohns	1960	1986	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1418# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1419# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1420# at 00:01 local time.  For now, assume it started in 1987.
1421
1422# From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):
1423# We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the
1424# changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.
1425# The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings
1426# Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time
1427# now occurs at 2:00AM.
1428# ...
1429# http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm
1430# ...
1431# MICHAEL PELLEY  |  Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery
1432# Office of the Chief Information Officer
1433# Executive Council
1434# Government of Newfoundland & Labrador
1435
1436Rule	StJohns	1987	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
1437Rule	StJohns	1987	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:01	0	S
1438Rule	StJohns	1988	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	2:00	DD
1439Rule	StJohns	1989	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
1440Rule	StJohns	2007	2011	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:01	1:00	D
1441Rule	StJohns	2007	2010	-	Nov	Sun>=1	0:01	0	S
1442#
1443# St John's has an apostrophe, but POSIX file names can't have apostrophes.
1444# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1445Zone America/St_Johns	-3:30:52 -	LMT	1884
1446			-3:30:52 StJohns N%sT	1918
1447			-3:30:52 Canada	N%sT	1919
1448			-3:30:52 StJohns N%sT	1935 Mar 30
1449			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1942 May 11
1450			-3:30	Canada	N%sT	1946
1451			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	2011 Nov
1452			-3:30	Canada	N%sT
1453
1454# most of east Labrador
1455
1456# The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
1457# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1458Zone America/Goose_Bay	-4:01:40 -	LMT	1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1459			-3:30:52 -	NST	1918
1460			-3:30:52 Canada N%sT	1919
1461			-3:30:52 -	NST	1935 Mar 30
1462			-3:30	-	NST	1936
1463			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1942 May 11
1464			-3:30	Canada	N%sT	1946
1465			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1966 Mar 15  2:00
1466			-4:00	StJohns	A%sT	2011 Nov
1467			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1468
1469
1470# west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I,
1471# Îles-de-la-Madeleine, Listuguj reserve
1472
1473# From Brian Inglis (2015-07-20):
1474# From the historical weather station records available at:
1475# https://weatherspark.com/history/28351/1971/Sydney-Nova-Scotia-Canada
1476# Sydney shares the same time history as Glace Bay, so was
1477# likely to be the same across the island....
1478# Sydney, as the capital and most populous location, or Cape Breton, would
1479# have been better names for the zone had we known this in 1996.
1480
1481# From Paul Eggert (2015-07-20):
1482# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1483# Halifax.  Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1484# the Cape Breton area, represented by Glace Bay, is the largest we know of
1485# (Glace Bay was perhaps not the best name choice but no point changing now).
1486# Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1487# in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1488# this is a typo.
1489
1490# From Jeffery Nichols (2020-01-09):
1491# America/Halifax ... also applies to Îles-de-la-Madeleine and the Listuguj
1492# reserve in Quebec. Officially, this came into effect on January 1, 2007
1493# (Legal Time Act, CQLR c T-5.1), but the legislative debates surrounding that
1494# bill say that it is "accommodating the customs and practices" of those
1495# regions, which suggests that they have always been in-line with Halifax.
1496
1497# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1498Rule	Halifax	1916	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1499Rule	Halifax	1916	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	S
1500Rule	Halifax	1920	only	-	May	 9	0:00	1:00	D
1501Rule	Halifax	1920	only	-	Aug	29	0:00	0	S
1502Rule	Halifax	1921	only	-	May	 6	0:00	1:00	D
1503Rule	Halifax	1921	1922	-	Sep	 5	0:00	0	S
1504Rule	Halifax	1922	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
1505Rule	Halifax	1923	1925	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1506Rule	Halifax	1923	only	-	Sep	 4	0:00	0	S
1507Rule	Halifax	1924	only	-	Sep	15	0:00	0	S
1508Rule	Halifax	1925	only	-	Sep	28	0:00	0	S
1509Rule	Halifax	1926	only	-	May	16	0:00	1:00	D
1510Rule	Halifax	1926	only	-	Sep	13	0:00	0	S
1511Rule	Halifax	1927	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1512Rule	Halifax	1927	only	-	Sep	26	0:00	0	S
1513Rule	Halifax	1928	1931	-	May	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	D
1514Rule	Halifax	1928	only	-	Sep	 9	0:00	0	S
1515Rule	Halifax	1929	only	-	Sep	 3	0:00	0	S
1516Rule	Halifax	1930	only	-	Sep	15	0:00	0	S
1517Rule	Halifax	1931	1932	-	Sep	Mon>=24	0:00	0	S
1518Rule	Halifax	1932	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1519Rule	Halifax	1933	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
1520Rule	Halifax	1933	only	-	Oct	 2	0:00	0	S
1521Rule	Halifax	1934	only	-	May	20	0:00	1:00	D
1522Rule	Halifax	1934	only	-	Sep	16	0:00	0	S
1523Rule	Halifax	1935	only	-	Jun	 2	0:00	1:00	D
1524Rule	Halifax	1935	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	S
1525Rule	Halifax	1936	only	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1526Rule	Halifax	1936	only	-	Sep	14	0:00	0	S
1527Rule	Halifax	1937	1938	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1528Rule	Halifax	1937	1941	-	Sep	Mon>=24	0:00	0	S
1529Rule	Halifax	1939	only	-	May	28	0:00	1:00	D
1530Rule	Halifax	1940	1941	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1531Rule	Halifax	1946	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1532Rule	Halifax	1946	1949	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1533Rule	Halifax	1951	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1534Rule	Halifax	1951	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1535Rule	Halifax	1956	1959	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1536Rule	Halifax	1956	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1537Rule	Halifax	1962	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1538Rule	Halifax	1962	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1539# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1540Zone America/Halifax	-4:14:24 -	LMT	1902 Jun 15
1541			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1918
1542			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1919
1543			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1544			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1946
1545			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1974
1546			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1547Zone America/Glace_Bay	-3:59:48 -	LMT	1902 Jun 15
1548			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1953
1549			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1954
1550			-4:00	-	AST	1972
1551			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1974
1552			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1553
1554# New Brunswick
1555
1556# From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1557# The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1558# says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1559# <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1560# clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1561# For now, assume it started in 1993.
1562
1563# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1564Rule	Moncton	1933	1935	-	Jun	Sun>=8	1:00	1:00	D
1565Rule	Moncton	1933	1935	-	Sep	Sun>=8	1:00	0	S
1566Rule	Moncton	1936	1938	-	Jun	Sun>=1	1:00	1:00	D
1567Rule	Moncton	1936	1938	-	Sep	Sun>=1	1:00	0	S
1568Rule	Moncton	1939	only	-	May	27	1:00	1:00	D
1569Rule	Moncton	1939	1941	-	Sep	Sat>=21	1:00	0	S
1570Rule	Moncton	1940	only	-	May	19	1:00	1:00	D
1571Rule	Moncton	1941	only	-	May	 4	1:00	1:00	D
1572Rule	Moncton	1946	1972	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1573Rule	Moncton	1946	1956	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1574Rule	Moncton	1957	1972	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1575Rule	Moncton	1993	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
1576Rule	Moncton	1993	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:01	0	S
1577# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1578Zone America/Moncton	-4:19:08 -	LMT	1883 Dec  9
1579			-5:00	-	EST	1902 Jun 15
1580			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1933
1581			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	1942
1582			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1946
1583			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	1973
1584			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1993
1585			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	2007
1586			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1587
1588# Quebec
1589
1590# From Paul Eggert (2020-01-10):
1591# See America/Toronto for most of Quebec, including Montreal.
1592# See America/Halifax for the Îles de la Madeleine and the Listuguj reserve.
1593# See America/Puerto_Rico for east of Natashquan.
1594
1595# Ontario
1596
1597# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1598# [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1599# effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1600# Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1601# have already done so.  In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1602# 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1603# hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1604# only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1605# presumably that should be -07-06.  (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1606# earlier in June).
1607#
1608# Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1609#
1610# From Paul Eggert (2017-07-08):
1611# For more on Orillia, see: Daubs K. Bold attempt at daylight saving
1612# time became a comic failure in Orillia. Toronto Star 2017-07-08.
1613# https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2017/07/08/bold-attempt-at-daylight-saving-time-became-a-comic-failure-in-orillia.html
1614
1615# From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1616#
1617# In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1618# right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1619# time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1620#
1621#     The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1622#     except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1623#
1624# ... I don't know if Windsor began observing DST when Detroit did,
1625# or in 1974, or on some other date.
1626#
1627# By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1628#
1629#     Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1630#     three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1631
1632# From Chris Walton (2024-01-09):
1633# The [Toronto] changes in 1947, 1948, and 1949 took place at 2:00 a.m. local
1634# time instead of midnight....  Toronto Daily Star - ...
1635# April 2, 1947 - Page 39 ... April 7, 1948 - Page 13 ...
1636# April 2, 1949 - Page 1 ... April 7, 1949 - Page 24 ...
1637# November 25, 1949 - Page 52 ... April 21, 1950 - Page 14 ...
1638# September 19, 1950 - Page 46 ... September 20, 1950 - Page 3 ...
1639# November 24, 1950 - Page 21
1640
1641# From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1642#
1643# "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1644# The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1645# volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1646# was available at
1647# http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1648#
1649# It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1650#
1651#   A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1652# require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1653# the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1654# and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1655# ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1656# for the other provinces only approximate:
1657#
1658#	Province	Daylight saving time used
1659# Prince Edward Island	Not used.
1660# Nova Scotia		In Halifax only.
1661# New Brunswick		In St. John only.
1662# Quebec		In the following places:
1663#			Montreal	Lachine
1664#			Quebec		Mont-Royal
1665#			Lévis		Iberville
1666#			St. Lambert	Cap de la Madelèine
1667#			Verdun		Loretteville
1668#			Westmount	Richmond
1669#			Outremont	St. Jérôme
1670#			Longueuil	Greenfield Park
1671#			Arvida		Waterloo
1672#			Chambly-Canton	Beaulieu
1673#			Melbourne	La Tuque
1674#			St. Théophile	Buckingham
1675# Ontario		Used generally in the cities and towns along
1676#			the southerly part of the province. Not
1677#			used in the northwesterly part.
1678# Manitoba		Not used.
1679# Saskatchewan		In Regina only.
1680# Alberta		Not used.
1681# British Columbia	Not used.
1682#
1683#   With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1684# to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1685
1686# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1687Rule	Toronto	1919	only	-	Mar	30	23:30	1:00	D
1688Rule	Toronto	1919	only	-	Oct	26	0:00	0	S
1689Rule	Toronto	1920	only	-	May	 2	2:00	1:00	D
1690Rule	Toronto	1920	only	-	Sep	26	0:00	0	S
1691Rule	Toronto	1921	only	-	May	15	2:00	1:00	D
1692Rule	Toronto	1921	only	-	Sep	15	2:00	0	S
1693Rule	Toronto	1922	1923	-	May	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1694# Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1695# was meant.
1696Rule	Toronto	1922	1926	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00	0	S
1697Rule	Toronto	1924	1927	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
1698Rule	Toronto	1927	1937	-	Sep	Sun>=25	2:00	0	S
1699Rule	Toronto	1928	1937	-	Apr	Sun>=25	2:00	1:00	D
1700Rule	Toronto	1938	1940	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1701Rule	Toronto	1938	1939	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1702Rule	Toronto	1945	1948	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1703Rule	Toronto	1946	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1704Rule	Toronto	1949	1950	-	Nov	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1705Rule	Toronto	1951	1956	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1706# Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1707# namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1708# is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1709# Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1710Rule	Toronto	1957	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1711
1712# The Bahamas match Toronto since 1970.
1713
1714# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1715Zone America/Toronto	-5:17:32 -	LMT	1895
1716			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1919
1717			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1718			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1946
1719			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1974
1720			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
1721# For Atikokan see America/Panama.
1722
1723
1724# Manitoba
1725
1726# From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1727# the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1728# March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1729# "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1730# the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1731# Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1732# following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1733# I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had
1734# been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1735# Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1736# the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1737# the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1738# Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1739
1740# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1741# Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1742# starting 1966.  Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1743# it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1744
1745# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1746Rule	Winn	1916	only	-	Apr	23	0:00	1:00	D
1747Rule	Winn	1916	only	-	Sep	17	0:00	0	S
1748Rule	Winn	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1749Rule	Winn	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1750Rule	Winn	1937	only	-	May	16	2:00	1:00	D
1751Rule	Winn	1937	only	-	Sep	26	2:00	0	S
1752Rule	Winn	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1753Rule	Winn	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1754Rule	Winn	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1755Rule	Winn	1946	only	-	May	12	2:00	1:00	D
1756Rule	Winn	1946	only	-	Oct	13	2:00	0	S
1757Rule	Winn	1947	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1758Rule	Winn	1947	1949	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1759Rule	Winn	1950	only	-	May	 1	2:00	1:00	D
1760Rule	Winn	1950	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
1761Rule	Winn	1951	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1762Rule	Winn	1951	1958	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1763Rule	Winn	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1764Rule	Winn	1960	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1765Rule	Winn	1963	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1766Rule	Winn	1963	only	-	Sep	22	2:00	0	S
1767Rule	Winn	1966	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D
1768Rule	Winn	1966	2005	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	0	S
1769Rule	Winn	1987	2005	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	1:00	D
1770# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1771Zone America/Winnipeg	-6:28:36 -	LMT	1887 Jul 16
1772			-6:00	Winn	C%sT	2006
1773			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
1774
1775
1776# Saskatchewan
1777
1778# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1779# The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1780# level.  As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1781# elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1782# the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1783# DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1784# presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1785# the summer".  The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1786# time was noted.
1787
1788# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1789# Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1790# City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1791
1792# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25):
1793# Pearce's book says Regina observed DST in 1914-1917.  No dates and times,
1794# unfortunately.  It also says that in 1914 Saskatoon observed DST
1795# from 1 June to 6 July, and that DST was also tried out in Davidson,
1796# Melfort, and Prince Albert.
1797
1798# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1799# Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1800# Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1801# Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1802# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1803# are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1804
1805# From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1806# The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1807# provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1808# A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1809# since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1810#
1811# Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1812# the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1813# their affiliations in one direction or the other.  In 1965 a provincial
1814# referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1815#
1816# On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1817# Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1818# part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1819# northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1820# follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1821# zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1822# by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1823#
1824# It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1825# on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1826# serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1827# a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1828# rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1829# since sometime in the 1960s.
1830
1831# From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1832# The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1833# long and rather painful to read.
1834# http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1835
1836# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1837Rule	Regina	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1838Rule	Regina	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1839Rule	Regina	1930	1934	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1840Rule	Regina	1930	1934	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
1841Rule	Regina	1937	1941	-	Apr	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	D
1842Rule	Regina	1937	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
1843Rule	Regina	1938	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
1844Rule	Regina	1939	1941	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
1845Rule	Regina	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1846Rule	Regina	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1847Rule	Regina	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1848Rule	Regina	1946	only	-	Apr	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1849Rule	Regina	1946	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	2:00	0	S
1850Rule	Regina	1947	1957	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1851Rule	Regina	1947	1957	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1852Rule	Regina	1959	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1853Rule	Regina	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1854#
1855Rule	Swift	1957	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1856Rule	Swift	1957	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1857Rule	Swift	1959	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1858Rule	Swift	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1859Rule	Swift	1960	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1860# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1861Zone America/Regina	-6:58:36 -	LMT	1905 Sep
1862			-7:00	Regina	M%sT	1960 Apr lastSun  2:00
1863			-6:00	-	CST
1864Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 -	LMT	1905 Sep
1865			-7:00	Canada	M%sT	1946 Apr lastSun  2:00
1866			-7:00	Regina	M%sT	1950
1867			-7:00	Swift	M%sT	1972 Apr lastSun  2:00
1868			-6:00	-	CST
1869
1870
1871# Alberta
1872
1873# From Alois Treindl (2019-07-19):
1874# There was no DST in Alberta in 1967... Calgary Herald, 29 April 1967.
1875# 1969, no DST, from Edmonton Journal 18 April 1969
1876#
1877# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25):
1878# Pearce's book says that Alberta's 1948 Daylight Saving Act required
1879# Mountain Standard Time without DST, and that "anyone who broke that law
1880# could be fined up to $25 and costs".  There seems to be no record of
1881# anybody paying the fine.  The law was not changed until an August 1971
1882# plebiscite reinstituted DST in 1972.  This story is also mentioned in:
1883# Boyer JP. Forcing Choice: The Risky Reward of Referendums. Dundum. 2017.
1884# ISBN 978-1459739123.
1885
1886# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1887Rule	Edm	1918	1919	-	Apr	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1888Rule	Edm	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1889Rule	Edm	1919	only	-	May	27	2:00	0	S
1890Rule	Edm	1920	1923	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1891Rule	Edm	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1892Rule	Edm	1921	1923	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1893Rule	Edm	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1894Rule	Edm	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1895Rule	Edm	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1896Rule	Edm	1947	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1897Rule	Edm	1947	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1898Rule	Edm	1972	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1899Rule	Edm	1972	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1900# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1901Zone America/Edmonton	-7:33:52 -	LMT	1906 Sep
1902			-7:00	Edm	M%sT	1987
1903			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
1904
1905
1906# British Columbia
1907
1908# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1909# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1910# been like Vancouver.
1911# Dawson Creek uses MST.  Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1912
1913# From Matt Johnson (2015-09-21):
1914# Fort Nelson, BC, Canada will cancel DST this year.  So while previously they
1915# were aligned with America/Vancouver, they're now aligned with
1916# America/Dawson_Creek.
1917# http://www.northernrockies.ca/EN/meta/news/archives/2015/northern-rockies-time-change.html
1918#
1919# From Tim Parenti (2015-09-23):
1920# This requires a new zone for the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality,
1921# America/Fort_Nelson.  The resolution of 2014-12-08 was reached following a
1922# 2014-11-15 poll with nearly 75% support.  Effectively, the municipality has
1923# been on MST (-0700) like Dawson Creek since it advanced its clocks on
1924# 2015-03-08.
1925#
1926# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25):
1927# Shanks says Fort Nelson did not observe DST in 1946, unlike Vancouver.
1928# Alois Treindl confirmed this on 07-22, citing the 1946-04-27 Vancouver Daily
1929# Province.  He also cited the 1946-09-28 Victoria Daily Times, which said
1930# that Vancouver, Victoria, etc. "change at midnight Saturday"; for now,
1931# guess they meant 02:00 Sunday since 02:00 was common practice in Vancouver.
1932#
1933# Early Vancouver, Volume Four, by Major J.S. Matthews, V.D., 2011 edition
1934# says that a 1922 plebiscite adopted DST, but a 1923 plebiscite rejected it.
1935# http://former.vancouver.ca/ctyclerk/archives/digitized/EarlyVan/SearchEarlyVan/Vol4pdf/MatthewsEarlyVancouverVol4_DaylightSavings.pdf
1936# A catalog entry for a newspaper clipping seems to indicate that Vancouver
1937# observed DST in 1941 from 07-07 through 09-27; see
1938# https://searcharchives.vancouver.ca/daylight-saving-1918-starts-again-july-7-1941-start-d-s-sept-27-end-of-d-s-1941
1939# We have no further details, so omit them for now.
1940
1941# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1942Rule	Vanc	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1943Rule	Vanc	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1944Rule	Vanc	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1945Rule	Vanc	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1946Rule	Vanc	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
1947Rule	Vanc	1946	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1948Rule	Vanc	1946	only	-	Sep	29	2:00	0	S
1949Rule	Vanc	1947	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1950Rule	Vanc	1962	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1951# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1952Zone America/Vancouver	-8:12:28 -	LMT	1884
1953			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1987
1954			-8:00	Canada	P%sT
1955Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 -	LMT	1884
1956			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	1947
1957			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1972 Aug 30  2:00
1958			-7:00	-	MST
1959Zone America/Fort_Nelson	-8:10:47 -	LMT	1884
1960			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1946
1961			-8:00	-	PST	1947
1962			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1987
1963			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	2015 Mar  8  2:00
1964			-7:00	-	MST
1965# For Creston see America/Phoenix.
1966
1967# Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1968
1969# From Chris Walton (2022-11-06):
1970# Whitehorse Star - Thursday April 22, 1965 - page 1
1971# title: DST Starts Monday ...
1972# https://www.newspapers.com/image/578587481/
1973# The title of this first article is wrong and/or misleading.
1974# Also, the start time shown in the  article is vague; it simply says "after
1975# midnight" when it probably should have stated 2:00a.m....
1976#
1977# Whitehorse Star - Monday October 25, 1965 - page 15 ...
1978# https://www.newspapers.com/image/578589147/
1979# The 1965 Yukon Council minutes can be found here:
1980# http://assets.yukonarchives.ca/PER_YG_06_1965_C20_S02_v1.pdf
1981# ... I do not currently believe that NWT touched any of its clocks in 1965....
1982#
1983# Whitehorse Star - Thursday Feb 24,1966 - page 2
1984# title: It's Time for YDT ...
1985# https://www.newspapers.com/image/578575979/ ...
1986# America/Whitehorse as a permanent change from UTC-9(YST) to
1987# UTC-8(PST) at 00:00 on Sunday February 27, 1966....
1988#
1989# Whitehorse Star - Friday April 28,1972 - page 6
1990# title: Daylight Saving Time for N.W.T....
1991# https://www.newspapers.com/image/578701610/ ...
1992# Nunavut and NWT zones ... DST starting in 1972.... Start and End ...
1993# should be the same as the rest of Canada
1994#
1995#
1996# From Paul Eggert (2022-11-06):
1997# For now, assume Yukon's 1965-04-22 spring forward was 00:00 -> 02:00, as this
1998# seems likely than 02:00 -> 04:00 and matches "after midnight".
1999
2000# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2001# Dawson switched to PST in 1973.  Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
2002# Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
2003#	* 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
2004#	c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9....
2005#	see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
2006#	[https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/rsc-1985-c-i-21/latest/rsc-1985-c-i-21.html]
2007#	* C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
2008#	* O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
2009#	* O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
2010
2011# From Brian Inglis (2015-04-14):
2012#
2013# I tried to trace the history of Yukon time and found the following
2014# regulations, giving the reference title and URL if found, regulation name,
2015# and relevant quote if available.  Each regulation specifically revokes its
2016# predecessor.  The final reference is to the current Interpretation Act
2017# authorizing and resulting from these regulatory changes.
2018#
2019# Only recent regulations were retrievable via Yukon government site search or
2020# index, and only some via Canadian legal sources.  Other sources used include
2021# articles titled "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" from JRASC via ADS
2022# Abstracts, cited by ADO for 1932 ..., and updated versions from 1958 and
2023# 1970 quoted below; each article includes current extracts from provincial
2024# and territorial ST and DST regulations at the end, summaries and details of
2025# standard times and daylight saving time at many locations across Canada,
2026# with time zone maps, tables and calculations for Canadian Sunrise, Sunset,
2027# and LMST; they also cover many countries and global locations, with a chart
2028# and table showing current Universal Time offsets, and may be useful as
2029# another source of information for 1970 and earlier.
2030#
2031# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; JRASC, Vol. 26,
2032#   pp.49-77; February 1932; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2033#   http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1932JRASC..26...49S from p.75:
2034#   Yukon Interpretation Ordinance
2035#   Yukon standard time is the local mean time at the one hundred and
2036#   thirty-fifth meridian.
2037#
2038# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; Thomson, Malcolm M.;
2039#   JRASC, Vol. 52, pp.193-223; October 1958; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System
2040#   (ADS) http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1958JRASC..52..193S from pp.220-1:
2041#   Yukon Interpretation Ordinance, 1955, Chap. 16.
2042#
2043#     (1) Subject to this section, standard time shall be reckoned as nine
2044#     hours behind Greenwich Time and called Yukon Standard Time.
2045#
2046#     (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), the Commissioner may make regulations
2047#     varying the manner of reckoning standard time.
2048#
2049# * Yukon Territory Commissioner's Order 1966-20 Interpretation Ordinance
2050#   [no online source found]
2051#
2052# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Thomson, Malcolm M.; JRASC,
2053#   Vol. 64, pp.129-162; June 1970; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2054#   http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970JRASC..64..129T from p.156: Yukon
2055#   Territory Commissioner's Order 1967-59 Interpretation Ordinance ...
2056#
2057#     1. Commissioner's Order 1966-20 dated at Whitehorse in the Yukon
2058#     Territory on 27th January, 1966, is hereby revoked.
2059#
2060#     2. Yukon (East) Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the
2061#     Interpretation Ordinance from and after mid-night on the 28th day of May,
2062#     1967 shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that
2063#     is to say, eight hours behind Greenwich Time in the area of the Yukon
2064#     Territory lying east of the 138th degree longitude west.
2065#
2066#     3. In the remainder of the Territory, lying west of the 138th degree
2067#     longitude west, Yukon (West) Standard Time shall be reckoned as nine
2068#     hours behind Greenwich Time.
2069#
2070# * Yukon Standard Time defined as Pacific Standard Time, YCO 1973/214
2071#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yco-1973-214/latest/yco-1973-214.html
2072#   C.O. 1973/214 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2073#
2074#     1. Effective October 28, 1973 Commissioner's Order 1967/59 is hereby
2075#     revoked.
2076#
2077#     2. Yukon Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the Interpretation
2078#     Act from and after midnight on the twenty-eighth day of October, 1973
2079#     shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that is
2080#     to say eight hours behind Greenwich Time.
2081#
2082# * O.I.C. 1980/02 INTERPRETATION ACT
2083#   https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/attachments/20201125/d5adc93b/CAYTOIC1980-02DST1980-01-04-0001.pdf
2084#
2085# * Yukon Daylight Saving Time, YOIC 1987/56
2086#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-1987-56/latest/yoic-1987-56.html
2087#   O.I.C. 1987/056 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2088#
2089#   In every year between
2090#     (a) two o'clock in the morning in the first Sunday in April, and
2091#     (b) two o'clock in the morning in the last Sunday in October,
2092#   Standard Time shall be reckoned as seven hours behind Greenwich Time and
2093#   called Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2094#   ...
2095#   Dated ... 9th day of March, A.D., 1987.
2096#
2097# * Yukon Daylight Saving Time 2006, YOIC 2006/127
2098#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-2006-127/latest/yoic-2006-127.html
2099#   O.I.C. 2006/127 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2100#
2101#     1. In Yukon each year the time for general purposes shall be 7 hours
2102#     behind Greenwich mean time during the period commencing at two o'clock
2103#     in the forenoon on the second Sunday of March and ending at two o'clock
2104#     in the forenoon on the first Sunday of November and shall be called
2105#     Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2106#
2107#     2. Order-in-Council 1987/56 is revoked.
2108#
2109#     3. This order comes into force January 1, 2007.
2110#
2111# * Interpretation Act, RSY 2002, c 125
2112# https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/stat/rsy-2002-c-125/latest/rsy-2002-c-125.html
2113
2114# From Chris Walton (2022-11-06):
2115# The 5th edition of the Atlas of Canada contains a time zone map that
2116# shows both legislated and observed time zone boundaries.
2117# All communities on Baffin Island are shown to be observing Eastern time.
2118# The date on the map is 1984.
2119# https://ftp.maps.canada.ca/pub/nrcan_rncan/raster/atlas_5_ed/eng/other/referencemaps/mcr4056.pdf
2120
2121# From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
2122# Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
2123# Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
2124# http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html
2125
2126# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
2127# Basic Facts: The New Territory
2128# http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html
2129# (1999) reports that ... Coral Harbour does not observe DST.
2130
2131# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
2132# Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
2133# for these potential new Zones.
2134#
2135# The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
2136# handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
2137# zone] skip daylight savings.  Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
2138# Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
2139# Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
2140# Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
2141# required to use daylight savings.
2142
2143# From <http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
2144# Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):
2145# The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
2146# Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
2147# one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
2148# At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
2149# Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
2150# the rest of the territory for the winter.  Cambridge Bay remained on
2151# central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
2152# mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
2153# unified time zone in 1999.
2154#
2155# From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
2156# The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
2157
2158# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2159# Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
2160
2161# From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
2162# The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
2163# that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
2164# back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern).  Of the
2165# cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
2166# has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round.  I'm
2167# checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
2168# more.
2169# [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
2170
2171# From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
2172# According to ...
2173# http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
2174# (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
2175# for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
2176# round.  Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
2177# I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
2178# predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
2179# The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
2180#
2181# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-17):
2182# For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
2183# daylight saving only during wartime.  Gwillim Law's email also
2184# mentioned maps now maintained by National Research Council Canada;
2185# see above for an up-to-date link.
2186
2187# From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
2188# ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
2189# Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
2190# Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
2191# daylight saving....
2192# http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
2193
2194# From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):
2195# Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute
2196# Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of
2197# the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had
2198# decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.
2199#
2200# According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay
2201# went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...
2202#
2203# On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March
2204# 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I
2205# talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able
2206# to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was
2207# explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone
2208# (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).
2209# i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks
2210# had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in
2211# so they could follow the correct TV schedule...
2212#
2213# On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I
2214# phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature
2215# of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of
2216# information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of
2217# Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for
2218# Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived
2219# and worked in Resolute Bay...
2220#
2221# On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that
2222# Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of
2223# 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead
2224# on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay
2225# had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not
2226# tell me when the practice had stopped.
2227#
2228# On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of
2229# somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went
2230# off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz
2231# used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the
2232# businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on
2233# Aziz:
2234# http://www.uphere.ca/node/493
2235#
2236# I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using
2237# Eastern Standard Time.
2238#
2239# Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the
2240# 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way
2241# of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in
2242# the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"
2243#
2244# This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.
2245#
2246# I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz
2247# responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You
2248# may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a
2249# search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"
2250#
2251# If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would
2252# never have contacted her.  I now believe that all the information I
2253# obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...
2254# I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.
2255
2256# From Tim Parenti (2020-03-05):
2257# The government of Yukon announced [yesterday] the cessation of seasonal time
2258# changes.  "After clocks are pushed ahead one hour on March 8, the territory
2259# will remain on [UTC-07].  ... [The government] found 93 per cent of
2260# respondents wanted to end seasonal time changes and, of that group, 70 per
2261# cent wanted 'permanent Pacific Daylight Saving Time.'"
2262# https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/yukon-end-daylight-saving-time-1.5486358
2263#
2264# Although the government press release prefers PDT, we prefer MST for
2265# consistency with nearby Dawson Creek, Creston, and Fort Nelson.
2266# https://yukon.ca/en/news/yukon-end-seasonal-time-change
2267
2268# From Andrew G. Smith (2020-09-24):
2269# Yukon has completed its regulatory change to be on UTC -7 year-round....
2270# http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2020_125.pdf
2271# What we have done is re-defined Yukon Standard Time, as we are
2272# authorized to do under section 33 of our Interpretation Act:
2273# http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/acts/interpretation_c.pdf
2274#
2275# From Paul Eggert (2020-09-24):
2276# tzdb uses the obsolete YST abbreviation for standard time in Yukon through
2277# about 1970, and uses PST for standard time in Yukon since then.  Consistent
2278# with that, use MST for -07, the new standard time in Yukon effective Nov. 1.
2279
2280# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2281Rule	NT_YK	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
2282Rule	NT_YK	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
2283Rule	NT_YK	1919	only	-	May	25	2:00	1:00	D
2284Rule	NT_YK	1919	only	-	Nov	 1	0:00	0	S
2285Rule	NT_YK	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
2286Rule	NT_YK	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
2287Rule	NT_YK	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
2288Rule	NT_YK	1972	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
2289Rule	NT_YK	1972	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2290Rule	NT_YK	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2291Rule	Yukon	1965	only	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	2:00	DD
2292Rule	Yukon	1965	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2293# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2294# formerly Frobisher Bay
2295Zone America/Iqaluit	0	-	-00	1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
2296			-5:00	NT_YK	E%sT	1999 Oct 31  2:00
2297			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2298			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
2299# aka Qausuittuq
2300Zone America/Resolute	0	-	-00	1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
2301			-6:00	NT_YK	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2302			-5:00	-	EST	2001 Apr  1  3:00
2303			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2006 Oct 29  2:00
2304			-5:00	-	EST	2007 Mar 11  3:00
2305			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
2306# aka Kangiqiniq
2307Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0	-	-00	1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
2308			-6:00	NT_YK	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2309			-5:00	-	EST	2001 Apr  1  3:00
2310			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
2311# aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
2312Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0	-	-00	1920 # trading post est.?
2313			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1999 Oct 31  2:00
2314			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2315			-5:00	-	EST	2000 Nov  5  0:00
2316			-6:00	-	CST	2001 Apr  1  3:00
2317			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
2318Zone America/Inuvik	0	-	-00	1953 # Inuvik founded
2319			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1979 Apr lastSun  2:00
2320			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1980
2321			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
2322Zone America/Whitehorse	-9:00:12 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20
2323			-9:00	NT_YK	Y%sT	1965
2324			-9:00	Yukon	Y%sT	1966 Feb 27  0:00
2325			-8:00	-	PST	1980
2326			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	2020 Nov  1
2327			-7:00	-	MST
2328Zone America/Dawson	-9:17:40 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20
2329			-9:00	NT_YK	Y%sT	1965
2330			-9:00	Yukon	Y%sT	1973 Oct 28  0:00
2331			-8:00	-	PST	1980
2332			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	2020 Nov  1
2333			-7:00	-	MST
2334
2335
2336###############################################################################
2337
2338# Mexico
2339
2340# From Paul Eggert (2014-12-07):
2341# The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
2342# Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
2343# history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
2344# http://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/index.htm
2345#
2346# Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
2347# (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
2348# S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
2349# S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
2350# S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
2351# S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
2352
2353# From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
2354# There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
2355# tz database.  I think they can best be explained by supposing that
2356# the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
2357# the relevant documents.
2358
2359# From Heitor David Pinto (2024-08-04):
2360# In 1931, the decree implementing DST specified that it would take
2361# effect on 30 April....
2362# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?cod_diario=192270&pagina=2&seccion=1
2363#
2364# In 1981, the decree changing Campeche, Yucatán and Quintana Roo to UTC-5
2365# specified that it would enter into force on 26 December 1981 at 2:00....
2366# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4705667&fecha=23/12/1981&cod_diario=202796
2367#
2368# In 1982, the decree returning Campeche and Yucatán to UTC-6 specified that
2369# it would enter into force on 2 November 1982 at 2:00....
2370# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?cod_diario=205689&pagina=3&seccion=0
2371#
2372# Quintana Roo changed to UTC-6 on 4 January 1983 at 0:00, and again
2373# to UTC-5 on 26 October 1997 at 2:00....
2374# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4787355&fecha=28/12/1982&cod_diario=206112
2375# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?cod_diario=209559&pagina=15&seccion=0
2376#
2377# Durango, Coahuila, Nuevo León and Tamaulipas were set to UTC-7 on 1 January
2378# 1922, and changed to UTC-6 on 10 June 1927.  Then Durango, Coahuila and
2379# Nuevo León (but not Tamaulipas) returned to UTC-7 on 15 November 1930,
2380# observed DST in 1931, and changed again to UTC-6 on 1 April 1932....
2381# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4441846&fecha=29/12/1921&cod_diario=187468
2382# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4541520&fecha=09/06/1927&cod_diario=193920
2383# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4491963&fecha=15/11/1930&cod_diario=190835
2384# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4418437&fecha=21/01/1932&cod_diario=185588
2385#
2386# ... the ... 10 June 1927 ... decree only said 10 June 1927, without
2387# specifying a time, so I suppose that it should be considered at 0:00.
2388# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4541520&fecha=09/06/1927&cod_diario=193920
2389#
2390# In 1942, the decree changing Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora,
2391# Sinaloa and Nayarit to UTC-7 was published on 24 April, but it said that it
2392# would apply from 1 April, so it's unclear when the change actually
2393# occurred. The database currently shows 24 April 1942.
2394# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?cod_diario=192203&pagina=2&seccion=1
2395#
2396# Baja California Sur, Sonora, Sinaloa and Nayarit never used UTC-8.  The ...
2397# 14 January 1949 ... change [to UTC-8] only occurred in Baja California.
2398# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4515613&fecha=13/01/1949&cod_diario=192309
2399#
2400# In 1945, the decree changing Baja California to UTC-8 specified that it
2401# would take effect on the third day from its publication.
2402# It was published on 12 November, so it would take effect on 15 November....
2403# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4555049&fecha=12/11/1945&cod_diario=194763
2404#
2405# In 1948, the decree changing Baja California to UTC-7 specified that it
2406# would take effect on "this date".  The decree was made on 13 March,
2407# but published on 5 April, so it's unclear when the change actually occurred.
2408# The database currently shows 5 April 1948.
2409# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?cod_diario=188624&pagina=2&seccion=0
2410#
2411# In 1949, the decree changing Baja California to UTC-8 was published on 13
2412# January, but it said that it would apply from 1 January, so it's unclear when
2413# the change actually occurred.  The database currently shows 14 January 1949.
2414# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4515613&fecha=13/01/1949&cod_diario=192309
2415#
2416# Baja California also observed UTC-7 from 1 May to 24 September 1950,
2417# from 29 April to 30 September 1951 at 2:00,
2418# and from 27 April to 28 September 1952 at 2:00....
2419# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4600403&fecha=29/04/1950&cod_diario=197505
2420# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4623553&fecha=23/09/1950&cod_diario=198805
2421# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4469444&fecha=27/04/1951&cod_diario=189317
2422# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_to_imagen_fs.php?codnota=4533868&fecha=10/03/1952&cod_diario=193465
2423#
2424# All changes in Baja California from 1948 to 1952 match those in California,
2425# on the same dates or with a difference of one day.
2426# So it may be easier to implement these changes as DST with rule CA
2427# during this whole period.
2428#
2429# From Paul Eggert (2024-08-18):
2430# For now, maintain the slightly-different history for Baja California,
2431# as we have no information on whether 1948/1952 clocks in Tijuana followed
2432# the decrees or followed San Diego.
2433
2434# From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
2435# A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
2436# outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
2437#
2438# ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
2439#
2440# I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
2441# rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
2442#
2443# 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
2444#    - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
2445#    - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
2446#    - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
2447#
2448# 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
2449#    at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
2450#    BajaNorte: GMT+7
2451#    BajaSur:   GMT+6
2452#    General:   GMT+5
2453#
2454# 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
2455#    BajaNorte: GMT+8
2456#    BajaSur:   GMT+7
2457#    General:   GMT+6
2458#
2459# The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
2460#
2461# -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
2462# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
2463# For an English translation of the decree, see
2464# "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).
2465# http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html
2466
2467# From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2468# The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2469# (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2470
2471# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2472# Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2473# zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2474# savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2475# Arizona year round.
2476
2477# From Jesper Nørgaard, translating
2478# <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2479# In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2480# Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2481# year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2482# whole year.
2483
2484# From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2485# <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2486# (translated):...
2487# January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2488# that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2489# this year....
2490# http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001
2491# [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2492# in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2493
2494# From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2495# The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2496# story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2497# http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2498# ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2499# Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2500# the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish
2501# observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2502
2503# Official statute published by the Energy Department
2504# http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre
2505# (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2506# and Sonora with no DST.  This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03).
2507
2508# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2509#
2510# https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2001-mar-03-mn-32561-story.html
2511# James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2512# * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2513# * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that
2514#   the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2515# * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2516# * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2517#   the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2518#
2519# For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2520
2521# From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01):
2522# I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2523# saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2524# that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2525# saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2526# (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2527# saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2528# Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2529# September 30, 2001.
2530# References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2531# Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2532
2533# From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2534# Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2535# unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2536# capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2537# next year....  The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2538# a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2539# standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2540# subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2541
2542# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2543# ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2544# that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2545# http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2546# confirms this.  Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2547
2548# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2549#
2550# Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2551# > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2552# > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2553# > the United States.
2554# Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2555# 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2556# http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2557# http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2558# (Spanish)
2559#
2560# Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2561# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2562# (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2563#
2564# There is also a list of the votes here:
2565# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2566#
2567# Our page:
2568# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2569
2570# From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2571# The page
2572# http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2573# includes this text:
2574# En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2575# Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2576# Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2577# Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
2578# desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2579# horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2580# En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2581# fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2582# internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2583# kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2584# interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2585# efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2586# las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2587
2588# From Steffen Thorsen (2014-12-08), translated by Gwillim Law:
2589# The Mexican state of Quintana Roo will likely change to EST in 2015.
2590#
2591# http://www.unioncancun.mx/articulo/2014/12/04/medio-ambiente/congreso-aprueba-una-hora-mas-de-sol-en-qroo
2592# "With this change, the time conflict that has existed between the municipios
2593# of Quintana Roo and the municipio of Felipe Carrillo Puerto may come to an
2594# end. The latter declared itself in rebellion 15 years ago when a time change
2595# was initiated in Mexico, and since then it has refused to change its time
2596# zone along with the rest of the country."
2597#
2598# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-01-14), translated by Gwillim Law:
2599# http://sipse.com/novedades/confirman-aplicacion-de-nueva-zona-horaria-para-quintana-roo-132331.html
2600# "...the new time zone will come into effect at two o'clock on the first Sunday
2601# of February, when we will have to advance the clock one hour from its current
2602# time..."
2603# Also, the new zone will not use DST.
2604#
2605# From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2015-02-02):
2606# The decree that modifies the Mexican Hour System Law has finally
2607# been published at the Diario Oficial de la Federación
2608# http://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5380123&fecha=31/01/2015
2609# It establishes 5 zones for Mexico:
2610# 1- Zona Centro (Central Zone): Corresponds to longitude 90 W,
2611#    includes most of Mexico, excluding what's mentioned below.
2612# 2- Zona Pacífico (Pacific Zone): Longitude 105 W, includes the
2613#    states of Baja California Sur; Chihuahua; Nayarit (excluding Bahía
2614#    de Banderas which lies in Central Zone); Sinaloa and Sonora.
2615# 3- Zona Noroeste (Northwest Zone): Longitude 120 W, includes the
2616#    state of Baja California.
2617# 4- Zona Sureste (Southeast Zone): Longitude 75 W, includes the state
2618#    of Quintana Roo.
2619# 5- The islands, reefs and keys shall take their timezone from the
2620#    longitude they are located at.
2621
2622# From Paul Eggert (2022-10-28):
2623# The new Mexican law was published today:
2624# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5670045&fecha=28/10/2022
2625# This abolishes DST except where US DST rules are observed,
2626# and in addition changes all of Chihuahua to -06 with no DST.
2627
2628# From Heitor David Pinto (2022-11-28):
2629# Now the northern [municipios] want to have the same time zone as the
2630# respective neighboring cities in the US, for example Juárez in UTC-7 with
2631# DST, matching El Paso, and Ojinaga in UTC-6 with DST, matching Presidio....
2632# the president authorized the publication of the decree for November 29,
2633# so the time change would occur on November 30 at 0:00.
2634# http://puentelibre.mx/noticia/ciudad_juarez_cambio_horario_noviembre_2022/
2635
2636# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2637Rule	Mexico	1931	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
2638Rule	Mexico	1931	only	-	Oct	1	0:00	0	S
2639Rule	Mexico	1939	only	-	Feb	5	0:00	1:00	D
2640Rule	Mexico	1939	only	-	Jun	25	0:00	0	S
2641Rule	Mexico	1940	only	-	Dec	9	0:00	1:00	D
2642Rule	Mexico	1941	only	-	Apr	1	0:00	0	S
2643Rule	Mexico	1943	only	-	Dec	16	0:00	1:00	W # War
2644Rule	Mexico	1944	only	-	May	1	0:00	0	S
2645Rule	Mexico	1950	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	1:00	D
2646Rule	Mexico	1950	only	-	Jul	30	0:00	0	S
2647Rule	Mexico	1996	2000	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2648Rule	Mexico	1996	2000	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2649Rule	Mexico	2001	only	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2650Rule	Mexico	2001	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2651Rule	Mexico	2002	2022	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2652Rule	Mexico	2002	2022	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2653# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2654# Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún
2655Zone America/Cancun	-5:47:04 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  6:00u
2656			-6:00	-	CST	1981 Dec 26  2:00
2657			-5:00	-	EST	1983 Jan  4  0:00
2658			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	1997 Oct 26  2:00
2659			-5:00	Mexico	E%sT	1998 Aug  2  2:00
2660			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2015 Feb  1  2:00
2661			-5:00	-	EST
2662# Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida
2663Zone America/Merida	-5:58:28 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  6:00u
2664			-6:00	-	CST	1981 Dec 26  2:00
2665			-5:00	-	EST	1982 Nov  2  2:00
2666			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2667# Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2668# This includes the following municipios:
2669#   in Coahuila: Acuña, Allende, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jiménez, Morelos, Nava,
2670#     Ocampo, Piedras Negras, Villa Unión, Zaragoza
2671#   in Nuevo León: Anáhuac
2672#   in Tamaulipas: Nuevo Laredo, Guerrero, Mier, Miguel Alemán, Camargo,
2673#     Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Reynosa, Río Bravo, Valle Hermoso, Matamoros.
2674# https://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5670045&fecha=28/10/2022
2675Zone America/Matamoros	-6:30:00 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  6:00u
2676			-6:00	-	CST	1988
2677			-6:00	US	C%sT	1989
2678			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2010
2679			-6:00	US	C%sT
2680# Durango; Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2681Zone America/Monterrey	-6:41:16 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  6:00u
2682			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10
2683			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2684			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1932 Apr  1
2685			-6:00	-	CST	1988
2686			-6:00	US	C%sT	1989
2687			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2688# Central Mexico
2689Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  7:00u
2690			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10
2691			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2692			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1932 Apr  1
2693			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2001 Sep 30  2:00
2694			-6:00	-	CST	2002 Feb 20
2695			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2696# Chihuahua (near US border - western side)
2697# This includes the municipios of Janos, Ascensión, Juárez, Guadalupe, and
2698# Práxedis G Guerrero.
2699# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/PDF/65/2a022/nov/20221124-VII.pdf
2700Zone America/Ciudad_Juarez -7:05:56 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  7:00u
2701			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10
2702			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2703			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1932 Apr  1
2704			-6:00	-	CST	1996
2705			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	1998
2706			-6:00	-	CST	1998 Apr Sun>=1  3:00
2707			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	2010
2708			-7:00	US	M%sT	2022 Oct 30  2:00
2709			-6:00	-	CST	2022 Nov 30  0:00
2710			-7:00	US	M%sT
2711# Chihuahua (near US border - eastern side)
2712# This includes the municipios of Coyame del Sotol, Ojinaga, and Manuel
2713# Benavides.
2714# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/PDF/65/2a022/nov/20221124-VII.pdf
2715Zone America/Ojinaga	-6:57:40 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  7:00u
2716			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10
2717			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2718			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1932 Apr  1
2719			-6:00	-	CST	1996
2720			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	1998
2721			-6:00	-	CST	1998 Apr Sun>=1  3:00
2722			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	2010
2723			-7:00	US	M%sT	2022 Oct 30  2:00
2724			-6:00	-	CST	2022 Nov 30  0:00
2725			-6:00	US	C%sT
2726# Chihuahua (away from US border)
2727Zone America/Chihuahua	-7:04:20 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  7:00u
2728			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10
2729			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2730			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1932 Apr  1
2731			-6:00	-	CST	1996
2732			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	1998
2733			-6:00	-	CST	1998 Apr Sun>=1  3:00
2734			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	2022 Oct 30  2:00
2735			-6:00	-	CST
2736# Sonora
2737Zone America/Hermosillo	-7:23:52 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  7:00u
2738			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10
2739			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2740			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1932 Apr  1
2741			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
2742			-7:00	-	MST	1996
2743			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1999
2744			-7:00	-	MST
2745
2746# Baja California Sur, Nayarit (except Bahía de Banderas), Sinaloa
2747Zone America/Mazatlan	-7:05:40 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  7:00u
2748			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10
2749			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2750			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1932 Apr  1
2751			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
2752			-7:00	-	MST	1970
2753			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT
2754
2755# Bahía de Banderas
2756
2757# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2758# According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2759# changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2760# share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2761#
2762# (Spanish)
2763# Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2764# país, a partir de este domingo
2765# http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2766#
2767# Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2768# País
2769# http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50
2770#
2771# (English)
2772# Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2773# http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2774# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2775#
2776# "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2777# will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2778# zone ..."
2779# Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2780
2781# From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2782# Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2783
2784Zone America/Bahia_Banderas -7:01:00 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  7:00u
2785			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10
2786			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2787			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1932 Apr  1
2788			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
2789			-7:00	-	MST	1970
2790			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	2010 Apr  4  2:00
2791			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2792
2793# Baja California
2794Zone America/Tijuana	-7:48:04 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  7:00u
2795			-7:00	-	MST	1924
2796			-8:00	-	PST	1927 Jun 10
2797			-7:00	-	MST	1930 Nov 15
2798			-8:00	-	PST	1931 Apr  1
2799			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1931 Sep 30
2800			-8:00	-	PST	1942 Apr 24
2801			-8:00	1:00	PWT	1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2802			-8:00	1:00	PPT	1945 Nov 15 # Peace
2803			-8:00	-	PST	1948 Apr  5
2804			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1949 Jan 14
2805			-8:00	-	PST	1950 May  1
2806			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1950 Sep 24
2807			-8:00	-	PST	1951 Apr 29  2:00
2808			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1951 Sep 30  2:00
2809			-8:00	-	PST	1952 Apr 27  2:00
2810			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1952 Sep 28  2:00
2811			-8:00	-	PST	1954
2812			-8:00	CA	P%sT	1961
2813			-8:00	-	PST	1976
2814			-8:00	US	P%sT	1996
2815			-8:00	Mexico	P%sT	2001
2816			-8:00	US	P%sT	2002 Feb 20
2817			-8:00	Mexico	P%sT	2010
2818			-8:00	US	P%sT
2819# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2820# Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2821# America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2822# through 1995.  This was as per Shanks (1999).  But Shanks & Pottenger say
2823# Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975.  Guy Harris reports
2824# that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and
2825# Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2826# DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then.  This concerns
2827# data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2828# other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2829# name or contents should be.
2830#
2831# From Paul Eggert (2015-10-08):
2832# Formerly there was an America/Santa_Isabel zone, but this appears to
2833# have come from a misreading of
2834# http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2835# It has been moved to the 'backward' file.
2836#
2837# From Paul Eggert (2022-10-28):
2838# Today's new law states that the entire state of Baja California
2839# follows US DST rules, which agrees with simplifications noted above.
2840#
2841#
2842# Revillagigedo Is
2843# no information
2844
2845###############################################################################
2846
2847# Barbados
2848
2849# For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2.
2850
2851# From P Chan (2020-12-09 and 2020-12-11):
2852# Standard time of GMT-4 was adopted in 1911.
2853# Definition of Time Act, 1911 (1911-7) [1911-08-28]
2854# 1912, Laws of Barbados (5 v.), OCLC Number: 919801291, Vol. 4, Image No. 522
2855# 1944, Laws of Barbados (5 v.), OCLC Number: 84548697, Vol. 4, Image No. 122
2856# http://llmc.com/browse.aspx?type=2&coll=85&div=297
2857#
2858# DST was observed in 1942-44.
2859# Defence (Daylight Saving) Regulations, 1942, 1942-04-13
2860# Defence (Daylight Saving) (Repeal) Regulations, 1942, 1942-08-22
2861# Defence (Daylight Saving) Regulations, 1943, 1943-04-16
2862# Defence (Daylight Saving) (Repeal) Regulations, 1943, 1943-09-01
2863# Defence (Daylight Saving) Regulations, 1944, 1944-03-21
2864# [Defence (Daylight Saving) (Amendment) Regulations 1944, 1944-03-28]
2865# Defence (Daylight Saving) (Repeal) Regulations, 1944, 1944-08-30
2866#
2867# 1914-, Subsidiary Legis., Annual Vols. OCLC Number: 226290591
2868# 1942: Image Nos. 527-528, 555-556
2869# 1943: Image Nos. 178-179, 198
2870# 1944: Image Nos. 113-115, 129
2871# http://llmc.com/titledescfull.aspx?type=2&coll=85&div=297&set=98437
2872#
2873# From Tim Parenti (2021-02-20):
2874# The transitions below are derived from P Chan's sources, except that the 1977
2875# through 1980 transitions are from Shanks & Pottenger since we have no better
2876# data there.  Of particular note, the 1944 DST regulation only advanced the
2877# time to "exactly three and a half hours later than Greenwich mean time", as
2878# opposed to "three hours" in the 1942 and 1943 regulations.
2879
2880# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2881Rule	Barb	1942	only	-	Apr	19	5:00u	1:00	D
2882Rule	Barb	1942	only	-	Aug	31	6:00u	0	S
2883Rule	Barb	1943	only	-	May	 2	5:00u	1:00	D
2884Rule	Barb	1943	only	-	Sep	 5	6:00u	0	S
2885Rule	Barb	1944	only	-	Apr	10	5:00u	0:30	-
2886Rule	Barb	1944	only	-	Sep	10	6:00u	0	S
2887Rule	Barb	1977	only	-	Jun	12	2:00	1:00	D
2888Rule	Barb	1977	1978	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
2889Rule	Barb	1978	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	D
2890Rule	Barb	1979	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
2891Rule	Barb	1980	only	-	Sep	25	2:00	0	S
2892# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2893		#STDOFF	-3:58:29.2
2894Zone America/Barbados	-3:58:29 -	LMT	1911 Aug 28 # Bridgetown
2895			-4:00	Barb	A%sT	1944
2896			-4:00	Barb	AST/-0330 1945
2897			-4:00	Barb	A%sT
2898
2899# Belize
2900
2901# From P Chan (2020-11-03):
2902# Below are some laws related to the time in British Honduras/Belize:
2903#
2904# Definition of Time Ordinance, 1927 (No.4 of 1927) [1927-04-01]
2905# Ordinances of British Honduras Passed in the Year 1927, p 19-20
2906# https://books.google.com/books?id=LqEpAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA3-PA19
2907#
2908# Definition of Time (Amendment) Ordinance, 1942 (No. 5 of 1942) [1942-06-27]
2909# Ordinances of British Honduras Passed in the Year 1942, p 31-32
2910# https://books.google.com/books?id=h6MpAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA6-PA95-IA44
2911#
2912# Definition of Time Ordinance, 1945 (No. 19 of 1945) [1945-12-15]
2913# Ordinances of British Honduras Passed in the Year 1945, p 49-50
2914# https://books.google.com/books?id=xaMpAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA2-PP1
2915#
2916# Definition of Time Ordinance, 1947 (No. 1 of 1947) [1947-03-11]
2917# Ordinances of British Honduras Passed in the Year 1947, p 1-2
2918# https://books.google.com/books?id=xaMpAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA3-PA1
2919#
2920# Time (Definition of) Ordinance  (Chapter 180)
2921# The Laws of British Honduras in Force on the 15th Day of September, 1958 , Volume IV, p 2580
2922# https://books.google.com/books?id=v5QpAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA2580
2923#
2924# Time (Definition of) (Amendment) Ordinance, 1968 (No. 13 of 1968) [1968-08-03]
2925# https://books.google.com/books?id=xij7KEB_58wC&pg=RA1-PA428-IA9
2926#
2927# Definition of Time Act (Chapter 339)
2928# Law of Belize, Revised Edition 2000
2929# http://www.belizelaw.org/web/lawadmin/PDF%20files/cap339.pdf
2930
2931# From Paul Eggert (2020-11-03):
2932# The transitions below are derived from P Chan's sources, except that the
2933# 1973 through 1983 transitions are from Shanks & Pottenger since we have
2934# no better data there.
2935
2936# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2937Rule	Belize	1918	1941	-	Oct	Sat>=1	24:00	0:30	-0530
2938Rule	Belize	1919	1942	-	Feb	Sat>=8	24:00	0	CST
2939Rule	Belize	1942	only	-	Jun	27	24:00	1:00	CWT
2940Rule	Belize	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	CPT
2941Rule	Belize	1945	only	-	Dec	15	24:00	0	CST
2942Rule	Belize	1947	1967	-	Oct	Sat>=1	24:00	0:30	-0530
2943Rule	Belize	1948	1968	-	Feb	Sat>=8	24:00	0	CST
2944Rule	Belize	1973	only	-	Dec	 5	0:00	1:00	CDT
2945Rule	Belize	1974	only	-	Feb	 9	0:00	0	CST
2946Rule	Belize	1982	only	-	Dec	18	0:00	1:00	CDT
2947Rule	Belize	1983	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	0	CST
2948# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2949Zone	America/Belize	-5:52:48 -	LMT	1912 Apr  1
2950			-6:00	Belize	%s
2951
2952# Bermuda
2953
2954# From Paul Eggert (2022-07-27):
2955# For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
2956# Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I.  This agrees with standard offset given in the
2957# Daylight Saving Act, 1917 cited below.
2958# It is not known when this time became standard for Bermuda; guess 1890.
2959# The transition to -04 was specified by:
2960# 1930: The Time Zone Act, 1929 (1929: No. 39) [1929-11-08]
2961# https://books.google.com/books?id=7tdMAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA54-PP1
2962
2963# From P Chan (2020-11-20):
2964# Most of the information can be found online from the Bermuda National
2965# Library - Digital Collection which includes The Royal Gazette (RG) until 1957
2966# https://bnl.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/
2967# I will cite the ID.  For example, [10000] means
2968# https://bnl.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/BermudaNP02/id/10000
2969#
2970# 1917: Apr 5 midnight to Sep 30 midnight
2971# Daylight Saving Act, 1917 (1917 No. 13) [1917-04-02]
2972# Bermuda Acts and Resolves 1917, p 37-38
2973# https://books.google.com/books?id=M-lCAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA36-IA2
2974# RG, 1917-04-04, p 6 [42340] gives the spring forward date.
2975#
2976# 1918: Apr 13 midnight to Sep 15 midnight
2977# Daylight Saving Act, 1918 (1918 No. 9) [1918-04-06]
2978# Bermuda Acts and Resolves 1917, p 13
2979# https://books.google.com/books?id=K-lCAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA7
2980#
2981# Note that local mean time was still used before 1930.
2982#
2983# During WWII, DST was introduced by Defence Regulations
2984# 1942: Jan 11 02:00 to Oct 18 02:00 [113646], [115726]
2985# 1943: Mar 21 02:00 to Oct 31 02:00 [116704], [118193]
2986# 1944: Mar 12 02:00 to Nov 5 02:00 [119225], [121593]
2987# 1945: Mar 11 02:00 to Nov 4 02:00 [122369], [124461]
2988# RG, 1942-01-08, p 2, 1942-10-12, p 2 , 1943-03-06, p 2, 1943-09-03, p 1,
2989# 1944-02-29, p 6, 1944-09-20, p 2, 1945-02-13, p 2, 1945-11-03, p 1
2990#
2991# In 1946, the House of Assembly rejected DST twice. [128686], [128076]
2992# RG, 1946-03-16 p 1,1946-04-13 p 1
2993#
2994# 1947: third Sunday in May 02:00 to second Sunday in September 02:00
2995# DST in 1947 was defined in the Daylight Saving Act, 1947 (1947: No. 12)
2996# which expired at the end of the year.  [125784] ,[132405], [144454], [138226]
2997# RG, 1947-02-27, p 1, 1947-05-15, p 1, 1947-09-13, p 1, 1947-12-30, p 1
2998#
2999# 1948-1952: fourth Sunday in May 02:00 to first Sunday in September 02:00
3000# DST in 1948 was defined in the Daylight Saving Act, 1948 (1948 : No. 12)
3001# which was set to expired at the end of the year but it was extended until
3002# the end of 1952 and was not further extended.
3003# [129802], [139403], [146008], [135240], [144330], [139049], [143309],
3004# [148271], [149773], [153589], [153802], [155924]
3005# RG, 1948-04-13, p 1, 1948-05-22, p 1, 1948-09-04, p 1, 1949-05-21, p1,
3006# 1949-09-03, p 1, 1950-05-27 p 1, 1950-09-02, p 1, 1951-05-27, p 1,
3007# 1951-09-01, p 1, 1952-05-23, p 1, 1952-09-26, p 1, 1952-12-21, p 8
3008#
3009# In 1953-1955, the House of Assembly rejected DST each year. [158996],
3010# [162620], [166720] RG, 1953-05-02, p 1, 1954-04-01 p 1, 1955-03-12, p 1
3011#
3012# 1956: fourth Sunday in May 02:00 to last Sunday in October 02:00
3013# Time Zone (Seasonal Variation) Act, 1956 (1956: No.44) [1956-05-25]
3014# Bermuda Public Acts 1956, p 331-332
3015# https://books.google.com/books?id=Xs1AlmD_cEwC&pg=PA63
3016#
3017# The extension of the Act was rejected by the House of Assembly. [176218]
3018# RG, 1956-12-13, p 1
3019#
3020# From the Chronological Table of Public and Private Acts up to 1985, it seems
3021# that there does not exist other Acts related to DST before 1973.
3022# https://books.google.com/books?id=r9hMAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA23-PA1
3023# Public Acts of the Legislature of the Islands of Bermuda, Together with
3024# Statutory Instruments in Force Thereunder, Vol VII
3025
3026# From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
3027# Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
3028# in March, until the first Sunday in November.  And, after the Time Zone
3029# (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
3030# Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
3031# http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
3032
3033# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3034Rule	Bermuda	1917	only	-	Apr	 5	24:00	1:00	-
3035Rule	Bermuda	1917	only	-	Sep	30	24:00	0	-
3036Rule	Bermuda	1918	only	-	Apr	13	24:00	1:00	-
3037Rule	Bermuda	1918	only	-	Sep	15	24:00	0	S
3038Rule	Bermuda	1942	only	-	Jan	11	 2:00	1:00	D
3039Rule	Bermuda	1942	only	-	Oct	18	 2:00	0	S
3040Rule	Bermuda	1943	only	-	Mar	21	 2:00	1:00	D
3041Rule	Bermuda	1943	only	-	Oct	31	 2:00	0	S
3042Rule	Bermuda	1944	1945	-	Mar	Sun>=8	 2:00	1:00	D
3043Rule	Bermuda	1944	1945	-	Nov	Sun>=1	 2:00	0	S
3044Rule	Bermuda	1947	only	-	May	Sun>=15	 2:00	1:00	D
3045Rule	Bermuda	1947	only	-	Sep	Sun>=8	 2:00	0	S
3046Rule	Bermuda	1948	1952	-	May	Sun>=22	 2:00	1:00	D
3047Rule	Bermuda	1948	1952	-	Sep	Sun>=1	 2:00	0	S
3048Rule	Bermuda	1956	only	-	May	Sun>=22	 2:00	1:00	D
3049Rule	Bermuda	1956	only	-	Oct	lastSun	 2:00	0	S
3050
3051# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3052		#STDOFF	-4:19:18.3
3053Zone Atlantic/Bermuda	-4:19:18 -	LMT	1890	# Hamilton
3054			-4:19:18 Bermuda BMT/BST 1930 Jan 1  2:00
3055			-4:00	Bermuda	A%sT	1974 Apr 28  2:00
3056			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1976
3057			-4:00	US	A%sT
3058
3059# Costa Rica
3060
3061# Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time.
3062
3063# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3064Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Feb	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
3065Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
3066Rule	CR	1991	1992	-	Jan	Sat>=15	0:00	1:00	D
3067# IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
3068# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
3069Rule	CR	1991	only	-	Jul	 1	0:00	0	S
3070Rule	CR	1992	only	-	Mar	15	0:00	0	S
3071# There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
3072# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3073		#STDOFF	-5:36:13.3
3074Zone America/Costa_Rica	-5:36:13 -	LMT	1890        # San José
3075			-5:36:13 -	SJMT	1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
3076			-6:00	CR	C%sT
3077# Coco
3078# no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
3079
3080# Cuba
3081
3082# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
3083# Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
3084# for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
3085# For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
3086
3087# From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
3088# The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
3089# the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
3090# the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
3091# During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
3092# "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
3093# Time today."  (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
3094# sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
3095# to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have
3096# returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
3097
3098# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):
3099# DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the
3100# years before.  The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...
3101# https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html
3102
3103# From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
3104# Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
3105# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
3106# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
3107# says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
3108# thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
3109# to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
3110# For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
3111
3112# From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
3113# This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
3114# adjustment in Cuba.  We will stay in daylight saving time:
3115# http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
3116
3117# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
3118# An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
3119# the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
3120# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
3121# "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
3122# watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning
3123# to the normal schedule....
3124
3125# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
3126# <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday,
3127# says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
3128# For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
3129# except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
3130#
3131# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
3132# Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
3133# earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
3134#
3135# He supplied these references:
3136#
3137# http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID={4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF}&language=ES
3138# http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
3139#
3140# From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25):
3141# Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
3142#
3143# Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre
3144# http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
3145#
3146# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
3147
3148# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
3149# I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
3150# Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
3151# http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
3152# a Cuban information station, and heard
3153# the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
3154# indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
3155
3156# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
3157# It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
3158# It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
3159# http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
3160#
3161# Some more background information is posted here:
3162# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
3163#
3164# The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
3165# while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
3166# 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
3167# observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
3168# which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
3169# change some historic records as well.
3170#
3171# One example:
3172# http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
3173
3174# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
3175# The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
3176# web site, the Granma.  Please check out
3177# http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
3178#
3179# Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change
3180# will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
3181
3182# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
3183# Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
3184
3185# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
3186# According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
3187# midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
3188# not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
3189#
3190# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
3191# (in Spanish)
3192
3193# From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
3194# I listened over the Internet to
3195# http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
3196# this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
3197# the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating
3198# that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
3199
3200# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):
3201# Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00
3202# this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has
3203# changed at all).
3204#
3205# Source:
3206# http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
3207#
3208# Our info:
3209# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
3210#
3211# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
3212# Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
3213# tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.
3214#
3215# One source (Spanish)
3216# http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
3217#
3218# Our page:
3219# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
3220#
3221# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
3222# According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
3223# 31 and April 1.
3224#
3225# Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):
3226# http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
3227#
3228# Our info on it:
3229# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
3230
3231# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
3232# Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
3233# to standard time on 2012-11-04:
3234# http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre
3235# From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):
3236# For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.
3237
3238# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3239Rule	Cuba	1928	only	-	Jun	10	0:00	1:00	D
3240Rule	Cuba	1928	only	-	Oct	10	0:00	0	S
3241Rule	Cuba	1940	1942	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3242Rule	Cuba	1940	1942	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
3243Rule	Cuba	1945	1946	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3244Rule	Cuba	1945	1946	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
3245Rule	Cuba	1965	only	-	Jun	1	0:00	1:00	D
3246Rule	Cuba	1965	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	S
3247Rule	Cuba	1966	only	-	May	29	0:00	1:00	D
3248Rule	Cuba	1966	only	-	Oct	2	0:00	0	S
3249Rule	Cuba	1967	only	-	Apr	8	0:00	1:00	D
3250Rule	Cuba	1967	1968	-	Sep	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
3251Rule	Cuba	1968	only	-	Apr	14	0:00	1:00	D
3252Rule	Cuba	1969	1977	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
3253Rule	Cuba	1969	1971	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3254Rule	Cuba	1972	1974	-	Oct	8	0:00	0	S
3255Rule	Cuba	1975	1977	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3256Rule	Cuba	1978	only	-	May	7	0:00	1:00	D
3257Rule	Cuba	1978	1990	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
3258Rule	Cuba	1979	1980	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	D
3259Rule	Cuba	1981	1985	-	May	Sun>=5	0:00	1:00	D
3260Rule	Cuba	1986	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=14	0:00	1:00	D
3261Rule	Cuba	1990	1997	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3262Rule	Cuba	1991	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00s	0	S
3263Rule	Cuba	1996	only	-	Oct	 6	0:00s	0	S
3264Rule	Cuba	1997	only	-	Oct	12	0:00s	0	S
3265Rule	Cuba	1998	1999	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00s	1:00	D
3266Rule	Cuba	1998	2003	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00s	0	S
3267Rule	Cuba	2000	2003	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00s	1:00	D
3268Rule	Cuba	2004	only	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00s	1:00	D
3269Rule	Cuba	2006	2010	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00s	0	S
3270Rule	Cuba	2007	only	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
3271Rule	Cuba	2008	only	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00s	1:00	D
3272Rule	Cuba	2009	2010	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
3273Rule	Cuba	2011	only	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00s	1:00	D
3274Rule	Cuba	2011	only	-	Nov	13	0:00s	0	S
3275Rule	Cuba	2012	only	-	Apr	1	0:00s	1:00	D
3276Rule	Cuba	2012	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	0:00s	0	S
3277Rule	Cuba	2013	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
3278
3279# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3280Zone	America/Havana	-5:29:28 -	LMT	1890
3281			-5:29:36 -	HMT	1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
3282			-5:00	Cuba	C%sT
3283
3284# Dominican Republic
3285
3286# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
3287# Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
3288# time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
3289# http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
3290
3291# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
3292# That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
3293
3294# From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
3295# Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
3296# November 28, 2000, with a new decree.  On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
3297# Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
3298# Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future.  The reason they
3299# decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
3300# to implement DST.  When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
3301# decided to revert.
3302
3303
3304# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3305Rule	DR	1966	only	-	Oct	30	0:00	1:00	EDT
3306Rule	DR	1967	only	-	Feb	28	0:00	0	EST
3307Rule	DR	1969	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0:30	-0430
3308Rule	DR	1970	only	-	Feb	21	0:00	0	EST
3309Rule	DR	1971	only	-	Jan	20	0:00	0	EST
3310Rule	DR	1972	1974	-	Jan	21	0:00	0	EST
3311# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3312Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 -	LMT	1890
3313			-4:40	-	SDMT	1933 Apr  1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
3314			-5:00	DR	%s	1974 Oct 27
3315			-4:00	-	AST	2000 Oct 29  2:00
3316			-5:00	US	E%sT	2000 Dec  3  1:00
3317			-4:00	-	AST
3318
3319# El Salvador
3320
3321# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3322Rule	Salv	1987	1988	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3323Rule	Salv	1987	1988	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3324# There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
3325# instead of America/San_Salvador.
3326# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3327Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 -	LMT	1921 # San Salvador
3328			-6:00	Salv	C%sT
3329
3330# Guatemala
3331#
3332# From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
3333# Diario Co Latino, at
3334# <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>,
3335# says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
3336# decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
3337# impact of the elevated cost of oil....  Daylight saving time will last from
3338# 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
3339# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
3340# The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
3341# (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00.  See
3342# http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf
3343
3344# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3345Rule	Guat	1973	only	-	Nov	25	0:00	1:00	D
3346Rule	Guat	1974	only	-	Feb	24	0:00	0	S
3347Rule	Guat	1983	only	-	May	21	0:00	1:00	D
3348Rule	Guat	1983	only	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
3349Rule	Guat	1991	only	-	Mar	23	0:00	1:00	D
3350Rule	Guat	1991	only	-	Sep	 7	0:00	0	S
3351Rule	Guat	2006	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
3352Rule	Guat	2006	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	S
3353# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3354Zone America/Guatemala	-6:02:04 -	LMT	1918 Oct 5
3355			-6:00	Guat	C%sT
3356
3357# Haiti
3358# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
3359# Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
3360# I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release
3361# on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
3362# <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>.  Translated from French, it says:
3363#
3364#  "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
3365#   and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
3366#   Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
3367#   provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
3368#   Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
3369#
3370#  "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
3371#   the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
3372#   starting at midnight.  This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
3373#   October 2005.
3374#
3375#  "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
3376#
3377# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
3378# I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
3379# last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
3380# "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
3381# next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
3382#
3383# I have found this article about it (in French):
3384# http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
3385#
3386# The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
3387
3388# From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
3389# Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
3390
3391# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):
3392# According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,
3393# apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
3394# So this means they have already changed their time.
3395#
3396# http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
3397# http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
3398#
3399# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
3400# The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
3401# 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
3402# Assume a US-style fall back as well.
3403
3404# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
3405# It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
3406# as US/Canada.  They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
3407# are going to observe DST every year now...
3408#
3409# http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
3410# http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
3411
3412# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-12):
3413# Jean Antoine, editor of www.haiti-reference.com informed us that Haiti
3414# are not going on DST this year.  Several other resources confirm this: ...
3415# https://www.radiotelevisioncaraibes.com/presse/heure_d_t_pas_de_changement_d_heure_pr_vu_pour_cet_ann_e.html
3416# https://www.vantbefinfo.com/changement-dheure-pas-pour-haiti/
3417# http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-lheure-nationale-ne-sera-ni-avancee-ni-reculee-cette-annee/
3418
3419# From Steffen Thorsen (2017-03-12):
3420# We have received 4 mails from different people telling that Haiti
3421# has started DST again today, and this source seems to confirm that,
3422# I have not been able to find a more authoritative source:
3423# https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-20319-haiti-notices-time-change-in-haiti.html
3424
3425# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3426Rule	Haiti	1983	only	-	May	8	0:00	1:00	D
3427Rule	Haiti	1984	1987	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
3428Rule	Haiti	1983	1987	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3429# Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
3430# Go with IATA.
3431Rule	Haiti	1988	1997	-	Apr	Sun>=1	1:00s	1:00	D
3432Rule	Haiti	1988	1997	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00s	0	S
3433Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3434Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3435Rule	Haiti	2012	2015	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
3436Rule	Haiti	2012	2015	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
3437Rule	Haiti	2017	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
3438Rule	Haiti	2017	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
3439# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3440Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 -	LMT	1890
3441			-4:49	-	PPMT	1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
3442			-5:00	Haiti	E%sT
3443
3444# Honduras
3445# Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
3446
3447# From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
3448# worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
3449# saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
3450# months until September.  La Tribuna reported today
3451# <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
3452# of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
3453
3454# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
3455# It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
3456# 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
3457# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
3458
3459# From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
3460# Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08).
3461# http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12
3462# It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
3463
3464# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
3465# Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
3466# published, I have located this authoritative source:
3467# http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
3468
3469# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
3470# http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
3471# So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
3472
3473# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3474Rule	Hond	1987	1988	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3475Rule	Hond	1987	1988	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3476Rule	Hond	2006	only	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3477Rule	Hond	2006	only	-	Aug	Mon>=1	0:00	0	S
3478# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3479Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 -	LMT	1921 Apr
3480			-6:00	Hond	C%sT
3481#
3482# Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
3483
3484# Jamaica
3485# Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
3486# unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
3487# island".  Go with Milne.
3488#
3489# Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but
3490# Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.
3491# Assume Neita meant Jan 6 02:00, the same as the US.  Neita also writes that
3492# Manley's supporters associated this act with Manley's nickname "Joshua"
3493# (recall that in the Bible the sun stood still at Joshua's request),
3494# and with the Rod of Correction which Manley said he had received from
3495# Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia.  See:
3496# Neita L. The politician in all of us. Jamaica Observer 2014-09-20
3497# http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
3498#
3499# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3500		#STDOFF	-5:07:10.41
3501Zone	America/Jamaica	-5:07:10 -	LMT	1890        # Kingston
3502			-5:07:10 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
3503			-5:00	-	EST	1974
3504			-5:00	US	E%sT	1984
3505			-5:00	-	EST
3506
3507# Martinique
3508# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3509Zone America/Martinique	-4:04:20 -      LMT	1890        # Fort-de-France
3510			-4:04:20 -	FFMT	1911 May  1 # Fort-de-France MT
3511			-4:00	-	AST	1980 Apr  6
3512			-4:00	1:00	ADT	1980 Sep 28
3513			-4:00	-	AST
3514
3515# Nicaragua
3516#
3517# This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
3518#
3519# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
3520# I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
3521# DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
3522# expensive petroleum.  The exact end date for DST is not yet
3523# announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
3524# Some background information is available on the President's official site:
3525# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
3526# The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
3527# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
3528#
3529# From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
3530# The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
3531# assume that it is daylight saving....
3532#
3533# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
3534# The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
3535# http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
3536# and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
3537# time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
3538# during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."...
3539# The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
3540# since December 1998.  I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
3541# changes in 2000.  Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
3542# the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
3543#
3544# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
3545# Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
3546# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
3547# (2005-09-26)
3548#
3549# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
3550# http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
3551# (my informal translation)
3552# By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua
3553# advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
3554# morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September.
3555#
3556# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
3557# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
3558# My informal translation runs:
3559# The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
3560# time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
3561#
3562# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	-	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3563Rule	Nic	1979	1980	-	Mar	Sun>=16	0:00	1:00	D
3564Rule	Nic	1979	1980	-	Jun	Mon>=23	0:00	0	S
3565Rule	Nic	2005	only	-	Apr	10	0:00	1:00	D
3566Rule	Nic	2005	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
3567Rule	Nic	2006	only	-	Apr	30	2:00	1:00	D
3568Rule	Nic	2006	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	1:00	0	S
3569# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3570Zone	America/Managua	-5:45:08 -	LMT	1890
3571			-5:45:12 -	MMT	1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
3572			-6:00	-	CST	1973 May
3573			-5:00	-	EST	1975 Feb 16
3574			-6:00	Nic	C%sT	1992 Jan  1  4:00
3575			-5:00	-	EST	1992 Sep 24
3576			-6:00	-	CST	1993
3577			-5:00	-	EST	1997
3578			-6:00	Nic	C%sT
3579
3580# Cayman Is
3581# Panama
3582#
3583# Atikokan and Coral Harbour, Canada, match Panama since 1970.
3584# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3585Zone	America/Panama	-5:18:08 -	LMT	1890
3586			-5:19:36 -	CMT	1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time
3587			-5:00	-	EST
3588
3589# Anguilla
3590# Antigua & Barbuda
3591# Aruba
3592# Caribbean Netherlands
3593# Curaçao
3594# Dominica
3595# Grenada
3596# Guadeloupe
3597# Montserrat
3598# Puerto Rico
3599# St Barthélemy
3600# St Kitts-Nevis
3601# Sint Maarten / St Martin
3602# St Lucia
3603# St Vincent & the Grenadines
3604# Trinidad & Tobago
3605# Virgin Is (UK & US)
3606#
3607# There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
3608# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3609Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 -	LMT	1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
3610			-4:00	-	AST	1942 May  3
3611			-4:00	US	A%sT	1946
3612			-4:00	-	AST
3613
3614# St Pierre and Miquelon
3615# There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
3616# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3617Zone America/Miquelon	-3:44:40 -	LMT	1911 Jun 15 # St Pierre
3618			-4:00	-	AST	1980 May
3619			-3:00	-	%z	1987
3620			-3:00	Canada	%z
3621
3622# Turks and Caicos
3623#
3624# From Chris Dunn in
3625# https://bugs.debian.org/415007
3626# (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
3627# daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
3628# the recent U.S. change of dates.
3629#
3630# From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
3631# http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
3632# there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
3633# rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
3634# "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
3635# Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
3636# indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
3637
3638# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-19):
3639# The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UT -04 year-round.  See:
3640# http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm
3641# Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST ...
3642# From Chris Walton (2014-11-04):
3643# ... the TCI government appears to have delayed the switch to
3644# "permanent daylight saving time" by one year....
3645# http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm
3646#
3647# From the Turks & Caicos Cabinet (2017-07-20), heads-up from Steffen Thorsen:
3648# ... agreed to the reintroduction in TCI of Daylight Saving Time (DST)
3649# during the summer months and Standard Time, also known as Local
3650# Time, during the winter months with effect from April 2018 ...
3651# https://www.gov.uk/government/news/turks-and-caicos-post-cabinet-meeting-statement--3
3652# From Paul Eggert (2017-08-26):
3653# The date of effect of the spring 2018 change appears to be March 11,
3654# which makes more sense.  See: Hamilton D. Time change back
3655# by March 2018 for TCI. Magnetic Media. 2017-08-25.
3656# http://magneticmediatv.com/2017/08/time-change-back-by-march-2018-for-tci/
3657#
3658# From P Chan (2020-11-27):
3659# Standard Time Declaration Order 2015 (L.N. 15/2015)
3660# http://online.fliphtml5.com/fizd/czin/#p=2
3661#
3662# Standard Time Declaration Order 2017 (L.N. 31/2017)
3663# http://online.fliphtml5.com/fizd/dmcu/#p=2
3664#
3665# From Tim Parenti (2020-12-05):
3666# Although L.N. 31/2017 reads that it "shall come into operation at 2:00 a.m.
3667# on 11th March 2018", a precise interpretation here poses some problems.  The
3668# order states that "the standard time to be observed throughout the Turks and
3669# Caicos Islands shall be the same time zone as the Eastern United States of
3670# America" and further clarifies "[f]or the avoidance of doubt" that it
3671# "applies to the Eastern Standard Time as well as any changes thereto for
3672# Daylight Saving Time."  However, as clocks in Turks and Caicos approached
3673# 02:00 -04, and thus the declared implementation time, it was still 01:00 EST
3674# (-05), as DST in the Eastern US would not start until an hour later.
3675#
3676# Since it is unlikely that those on the islands switched their clocks twice in
3677# the span of an hour, we assume instead that the adoption of EDT actually took
3678# effect once clocks in the Eastern US had sprung forward, from 03:00 -04.
3679# This discrepancy only affects the time zone abbreviation and DST flag for the
3680# intervening hour, not wall clock times, as -04 was maintained throughout.
3681
3682# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3683Zone America/Grand_Turk	-4:44:32 -	LMT	1890
3684		#STDOFF	-5:07:10.41
3685			-5:07:10 -	KMT	1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3686			-5:00	-	EST	1979
3687			-5:00	US	E%sT	2015 Mar  8  2:00
3688			-4:00	-	AST	2018 Mar 11  3:00
3689			-5:00	US	E%sT
3690
3691# Local Variables:
3692# coding: utf-8
3693# End:
3694