1# <pre> 2# @(#)africa 8.31 3# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 4# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 5 6# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 7# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 8# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). 9 10# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 11# 12# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 13# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 14# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 15# 16# Gwillim Law writes that a good source 17# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 18# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 19# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 20# of the IATA's data after 1990. 21# 22# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 23# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 24# 25# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 26# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 27# I found in the UCLA library. 28# 29# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 30# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 31# 32# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 33# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively, 34# but Mark R V Murray reports that 35# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa, 36# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and 37# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for 38# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''. 39# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference. 40# 41# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago; 42# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00, 43# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00. 44# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African 45# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara. 46# 47# To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency: 48# -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used) 49# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 50# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time 51# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time 52# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation: 53# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time 54# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00 55# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of 56# until we get more information. 57# 58# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome! 59# 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time 60# 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used) 61# 2:44:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used) 62# 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 63# 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 64# 3:00 EAT East Africa Time 65# 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 66 67# Algeria 68# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 69Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 70Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 71Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 72Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 73Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 74Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 75Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 76Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 77Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 78Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 79Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 80Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 81Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 82Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 83Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 84Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 85Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 86Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 87Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 88Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 89Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 90Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 91# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 92# more precise 0:09:21. 93# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 94Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 95 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 96 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 97 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 98 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 99 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 100 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 101 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 102 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 103 1:00 - CET 104 105# Angola 106# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 107Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 108 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time 109 1:00 - WAT 110 111# Benin 112# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; 113# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 114# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 115Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 116 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 117 1:00 - WAT 118 119# Botswana 120# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 121Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 122 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 123 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 124 2:00 - CAT 125 126# Burkina Faso 127# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 128Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912 129 0:00 - GMT 130 131# Burundi 132# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 133Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 134 2:00 - CAT 135 136# Cameroon 137# Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 138# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 139Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 140 1:00 - WAT 141 142# Cape Verde 143# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 144Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia 145 -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep 146 -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15 147 -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00 148 -1:00 - CVT 149 150# Central African Republic 151# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 152Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 153 1:00 - WAT 154 155# Chad 156# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 157Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 158 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 159 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 160 1:00 - WAT 161 162# Comoros 163# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 164Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro 165 3:00 - EAT 166 167# Democratic Republic of Congo 168# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 169Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 170 1:00 - WAT 171Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 172 2:00 - CAT 173 174# Republic of the Congo 175# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 176Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 177 1:00 - WAT 178 179# Cote D'Ivoire 180# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 181Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 182 0:00 - GMT 183 184# Djibouti 185# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 186Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 187 3:00 - EAT 188 189############################################################################### 190 191# Egypt 192 193# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 194Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 195Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 196Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 197Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 198Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 199Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 200Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 201Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 202Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 203Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 204Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 205Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 206Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 207Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 208Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 209Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 210Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 211Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 212Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 213# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 214# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 215 216# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20): 217# "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight 218# saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of 219# Egyptians would approve the cancellation." 220# 221# Egypt to cancel daylight saving time 222# <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168"> 223# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168 224# </a> 225# or 226# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html"> 227# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html 228# </a> 229Rule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 230Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 231# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 232# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 233# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 234# after observing the daylight saving time since May. 235# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 236Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 23:00s 0 - 237# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): 238# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight 239# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. 240# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] 241# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 242# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 243# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: 244# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm 245Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 23:00s 0 - 246# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): 247# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter 248# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each 249# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite 250# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by 251# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, 252# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. 253# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): 254# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. 255 256# From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): 257# The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): 258# 259# > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 260# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 261# Apr 23 262# > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 263# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = 264# Apr 24 265# > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 266# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 267# Aug 27 268# > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 269# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = 270# Aug 27 271# > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 272# 273# > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= 274# :59) 275# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ 276# 277# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. 278# 279# [1] <a href="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263"> 280# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 281# </a> 282# [2] <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53"> 283# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 284# </a> 285# [3] <a href="http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/"> 286# http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ 287# </a> 288 289# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): 290# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth 291# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday 292# in September. 293 294# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11): 295# We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet 296# Information and Decision Support Center: 297# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html"> 298# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html 299# </a> 300# 301# The Middle East News Agency 302# <a href="http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx"> 303# http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx 304# </a> 305# also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21" 306# today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT." 307# Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service, 308# and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine 309# (at least today). 310 311# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): 312# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has 313# decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during 314# Ramadan. 315# 316# Arabic translation: 317# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan--and then forward again" 318# <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again"> 319# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again 320# </a> 321# or 322# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html"> 323# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html 324# </a> 325 326Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 23:00s 0 - 327Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 23:00s 0 - 328Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 - 329Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 10 0:00 1:00 S 330Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 - 331 332# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 333Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:00 - LMT 1900 Oct 334 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 335 336# Equatorial Guinea 337# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 338Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 339 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15 340 1:00 - WAT 341 342# Eritrea 343# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 344Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 345 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time 346 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 347 3:00 - EAT 348 349# Ethiopia 350# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 351# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones 352# between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890. 353# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera. 354# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 355Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 356 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 357 3:00 - EAT 358 359# Gabon 360# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 361Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 362 1:00 - WAT 363 364# Gambia 365# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 366Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912 367 -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time 368 -1:00 - WAT 1964 369 0:00 - GMT 370 371# Ghana 372# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 373# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; 374# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 375Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST 376Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT 377# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 378Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 379 0:00 Ghana %s 380 381# Guinea 382# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 383Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912 384 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 385 -1:00 - WAT 1960 386 0:00 - GMT 387 388# Guinea-Bissau 389# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 390Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26 391 -1:00 - WAT 1975 392 0:00 - GMT 393 394# Kenya 395# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 396Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 397 3:00 - EAT 1930 398 2:30 - BEAT 1940 399 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1960 400 3:00 - EAT 401 402# Lesotho 403# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 404Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 405 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00 406 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 407 2:00 - SAST 408 409# Liberia 410# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 411# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 412# from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. 413# Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. 414# Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; 415# go with Shanks & Pottenger. 416# For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and 417# Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. 418# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 419Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 420 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 421 -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time 422 0:00 - GMT 423 424############################################################################### 425 426# Libya 427 428# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 429Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 430Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 431Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 432Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 433Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 434Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 435Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 436Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 437Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 438Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 439Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 440Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 441Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 442# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 443Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 444 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 445 2:00 - EET 1982 446 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 447# The following entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 448# the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors. 449 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 450 1:00 - CET 1997 Apr 4 451 1:00 1:00 CEST 1997 Oct 4 452 2:00 - EET 453 454# Madagascar 455# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 456Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 457 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 458 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 459 3:00 - EAT 460 461# Malawi 462# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 463Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 464 2:00 - CAT 465 466# Mali 467# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 468Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912 469 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 470 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20 471 0:00 - GMT 472 473# Mauritania 474# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 475Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 476 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 477 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28 478 0:00 - GMT 479 480# Mauritius 481 482# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): 483# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial 484# basis.... 485# It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to 486# 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... 487# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html 488 489# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): 490# http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 491 492# From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): 493# The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A 494# final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving 495# would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. 496 497# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 498# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. 499 500# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): 501# According to 502# <a href="http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216"> 503# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 504# </a> 505# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier 506# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start 507# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time 508# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). 509# 510# A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date 511# to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, 512# but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in 513# USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder 514# why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which 515# changes two days later. 516 517# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): 518# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving 519# time: Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally 520# published on Monday, June 30, 2008... 521# 522# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction 523# de l'heure d'ete" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 524# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one. 525# ... 526# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html"> 527# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html 528# </a> 529 530# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): 531# The Government of Mauritius weblink 532# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD"> 533# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 534# </a> 535# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: 536# 537# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly 538# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in 539# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of 540# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United 541# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the 542# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on 543# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the 544# year 2008 - 2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 545# and end on 29 March 2009. 546 547# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): 548# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the 549# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the 550# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. 551# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf"> 552# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf 553# </a> 554 555# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05): 556# According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe 557# DST the coming summer... 558# 559# Some sources, in French: 560# <a href="http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB"> 561# http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB 562# </a> 563# <a href="http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-"> 564# http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints- 565# </a> 566# 567# Our wrap-up: 568# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html"> 569# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html 570# </a> 571 572# From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): 573# The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this: 574# "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour 575# at 2am (or 02:00) local time..." 576 577# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 578Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S 579Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - 580Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 581Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 582# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 583Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 584 4:00 Mauritius MU%sT # Mauritius Time 585# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 586# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 587 588# Mayotte 589# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 590Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou 591 3:00 - EAT 592 593# Morocco 594# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 595 596# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 597# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between 598# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. 599# 600# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will 601# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to 602# Communication Minister and Gov ernment Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." 603# 604# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html"> 605# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html 606# </a> 607# OR 608# <a href="http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html"> 609# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html 610# </a> 611 612# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 613# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe Presse: 614# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view"> 615# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view 616# </a> 617# 618# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. 619# spokesman. 620 621# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): 622# According to this article: 623# <a href="http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html"> 624# http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html 625# </a> 626# (and republished here: 627# <a href="http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html"> 628# http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html 629# </a> 630# ) 631# the changes occurs at midnight: 632# 633# saturday night may 31st at midnight (which in french is to be 634# intrepreted as the night between saturday and sunday) 635# sunday night the 28th at midnight 636# 637# Seeing that the 28th is monday, I am guessing that she intends to say 638# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between sunday and 639# monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive 640# june1st to sept 27th. 641# 642# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree 643# published on the web. 644# 645# It's also confirmed here: 646# <a href="http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm"> 647# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm 648# </a> 649# on a government portal as being between june 1st and sept 27th (not yet 650# posted in english). 651# 652# The following google query will generate many relevant hits: 653# <a href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search"> 654# http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search 655# </a> 656 657# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 658# Is Western Sahara (part which administrated by Morocco) going to follow 659# Morocco DST changes? Any information? What about other part of 660# Western Sahara - under administration of POLISARIO Front (also named 661# SADR Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic)? 662 663# From Arthur David Olson (2008-05-09): 664# XXX--guess that it is only Morocco for now; guess only 2008 for now. 665 666# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): 667# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 668# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end 669# of September: 670# 671# One article about it (in French): 672# <a href="http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default"> 673# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default 674# </a> 675# 676# We have some further details posted here: 677# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html"> 678# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html 679# </a> 680 681# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): 682# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according 683# to many sources, such as 684# <a href="http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html"> 685# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html 686# </a> 687# <a href="http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312"> 688# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 689# </a> 690# (French) 691# 692# Our summary: 693# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html"> 694# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html 695# </a> 696 697# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 698# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, 699# Ministere de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics 700# 701# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 june 1967) 702# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of 703# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be 704# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. 705# 706# <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf"> 707# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf 708# </a> 709# 710# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html"> 711# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html 712# </a> 713 714# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13): 715# Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization 716# of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from 717# 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08. 718# 719# Example: 720# <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html"> 721# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html 722# </a> 723# (French) 724# Our page: 725# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html"> 726# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html 727# </a> 728 729# From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30): 730# ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format) 731# The 3rd april 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd april 1:00:00 732# The 31th july 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31th July 00:00:00 733# ...Official links of change in morocco 734# The change was broadcast on the FM Radio 735# I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at 736# +212.537.71.84.00 737# <a href="http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/"> 738# http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/ 739# </a> 740# They said that 741# <a href="http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view"> 742# http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view 743# </a> 744# is the official publication to look at. 745# They said that the decision was already taken. 746# 747# More articles in the press 748# <a href="http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev"> 749# http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev 750# </a> 751# e.html 752# <a href="http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923"> 753# http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923 754# </a> 755# <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim"> 756# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim 757# anche-prochain-5538.html 758# </a> 759 760# From Petr Machata (2011-03-30): 761# They have it written in English here: 762# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view"> 763# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view 764# </a> 765# 766# It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31, 767# 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of 768# wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has 769# also been like that in the past. 770 771# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 772 773Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S 774Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 775Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S 776Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 777Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S 778Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 779Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S 780Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 781Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S 782Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 783Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 784Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 785Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 786Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 787Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 788Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 789Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 790Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 791Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - 792Rule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S 793Rule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 - 794Rule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 795Rule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0 0 - 796# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 797Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 798 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 799 1:00 - CET 1986 800 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 801# Western Sahara 802Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan 803 -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14 804 0:00 - WET 805 806# Mozambique 807# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 808Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 809 2:00 - CAT 810 811# Namibia 812# The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger. 813# Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA. 814 815# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30) in 816# <http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html>: 817# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other 818# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there 819# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of 820# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of 821# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest 822# of the country. 823# 824# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31): 825# Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but 826# we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. 827 828# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 829Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 830Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 831# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 832Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 833 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 834 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 835 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 836 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 837 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3 838 1:00 Namibia WA%sT 839 840# Niger 841# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 842Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 843 -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 844 0:00 - GMT 1960 845 1:00 - WAT 846 847# Nigeria 848# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 849Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 850 1:00 - WAT 851 852# Reunion 853# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 854Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 855 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time 856# 857# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows. 858# The following information about them is taken from 859# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French; 860# no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 861# We have no info about their time zone histories. 862# 863# Bassas da India - uninhabited 864# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 865# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 866# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 867# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 868 869# Rwanda 870# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 871Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 872 2:00 - CAT 873 874# St Helena 875# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 876Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 877 -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time 878 0:00 - GMT 879# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 880# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 881# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA 882# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 883# on GMT, says the CIA 884# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT 885 886# Sao Tome and Principe 887# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 888Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 889 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time 890 0:00 - GMT 891 892# Senegal 893# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 894Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912 895 -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun 896 0:00 - GMT 897 898# Seychelles 899# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 900Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 901 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time 902# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 903# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 904# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 905# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 906# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 907# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 908 909# Sierra Leone 910# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 911# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 912Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST 913Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT 914Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST 915Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT 916# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 917Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882 918 -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time 919 -1:00 SL %s 1957 920 0:00 SL %s 921 922# Somalia 923# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 924Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov 925 3:00 - EAT 1931 926 2:30 - BEAT 1957 927 3:00 - EAT 928 929# South Africa 930# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 931Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 932Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 933# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 934Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 935 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 936 2:00 SA SAST 937# Marion and Prince Edward Is 938# scientific station since 1947 939# no information 940 941# Sudan 942# 943# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html"> 944# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13) 945# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 946# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 947# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 948# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 949# 950# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 951Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 952Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 953Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 954Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 955# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 956Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 957 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 958 3:00 - EAT 959 960# Swaziland 961# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 962Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 963 2:00 - SAST 964 965# Tanzania 966# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 967Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 968 3:00 - EAT 1948 969 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1961 970 3:00 - EAT 971 972# Togo 973# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 974Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893 975 0:00 - GMT 976 977# Tunisia 978 979# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 980# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 981# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 982# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 983# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 984# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 985# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 986# Saturday." (My translation) 987# 988# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 989# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ... 990# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html> 991# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 992# 1h standard time. 993# 994# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 995# The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 996# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 997# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 998# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 999 1000# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): 1001# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. 1002# (Arabic) 1003# <a href="http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546"> 1004# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 1005# </a> 1006# <a href="http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp"> 1007# http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp 1008# </a> 1009# 1010# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. 1011# We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: 1012# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html"> 1013# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html 1014# </a> 1015 1016# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 1017# Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency 1018# 1019# Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): 1020# 1021# (in English) 1022# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157"> 1023# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 1024# </a> 1025# 1026# (in Arabic) 1027# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1"> 1028# http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 1029# </a> 1030 1031# From Arthur David Olson (2009--3-18): 1032# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is due to the fact 1033# that the fasting month of ramadan coincides with the period concerned by summer time. 1034# Therefore, the standard time will be kept unchanged the whole year long." 1035# So foregoing DST seems to be an exception (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). 1036 1037# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27): 1038# According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010 1039# 1040# (translation): 1041# "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on 1042# Sunday... 1043# Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also 1044# coincided with the month of Ramadan..." 1045# 1046# (in Arabic) 1047# <a href="http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1"> 1048# http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1 1049# <a href="http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036"> 1050# http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036 1051# or 1052# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html"> 1053# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html 1054 1055# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1056Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 1057Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 1058Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 1059Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 1060Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 1061Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 1062Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 1063Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 1064Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 1065Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1066Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 1067Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1068Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1069Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 1070Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 1071Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1072Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 1073Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1074Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 1075Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 1076Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1077Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1078Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 1079Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1080Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1081 1082# Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 1083# more precise 0:09:21. 1084# Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. 1085# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1086Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 1087 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 1088 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 1089 1090# Uganda 1091# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1092Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul 1093 3:00 - EAT 1930 1094 2:30 - BEAT 1948 1095 2:44:45 - BEAUT 1957 1096 3:00 - EAT 1097 1098# Zambia 1099# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1100Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar 1101 2:00 - CAT 1102 1103# Zimbabwe 1104# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1105Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar 1106 2:00 - CAT 1107