1# tzdb data for Africa and environs 2 3# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 4# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 5 6# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 7# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 8# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see 9# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. 10 11# From Paul Eggert (2018-05-27): 12# 13# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: 14# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 15# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 16# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. 17# 18# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source 19# for time zone data was the International Air Transport 20# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 21# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 22# of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, 23# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. 24# 25# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 26# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 27# I found in the UCLA library. 28# 29# For data circa 1899, a common source is: 30# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94. 31# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 32# 33# European-style abbreviations are commonly used along the Mediterranean. 34# For sub-Saharan Africa abbreviations were less standardized. 35# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 36# for UT +00 through +03, respectively, 37# but in 1997 Mark R V Murray reported that 38# 'SAST' is the official abbreviation for +02 in the country of South Africa, 39# 'CAT' is commonly used for +02 in countries north of South Africa, and 40# 'WAT' is probably the best name for +01, as the common phrase for 41# the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa". 42# 43# To summarize, the following abbreviations seemed to have some currency: 44# +00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 45# +02 CAT Central Africa Time 46# +02 SAST South Africa Standard Time 47# and Murray suggested the following abbreviation: 48# +01 WAT West Africa Time 49# Murray's suggestion seems to have caught on in news reports and the like. 50# I vaguely recall 'WAT' also being used for -01 in the past but 51# cannot now come up with solid citations. 52# 53# I invented the following abbreviations in the 1990s: 54# +02 WAST West Africa Summer Time 55# +03 CAST Central Africa Summer Time 56# +03 SAST South Africa Summer Time 57# +03 EAT East Africa Time 58# 'EAT' seems to have caught on and is in current timestamps, and though 59# the other abbreviations are rarer and are only in past timestamps, 60# they are paired with better-attested non-DST abbreviations. 61# Corrections are welcome. 62 63# Algeria 64# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 65Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 66Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 67Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 68Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 69Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 70Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 71Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 72Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 73Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 74Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 75Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 76Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 77Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 78Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 79Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 80Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 81Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 82Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 83Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 84Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 85Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 86Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 87# See Europe/Paris for PMT-related transitions. 88# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 89Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 16 90 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 91 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 92 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 93 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 94 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 95 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 96 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 97 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 98 1:00 - CET 99 100# Angola 101# Benin 102# See Africa/Lagos. 103 104# Botswana 105# See Africa/Maputo. 106 107# Burkina Faso 108# See Africa/Abidjan. 109 110# Burundi 111# See Africa/Maputo. 112 113# Cameroon 114# See Africa/Lagos. 115 116# Cape Verde / Cabo Verde 117# 118# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16): 119# Shanks gives 1907 for the transition to +02. 120# For now, ignore that and follow the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree 121# (see Europe/Lisbon). 122# 123# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 124Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1912 Jan 01 2:00u # Praia 125 -2:00 - -02 1942 Sep 126 -2:00 1:00 -01 1945 Oct 15 127 -2:00 - -02 1975 Nov 25 2:00 128 -1:00 - -01 129 130# Central African Republic 131# See Africa/Lagos. 132 133# Chad 134# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 135Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 # N'Djamena 136 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 137 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 138 1:00 - WAT 139 140# Comoros 141# See Africa/Nairobi. 142 143# Democratic Republic of the Congo 144# See Africa/Lagos for the western part and Africa/Maputo for the eastern. 145 146# Republic of the Congo 147# See Africa/Lagos. 148 149# Côte d'Ivoire / Ivory Coast 150# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 151Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 152 0:00 - GMT 153 154# Djibouti 155# See Africa/Nairobi. 156 157############################################################################### 158 159# Egypt 160 161# Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh 162# observatory; round to nearest. Milne also says that the official time for 163# Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this 164# did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said. 165 166# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 167Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 168Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 169Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 170Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 171Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 172Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 173Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 174Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 175Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 176Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 177Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 178Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 179Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 180Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 181Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 182Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 183Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 184Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 185Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 186# IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 187# Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 188 189# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20): 190# "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight 191# saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of 192# Egyptians would approve the cancellation." 193# 194# Egypt to cancel daylight saving time 195# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168 196# or 197# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html 198Rule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 199Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 200# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 201# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 202# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 203# after observing the daylight saving time since May. 204# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 205Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 206# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): 207# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight 208# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. 209# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] 210# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 211# https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 212# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: 213# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm 214Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 24:00 0 - 215# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): 216# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter 217# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each 218# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite 219# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by 220# shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, 221# unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. 222# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): 223# For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. 224 225# From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): 226# The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): 227# 228# > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 229# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 230# Apr 23 231# > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 232# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = 233# Apr 24 234# > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 235# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 236# Aug 27 237# > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 238# > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = 239# Aug 27 240# > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 241# 242# > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= 243# :59) 244# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ 245# 246# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. 247# 248# [1] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 249# [2] https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 250# [3] https://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ 251 252# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): 253# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth 254# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday 255# in September. 256 257# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11): 258# We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet 259# Information and Decision Support Center: 260# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html 261# 262# The Middle East News Agency 263# https://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx 264# also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21" 265# today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT." 266# Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service, 267# and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine 268# (at least today). 269 270# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): 271# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has 272# decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during 273# Ramadan. 274# 275# Arabic translation: 276# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan - and then forward again" 277# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again 278# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html 279 280# From Ahmad El-Dardiry (2014-05-07): 281# Egypt is to change back to Daylight system on May 15 282# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/100735/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-government-to-reapply-daylight-saving-time-.aspx 283 284# From Gunther Vermier (2014-05-13): 285# our Egypt office confirms that the change will be at 15 May "midnight" (24:00) 286 287# From Imed Chihi (2014-06-04): 288# We have finally "located" a precise official reference about the DST changes 289# in Egypt. The Ministers Cabinet decision is explained at 290# http://www.cabinet.gov.eg/Media/CabinetMeetingsDetails.aspx?id=347 ... 291# [T]his (Arabic) site is not accessible outside Egypt, but the page ... 292# translates into: "With regard to daylight saving time, it is scheduled to 293# take effect at exactly twelve o'clock this evening, Thursday, 15 MAY 2014, 294# to be suspended by twelve o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 26 JUN 2014, 295# and re-established again at the end of the month of Ramadan, at twelve 296# o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 31 JUL 2014." This statement has been 297# reproduced by other (more accessible) sites[, e.g.,]... 298# http://elgornal.net/news/news.aspx?id=4699258 299 300# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-04): 301# Sarah El Deeb and Lee Keath of AP report that the Egyptian government says 302# the change is because of blackouts in Cairo, even though Ahram Online (cited 303# above) says DST had no affect on electricity consumption. There is 304# no information about when DST will end this fall. See: 305# http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/el-sissi-pushes-egyptians-line-23614833 306 307# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-04-08): 308# Egypt will start DST on midnight after Thursday, April 30, 2015. 309# This is based on a law (no 35) from May 15, 2014 saying it starts the last 310# Thursday of April.... Clocks will still be turned back for Ramadan, but 311# dates not yet announced.... 312# http://almogaz.com/news/weird-news/2015/04/05/1947105 ... 313# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-starts-dst-2015.html 314 315# From Ahmed Nazmy (2015-04-20): 316# Egypt's ministers cabinet just announced ... that it will cancel DST at 317# least for 2015. 318# 319# From Tim Parenti (2015-04-20): 320# http://english.ahram.org.eg/WriterArticles/NewsContentP/1/128195/Egypt/No-daylight-saving-this-summer-Egypts-prime-minist.aspx 321# "Egypt's cabinet agreed on Monday not to switch clocks for daylight saving 322# time this summer, and carry out studies on the possibility of canceling the 323# practice altogether in future years." 324# 325# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-24): 326# Yesterday the office of Egyptian President El-Sisi announced his 327# decision to abandon DST permanently. See Ahram Online 2015-04-24. 328# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/128509/Egypt/Politics-/Sisi-cancels-daylight-saving-time-in-Egypt.aspx 329 330# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-04-29): 331# Egypt will have DST from July 7 until the end of October.... 332# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentP/1/204655/Egypt/Daylight-savings-time-returning-to-Egypt-on--July.aspx 333# From Mina Samuel (2016-07-04): 334# Egyptian government took the decision to cancel the DST, 335 336Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 24:00 0 - 337Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 24:00 0 - 338Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 10 24:00 0 - 339Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 9 24:00 1:00 S 340Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 341Rule Egypt 2014 only - May 15 24:00 1:00 S 342Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jun 26 24:00 0 - 343Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jul 31 24:00 1:00 S 344Rule Egypt 2014 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 345 346# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 347Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:09 - LMT 1900 Oct 348 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 349 350# Equatorial Guinea 351# See Africa/Lagos. 352 353# Eritrea 354# See Africa/Nairobi. 355 356# Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) 357# See Africa/Johannesburg. 358 359# Ethiopia 360# See Africa/Nairobi. 361# 362# Unfortunately tzdb records only Western clock time in use in Ethiopia, 363# as the tzdb format is not up to properly recording a common Ethiopian 364# timekeeping practice that is based on solar time. See: 365# Mortada D. If you have a meeting in Ethiopia, you'd better double 366# check the time. PRI's The World. 2015-01-30 15:15 -05. 367# https://www.pri.org/stories/2015-01-30/if-you-have-meeting-ethiopia-you-better-double-check-time 368 369# Gabon 370# See Africa/Lagos. 371 372# The Gambia 373# Ghana 374# Guinea 375# See Africa/Abidjan. 376 377# Guinea-Bissau 378# 379# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-16): 380# Shanks gives 1911-05-26 for the transition to WAT, 381# evidently confusing the date of the Portuguese decree 382# (see Europe/Lisbon) with the date that it took effect. 383# 384# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 385Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u 386 -1:00 - -01 1975 387 0:00 - GMT 388 389# Kenya 390 391# From P Chan (2020-10-24): 392# 393# The standard time of GMT+2:30 was adopted in the East Africa Protectorate.... 394# [The Official Gazette, 1908-05-01, p 274] 395# https://books.google.com/books?id=e-cAC-sjPSEC&pg=PA274 396# 397# At midnight on 30 June 1928 the clocks throughout Kenya was put forward 398# half an hour by the Alteration of Time Ordinance, 1928. 399# https://gazettes.africa/archive/ke/1928/ke-government-gazette-dated-1928-05-11-no-28.pdf 400# [Ordinance No. 11 of 1928, The Offical Gazette, 1928-06-26, p 813] 401# https://books.google.com/books?id=2S0S6os32ZUC&pg=PA813 402# 403# The 1928 ordinance was repealed by the Alteration of Time (repeal) Ordinance, 404# 1929 and the time was restored to GMT+2:30 at midnight on 4 January 1930. 405# [Ordinance No. 97 of 1929, The Official Gazette, 1929-12-31, p 2701] 406# https://books.google.com/books?id=_g18jIZQlwwC&pg=PA2701 407# 408# The Alteration of Time Ordinance, 1936 changed the time to GMT+2:45 409# and repealed the previous ordinance at midnight on 31 December 1936. 410# [The Official Gazette, 1936-07-21, p 705] 411# https://books.google.com/books?id=K7j41z0aC5wC&pg=PA705 412# 413# The Defence (Amendment of Laws No. 120) Regulations changed the time 414# to GMT+3 at midnight on 31 July 1942. 415# [Kenya Official Gazette Supplement No. 32, 1942-07-21, p 331] 416# https://books.google.com/books?hl=zh-TW&id=c_E-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA331 417# The provision of the 1936 ordinance was not repealed and was later 418# incorporated in the Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance in 1948. 419# Although it was overridden by the 1942 regulations. 420# [The Laws of Kenya in force on 1948-09-21, Title I, Chapter 1, 31] 421# https://dds.crl.edu/item/217517 (p.101) 422# In 1950 the Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance was amended to adopt 423# GMT+3 permanently as the 1942 regulations were due to expire on 10 December. 424# https://books.google.com/books?id=jvR8mUDAwR0C&pg=PA787 425# [Ordinance No. 44 of 1950, Kenya Ordinances 1950, Vol. XXIX, p 294] 426# https://books.google.com/books?id=-_dQAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA294 427 428# From Paul Eggert (2020-10-24): 429# The 1908-05-01 announcement does not give an effective date, 430# so just say "1908 May". 431 432# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 433Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1908 May 434 2:30 - +0230 1928 Jun 30 24:00 435 3:00 - EAT 1930 Jan 4 24:00 436 2:30 - +0230 1936 Dec 31 24:00 437 2:45 - +0245 1942 Jul 31 24:00 438 3:00 - EAT 439 440# Lesotho 441# See Africa/Johannesburg. 442 443# Liberia 444# 445# From Paul Eggert (2017-03-02): 446# 447# The Nautical Almanac for the Year 1970, p 264, is the source for -0:44:30. 448# 449# In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch from a UT offset 450# that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. The 1972 change was on 451# 1972-01-07, according to an entry dated 1972-01-04 on p 330 of: 452# Presidential Papers: First year of the administration of 453# President William R. Tolbert, Jr., July 23, 1971-July 31, 1972. 454# Monrovia: Executive Mansion. 455# 456# Use the abbreviation "MMT" before 1972, as the more-accurate numeric 457# abbreviation "-004430" would be one byte over the POSIX limit. 458# 459# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 460Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 461 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 462 -0:44:30 - MMT 1972 Jan 7 # approximately MMT 463 0:00 - GMT 464 465############################################################################### 466 467# Libya 468 469# From Even Scharning (2012-11-10): 470# Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10. 471# https://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/ 472# Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc 473# 474# Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in 475# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html 476# 477# From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11): 478# Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1. 479# The DST rules planned for 2013 and onward roughly mirror those of Europe 480# (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on 481# lastFri instead of lastSun). 482 483# From Even Scharning (2013-10-25): 484# The scheduled end of DST in Libya on Friday, October 25, 2013 was 485# cancelled yesterday.... 486# https://www.libyaherald.com/2013/10/24/correction-no-time-change-tomorrow/ 487# 488# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-25): 489# For now, assume they're reverting to the pre-2012 rules of permanent UT +02. 490 491# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 492Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 493Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 494Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 495Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 496Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 497Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 498Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 499Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 500Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 501Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 502Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 503Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 504Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 505Rule Libya 1997 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 506Rule Libya 1997 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 507Rule Libya 2013 only - Mar lastFri 1:00 1:00 S 508Rule Libya 2013 only - Oct lastFri 2:00 0 - 509# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 510Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 511 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 512 2:00 - EET 1982 513 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 514# The 1996 and 1997 entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 515# the IATA SSIM data entries contain some obvious errors. 516 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 517 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1997 Oct 4 518 2:00 - EET 2012 Nov 10 2:00 519 1:00 Libya CE%sT 2013 Oct 25 2:00 520 2:00 - EET 521 522# Madagascar 523# See Africa/Nairobi. 524 525# Malawi 526# See Africa/Maputo. 527 528# Mali 529# Mauritania 530# See Africa/Abidjan. 531 532# Mauritius 533 534# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): 535# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial 536# basis.... 537# It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to 538# 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... 539# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html 540 541# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): 542# http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 543 544# From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): 545# The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A 546# final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving 547# would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. 548 549# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 550# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. 551 552# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): 553# According to 554# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 555# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier 556# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start 557# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time 558# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). 559# 560# A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date 561# to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, 562# but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in 563# USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder 564# why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which 565# changes two days later. 566 567# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): 568# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving 569# time: Energy conservation?"- No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally 570# published on Monday, June 30, 2008... 571# 572# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction 573# de l'heure d'été" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 574# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one.... 575# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html 576 577# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): 578# The Government of Mauritius weblink 579# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 580# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: 581# 582# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly 583# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in 584# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of 585# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United 586# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the 587# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on 588# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the 589# year 2008-2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 590# and end on 29 March 2009. 591 592# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): 593# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the 594# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the 595# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. 596# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf 597 598# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05): 599# According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe 600# DST the coming summer... 601# 602# Some sources, in French: 603# http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB 604# http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints- 605# 606# Our wrap-up: 607# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html 608 609# From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): 610# The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this: 611# "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour 612# at 2am (or 02:00) local time..." 613 614# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 615Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 - 616Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - 617Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 - 618Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 619# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 620Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 621 4:00 Mauritius +04/+05 622# Agalega Is, Rodriguez 623# no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 624 625# Mayotte 626# See Africa/Nairobi. 627 628# Morocco 629# See Africa/Ceuta for Spanish Morocco. 630 631# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 632# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between 633# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. 634# 635# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will 636# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to 637# Communication Minister and Government Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." 638# 639# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html 640# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html 641 642# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 643# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe 644# Presse: 645# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view 646# 647# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. 648# spokesman. 649 650# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): 651# According to this article: 652# https://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html 653# (and republished here: <http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html>) 654# the changes occur at midnight: 655# 656# Saturday night May 31st at midnight (which in French is to be 657# interpreted as the night between Saturday and Sunday) 658# Sunday night the 28th at midnight 659# 660# Seeing that the 28th is Monday, I am guessing that she intends to say 661# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between Sunday and 662# Monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive 663# June 1st to Sept 27th. 664# 665# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree 666# published on the web. 667# 668# It's also confirmed here: 669# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm 670# on a government portal as being between June 1st and Sept 27th (not yet 671# posted in English). 672# 673# The following Google query will generate many relevant hits: 674# https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search 675 676# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): 677# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 678# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end 679# of September: 680# 681# One article about it (in French): 682# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default 683# 684# We have some further details posted here: 685# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html 686 687# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): 688# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according 689# to many sources, such as 690# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html 691# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 692# (French) 693# 694# Our summary: 695# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html 696 697# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 698# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, 699# Ministère de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics 700# 701# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 June 1967) 702# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of 703# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be 704# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. 705# 706# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf 707# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html 708 709# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13): 710# Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization 711# of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from 712# 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08. 713# 714# Example: 715# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html 716# (French) 717# Our page: 718# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html 719 720# From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30): 721# ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format) 722# The 3rd April 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd April 01:00:00 723# The 31st July 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31st July 00:00:00 724# ...Official links of change in morocco 725# The change was broadcast on the FM Radio 726# I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at 727# +212.537.71.84.00 728# http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/ 729# They said that 730# http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view 731# is the official publication to look at. 732# They said that the decision was already taken. 733# 734# More articles in the press 735# https://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-leve.html 736# http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923 737# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim 738 739# From Petr Machata (2011-03-30): 740# They have it written in English here: 741# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view 742# 743# It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31, 744# 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of 745# wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has 746# also been like that in the past. 747 748# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-03-09): 749# According to Infomédiaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma), 750# on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure légale: 751# Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'été 752# http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9 753# Governing Council adopted draft decree, that Morocco DST starts on 754# the last Sunday of March (March 25, 2012) and ends on 755# last Sunday of September (September 30, 2012) 756# except the month of Ramadan. 757# or (brief) 758# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html 759 760# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-10): 761# The infomediaire.ma source indicates that the system is to be in 762# effect every year. It gives 03H00 as the "fall back" time of day; 763# it lacks a "spring forward" time of day; assume 2:00 XXX. 764# Wait on specifying the Ramadan exception for details about 765# start date, start time of day, end date, and end time of day XXX. 766 767# From Christophe Tropamer (2012-03-16): 768# Seen Morocco change again: 769# http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php 770# "...à partir du dernier dimanche d'avril et non fins mars, 771# comme annoncé précédemment." 772 773# From Milamber Space Network (2012-07-17): 774# The official return to GMT is announced by the Moroccan government: 775# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 [in French] 776# 777# Google translation, lightly edited: 778# Back to the standard time of the Kingdom (GMT) 779# Pursuant to Decree No. 2-12-126 issued on 26 Jumada (I) 1433 (April 18, 780# 2012) and in accordance with the order of Mr. President of the 781# Government No. 3-47-12 issued on 24 Sha'ban (11 July 2012), the Ministry 782# of Public Service and Administration Modernization announces the return 783# of the legal time of the Kingdom (GMT) from Friday, July 20, 2012 until 784# Monday, August 20, 2012. So the time will be delayed by 60 minutes from 785# 3:00 am Friday, July 20, 2012 and will again be advanced by 60 minutes 786# August 20, 2012 from 2:00 am. 787 788# From Paul Eggert (2013-03-06): 789# Morocco's daylight-saving transitions due to Ramadan seem to be 790# announced a bit in advance. On 2012-07-11 the Moroccan government 791# announced that year's Ramadan daylight-saving transitions would be 792# 2012-07-20 and 2012-08-20; see 793# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 794 795# From Andrew Paprocki (2013-07-02): 796# Morocco announced that the year's Ramadan daylight-savings 797# transitions would be 2013-07-07 and 2013-08-10; see: 798# http://www.maroc.ma/en/news/morocco-suspends-daylight-saving-time-july-7-aug10 799 800# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-28): 801# Morocco extends DST by one month, on very short notice, just 1 day 802# before it was going to end. There is a new decree (2.13.781) for 803# this, where DST from now on goes from last Sunday of March at 02:00 804# to last Sunday of October at 03:00, similar to EU rules. Official 805# source (French): 806# http://www.maroc.gov.ma/fr/actualites/lhoraire-dete-gmt1-maintenu-jusquau-27-octobre-2013 807# Another source (specifying the time for start and end in the decree): 808# http://www.lemag.ma/Heure-d-ete-au-Maroc-jusqu-au-27-octobre_a75620.html 809 810# From Sebastien Willemijns (2014-03-18): 811# http://www.afriquinfos.com/articles/2014/3/18/maroc-heure-dete-avancez-tous-horloges-247891.asp 812 813# From Milamber Space Network (2014-06-05): 814# The Moroccan government has recently announced that the country will return 815# to standard time at 03:00 on Saturday, June 28, 2014 local time.... DST 816# will resume again at 02:00 on Saturday, August 2, 2014.... 817# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=586 818 819# From Milamber (2015-06-08): 820# (Google Translation) The hour will thus be delayed 60 minutes 821# Sunday, June 14 at 3:00, the ministry said in a statement, adding 822# that the time will be advanced again 60 minutes Sunday, July 19, 823# 2015 at 2:00. The move comes under 2.12.126 Decree of 26 Jumada I 824# 1433 (18 April 2012) and the decision of the Head of Government of 825# 16 N. 3-29-15 Chaaban 1435 (4 June 2015). 826# Source (french): 827# https://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/ 828# 829# From Milamber (2015-06-09): 830# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=863 831# 832# From Michael Deckers (2015-06-09): 833# [The gov.ma announcement] would (probably) make the switch on 2015-07-19 go 834# from 03:00 to 04:00 rather than from 02:00 to 03:00, as in the patch.... 835# I think the patch is correct and the quoted text is wrong; the text in 836# <https://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/> agrees 837# with the patch. 838 839# From Mohamed Essedik Najd (2018-10-26): 840# Today, a Moroccan government council approved the perpetual addition 841# of 60 minutes to the regular Moroccan timezone. 842# From Matt Johnson (2018-10-28): 843# http://www.sgg.gov.ma/Portals/1/BO/2018/BO_6720-bis_Ar.pdf 844# 845# From Maamar Abdelkader (2018-11-01): 846# We usually move clocks back the previous week end and come back to the +1 847# the week end after.... The government does not announce yet the decision 848# about this temporary change. But it s 99% sure that it will be the case, 849# as in previous years. An unofficial survey was done these days, showing 850# that 64% of asked people are ok for moving from +1 to +0 during Ramadan. 851# https://leconomiste.com/article/1035870-enquete-l-economiste-sunergia-64-des-marocains-plebiscitent-le-gmt-pendant-ramadan 852 853# From Naoufal Semlali (2019-04-16): 854# Morocco will be on GMT starting from Sunday, May 5th 2019 at 3am. 855# The switch to GMT+1 will occur on Sunday, June 9th 2019 at 2am.... 856# http://fr.le360.ma/societe/voici-la-date-du-retour-a-lheure-legale-au-maroc-188222 857 858# From Semlali Naoufal (2020-04-14): 859# Following the announcement by the Moroccan government, the switch to 860# GMT time will take place on Sunday, April 19, 2020 from 3 a.m. and 861# the return to GMT+1 time will take place on Sunday, May 31, 2020 at 2 a.m.... 862# https://maroc-diplomatique.net/maroc-le-retour-a-lheure-gmt-est-prevu-dimanche-prochain/ 863# http://aujourdhui.ma/actualite/gmt1-retour-a-lheure-normale-dimanche-prochain-1 864# 865# From Milamber (2020-05-31) 866# In Morocco (where I live), the end of Ramadan (Arabic month) is followed by 867# the Eid al-Fitr, and concretely it's 1 or 2 day offs for the people (with 868# traditional visiting of family, big lunches/dinners, etc.). So for this 869# year the astronomical calculations don't include the following 2 days off in 870# the calc. These 2 days fall in a Sunday/Monday, so it's not acceptable by 871# people to have a time shift during these 2 days off. Perhaps you can modify 872# the (predicted) rules for next years: if the end of Ramadan is a (probable) 873# Friday or Saturday (and so the 2 days off are on a weekend), the next time 874# shift will be the next weekend. 875# 876# From Paul Eggert (2020-05-31): 877# For now, guess that in the future Morocco will fall back at 03:00 878# the last Sunday before Ramadan, and spring forward at 02:00 the 879# first Sunday after two days after Ramadan. To implement this, 880# transition dates and times for 2019 through 2087 were determined by 881# running the following program under GNU Emacs 26.3. (This algorithm 882# also produces the correct transition dates for 2016 through 2018, 883# though the times differ due to Morocco's time zone change in 2018.) 884# (let ((islamic-year 1440)) 885# (require 'cal-islam) 886# (while (< islamic-year 1511) 887# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))) 888# (b (+ 2 (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))) 889# (sunday 0)) 890# (while (/= sunday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7))) 891# (while (/= sunday (mod b 7)) 892# (setq b (1+ b))) 893# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a)) 894# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b)) 895# (insert 896# (format 897# (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 3:00\t-1:00\t-\n" 898# "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 2:00\t0\t-\n") 899# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a)) 900# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b))))) 901# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year)))) 902 903# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 904Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 - 905Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 906Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 - 907Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 908Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 - 909Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 910Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 - 911Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 912Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 - 913Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 914Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 - 915Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 916Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 917Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - 918Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 919Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - 920Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 921Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - 922Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - 923Rule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 - 924Rule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 - 925Rule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 - 926Rule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0:00 0 - 927Rule Morocco 2012 2013 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 - 928Rule Morocco 2012 only - Jul 20 3:00 0 - 929Rule Morocco 2012 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 - 930Rule Morocco 2012 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 931Rule Morocco 2013 only - Jul 7 3:00 0 - 932Rule Morocco 2013 only - Aug 10 2:00 1:00 - 933Rule Morocco 2013 2018 - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - 934Rule Morocco 2014 2018 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 - 935Rule Morocco 2014 only - Jun 28 3:00 0 - 936Rule Morocco 2014 only - Aug 2 2:00 1:00 - 937Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jun 14 3:00 0 - 938Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jul 19 2:00 1:00 - 939Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jun 5 3:00 0 - 940Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jul 10 2:00 1:00 - 941Rule Morocco 2017 only - May 21 3:00 0 - 942Rule Morocco 2017 only - Jul 2 2:00 1:00 - 943Rule Morocco 2018 only - May 13 3:00 0 - 944Rule Morocco 2018 only - Jun 17 2:00 1:00 - 945Rule Morocco 2019 only - May 5 3:00 -1:00 - 946Rule Morocco 2019 only - Jun 9 2:00 0 - 947Rule Morocco 2020 only - Apr 19 3:00 -1:00 - 948Rule Morocco 2020 only - May 31 2:00 0 - 949Rule Morocco 2021 only - Apr 11 3:00 -1:00 - 950Rule Morocco 2021 only - May 16 2:00 0 - 951Rule Morocco 2022 only - Mar 27 3:00 -1:00 - 952Rule Morocco 2022 only - May 8 2:00 0 - 953Rule Morocco 2023 only - Mar 19 3:00 -1:00 - 954Rule Morocco 2023 only - Apr 30 2:00 0 - 955Rule Morocco 2024 only - Mar 10 3:00 -1:00 - 956Rule Morocco 2024 only - Apr 14 2:00 0 - 957Rule Morocco 2025 only - Feb 23 3:00 -1:00 - 958Rule Morocco 2025 only - Apr 6 2:00 0 - 959Rule Morocco 2026 only - Feb 15 3:00 -1:00 - 960Rule Morocco 2026 only - Mar 22 2:00 0 - 961Rule Morocco 2027 only - Feb 7 3:00 -1:00 - 962Rule Morocco 2027 only - Mar 14 2:00 0 - 963Rule Morocco 2028 only - Jan 23 3:00 -1:00 - 964Rule Morocco 2028 only - Mar 5 2:00 0 - 965Rule Morocco 2029 only - Jan 14 3:00 -1:00 - 966Rule Morocco 2029 only - Feb 18 2:00 0 - 967Rule Morocco 2029 only - Dec 30 3:00 -1:00 - 968Rule Morocco 2030 only - Feb 10 2:00 0 - 969Rule Morocco 2030 only - Dec 22 3:00 -1:00 - 970Rule Morocco 2031 only - Feb 2 2:00 0 - 971Rule Morocco 2031 only - Dec 14 3:00 -1:00 - 972Rule Morocco 2032 only - Jan 18 2:00 0 - 973Rule Morocco 2032 only - Nov 28 3:00 -1:00 - 974Rule Morocco 2033 only - Jan 9 2:00 0 - 975Rule Morocco 2033 only - Nov 20 3:00 -1:00 - 976Rule Morocco 2033 only - Dec 25 2:00 0 - 977Rule Morocco 2034 only - Nov 5 3:00 -1:00 - 978Rule Morocco 2034 only - Dec 17 2:00 0 - 979Rule Morocco 2035 only - Oct 28 3:00 -1:00 - 980Rule Morocco 2035 only - Dec 9 2:00 0 - 981Rule Morocco 2036 only - Oct 19 3:00 -1:00 - 982Rule Morocco 2036 only - Nov 23 2:00 0 - 983Rule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 4 3:00 -1:00 - 984Rule Morocco 2037 only - Nov 15 2:00 0 - 985Rule Morocco 2038 only - Sep 26 3:00 -1:00 - 986Rule Morocco 2038 only - Nov 7 2:00 0 - 987Rule Morocco 2039 only - Sep 18 3:00 -1:00 - 988Rule Morocco 2039 only - Oct 23 2:00 0 - 989Rule Morocco 2040 only - Sep 2 3:00 -1:00 - 990Rule Morocco 2040 only - Oct 14 2:00 0 - 991Rule Morocco 2041 only - Aug 25 3:00 -1:00 - 992Rule Morocco 2041 only - Sep 29 2:00 0 - 993Rule Morocco 2042 only - Aug 10 3:00 -1:00 - 994Rule Morocco 2042 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 - 995Rule Morocco 2043 only - Aug 2 3:00 -1:00 - 996Rule Morocco 2043 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 - 997Rule Morocco 2044 only - Jul 24 3:00 -1:00 - 998Rule Morocco 2044 only - Aug 28 2:00 0 - 999Rule Morocco 2045 only - Jul 9 3:00 -1:00 - 1000Rule Morocco 2045 only - Aug 20 2:00 0 - 1001Rule Morocco 2046 only - Jul 1 3:00 -1:00 - 1002Rule Morocco 2046 only - Aug 12 2:00 0 - 1003Rule Morocco 2047 only - Jun 23 3:00 -1:00 - 1004Rule Morocco 2047 only - Jul 28 2:00 0 - 1005Rule Morocco 2048 only - Jun 7 3:00 -1:00 - 1006Rule Morocco 2048 only - Jul 19 2:00 0 - 1007Rule Morocco 2049 only - May 30 3:00 -1:00 - 1008Rule Morocco 2049 only - Jul 4 2:00 0 - 1009Rule Morocco 2050 only - May 15 3:00 -1:00 - 1010Rule Morocco 2050 only - Jun 26 2:00 0 - 1011Rule Morocco 2051 only - May 7 3:00 -1:00 - 1012Rule Morocco 2051 only - Jun 18 2:00 0 - 1013Rule Morocco 2052 only - Apr 28 3:00 -1:00 - 1014Rule Morocco 2052 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 - 1015Rule Morocco 2053 only - Apr 13 3:00 -1:00 - 1016Rule Morocco 2053 only - May 25 2:00 0 - 1017Rule Morocco 2054 only - Apr 5 3:00 -1:00 - 1018Rule Morocco 2054 only - May 17 2:00 0 - 1019Rule Morocco 2055 only - Mar 28 3:00 -1:00 - 1020Rule Morocco 2055 only - May 2 2:00 0 - 1021Rule Morocco 2056 only - Mar 12 3:00 -1:00 - 1022Rule Morocco 2056 only - Apr 23 2:00 0 - 1023Rule Morocco 2057 only - Mar 4 3:00 -1:00 - 1024Rule Morocco 2057 only - Apr 8 2:00 0 - 1025Rule Morocco 2058 only - Feb 17 3:00 -1:00 - 1026Rule Morocco 2058 only - Mar 31 2:00 0 - 1027Rule Morocco 2059 only - Feb 9 3:00 -1:00 - 1028Rule Morocco 2059 only - Mar 23 2:00 0 - 1029Rule Morocco 2060 only - Feb 1 3:00 -1:00 - 1030Rule Morocco 2060 only - Mar 7 2:00 0 - 1031Rule Morocco 2061 only - Jan 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1032Rule Morocco 2061 only - Feb 27 2:00 0 - 1033Rule Morocco 2062 only - Jan 8 3:00 -1:00 - 1034Rule Morocco 2062 only - Feb 19 2:00 0 - 1035Rule Morocco 2062 only - Dec 31 3:00 -1:00 - 1036Rule Morocco 2063 only - Feb 4 2:00 0 - 1037Rule Morocco 2063 only - Dec 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1038Rule Morocco 2064 only - Jan 27 2:00 0 - 1039Rule Morocco 2064 only - Dec 7 3:00 -1:00 - 1040Rule Morocco 2065 only - Jan 11 2:00 0 - 1041Rule Morocco 2065 only - Nov 22 3:00 -1:00 - 1042Rule Morocco 2066 only - Jan 3 2:00 0 - 1043Rule Morocco 2066 only - Nov 14 3:00 -1:00 - 1044Rule Morocco 2066 only - Dec 26 2:00 0 - 1045Rule Morocco 2067 only - Nov 6 3:00 -1:00 - 1046Rule Morocco 2067 only - Dec 11 2:00 0 - 1047Rule Morocco 2068 only - Oct 21 3:00 -1:00 - 1048Rule Morocco 2068 only - Dec 2 2:00 0 - 1049Rule Morocco 2069 only - Oct 13 3:00 -1:00 - 1050Rule Morocco 2069 only - Nov 24 2:00 0 - 1051Rule Morocco 2070 only - Oct 5 3:00 -1:00 - 1052Rule Morocco 2070 only - Nov 9 2:00 0 - 1053Rule Morocco 2071 only - Sep 20 3:00 -1:00 - 1054Rule Morocco 2071 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 - 1055Rule Morocco 2072 only - Sep 11 3:00 -1:00 - 1056Rule Morocco 2072 only - Oct 16 2:00 0 - 1057Rule Morocco 2073 only - Aug 27 3:00 -1:00 - 1058Rule Morocco 2073 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 1059Rule Morocco 2074 only - Aug 19 3:00 -1:00 - 1060Rule Morocco 2074 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - 1061Rule Morocco 2075 only - Aug 11 3:00 -1:00 - 1062Rule Morocco 2075 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 - 1063Rule Morocco 2076 only - Jul 26 3:00 -1:00 - 1064Rule Morocco 2076 only - Sep 6 2:00 0 - 1065Rule Morocco 2077 only - Jul 18 3:00 -1:00 - 1066Rule Morocco 2077 only - Aug 29 2:00 0 - 1067Rule Morocco 2078 only - Jul 10 3:00 -1:00 - 1068Rule Morocco 2078 only - Aug 14 2:00 0 - 1069Rule Morocco 2079 only - Jun 25 3:00 -1:00 - 1070Rule Morocco 2079 only - Aug 6 2:00 0 - 1071Rule Morocco 2080 only - Jun 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1072Rule Morocco 2080 only - Jul 21 2:00 0 - 1073Rule Morocco 2081 only - Jun 1 3:00 -1:00 - 1074Rule Morocco 2081 only - Jul 13 2:00 0 - 1075Rule Morocco 2082 only - May 24 3:00 -1:00 - 1076Rule Morocco 2082 only - Jul 5 2:00 0 - 1077Rule Morocco 2083 only - May 16 3:00 -1:00 - 1078Rule Morocco 2083 only - Jun 20 2:00 0 - 1079Rule Morocco 2084 only - Apr 30 3:00 -1:00 - 1080Rule Morocco 2084 only - Jun 11 2:00 0 - 1081Rule Morocco 2085 only - Apr 22 3:00 -1:00 - 1082Rule Morocco 2085 only - Jun 3 2:00 0 - 1083Rule Morocco 2086 only - Apr 14 3:00 -1:00 - 1084Rule Morocco 2086 only - May 19 2:00 0 - 1085Rule Morocco 2087 only - Mar 30 3:00 -1:00 - 1086Rule Morocco 2087 only - May 11 2:00 0 - 1087# For dates after the somewhat-arbitrary cutoff of 2087, assume that 1088# Morocco will no longer observe DST. At some point this table will 1089# need to be extended, though quite possibly Morocco will change the 1090# rules first. 1091 1092# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1093Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 1094 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 1984 Mar 16 1095 1:00 - +01 1986 1096 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 2018 Oct 28 3:00 1097 1:00 Morocco +01/+00 1098 1099# Western Sahara 1100# 1101# From Gwillim Law (2013-10-22): 1102# A correspondent who is usually well informed about time zone matters 1103# ... says that Western Sahara observes daylight saving time, just as 1104# Morocco does. 1105# 1106# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23): 1107# Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT, 1108# since most of it was then controlled by Morocco. 1109 1110Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan # El Aaiún 1111 -1:00 - -01 1976 Apr 14 1112 0:00 Morocco +00/+01 2018 Oct 28 3:00 1113 1:00 Morocco +01/+00 1114 1115# Mozambique 1116# 1117# Shanks gives 1903-03-01 for the transition to CAT. 1118# Perhaps the 1911-05-26 Portuguese decree 1119# https://dre.pt/pdf1sdip/1911/05/12500/23132313.pdf 1120# merely made it official? 1121# 1122# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1123Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 1124 2:00 - CAT 1125 1126 1127# Namibia 1128 1129# From Arthur David Olson (2017-08-09): 1130# The text of the "Namibia Time Act, 1994" is available online at 1131# www.lac.org.na/laws/1994/811.pdf 1132# and includes this nugget: 1133# Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (2) of section 1, the 1134# first winter period after the commencement of this Act shall 1135# commence at OOhOO on Monday 21 March 1994 and shall end at 02h00 on 1136# Sunday 4 September 1994. 1137 1138# From Michael Deckers (2017-04-06): 1139# ... both summer and winter time are called "standard" 1140# (which differs from the use in Ireland) ... 1141 1142# From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30): 1143# http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html 1144# While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other 1145# settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there 1146# rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of 1147# Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of 1148# the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest 1149# of the country. 1150# 1151# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22): 1152# Although the Zambezi Region (formerly known as Caprivi) informally 1153# observes Botswana time, we have no details about historical practice. 1154# In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. 1155# See: Immanuel S. The Namibian. 2017-02-23. 1156# https://www.namibian.com.na/51480/read/Time-change-divides-lawmakers 1157 1158# From Steffen Thorsen (2017-08-09): 1159# Namibia is going to change their time zone to what is now their DST: 1160# https://www.newera.com.na/2017/02/23/namibias-winter-time-might-be-repealed/ 1161# This video is from the government decision: 1162# https://www.nbc.na/news/na-passes-namibia-time-bill-repealing-1994-namibia-time-act.8665 1163# We have made the assumption so far that they will change their time zone at 1164# the same time they would normally start DST, the first Sunday in September: 1165# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/namibia-new-time-zone.html 1166 1167# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-09): 1168# Before the change, summer and winter time were both standard time legally. 1169# However in common parlance, winter time was considered to be DST. See, e.g.: 1170# http://www.nbc.na/news/namibias-winter-time-could-be-scrapped.2706 1171# https://zone.my.na/news/times-are-changing-in-namibia 1172# https://www.newera.com.na/2017/02/23/namibias-winter-time-might-be-repealed/ 1173# Use plain "WAT" and "CAT" for the time zone abbreviations, to be compatible 1174# with Namibia's neighbors. 1175 1176# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1177# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1178Rule Namibia 1994 only - Mar 21 0:00 -1:00 WAT 1179Rule Namibia 1994 2017 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 0 CAT 1180Rule Namibia 1995 2017 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 -1:00 WAT 1181# Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. 1182#Rule Namibia 1994 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 WAT 1183#Rule Namibia 1994 2017 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 CAT 1184#Rule Namibia 1995 2017 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 WAT 1185# End of rearguard section. 1186 1187# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1188Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 1189 1:30 - +0130 1903 Mar 1190 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 1191 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 1192 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 1193# Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. 1194 2:00 Namibia %s 1195# Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. 1196# 2:00 - CAT 1994 Mar 21 0:00 1197# From Paul Eggert (2017-04-07): 1198# The official date of the 2017 rule change was 2017-10-24. See: 1199# http://www.lac.org.na/laws/annoSTAT/Namibian%20Time%20Act%209%20of%202017.pdf 1200# 1:00 Namibia %s 2017 Oct 24 1201# 2:00 - CAT 1202# End of rearguard section. 1203 1204# Niger 1205# See Africa/Lagos. 1206 1207# Nigeria 1208 1209# From P Chan (2020-12-03): 1210# GMT was adopted as the standard time of Lagos on 1905-07-01. 1211# Lagos Weekly Record, 1905-06-24, p 3 1212# http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/31558#?c=0&m=668&s=0&cv=2&r=0&xywh=1446%2C5221%2C1931%2C1235 1213# says "It is officially notified that on and after the 1st of July 1905 1214# Greenwich Mean Solar Time will be adopted thought the Colony and 1215# Protectorate, and that it will be necessary to put all clocks 13 minutes and 1216# 35 seconds back, recording local mean time." 1217# 1218# It seemed that Lagos returned to LMT on 1908-07-01. 1219# [The Lagos Standard], 1908-07-01, p 5 1220# http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/31556#?c=0&m=78&s=0&cv=4&r=0&xywh=-92%2C3590%2C3944%2C2523 1221# says "Scarcely have the people become accustomed to this new time, when 1222# another official notice has now appeared announcing that from and after the 1223# 1st July next, return will be made to local mean time." 1224# 1225# From P Chan (2020-11-27): 1226# On 1914-01-01, standard time of GMT+0:30 was adopted for the unified Nigeria. 1227# Colonial Reports - Annual. No. 878. Nigeria. Report for 1914. (April 1916), 1228# p 27 1229# https://libsysdigi.library.illinois.edu/ilharvest/Africana/Books2011-05/3064634/3064634_1914/3064634_1914_opt.pdf#page=27 1230# "On January 1st [1914], a universal standard time for Nigeria was adopted, 1231# viz., half an hour fast on Greenwich mean time, corresponding to the meridian 1232# 7 [degrees] 30' E. long." 1233# Lloyd's Register of Shipping (1915) says "Hitherto the time observed in Lagos 1234# was the local mean time. On 1st January, 1914, standard time for the whole of 1235# Nigeria was introduced ... Lagos time has been advanced about 16 minutes 1236# accordingly." 1237# 1238# In 1919, standard time was changed to GMT+1. 1239# Interpretation Ordinance (Cap 2) 1240# The Laws of Nigeria, Containing the Ordinances of Nigeria, in Force on the 1241# 1st Day of January, 1923, Vol.I [p 16] 1242# https://books.google.com/books?id=BOMrAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA16 1243# "The expression 'Standard time' means standard time as used in Nigeria: 1244# namely, 60 minutes in advance of Greenwich mean time. (As amended by 18 of 1245# 1919, s. 2.)" 1246# From Tim Parenti (2020-12-10): 1247# The Lagos Weekly Record, 1919-09-20, p 3 details discussion on the first 1248# reading of this Bill by the Legislative Council of the Colony of Nigeria on 1249# Thursday 1919-08-28: 1250# http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/31558?terms&item_id=303484#?m=1118&c=1&s=0&cv=2&r=0&xywh=1261%2C3408%2C2994%2C1915 1251# "The proposal is that the Globe should be divided into twelve zones East and 1252# West of Greenwich, of one hour each, Nigeria falling into the zone with a 1253# standard of one hour fast on Greenwich Mean Time. Nigeria standard time is 1254# now 30 minutes in advance of Greenwich Mean Time ... according to the new 1255# proposal, standard time will be advanced another 30 minutes". It was further 1256# proposed that the firing of the time guns likewise be adjusted by 30 minutes 1257# to compensate. 1258# From Tim Parenti (2020-12-10), per P Chan (2020-12-11): 1259# The text of Ordinance 18 of 1919, published in Nigeria Gazette, Vol 6, No 52, 1260# shows that the change was assented to the following day and took effect "on 1261# the 1st day of September, 1919." 1262# Nigeria Gazette and Supplements 1919 Jan-Dec, Reference: 73266B-40, 1263# img 245-246 1264# https://microform.digital/boa/collections/77/volumes/539/nigeria-lagos-1887-1919 1265 1266# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1267Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:35 - LMT 1905 Jul 1 1268 0:00 - GMT 1908 Jul 1 1269 0:13:35 - LMT 1914 Jan 1 1270 0:30 - +0030 1919 Sep 1 1271 1:00 - WAT 1272 1273# Réunion 1274# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1275Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 1276 4:00 - +04 1277# 1278# Scattered Islands (Îles Éparses) administered from Réunion are as follows. 1279# The following information about them is taken from 1280# Îles Éparses (<http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm>, 1997-07-22, 1281# in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 1282# We have no info about their time zone histories. 1283# 1284# Bassas da India - uninhabited 1285# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 1286# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 1287# Juan de Nova - uninhabited 1288# Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 1289 1290# Rwanda 1291# See Africa/Maputo. 1292 1293# St Helena 1294# See Africa/Abidjan. 1295# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 1296# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 1297# Ascension: on GMT, say the USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA 1298# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 1299# on GMT, says the CIA 1300# Inaccessible, Nightingale: uninhabited 1301 1302# São Tomé and Príncipe 1303 1304# See Europe/Lisbon for info about the 1912 transition. 1305 1306# From Steffen Thorsen (2018-01-08): 1307# Multiple sources tell that São Tomé changed from UTC to UTC+1 as 1308# they entered the year 2018. 1309# From Michael Deckers (2018-01-08): 1310# the switch is from 01:00 to 02:00 ... [Decree No. 25/2017] 1311# http://www.mnec.gov.st/index.php/publicacoes/documentos/file/90-decreto-lei-n-25-2017 1312 1313# From Vadim Nasardinov (2018-12-29): 1314# São Tomé and Príncipe is about to do the following on Jan 1, 2019: 1315# https://www.stp-press.st/2018/12/05/governo-jesus-ja-decidiu-repor-hora-legal-sao-tomense/ 1316# 1317# From Michael Deckers (2018-12-30): 1318# https://www.legis-palop.org/download.jsp?idFile=102818 1319# ... [The legal time of the country, which coincides with universal 1320# coordinated time, will be restituted at 2 o'clock on day 1 of January, 2019.] 1321 1322Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 1323 -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 00:00u # Lisbon MT 1324 0:00 - GMT 2018 Jan 1 01:00 1325 1:00 - WAT 2019 Jan 1 02:00 1326 0:00 - GMT 1327 1328# Senegal 1329# See Africa/Abidjan. 1330 1331# Seychelles 1332 1333# From P Chan (2020-11-27): 1334# Standard Time was adopted on 1907-01-01. 1335# 1336# Standard Time Ordinance (Chapter 237) 1337# The Laws of Seychelles in Force on the 31st December, 1971, Vol. 6, p 571 1338# https://books.google.com/books?id=efE-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA571 1339# 1340# From Tim Parenti (2020-12-05): 1341# A footnote on https://books.google.com/books?id=DYdDAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1689 1342# confirms that Ordinance No. 9 of 1906 "was brought into force on the 1st 1343# January, 1907." 1344 1345# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1346Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1907 Jan 1 # Victoria 1347 4:00 - +04 1348# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 1349# Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 1350# Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 1351# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 1352# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 1353# Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 1354 1355# Sierra Leone 1356# See Africa/Abidjan. 1357 1358# Somalia 1359# See Africa/Nairobi. 1360 1361# South Africa 1362# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1363Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 1364Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 1365# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1366Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 1367 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 1368 2:00 SA SAST 1369# 1370# Marion and Prince Edward Is 1371# scientific station since 1947 1372# no information 1373 1374# Sudan 1375 1376# From <http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html> 1377# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13), 1378# also reported by Michaël De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 1379# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 1380# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 1381# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 1382 1383# From Ahmed Atyya, National Telecommunications Corp. (NTC), Sudan (2017-10-17): 1384# ... the Republic of Sudan is going to change the time zone from (GMT+3:00) 1385# to (GMT+ 2:00) starting from Wednesday 1 November 2017. 1386# 1387# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18): 1388# A scanned copy (in Arabic) of Cabinet Resolution No. 352 for the 1389# year 2017 can be found as an attachment in email today from Yahia 1390# Abdalla of NTC, archived at: 1391# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2017-October/025333.html 1392 1393# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1394Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1395Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 1396Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1397Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1398# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1399Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 1400 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1401 3:00 - EAT 2017 Nov 1 1402 2:00 - CAT 1403 1404# South Sudan 1405 1406# From Steffen Thorsen (2021-01-18): 1407# "South Sudan will change its time zone by setting the clock back 1 1408# hour on February 1, 2021...." 1409# from https://eyeradio.org/south-sudan-adopts-new-time-zone-makuei/ 1410 1411# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1412Zone Africa/Juba 2:06:28 - LMT 1931 1413 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1414 3:00 - EAT 2021 Feb 1 00:00 1415 2:00 - CAT 1416 1417# Tanzania 1418# See Africa/Nairobi. 1419 1420# Togo 1421# See Africa/Abidjan. 1422 1423# Tunisia 1424 1425# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 1426# My correspondent, Risto Nykänen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 1427# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 1428# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 1429# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 1430# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 1431# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 1432# Saturday." (My translation) 1433# 1434# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 1435# La Presse, the first national daily newspaper ... 1436# http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html 1437# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 1438# 1h standard time. 1439# 1440# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 1441# The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 1442# Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 1443# Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 1444# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 1445 1446# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): 1447# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. 1448# (Arabic) 1449# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 1450# https://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp 1451# 1452# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. 1453# We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: 1454# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html 1455 1456# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 1457# Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency 1458# 1459# Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): 1460# 1461# (in English) 1462# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 1463# 1464# (in Arabic) 1465# http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 1466 1467# From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-18): 1468# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is 1469# due to the fact that the fasting month of Ramadan coincides with the period 1470# concerned by summer time. Therefore, the standard time will be kept 1471# unchanged the whole year long." So foregoing DST seems to be an exception 1472# (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). 1473 1474# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27): 1475# According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010 1476# 1477# (translation): 1478# "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on 1479# Sunday... 1480# Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also 1481# coincided with the month of Ramadan..." 1482# 1483# (in Arabic) 1484# http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1 1485# http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036 1486# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html 1487 1488# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1489Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 1490Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 1491Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 1492Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 1493Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 1494Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 1495Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 1496Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 1497Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 1498Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1499Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 1500Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1501Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1502Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 1503Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 1504Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1505Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 1506Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1507Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 1508Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 1509Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1510Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1511Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 1512Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1513Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1514 1515# See Europe/Paris commentary for PMT-related transitions. 1516# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1517Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 1518 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 1519 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 1520 1521# Uganda 1522# See Africa/Nairobi. 1523 1524# Zambia 1525# Zimbabwe 1526# See Africa/Maputo. 1527