1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 16.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 16.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020250907: 31 The MANSPLITPKG knob has been turned off by default, so pkgbase builds 32 will no longer generate "-man" subpackages; instead the manpages will 33 be shipped in the packages they belong to. If you want to continue 34 building split man packages, set WITH_MANSPLITPKG=1. 35 3620250905: 37 FreeBSD 16.0-CURRENT. 38 3920250903: 40 The BLOAT_KERNEL_WITH_EXTERR kernel config option has been renamed to 41 EXTERR_STRINGS. 42 4320250827: 44 The names of pkg repositories defined in /etc/pkg/FreeBSD.conf have 45 changed: "FreeBSD" is now "FreeBSD-ports", and "FreeBSD-kmods" is now 46 "FreeBSD-ports-kmods". Users with /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos files 47 which override these will need to adjust their configuration to match 48 the new names. 49 5020250823: 51 The set of pkgbase packages for Kerberos and OpenSSL has changed. 52 After updating past 250e77d4f0a5, you should check 'pkg orphans' 53 and remove any orphaned packages, then examine the output of 54 'pkg install -r base -g FreeBSD-openssl\* FreeBSD-kerberos\*' 55 and install any new packages you need. 56 5720250823: 58 To restore bridge(4)'s ABI compatibility with ifconfig from 14.x or 59 earlier, the size of struct ifbreq has changed, so you must update 60 the kernel and /sbin/ifconfig at the same time or you will not be 61 able to add interfaces to bridge. This is particularly important 62 if you require bridge for network access during boot, in which case 63 you should install the new kernel and the new /sbin/ifconfig prior 64 to rebooting. 65 6620250820: 67 The WITHOUT_GSSAPI src.conf knob has been removed. This was already 68 a no-op for MIT Kerberos, so this only affects builds which set 69 WITHOUT_MITKRB5=1, in which case you now always get libgssapi. 70 71 Also, Heimdal's compile_et and libcom_err are now controlled by 72 WITHOUT_KERBEROS, not WITHOUT_KERBEROS_SUPPORT. This matches 73 the behaviour of the MIT Kerberos versions. 74 7520250820: 76 Commits 08c7dd2fbe4f and a4197ea47777 have changed the ABI between 77 libvmmapi and the vmm device. If using a custom kernel configuration, 78 please ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD14 option is included so older 79 versions of libvmmapi continue working as expected. 80 8120250819: 82 The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-on to default-off. 83 This reverts the 20250808 change below, which had reverted the 20240729 84 change before it. Note that some src.conf(5) options are known to break 85 ABI or compatibility in ways that may require a clean build initially 86 when switched. 87 8820250816: 89 Sendmail's libmilter has been moved to its own package. If you want 90 to compile applications that use libmilter, you should install the 91 FreeBSD-libmilter* packages. 92 93 If you only have FreeBSD-sendmail installed for applications that 94 require libmilter, you can now remove it. 95 9620250815: 97 The [gs]etgroups(2)syscalls have changed. To maintain backwards 98 compatibility with existing programs, you need COMPAT_FREEBSD14 in 99 your kernel config until all applications which use this are 100 rebuild/reinstalled. 101 10220250815: 103 jemalloc 5.3.0 has been committed to the tree. 104 10520250815: 106 The removal of Secure RPC DES authentication noted in 20250810 107 has been reverted. (However, it is still non-functional.) 108 10920250813: 110 Commit cce64f2e6851 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 111 modules. As such, all of them need to be rebuilt from sources. 112 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1500060 already today, 113 so I will not bump it again for this. 114 11520250813: 116 The gpiobus_attach_bus() function has been removed. Drivers should now 117 use the gpiobus_add_bus() function instead. The difference being that 118 gpiobus_add_bus() doesn't call bus_attach_children(), calling it will 119 be the responsibility of the caller now. 120 12120250810: 122 Support for Secure RPC DES authentication has been removed. 123 The keyserv(8) daemon was already removed, but support for it in libc 124 has also been removed, so if you somehow still had keyserv installed, 125 it will now stop working. There is no workaround for this. Removing 126 DES is considered a feature. 127 12820250808: 129 The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-off to 130 default-on. This reverts the 20240729 change below. 131 13220250807: 133 routed(8) and route6d(8) have moved to the FreeBSD-rip package. 134 If you use either of these, you should install the new package. 135 13620250806: 137 if_epair(4) now uses ether_gen_addr(9) to generate a stable MAC 138 address. 139 To keep using the random address, set the loader tunable 140 net.link.epair.ether_gen_addr=0. 141 14220250804: 143 bsdconfig (including sysrc(8)) has moved to the new bsdconfig 144 package. If you use pkgbase and wish to use bsdconfig, you should 145 install FreeBSD-bsdconfig. 146 14720250730: 148 The usbhid(4) USB HID driver is now enabled by default, and will be 149 used in preference to other USB HID drivers like ukbd(4), ums(4), and 150 uhid(4). Work on a FIDO/U2F driver and moused(8) is in progress. 151 The default is being switched now so that we can find and fix any 152 additional issues prior to FreeBSD 15.0. 153 154 To revert to the previous USB HID driver behavior, set the loader 155 tunable hw.usb.usbhid.enable=0. 156 15720250727: 158 bmake (i.e., /usr/bin/make and /usr/share/mk) has moved to a new 159 package, FreeBSD-bmake. If you use pkgbase and you need make, you 160 should install this package. 161 16220250726: 163 amd64 kernel configurations must contain "options SMP". 164 16520250725: 166 gssd(8) has been moved to a new package, FreeBSD-gssd. If you use 167 pkgbase and you need gssd, you should install this package. 168 16920250724: 170 The Kerberos packages which are built when WITH_MITKRB5 is enabled 171 have been renamed from FreeBSD-krb5* to FreeBSD-kerberos*. This 172 affects pkgbase users who manually enabled WITH_MITKRB5, *or* use 173 the default value of WITH_MITKRB5 and updated past c7da9fb90b0b 174 (20250721) which made WITH_MITKRB5 the default. 175 176 In either case, if you have FreeBSD-krb5* packages installed, you 177 should remove them and (re)install the equivalent FreeBSD-kerberos* 178 packages instead. 179 18020250721: 181 WITH_MITKRB5 is now enabled by default. MIT KRB5 has replaced 182 Heimdal in base. Ports that use USES=gssapi must be rebuilt. 183 A clean buildworld is required. 184 18520250719: 186 Commits 392a82b225 and c00baac0ab both changed the 187 internal API between the NFS modules. As such, all 188 these modules need to be rebuilt from sources. 189 __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1500053 for this. 190 19120250710: 192 The shar(1) utility has been removed from base. The 193 sysutils/freebsd-shar port was created to maintain this version of 194 shar(1) past its removal from base. 195 19620250704: 197 LinuxKPI device.h and acpi changes effecting drivers and drm-kmod. 198 Bump __FreeBSD_version 1500050 to be able to detect these changes. 199 20020250630: 201 Commits 171f66b0c2ca and 8e2a90ac8089 changed the internal 202 api between nfscommon.ko and the other nfs modules. 203 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500049 for this. 204 All NFS related modules must be rebuilt from up-to-date 205 sources. 206 20720250625: 208 "make delete-old" will now remove the Forth bootloader entirely 209 if the system is built with WITHOUT_FORTH. 210 21120250614: 212 MIT KRB5 (MIT Kerberos5) has been imported into 15-CURRENT. To 213 and install MIT KRB5, add WITH_MITKRB5=yes to /etc/src.conf. This 214 will build and install MIT KRB5 1.21.3. And it will remove Heimdal 215 1.5.2 when delete-old and delete-old-libs are run. To revert back 216 simply buildworld/installworld again with delete-old-libs and 217 delete-old. 218 219 At the moment we only know of a couple of ports that might be 220 affected. Adjusting libmap.conf does not circumvent runtime issues. 221 The few affected ports must be rebuilt. A successful exp-run will be 222 run before MIT KRB5 becomes default. 223 224 Those using the KDC in FreeBSD base may wish to wait. The Heimdal 225 HDB is incompatible with the MIT KRB5 KDC. The migration procedure 226 is a little involved. 227 22820250603: 229 LinuxKPI dma-mapping.h were pulled into the tree from drm-kmod. 230 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1500045 to be able to detect this change. 231 23220250527: 233 pf changed extension header handling. It now treats AH headers on IPv4 just 234 like AH headers on IPv6 and skips over them, allowing filtering on the inner 235 protocol. 236 23720250527: 238 pf now blocks IPv6 packets with a hop-by-hop or destination options header by 239 default. Such packets can be passed by adding "allow-opts" to the rule. IPv6 240 options are now handled just like their IPv4 counterparts. 241 24220250527: 243 The CAM target layer userland, i.e. ctld(8), ctladm(8) and ctlstat(8), 244 has moved to the new FreeBSD-ctl package. If you use pkgbase and you 245 need the CAM Target Layer, you should install the new package. 246 247 Development-related tools (e.g. ar and nm) have moved to the new 248 "FreeBSD-toolchain" package, which subsumes and obsoletes the 249 existing "FreeBSD-elftoolchain" package. If you use pkgbase and 250 need to compile software, you should install the new package and 251 ensure the old FreeBSD-elftoolchain* packages are completely removed. 252 25320250521: 254 Commit e64fe5ad3a23 removed in6_maxmtu and its setter in6_setmaxmtu(). 255 in6_maxmtu is used to store the max IPv6 MTU of all interfaces, 256 however it does not have any in-tree consumers since the introduction 257 from the KAME project. The removal should have little impact, and the 258 max IPv6 MTU can be easily retrieved by iterating over all the attached 259 interface if 3rd party modules need it. 260 26120250515: 262 Commit 772258c89f28 changed the internal API between the nfscommon 263 and nfscl modules. Both need to be built from updated sources. 264 26520250513: 266 The bridge(4) sysctl net.link.bridge.member_ifaddrs now defaults to 0, 267 meaning that interfaces added to a bridge may not have IP addresses 268 assigned. Refer to bridge(4) for more information. 269 27020250507: 271 UMASS quirks and auto-quirk probing has been overhauled. CAM now won't 272 send SYNCHRONIZE CACHE unless MODE PAGE 8 is present and valid. This 273 should allow more devices to work (since the auto quirk code was updated 274 in 14 and broke several e-readers and the like). Please send imp@freebsd.org 275 any regression reports. 276 27720250504: 278 Commit 9419e086e1a3 changed the internal API between the nfscommon 279 and nfscl modules. Both need to be built from updated sources. 280 28120250412: 282 LinuxKPI alloc routines were changed to return physically contiguous 283 memory where expected. These changes may require out-of-tree drivers 284 to be recompiled. 285 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500037 to be able to detect this change. 286 28720250409: 288 Intel iwlwifi firmware has been removed from the src repository. 289 Before updating their system, users of iwlwifi(4) or iwx(4) must 290 install the appropriate firmware for their chipset using fwget(8) or 291 building it from ports. 292 29320250314: 294 We now use LLVM's binary utilities (nm, objcopy, etc.) by default. 295 The WITHOUT_LLVM_BINUTILS src.conf(5) knob can be used to revert to 296 ELF Tool Chain tools if desired. 297 29820250303: 299 Commit 4a77657cbc01 changed the ABI between ipfw(8) and ipfw(4). 300 Please note that the old ipfw(8) binary will not work with the new 301 ipfw(4) module. Therefore, it is recommended to disable ipfw during 302 the upgrade, otherwise the host system may become inaccessible because 303 ipfw rules cannot be installed with the old binary. 304 30520250214: 306 Commit 4517fbfd4251 modified the internal API between the 307 nfscommon and nfscl modules. As such, both of these modules 308 need to be rebuilt from sources. 309 31020250201: 311 The NFS related daemons, that provide RPC services to the kernel: 312 gssd(8), rpcbind(8), rpc.tlsservd(8) and rpc.tlsclntd(8), now use a 313 different transport - netlink(4) socket instead of unix(4). Users of 314 NFS need to upgrade both kernel and world (binaries and libc) at once. 315 Also, any revision between 88cd1e17a7d8 and 99e5a70046da should be 316 avoided. 317 31820250129: 319 Defer the January 19, 2038 date limit in UFS1 filesystems to 320 February 7, 2106. This affects only UFS1 format filesystems. 321 See commit message 1111a44301da for details. 322 32320250127: 324 The Allwinner a10_timer driver has been renamed to aw_driver. If you 325 have a custom kernel configuration including the line 'device 326 a10_timer', it must be adjusted to 'device aw_timer'. The same applies 327 for device exclusions with 'nodevice'. 328 32920250106: 330 A new SOC_ROCKCHIP options appeared, so if you have a custom kernel configuration 331 targetting Rockchip SoC you need to add it so shared and mandatory drivers for 332 this SoC familly will be selected. 333 Also a new rk8xx device was added, this select the base driver for Rockchip PMIC. 334 33520241223: 336 The layout of NFS file handles for the tarfs, tmpfs, cd9660, and ext2fs 337 file systems has changed. An NFS server that exports any of these file 338 systems will need its clients to unmount and remount the exports. 339 34020241216: 341 The iwm(4) firmwares are no longer compiled as kernel modules but instead 342 shipped as raw files. For pkgbase users if you use iwm(4) you will need 343 to install the FreeBSD-firmware-iwm package. 344 34520241124: 346 The OpenBSD derived bc and dc implementations and the WITHOUT_GH_BC 347 option that allowed building them instead of the advanced version 348 imported more than 4 years ago have been removed. 349 35020241107: 351 The ng_ubt(4) driver now requires firmwares to be loaded on Realtek 352 adaptors with rtlbtfw(8) utility. It no longer attaches to devices 353 standing in bootloader mode. Firmware files are available in the 354 comms/rtlbt-firmware port. 355 35620241025: 357 The support for the rc_fast_and_loose variable has been removed from 358 rc.subr(8). Users setting rc_fast_and_loose on their systems are 359 advised to make sure their customizations to rc service scripts 360 do not depend on having a single shell environment shared across 361 all the rc service scripts during booting and shutdown. 362 36320241013: 364 The ciss driver was updated to cope better with hotplug events that 365 caused it to panic before, and to support more than 48 drives attached 366 to the card. These changes were made w/o benefit of hardware for testing 367 and ciss(4) users should be on the lookout for regressions. 368 36920240729: 370 The build now defaults to WITHOUT_CLEAN - i.e., no automatic clean 371 is performed at the beginning of buildworld or buildkernel. The 372 WITH_CLEAN src.conf(5) knob can be used to restore the previous 373 behaviour. 374 375 If you encounter incremental build issues, please report them to the 376 freebsd-current mailing list so that a special-case dependency can be 377 added, if necessary. 378 37920240715: 380 We now lean more heavily on ACPI enumeration for some traditional 381 devices. uart has moved from isa to acpi so the hints act as wiring 382 instead of device enumeration. Hints for parallel port, floppy, etc 383 have been removed. Before upgrading, grep your dmesg for lines like: 384 uart1: non-PNP ISA device will be removed from GENERIC in FreeBSD 15. 385 to see if you need to start including hints for the device on isa 386 in your loader.conf or device.hints file. APU1 (but not APU2) boards 387 are known to be affected, but there may be others. 388 38920240712: 390 Support for armv6 has been disconnected and is being removed. 391 39220240617: 393 ifconfig now treats IPv4 addresses without a width or mask as an error. 394 Specify the desired mask or width along with the IP address on the 395 ifconfig command line and in rc.conf. 396 39720240428: 398 OpenBSM auditing runtime (auditd, etc.) has been moved into the new 399 package FreeBSD-audit. If you use OpenBSM auditing and pkgbase, you 400 should install FreeBSD-audit. 401 40220240424: 403 cron, lpr, and ntpd have been moved from FreeBSD-utilities into their 404 own packages. If you use pkgbase, you should install the relevant 405 packages: FreeBSD-cron, FreeBSD-lp, or FreeBSD-ntp. 406 40720240406: 408 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 409 been upgraded to 18.1.6. It is important that you run `make delete-old` 410 as described in the COMMON ITEMS section, otherwise several libc++ 411 headers that are obsolete and need to be removed can cause compilation 412 errors in C++ programs. 413 41420240205: 415 For dynamically linked programs, system calls are now made from 416 libsys rather than libc. No change in linkage is required as 417 libsys is an auxiliary filter for libc. People building custom 418 images must ensure that libsys.so.7 is included. 419 42020240202: 421 Loader now also read configuration files listed in local_loader_conf_files. 422 Files listed here are the last ones read. And /boot/loader.conf.local was 423 moved from loader_conf_files to local_loader_conf_files leaving only 424 loader.conf and device.hints in loader_conf_files by default. 425 426 The following sequencing is applied: 427 428 1. Bootstrap: 429 /boot/defaults/loader.conf 430 431 2. Read loader_conf_files files: 432 /boot/device.hints 433 /boot/loader.conf 434 435 3. Read loader_conf_dirs files: 436 /boot/loader.conf.d/*.conf 437 438 4. And finally, rread local_loader_conf_files files: 439 /boot/loader.conf.local 440 44120240201: 442 sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged. This version enforces 443 stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line 444 endings. This may cause issues with receiving messages from 445 non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in 446 contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations. 447 44820240111: 449 Commit cc760de2183f changed the internal interface between 450 the nfscommon and nfscl modules. As such, both need to be 451 rebuilt from sources. Therefore, __FreeBSD_version was 452 bumped to 1500010. 453 45420231120: 455 If you have an arm64 system that uses ACPI, you will need to update your 456 loader.efi in the ESP when you update past this point. Detection of ACPI 457 was moved earlier in the binary so the scripts could use it, but old 458 binaries don't have this, so we default to 'no ACPI' in this case. You can 459 undisable ACPI by doing 460 OK unset hint.acpi.0.disabled 461 This can also be used to recover any other system that was updated in the 462 small window where amd64 was also broken. 463 46420231113: 465 The WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD option has been removed. When LLD is enabled 466 it is always installed as /usr/bin/ld. 467 46820231027: 469 Forward compatibility (running the new code on old kernels) for the 470 "ino64" project have been removed. The need for it has passed long ago. 471 47220231018: 473 Commit 57ce37f9dcd0 changed the internal KAPI between the 474 nfscommon and nfscl modules. Both must be rebuilt from sources. 475 47620231010: 477 dialog(1) has been replaced in base by bsddialog(1), while most of the 478 time replacing a dialog(1) call by a bsddialog(1) call works out of the 479 box, bsddialog(1) is not considered as a drop-in replacement for 480 dialog(1). 481 482 If you do depend on dialog(1) functionality, please install cdialog 483 from ports: 484 485 pkg install cdialog 486 48720230927: 488 The EARLY_AP_STARTUP kernel option is mandatory on x86. The option 489 has been added to DEFAULTS, so it should automatically be included in 490 custom kernel configurations without any additional change. 491 49220230922: 493 A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default 494 behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required 495 recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP. 496 49720230914: 498 Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by 499 default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf. 500 50120230911: 502 Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang 503 internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems 504 installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow 505 for these file moves: 506 507 pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities 508 pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev 509 pkg upgrade -y 510 51120230909: 512 Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which 513 belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module 514 loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are 515 corresponding kernel environment variables. 516 51720230901: 518 The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have 519 been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively. 520 52120230824: 522 FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT. 523 52420230817: 525 Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has 526 been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry 527 practice and typcial firmware serial console redirection 528 configuration. 529 530 Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not 531 support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may 532 set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot 533 components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start 534 with the serial port at 115200. 535 53620230807: 537 Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus- 538 frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is 539 integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's 540 no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or 541 "device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration. 542 54320230803: 544 MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config. 545 Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt. 546 54720230724: 548 CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g 549 to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional 550 BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems 551 for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of 552 the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces. 553 55420230713: 555 stable/14 branch created. 556 55720230629: 558 The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires 559 atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional 560 change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please 561 file a PR and assign it to imp. 562 56320230623: 564 OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout 565 the base system. It is important to rebuild third-party software 566 after upgrading. 567 56820230619: 569 To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf 570 filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered 571 locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets 572 delivered to lo0. To enable this feature: 573 574 sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1 575 service pf restart 576 577 When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not 578 filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule. 579 58020230613: 581 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now 582 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+ 583 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single 584 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't 585 already properly quoted or escaped. 586 58720230612: 588 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda. 589 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a 590 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1 591 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel 592 config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add 593 kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf. The default has been nda on 594 all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back, 595 please email imp@freebsd.org about why. 596 597 Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you 598 migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd. 599 60020230422: 601 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree 602 using git instead. 603 60420230420: 605 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging 606 eg. 607 make buildworld-jobs 608 runs 609 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1 610 611 where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env. 612 61320230316: 614 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed. 615 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 616 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and 617 "device imx6_ipu" to it. 618 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 619 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it. 620 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't 621 exist anymore. 622 62320230221: 624 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 625 for details. 626 62720230206: 628 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 629 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 630 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 631 63220230204: 633 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 634 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 635 63620230130: 637 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 638 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 639 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 640 64120230126: 642 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 643 system are now built unconditionally. 644 64520230113: 646 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 647 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 648 64920221212: 650 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 651 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 652 653 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 654 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 655 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 656 65720221205: 658 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 659 to reenable sendmail(8): 660 661 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 662 663 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 664 66520221204: 666 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 667 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 668 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 669 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 670 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 671 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 672 673 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 674 67520221122: 676 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 677 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 678 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 679 68020221121: 681 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 682 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 683 68420221026: 685 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 686 for pkgbase users to do: 687 688 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 689 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 690 691 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 692 installed. 693 69420221002: 695 OPIE has been removed from the base system. If needed, it can 696 be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie). 697 Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference 698 pam_opie or pam_opieaccess. 699 70020220610: 701 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 702 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 703 70420211230: 705 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 706 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 707 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 708 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 709 reflect this change. 710 71120211214: 712 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 713 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 714 71520211209: 716 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 717 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 718 the coming days and weeks. 719 720 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 721 or touch 722 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 723 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 724 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 725 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 726 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 727 72820211202: 729 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 730 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 731 statement in unbound.conf: 732 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 733 734 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 735 736 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 737 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 738 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 739 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 740 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 741 such names when roaming to different homenets. 742 74320211110: 744 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 745 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 746 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 747 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 748 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 749 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 750 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 751 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 752 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 753 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 754 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 755 75620211118: 757 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 758 tree shortly. 759 76020211106: 761 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 762 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 763 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 764 may need to be modified. 765 76620211022: 767 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 768 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 769 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 770 77120211020: 772 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 773 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 774 775 # chsh -s csh 776 77720211004: 778 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 779 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 780 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 781 this change. 782 78320210923: 784 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 785 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 786 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 787 list of modules to load on their systems. 788 78920210922: 790 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 791 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 792 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 793 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 794 79520210911: 796 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 797 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 798 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 799 being loaded. 800 80120210817: 802 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 803 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 804 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 805 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 806 application-specific configuration option for applications 807 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 808 80920210811: 810 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 811 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 812 81320210730: 814 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 815 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 816 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 817 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 818 81920210729: 820 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 821 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 822 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 823 82420210716: 825 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 826 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 827 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 828 82920210715: 830 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 831 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 832 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 833 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 834 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 835 to update your sources past the above hash and do 836 % cd usr.bin/awk 837 % make clean all 838 % sudo -E make install 839 to enable building kernels again. 840 84120210708: 842 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 843 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 844 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 845 84620210707: 847 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 848 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 849 85020210624: 851 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 852 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 853 for NFSv4 mounts. 854 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 855 85620210618: 857 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 858 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 859 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 860 additions and others. 861 86220210618: 863 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 864 renamed to "untrusted". 865 86620210611: 867 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 868 please install the svn package or port. 869 87020210611: 871 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 872 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 873 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 874 87520210610: 876 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 877 87820210608: 879 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 880 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 881https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 882 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 883 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 884 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 885 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 886 88720210525: 888 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 889 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 890 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 891 detect this. 892 89320210513: 894 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 895 libraries and utilities are packaged. 896 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 897 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 898 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 899 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 900 on the system. 901 90220210426: 903 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 904 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 905 need to be rebuilt from sources. 906 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 907 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 908 is not recommended. 909 91020210411: 911 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 912 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 913 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 914 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 915 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 916 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 917 91820210330: 919 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 920 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 921 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 922 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 923 92420210225: 925 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 926 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 927 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 928 92920210128: 930 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 931 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 932 update. 933 93420210121: 935 stable/13 branch created. 936 93720210108: 938 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 939 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 940 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 941 since it was bumped so recently. 942 94320210107: 944 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 945 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 946 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 947 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 948 94920210105: 950 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 951 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 952 requires a clean build. 953 95420201223: 955 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 956 instructions can be found at 957 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 958 and other documents in that repo. 959 96020201216: 961 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 962 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 963 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 964 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 965 96620201215: 967 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 968 may be installed from ports or packages. 969 97020201124: 971 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 972 See ping(8) for details. 973 97420201108: 975 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 976 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 977 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 978 97920201030: 980 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 981 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 982 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 983 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 984 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 985 98620201026: 987 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 988 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 989 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 990 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 991 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 992 find. 993 99420200923: 995 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 996 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 997 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 998 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 999 1000 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 1001 command you want to un-auger the tree is 1002 cd sys/amd64/conf 1003 svn revert -R . 1004 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 1005 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 1006 100720200824: 1008 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 1009 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 1010 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 1011 unless you want to use new features. 1012 1013 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 1014 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 1015 rebuilding world may fail. 1016 1017 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 1018 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 1019 1020 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 1021 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 1022 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 1023 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 1024 102520200824: 1026 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 1027 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 1028 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 1029 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 1030 103120200821: 1032 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 1033 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 1034 sources. 1035 103620200817: 1037 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 1038 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 1039 104020200816: 1041 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1042 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1043 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1044 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1045 104620200810: 1047 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 1048 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 1049 from sources, so a version bump was done. 1050 105120200807: 1052 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 1053 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 1054 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 1055 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 1056 105720200729: 1058 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 1059 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 1060 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 1061 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 1062 continue to function. 1063 1064 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 1065 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 1066 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 1067 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 1068 106920200627: 1070 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 1071 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 1072 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 1073 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 1074 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 1075 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 1076 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 1077 107820200625: 1079 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 1080 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 1081 108220200613: 1083 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 1084 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 1085 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 1086 108720200604: 1088 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 1089 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 1090 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 1091 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 1092 1093 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 1094 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 1095 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 1096 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 1097 /root/.shrc. 1098 109920200523: 1100 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1101 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1102 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1103 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1104 110520200512: 1106 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 1107 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 1108 110920200424: 1110 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 1111 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 1112 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 1113 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 1114 be functional without closefrom(2). 1115 111620200414: 1117 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 1118 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 1119 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 1120 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 1121 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 1122 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 1123 112420200310: 1125 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1126 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1127 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1128 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1129 113020200309: 1131 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 1132 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 1133 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 1134 113520200301: 1136 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 1137 113820200229: 1139 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 1140 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 1141 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 1142 114320200229: 1144 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 1145 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 1146 114720200229: 1148 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 1149 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 1150 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 1151 ports or packages. 1152 115320200220: 1154 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 1155 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 1156 ncurses. 1157 115820200217: 1159 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 1160 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 1161 together with their new kernel. 1162 116320200212: 1164 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 1165 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 1166 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 1167 1168 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 1169 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 1170 117120200108: 1172 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 1173 linker for riscv64. 1174 117520200107: 1176 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 1177 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 1178 external toolchain package. 1179 118020200104: 1181 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 1182 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 1183 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 1184 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 1185 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 1186 118720200102: 1188 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 1189 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 1190 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 1191 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 1192 119320191226: 1194 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 1195 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 1196 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 1197 ABI. 1198 119920191226: 1200 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 1201 120220191222: 1203 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1204 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1205 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1206 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1207 120820191212: 1209 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 1210 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 1211 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 1212 121320191205: 1214 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 1215 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 1216 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 1217 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 1218 differences between those included in the port and those included in 1219 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 1220 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 1221 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 1222 122320191120: 1224 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 1225 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 1226 for automounting. 1227 122820191107: 1229 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 1230 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 1231 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 1232 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 1233 add superio to the set. 1234 123520191021: 1236 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 1237 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 1238 123920191021: 1240 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 1241 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 1242 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 1243 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 1244 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 1245 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 1246 completely in the future. 1247 124820191009: 1249 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 1250 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 1251 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 1252 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 1253 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 1254 will be removed from the list. 1255 125620191009: 1257 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1258 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1259 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1260 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1261 126220191003: 1263 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 1264 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 1265 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 1266 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 1267 126820190913: 1269 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 1270 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 1271 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 1272 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 1273 127420190823: 1275 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 1276 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 1277 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 1278 127920190727: 1280 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 1281 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 1282 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 1283 your scripts, because they had no effect. 1284 1285 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 1286 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 1287 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 1288 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 1289 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 1290 129120190713: 1292 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 1293 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 1294 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 1295 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 1296 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 1297 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 1298 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 1299 130020190620: 1301 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 1302 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 1303 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 1304 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 1305 130620190612: 1307 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1308 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1309 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1310 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1311 131220190608: 1313 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 1314 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 1315 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 1316 131720190513: 1318 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 1319 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 1320 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 1321 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 1322 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 1323 avoid running into the limit. 1324 132520190507: 1326 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 1327 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 1328 132920190507: 1330 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 1331 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 1332 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 1333 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 1334 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 1335 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 1336 133720190418: 1338 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 1339 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 1340 entropy: 1341 1342 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 1343 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 1344 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 1345 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 1346 availability properties. 1347 1348 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 1349 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 1350 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 1351 initial condition, if desired. 1352 1353 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 1354 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 1355 1356 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 1357 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 1358 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 1359 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 1360 136120190416: 1362 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 1363 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 1364 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 1365 therefore unblocked). 1366 136720190404: 1368 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 1369 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 1370 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 1371 is added to the command line. 1372 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 1373 not affected and should continue to work. 1374 137520190320: 1376 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 1377 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 1378 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 1379 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 1380 138120190304: 1382 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1383 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1384 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1385 or higher. 1386 138720190226: 1388 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 1389 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 1390 kernel config. 1391 139220190219: 1393 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 1394 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 1395 migrating to the drm ports. 1396 139720190131: 1398 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 1399 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 1400 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 1401 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 1402 is loaded automatically. 1403 140420190125: 1405 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 1406 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 1407 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 1408 kernel config files. 1409 141020181230: 1411 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 1412 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 1413 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 1414 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 1415 141620181220: 1417 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 1418 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 1419 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 1420 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 1421 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 1422 most NFSv4 mounts. 1423 142420181219: 1425 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 1426 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 1427 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 1428 1429 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 1430 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 1431 1432 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 1433 removed from the mips port. 1434 143520181211: 1436 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1437 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1438 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1439 or higher. 1440 144120181211: 1442 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 1443 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 1444 144520181126: 1446 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 1447 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 1448 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 1449 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 1450 145120181123: 1452 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 1453 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 1454 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 1455 145620181115: 1457 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 1458 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 1459 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 1460 FreeBSD versions. 1461 146220181110: 1463 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 1464 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 1465 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 1466 1467 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 1468 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 1469 being included using the command: 1470 $ newsyslog -Nrv 1471 147220181019: 1473 Stable/12 was branched created. 1474 147520181015: 1476 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 1477 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 1478 drm-legacy-kmod. 1479 1480 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 1481 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 1482 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 1483 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 1484 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 1485 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 1486 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 1487 that as you will get better support. 1488 1489 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 1490 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 1491 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 1492 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 1493 1494 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 1495 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 1496 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 1497 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 1498 shortly. 1499 150020181012: 1501 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 1502 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 1503 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 1504 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 1505 be adjusted as necessary. 1506 150720181009: 1508 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 1509 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 1510 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 1511 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 1512 151320181006: 1514 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 1515 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 1516 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 1517 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 1518 encouraged. 1519 152020181002: 1521 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 1522 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 1523 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 1524 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 1525 nda device name. 1526 152720180913: 1528 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 1529 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 1530 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 1531 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 1532 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 1533 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 1534 153520180826: 1536 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 1537 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 1538 default since FreeBSD-11. 1539 154020180822: 1541 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 1542 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 1543 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 1544 154520180818: 1546 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 1547 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 1548 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 1549 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 1550 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 1551 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 1552 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 1553 1554 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 1555 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 1556 155720180815: 1558 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 1559 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 1560 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 1561 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 1562 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 1563 may not be observed in a future release. 1564 156520180808: 1566 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 1567 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 1568 your environment. 1569 157020180731: 1571 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 1572 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 1573 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 1574 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 1575 157620180730: 1577 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 1578 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 1579 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 1580 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 1581 runtime services. 1582 158320180727: 1584 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 1585 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 1586 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 1587 158820180723: 1589 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 1590 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 1591 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 1592 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 1593 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 1594 159520180720: 1596 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 1597 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 1598 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 1599 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 1600 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 1601 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 1602 160320180719: 1604 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1605 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1606 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1607 boot_serial=YES 1608 boot_multicons=YES 1609 in /boot/loader.conf 1610 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1611 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1612 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1613 161420180719: 1615 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1616 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1617 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1618 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1619 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1620 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1621 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1622 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1623 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1624 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1625 by the ntpd user. 1626 162720180717: 1628 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1629 163020180711: 1631 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1632 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1633 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1634 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1635 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1636 163720180705: 1638 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1639 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1640 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1641 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1642 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1643 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1644 164520180702: 1646 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1647 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1648 164920180701: 1650 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1651 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1652 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1653 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1654 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1655 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1656 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1657 165820180630: 1659 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1660 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1661 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1662 or higher. 1663 166420180628: 1665 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1666 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1667 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1668 file. 1669 167020180612: 1671 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1672 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1673 167420180530: 1675 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1676 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1677 longer necessary. 1678 167920180530: 1680 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1681 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1682 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1683 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1684 168520180523: 1686 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1687 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1688 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1689 later than r334108. 1690 169120180517: 1692 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1693 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1694 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1695 it must be removed. 1696 169720180510: 1698 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1699 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1700 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1701 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1702 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1703 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1704 will go away. 1705 1706 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1707 workaround is necessary. 1708 170920180508: 1710 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1711 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1712 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1713 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1714 171520180504: 1716 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1717 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1718 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1719 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1720 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1721 172220180502: 1723 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1724 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1725 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1726 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1727 172820180501: 1729 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1730 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1731 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1732 be removed. 1733 173420180413: 1735 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1736 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1737 removed. 1738 173920180411: 1740 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1741 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1742 removed. 1743 174420180406: 1745 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1746 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1747 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1748 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1749 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1750 1751 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1752 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1753 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1754 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1755 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1756 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1757 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1758 1759 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1760 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1761 1762 source src { 1763 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1764 } 1765 1766 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1767 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1768 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1769 1770 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1771 1772 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1773 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1774 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1775 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1776 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1777 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1778 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1779 1780 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1781 change. 1782 178320180328: 1784 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1785 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1786 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1787 178820180323: 1789 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1790 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1791 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1792 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1793 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1794 should be as simple as: 1795 1796 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1797 $ make depend all install 1798 179920180212: 1800 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1801 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1802 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1803 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1804 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1805 provisions for backup boot methods. 1806 180720180211: 1808 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1809 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1810 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1811 imp@freebsd.org. 1812 181320180114: 1814 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1815 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1816 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1817 or higher. 1818 181920180110: 1820 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1821 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1822 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1823 1824 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1825 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1826 182720180110: 1828 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1829 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1830 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1831 remove it from kernel config files. 1832 183320180104: 1834 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1835 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1836 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1837 1838 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1839 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1840 184120180102: 1842 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1843 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1844 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1845 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1846 184720171215: 1848 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1849 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1850 185120171214: 1852 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1853 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1854 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1855 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1856 185720171125: 1858 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1859 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1860 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1861 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1862 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1863 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1864 186520171110: 1866 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1867 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1868 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1869 187020171106: 1871 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1872 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1873 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1874 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1875 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1876 187720171102: 1878 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1879 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1880 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1881 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1882 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1883 environment. 1884 188520171101: 1886 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1887 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1888 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1889 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1890 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1891 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1892 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1893 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1894 than hardcoding paths. 1895 189620171028: 1897 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1898 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1899 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1900 190120171021: 1902 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1903 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1904 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1905 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1906 190720171010: 1908 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1909 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1910 191120171005: 1912 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1913 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1914 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1915 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1916 191720171003: 1918 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1919 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1920 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1921 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1922 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1923 192420170912: 1925 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1926 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1927 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1928 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1929 /etc/ctl.conf . 1930 193120170912: 1932 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1933 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1934 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1935 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1936 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1937 193820170826: 1939 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1940 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1941 194220170825: 1943 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1944 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1945 to complete. 1946 194720170814: 1948 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1949 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1950 ${TESTSDIR}. 1951 1952 Behavioral changes: 1953 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1954 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1955 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1956 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1957 1958 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1959 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1960 sandbox if successful. 1961 1962 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1963 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1964 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1965 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1966 an unprivileged user. 1967 196820170808: 1969 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1970 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1971 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1972 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1973 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1974 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1975 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1976 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1977 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1978 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1979 to which you should answer yes. 1980 198120170728: 1982 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1983 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1984 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1985 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1986 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1987 198820170722: 1989 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1990 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1991 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1992 199320170701: 1994 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1995 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1996 199720170625: 1998 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1999 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 2000 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 2001 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 2002 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 2003 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 2004 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 2005 200620170623: 2007 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 2008 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 2009 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 2010 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 2011 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 2012 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 2013 201420170620: 2015 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 2016 if you require the GPL compiler. 2017 201820170619: 2019 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 2020 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 2021 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 2022 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 2023 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 2024 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 2025 202620170618: 2027 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 2028 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 2029 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 2030 203120170617: 2032 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 2033 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 2034 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 2035 followed. 2036 203720170531: 2038 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 2039 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 2040 from ports (and recommends to install it). 2041 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 2042 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 2043 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 2044 204520170524: 2046 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 2047 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 2048 which only require one chipset support. 2049 2050 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 2051 2052 if_ath_load="YES" 2053 2054 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 2055 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 2056 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 2057 2058 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 2059 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 2060 2061 * load ath_hal 2062 * load the chip modules in question 2063 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 2064 * load ath_main 2065 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 2066 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 2067 2068 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 2069 207020170523: 2071 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 2072 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 2073 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 2074 2075 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 2076 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 2077 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 2078 2079 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 2080 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 2081 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 2082 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 2083 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 2084 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 2085 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 2086 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 2087 208820170424: 2089 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 2090 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 2091 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 2092 209320170420: 2094 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 2095 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 2096 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 2097 209820170413: 2099 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 2100 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 2101 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 2102 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 2103 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 2104 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 2105 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 2106 210720170407: 2108 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 2109 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 2110 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 2111 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 2112 211320170405: 2114 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 2115 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 2116 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 2117 211820170331: 2119 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 2120 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 2121 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 2122 212320170329: 2124 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 2125 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 2126 2127 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 2128 via one of the following methods: 2129 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 2130 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 2131 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 2132 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 2133 2134 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 2135 213620170316: 2137 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 2138 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 2139 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 2140 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 2141 with mmc.ko). 2142 214320170315: 2144 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 2145 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 2146 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 2147 be prefixed with colon. 2148 214920170311: 2150 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 2151 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 2152 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 2153 215420170302: 2155 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 2156 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2157 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2158 215920170221: 2160 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 2161 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 2162 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 2163 change. 2164 216520170216: 2166 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 2167 valid. 2168 216920170215: 2170 MCA bus support has been removed. 2171 217220170127: 2173 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 2174 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 2175 217620170112: 2177 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 2178 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 2179 218020170109: 2181 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 2182 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 2183 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 2184 configuration. 2185 218620161217: 2187 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 2188 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2189 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2190 219120161124: 2192 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 2193 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2194 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2195 219620161119: 2197 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 2198 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 2199 that link against it need to be recompiled. 2200 220120161030: 2202 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 2203 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 2204 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 2205 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 2206 220720161017: 2208 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 2209 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 2210 parts. 2211 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 2212 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 2213 221420161015: 2215 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 2216 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 2217 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 2218 removed from base. 2219 222020161008: 2221 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 2222 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 2223 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 2224 222520161003: 2226 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 2227 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 2228 222920160924: 2230 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 2231 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 2232 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 2233 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 2234 223520160918: 2236 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 2237 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 2238 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 2239 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 2240 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 2241 224220160918: 2243 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 2244 224520160908: 2246 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 2247 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 2248 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 2249 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 2250 225120160824: 2252 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 2253 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 2254 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 2255 to 1200005. 2256 225720160818: 2258 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 2259 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 2260 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 2261 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 2262 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 2263 0. 2264 226520160818: 2266 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 2267 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 2268 226920160708: 2270 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 2271 2272After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 2273from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 2274entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 2275UPDATING file. 2276 2277COMMON ITEMS: 2278 2279 General Notes 2280 ------------- 2281 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 2282 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 2283 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 2284 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 2285 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 2286 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 2287 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 2288 report a bug if it happens consistently. 2289 2290 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 2291 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 2292 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 2293 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 2294 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 2295 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 2296 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 2297 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 2298 an exception. 2299 2300 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 2301 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 2302 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 2303 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 2304 step. 2305 2306 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 2307 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 2308 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 2309 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 2310 2311 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 2312 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 2313 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 2314 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 2315 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 2316 should write them with this in mind. 2317 2318 ZFS notes 2319 --------- 2320 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 2321 always follow these three steps: 2322 2323 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 2324 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 2325 2326 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 2327 doing a zpool upgrade): 2328 2329 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 2330 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 2331 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 2332 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 2333 2334 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 2335 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 2336 zpool upgrade. 2337 2338 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 2339 2340 EFI notes 2341 --------- 2342 2343 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 2344 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 2345 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 2346 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 2347 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 2348 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 2349 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 2350 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 2351 2352 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 2353 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 2354 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 2355 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 2356 2357 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 2358 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 2359 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 2360 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 2361 2362 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 2363 2364 To build a kernel 2365 ----------------- 2366 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 2367 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 2368 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 2369 2370 make kernel-toolchain 2371 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2372 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2373 2374 If you are running kernel modules from ports, see FOOTNOTE [1]. 2375 2376 To test a kernel once 2377 --------------------- 2378 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 2379 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 2380 debugging information) run 2381 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 2382 nextboot -k testkernel 2383 2384 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 2385 ----------------------------------------------------------- 2386 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 2387 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 2388 2389 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> [2] 2390 make buildworld 2391 <make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set> [1] 2392 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2393 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2394 <reboot in single user> [3] 2395 etcupdate -p [5] 2396 make installworld 2397 etcupdate -B [4] 2398 make delete-old [6] 2399 <reboot> 2400 2401 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 2402 -------------------------------------------------- 2403 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 2404 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 2405 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 2406 # size. 2407 2408 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2409 <boot into -stable> 2410 make buildworld 2411 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [1] 2412 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 2413 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 2414 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 2415 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 2416 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 2417 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 2418 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 2419 <reboot into current> 2420 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 2421 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 2422 <reboot> 2423 2424 2425 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 2426 ---------------------------------------------- 2427 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> [2] 2428 make buildworld [9] 2429 <make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set> [1] 2430 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 2431 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2432 <reboot in single user> [3] 2433 etcupdate -p [5] 2434 make installworld 2435 etcupdate -B [4] 2436 make delete-old [6] 2437 <reboot> 2438 2439 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 2440 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 2441 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 2442 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 2443 the UPDATING entries. 2444 2445 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 2446 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 2447 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 2448 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 2449 much fewer pitfalls. 2450 2451FOOTNOTES: 2452 2453 [1] If you have third party modules, such as drm-kmod or vmware, you 2454 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your system on 2455 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 2456 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 2457 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 2458 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 2459 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 2460 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 2461 and effective, eg: 2462 PORTS_MODULES+=graphics/drm-kmod graphics/nvidia-drm-kmod 2463 2464 [2] To make complete dumps on zfs(4), use bectl(8), which 2465 creates bootable snapshots of configurable depth that are 2466 selectable via the bootloader. For ufs(4), use dump(8) and 2467 restore(8). 2468 2469 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 2470 fsck -p 2471 mount -u / 2472 mount -a 2473 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 2474 cd src # full path to source 2475 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 2476 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 2477 into single user mode to do the installworld. 2478 2479 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 2480 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 2481 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 2482 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 2483 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 2484 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 2485 2486 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 2487 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 2488 step. 2489 2490 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 2491 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 2492 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 2493 2494 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 2495 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 2496 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 2497 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 2498 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 2499 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 2500 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 2501 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 2502 2503 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 2504 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 2505 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 2506 for these as well. 2507 2508 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 2509 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 2510 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 2511 2512 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 2513 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 2514 warn if it is improperly defined. 2515FORMAT: 2516 2517This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 2518breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 2519list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 2520If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 2521to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 2522 2523Copyright information: 2524 2525Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 2526 2527Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 2528modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 2529document are permitted without further permission from the author. 2530 2531THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 2532IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 2533WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 2534DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 2535INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 2536(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 2537SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 2538HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 2539STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 2540IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 2541POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 2542 2543Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 2544this document. 2545