xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 60eb371c2b9aab8cfe3196dc960cc5db1f0ec584)
1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 16.x IS SLOW:
16	FreeBSD 16.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
20	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
21	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
22	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
26	debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27	world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28	at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
29
3020251222:
31	Commit 9f49f436a9ec changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
32	modules. As such, nfscommon, nfscl and nfsd must all be rebuilt
33	from sources.
34
3520251212:
36	Timeouts for SCSI bus probing have been drastically reduced. They are
37	now tuneables that can be set in the boot loader should you have a
38	device that requires a longer-than-standards imply timeout but
39	none-the-less works.
40
41	kern.cam.tur_timeout		(default was 60s, now 1s)
42	kern.cam.inquiry_timeout	(default was 60s, now 1s)
43	kern.cam.reportluns_timeout	(default is 60s)
44	kern.cam.modesense_timeout	(default was 60s, now 1s)
45
4620251115:
47	The FreeBSD-base repository is now defined in /etc/pkg/FreeBSD.conf,
48	disabled by default.  In -CURRENT and -STABLE this points at nightly
49	builds on pkg.freebsd.org; for BETA/RC/RELEASE builds it points at
50	release engineering builds on pkgbase.freebsd.org.
51
52	Users of pkgbase will need to replace any existing definition of the
53	FreeBSD-base repository in /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/ with a single
54	line "FreeBSD-base: { enabled: yes }".
55
5620251110:
57	OpenPAM (including libpam and the PAM modules) has moved to the new
58	"pam" package.  The pam-lib subpackage, which includes libpam, will
59	be automatically installed when required.
60
61	If you have set-minimal(-jail) installed, the pam base package which
62	contains the PAM modules will also be automatically installed.
63	If you don't, you MUST manually install the FreeBSD-pam package if you
64	need to authenticate users, otherwise you won't be able to log in.
65
66	This change only affects pkgbase users.
67
6820251105:
69	pf(4) now supports nat64 via the af-to keyword.
70
7120251102:
72	Commit e5aa60d06958 changed the internal KAPI between
73	the NFS modules.  As such, they all need to be rebuilt
74	from sources.  __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1600004 for this.
75
7620251025:
77	flua(1) has moved to the new FreeBSD-flua package.  If you use flua,
78	you may want to install this package if it's not otherwise installed
79	as a dependency of something else.  This change only affects pkgbase
80	users.
81
8220251021:
83	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1600002 for LinuxKPI.  An embedded struct
84	has changed size and might possibly be an issue otherwise.
85
8620251016:
87	With the migration to OpenZFS in FreeBSD 13.x a number of ZFS sysctls
88	moved to new locations, but backwards compatibility aliases were
89	provided.  These aliases will be removed in the near future.  Please
90	update /etc/sysctl.conf to reference the new OIDs.  For example,
91
92	        vfs.zfs.min_auto_ashift=12
93
94	needs to be changed to
95
96	        vfs.zfs.vdev.min_auto_ashift=12
97
9820251015:
99	The "FreeBSD-unbound" package is renamed to "FreeBSD-local-unbound".
100	If you have set-optional or set-base installed, the new package will
101	be installed automatically, otherwise you should manually install the
102	new package and remove the old one.
103
104	This change only affects pkgbase users.
105
10620251012:
107	Blacklist has been renamed upstream to Blocklist.  If you have it
108	configured, rename all configuration files, firewall anchors or
109	sentinel files to reflect the new nomenclature.  Old setups will
110	continue to work emitting a warning.
111
11220251002:
113	Audio-related utilities including mixer(8) and virtual_oss(8) have
114	moved to the new FreeBSD-sound package.  If you have set-optional or
115	set-base installed this package will be installed automatically,
116	otherwise you should install it manually if you need these utilities.
117
11820250929:
119	Both drm-kmod and nividia-drm ports had to be updated to either no
120	longer conflict on LinuxKPI vs. native PCI changes and/or to keep
121	working after some LinuxKPI PCI adjustments which were previously
122	hidden behind native PCI.
123	Bump __FreeBSD_version 1600001 so users will pick up updated packages.
124
12520250929:
126	The deprecated ftpd(8) has been removed.  Users who still need ftpd
127	can install the ftp/freebsd-ftpd port.  pkgbase users should remove
128	the orphaned FreeBSD-ftpd package.
129
13020250923:
131	Several changes which affect pkgbase users (only):
132
133	powerd has been moved to a new FreeBSD-powerd package.  If you have
134	FreeBSD-set-minimal installed, the new package will be installed
135	automatically, otherwise you may want to install it by hand.
136
137	libpmc and related utilities (/usr/sbin/pmc*) have moved to the new
138	FreeBSD-pmc package.  If you use these, you may want to install the
139	package.
140
141	The libbz2 package has been renamed to bzip2, and /usr/bin/bzip2 has
142	been moved to the new package.  If you have set-minimal installed,
143	the new package will be added automatically, otherwise you may want
144	to manually install it.
145
146	This only affects pkgbase users.
147
14820250918:
149	mandoc (including /usr/bin/man) has been moved to a new package,
150	FreeBSD-mandoc.  If you have the minimal set installed, this package
151	will be installed automatically, otherwise you may want to install it.
152
153	Kyua has been moved to the FreeBSD-kyua package, and ATF has been moved
154	to the FreeBSD-atf* packages.  If you have FreeBSD-tests installed,
155	these packages will be installed automatically, otherwise you should
156	manually install them if you need these tools.
157
158	This only affects pkgbase users.
159
16020250912:
161	If SRCCONF is unset and a file named src.conf is present at
162	the top of the source tree, it will now be used instead of
163	/etc/src.conf.
164
16520250907:
166	The MANSPLITPKG knob has been turned off by default, so pkgbase builds
167	will no longer generate "-man" subpackages; instead the manpages will
168	be shipped in the packages they belong to.  If you want to continue
169	building split man packages, set WITH_MANSPLITPKG=1.
170
17120250905:
172	FreeBSD 16.0-CURRENT.
173
17420250903:
175	The BLOAT_KERNEL_WITH_EXTERR kernel config option has been renamed to
176	EXTERR_STRINGS.
177
17820250827:
179	The names of pkg repositories defined in /etc/pkg/FreeBSD.conf have
180	changed: "FreeBSD" is now "FreeBSD-ports", and "FreeBSD-kmods" is now
181	"FreeBSD-ports-kmods".  Users with /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos files
182	which override these will need to adjust their configuration to match
183	the new names.
184
18520250823:
186	The set of pkgbase packages for Kerberos and OpenSSL has changed.
187	After updating past 250e77d4f0a5, you should check 'pkg orphans'
188	and remove any orphaned packages, then examine the output of
189	'pkg install -r base -g FreeBSD-openssl\* FreeBSD-kerberos\*'
190	and install any new packages you need.
191
19220250823:
193	To restore bridge(4)'s ABI compatibility with ifconfig from 14.x or
194	earlier, the size of struct ifbreq has changed, so you must update
195	the kernel and /sbin/ifconfig at the same time or you will not be
196	able to add interfaces to bridge.  This is particularly important
197	if you require bridge for network access during boot, in which case
198	you should install the new kernel and the new /sbin/ifconfig prior
199	to rebooting.
200
20120250820:
202	The WITHOUT_GSSAPI src.conf knob has been removed.  This was already
203	a no-op for MIT Kerberos, so this only affects builds which set
204	WITHOUT_MITKRB5=1, in which case you now always get libgssapi.
205
206	Also, Heimdal's compile_et and libcom_err are now controlled by
207	WITHOUT_KERBEROS, not WITHOUT_KERBEROS_SUPPORT.  This matches
208	the behaviour of the MIT Kerberos versions.
209
21020250820:
211	Commits 08c7dd2fbe4f and a4197ea47777 have changed the ABI between
212	libvmmapi and the vmm device. If using a custom kernel configuration,
213	please ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD14 option is included so older
214	versions of libvmmapi continue working as expected.
215
21620250819:
217	The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-on to default-off.
218	This reverts the 20250808 change below, which had reverted the 20240729
219	change before it.  Note that some src.conf(5) options are known to break
220	ABI or compatibility in ways that may require a clean build initially
221	when switched.
222
22320250816:
224	Sendmail's libmilter has been moved to its own package.  If you want
225	to compile applications that use libmilter, you should install the
226	FreeBSD-libmilter* packages.
227
228	If you only have FreeBSD-sendmail installed for applications that
229	require libmilter, you can now remove it.
230
23120250815:
232	The [gs]etgroups(2)syscalls have changed. To maintain backwards
233	compatibility with existing programs, you need COMPAT_FREEBSD14 in
234	your kernel config until all applications which use this are
235	rebuild/reinstalled.
236
23720250815:
238	jemalloc 5.3.0 has been committed to the tree.
239
24020250815:
241	The removal of Secure RPC DES authentication noted in 20250810
242	has been reverted.  (However, it is still non-functional.)
243
24420250813:
245	Commit cce64f2e6851 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
246	modules.  As such, all of them need to be rebuilt from sources.
247	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1500060 already today,
248	 so I will not bump it again for this.
249
25020250813:
251	The gpiobus_attach_bus() function has been removed. Drivers should now
252	use the gpiobus_add_bus() function instead. The difference being that
253	gpiobus_add_bus() doesn't call bus_attach_children(), calling it will
254	be the responsibility of the caller now.
255
25620250810:
257	Support for Secure RPC DES authentication has been removed.
258	The keyserv(8) daemon was already removed, but support for it in libc
259	has also been removed, so if you somehow still had keyserv installed,
260	it will now stop working.  There is no workaround for this.  Removing
261	DES is considered a feature.
262
26320250808:
264	The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-off to
265	default-on.  This reverts the 20240729 change below.
266
26720250807:
268	routed(8) and route6d(8) have moved to the FreeBSD-rip package.
269	If you use either of these, you should install the new package.
270
27120250806:
272	if_epair(4) now uses ether_gen_addr(9) to generate a stable MAC
273	address.
274	To keep using the random address, set the loader tunable
275	net.link.epair.ether_gen_addr=0.
276
27720250804:
278	bsdconfig (including sysrc(8)) has moved to the new bsdconfig
279	package.  If you use pkgbase and wish to use bsdconfig, you should
280	install FreeBSD-bsdconfig.
281
28220250730:
283	The usbhid(4) USB HID driver is now enabled by default, and will be
284	used in preference to other USB HID drivers like ukbd(4), ums(4), and
285	uhid(4).  Work on a FIDO/U2F driver and moused(8) is in progress.
286	The default is being switched now so that we can find and fix any
287	additional issues prior to FreeBSD 15.0.
288
289	To revert to the previous USB HID driver behavior, set the loader
290	tunable hw.usb.usbhid.enable=0.
291
29220250727:
293	bmake (i.e., /usr/bin/make and /usr/share/mk) has moved to a new
294	package, FreeBSD-bmake.  If you use pkgbase and you need make, you
295	should install this package.
296
29720250726:
298	amd64 kernel configurations must contain "options SMP".
299
30020250725:
301	gssd(8) has been moved to a new package, FreeBSD-gssd.  If you use
302	pkgbase and you need gssd, you should install this package.
303
30420250724:
305	The Kerberos packages which are built when WITH_MITKRB5 is enabled
306	have been renamed from FreeBSD-krb5* to FreeBSD-kerberos*.  This
307	affects pkgbase users who manually enabled WITH_MITKRB5, *or* use
308	the default value of WITH_MITKRB5 and updated past c7da9fb90b0b
309	(20250721) which made WITH_MITKRB5 the default.
310
311	In either case, if you have FreeBSD-krb5* packages installed, you
312	should remove them and (re)install the equivalent FreeBSD-kerberos*
313	packages instead.
314
31520250721:
316	WITH_MITKRB5 is now enabled by default. MIT KRB5 has replaced
317	Heimdal in base. Ports that use USES=gssapi must be rebuilt.
318	A clean buildworld is required.
319
32020250719:
321	Commits 392a82b225 and c00baac0ab both changed the
322	internal API between the NFS modules.  As such, all
323	these modules need to be rebuilt from sources.
324	__FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1500053 for this.
325
32620250710:
327	The shar(1) utility has been removed from base.  The
328	sysutils/freebsd-shar port was created to maintain this version of
329	shar(1) past its removal from base.
330
33120250704:
332	LinuxKPI device.h and acpi changes effecting drivers and drm-kmod.
333	Bump __FreeBSD_version 1500050 to be able to detect these changes.
334
33520250630:
336	Commits 171f66b0c2ca and 8e2a90ac8089 changed the internal
337	api between nfscommon.ko and the other nfs modules.
338	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500049 for this.
339	All NFS related modules must be rebuilt from up-to-date
340	sources.
341
34220250625:
343	"make delete-old" will now remove the Forth bootloader entirely
344	if the system is built with WITHOUT_FORTH.
345
34620250614:
347	MIT KRB5 (MIT Kerberos5) has been imported into 15-CURRENT. To
348	and install MIT KRB5, add WITH_MITKRB5=yes to /etc/src.conf. This
349	will build and install MIT KRB5 1.21.3. And it will remove Heimdal
350	1.5.2 when delete-old and delete-old-libs are run. To revert back
351	simply buildworld/installworld again with delete-old-libs and
352	delete-old.
353
354	At the moment we only know of a couple of ports that might be
355	affected. Adjusting libmap.conf does not circumvent runtime issues.
356	The few affected ports must be rebuilt. A successful exp-run will be
357	run before MIT KRB5 becomes default.
358
359	Those using the KDC in FreeBSD base may wish to wait. The Heimdal
360	HDB is incompatible with the MIT KRB5 KDC. The migration procedure
361	is a little involved.
362
36320250603:
364	LinuxKPI dma-mapping.h were pulled into the tree from drm-kmod.
365	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1500045 to be able to detect this change.
366
36720250527:
368	pf changed extension header handling. It now treats AH headers on IPv4 just
369	like AH headers on IPv6 and skips over them, allowing filtering on the inner
370	protocol.
371
37220250527:
373	pf now blocks IPv6 packets with a hop-by-hop or destination options header by
374	default. Such packets can be passed by adding "allow-opts" to the rule. IPv6
375	options are now handled just like their IPv4 counterparts.
376
37720250527:
378	The CAM target layer userland, i.e. ctld(8), ctladm(8) and ctlstat(8),
379	has moved to the new FreeBSD-ctl package.  If you use pkgbase and you
380	need the CAM Target Layer, you should install the new package.
381
382	Development-related tools (e.g. ar and nm) have moved to the new
383	"FreeBSD-toolchain" package, which subsumes and obsoletes the
384	existing "FreeBSD-elftoolchain" package.  If you use pkgbase and
385	need to compile software, you should install the new package and
386	ensure the old FreeBSD-elftoolchain* packages are completely removed.
387
38820250521:
389	Commit e64fe5ad3a23 removed in6_maxmtu and its setter in6_setmaxmtu().
390	in6_maxmtu is used to store the max IPv6 MTU of all interfaces,
391	however it does not have any in-tree consumers since the introduction
392	from the KAME project. The removal should have little impact, and the
393	max IPv6 MTU can be easily retrieved by iterating over all the attached
394	interface if 3rd party modules need it.
395
39620250515:
397	Commit 772258c89f28 changed the internal API between the nfscommon
398	and nfscl modules.  Both need to be built from updated sources.
399
40020250513:
401	The bridge(4) sysctl net.link.bridge.member_ifaddrs now defaults to 0,
402	meaning that interfaces added to a bridge may not have IP addresses
403	assigned.  Refer to bridge(4) for more information.
404
40520250507:
406	UMASS quirks and auto-quirk probing has been overhauled. CAM now won't
407	send SYNCHRONIZE CACHE unless MODE PAGE 8 is present and valid. This
408	should allow more devices to work (since the auto quirk code was updated
409	in 14 and broke several e-readers and the like). Please send imp@freebsd.org
410	any regression reports.
411
41220250504:
413	Commit 9419e086e1a3 changed the internal API between the nfscommon
414	and nfscl modules.  Both need to be built from updated sources.
415
41620250412:
417	LinuxKPI alloc routines were changed to return physically contiguous
418	memory where expected. These changes may require out-of-tree drivers
419	to be recompiled.
420	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500037 to be able to detect this change.
421
42220250409:
423	Intel iwlwifi firmware has been removed from the src repository.
424	Before updating their system, users of iwlwifi(4) or iwx(4) must
425	install the appropriate firmware for their chipset using fwget(8) or
426	building it from ports.
427
42820250314:
429	We now use LLVM's binary utilities (nm, objcopy, etc.) by default.
430	The WITHOUT_LLVM_BINUTILS src.conf(5) knob can be used to revert to
431	ELF Tool Chain tools if desired.
432
43320250303:
434	Commit 4a77657cbc01 changed the ABI between ipfw(8) and ipfw(4).
435	Please note that the old ipfw(8) binary will not work with the new
436	ipfw(4) module. Therefore, it is recommended to disable ipfw during
437	the upgrade, otherwise the host system may become inaccessible because
438	ipfw rules cannot be installed with the old binary.
439
44020250214:
441	Commit 4517fbfd4251 modified the internal API between the
442	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both of these modules
443	need to be rebuilt from sources.
444
44520250201:
446	The NFS related daemons, that provide RPC services to the kernel:
447	gssd(8), rpcbind(8), rpc.tlsservd(8) and rpc.tlsclntd(8), now use a
448	different transport - netlink(4) socket instead of unix(4).  Users of
449	NFS need to upgrade both kernel and world (binaries and libc) at once.
450	Also, any revision between 88cd1e17a7d8 and 99e5a70046da should be
451	avoided.
452
45320250129:
454	Defer the January 19, 2038 date limit in UFS1 filesystems to
455	February 7, 2106. This affects only UFS1 format filesystems.
456	See commit message 1111a44301da for details.
457
45820250127:
459	The Allwinner a10_timer driver has been renamed to aw_driver. If you
460	have a custom kernel configuration including the line 'device
461	a10_timer', it must be adjusted to 'device aw_timer'. The same applies
462	for device exclusions with 'nodevice'.
463
46420250106:
465	A new SOC_ROCKCHIP options appeared, so if you have a custom kernel configuration
466	targeting Rockchip SoC you need to add it so shared and mandatory drivers for
467	this SoC family will be selected.
468	Also a new rk8xx device was added, this select the base driver for Rockchip PMIC.
469
47020241223:
471	The layout of NFS file handles for the tarfs, tmpfs, cd9660, and ext2fs
472	file systems has changed.  An NFS server that exports any of these file
473	systems will need its clients to unmount and remount the exports.
474
47520241216:
476	The iwm(4) firmwares are no longer compiled as kernel modules but instead
477	shipped as raw files. For pkgbase users if you use iwm(4) you will need
478	to install the FreeBSD-firmware-iwm package.
479
48020241124:
481	The OpenBSD derived bc and dc implementations and the WITHOUT_GH_BC
482	option that allowed building them instead of the advanced version
483	imported more than 4 years ago have been removed.
484
48520241107:
486	The ng_ubt(4) driver now requires firmwares to be loaded on Realtek
487	adaptors with rtlbtfw(8) utility. It no longer attaches to devices
488	standing in bootloader mode. Firmware files are available in the
489	comms/rtlbt-firmware port.
490
49120241025:
492	The support for the rc_fast_and_loose variable has been removed from
493	rc.subr(8). Users setting rc_fast_and_loose on their systems are
494	advised to make sure their customizations to rc service scripts
495	do not depend on having a single shell environment shared across
496	all the rc service scripts during booting and shutdown.
497
49820241013:
499	The ciss driver was updated to cope better with hotplug events that
500	caused it to panic before, and to support more than 48 drives attached
501	to the card. These changes were made w/o benefit of hardware for testing
502	and ciss(4) users should be on the lookout for regressions.
503
50420240729:
505	The build now defaults to WITHOUT_CLEAN - i.e., no automatic clean
506	is performed at the beginning of buildworld or buildkernel.  The
507	WITH_CLEAN src.conf(5) knob can be used to restore the previous
508	behaviour.
509
510	If you encounter incremental build issues, please report them to the
511	freebsd-current mailing list so that a special-case dependency can be
512	added, if necessary.
513
51420240715:
515	We now lean more heavily on ACPI enumeration for some traditional
516	devices. uart has moved from isa to acpi so the hints act as wiring
517	instead of device enumeration. Hints for parallel port, floppy, etc
518	have been removed.  Before upgrading, grep your dmesg for lines like:
519		uart1: non-PNP ISA device will be removed from GENERIC in FreeBSD 15.
520	to see if you need to start including hints for the device on isa
521	in your loader.conf or device.hints file. APU1 (but not APU2) boards
522	are known to be affected, but there may be others.
523
52420240712:
525	Support for armv6 has been disconnected and is being removed.
526
52720240617:
528	ifconfig now treats IPv4 addresses without a width or mask as an error.
529	Specify the desired mask or width along with the IP address on the
530	ifconfig command line and in rc.conf.
531
53220240428:
533	OpenBSM auditing runtime (auditd, etc.) has been moved into the new
534	package FreeBSD-audit.  If you use OpenBSM auditing and pkgbase, you
535	should install FreeBSD-audit.
536
53720240424:
538	cron, lpr, and ntpd have been moved from FreeBSD-utilities into their
539	own packages.  If you use pkgbase, you should install the relevant
540	packages: FreeBSD-cron, FreeBSD-lp, or FreeBSD-ntp.
541
54220240406:
543	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
544	been upgraded to 18.1.6. It is important that you run `make delete-old`
545	as described in the COMMON ITEMS section, otherwise several libc++
546	headers that are obsolete and need to be removed can cause compilation
547	errors in C++ programs.
548
54920240205:
550	For dynamically linked programs, system calls are now made from
551	libsys rather than libc.  No change in linkage is required as
552	libsys is an auxiliary filter for libc.  People building custom
553	images must ensure that libsys.so.7 is included.
554
55520240202:
556	Loader now also read configuration files listed in local_loader_conf_files.
557	Files listed here are the last ones read. And /boot/loader.conf.local was
558	moved from loader_conf_files to local_loader_conf_files leaving only
559	loader.conf and device.hints in loader_conf_files by default.
560
561	The following sequencing is applied:
562
563	1. Bootstrap:
564	    /boot/defaults/loader.conf
565
566	2. Read loader_conf_files files:
567	    /boot/device.hints
568	    /boot/loader.conf
569
570	3. Read loader_conf_dirs files:
571	    /boot/loader.conf.d/*.conf
572
573	4. And finally, rread local_loader_conf_files files:
574	    /boot/loader.conf.local
575
57620240201:
577	sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged.  This version enforces
578	stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line
579	endings.  This may cause issues with receiving messages from
580	non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in
581	contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations.
582
58320240111:
584	Commit cc760de2183f changed the internal interface between
585	the nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both need to be
586	rebuilt from sources.  Therefore, __FreeBSD_version was
587	bumped to 1500010.
588
58920231120:
590	If you have an arm64 system that uses ACPI, you will need to update your
591	loader.efi in the ESP when you update past this point.  Detection of ACPI
592	was moved earlier in the binary so the scripts could use it, but old
593	binaries don't have this, so we default to 'no ACPI' in this case. You can
594	undisable ACPI by doing
595		OK unset hint.acpi.0.disabled
596	This can also be used to recover any other system that was updated in the
597	small window where amd64 was also broken.
598
59920231113:
600	The WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD option has been removed.  When LLD is enabled
601	it is always installed as /usr/bin/ld.
602
60320231027:
604	Forward compatibility (running the new code on old kernels) for the
605	"ino64" project have been removed. The need for it has passed long ago.
606
60720231018:
608	Commit 57ce37f9dcd0 changed the internal KAPI between the
609	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  Both must be rebuilt from sources.
610
61120231010:
612	dialog(1) has been replaced in base by bsddialog(1), while most of the
613	time replacing a dialog(1) call by a bsddialog(1) call works out of the
614	box, bsddialog(1) is not considered as a drop-in replacement for
615	dialog(1).
616
617	If you do depend on dialog(1) functionality, please install cdialog
618	from ports:
619
620	pkg install cdialog
621
62220230927:
623	The EARLY_AP_STARTUP kernel option is mandatory on x86.  The option
624	has been added to DEFAULTS, so it should automatically be included in
625	custom kernel configurations without any additional change.
626
62720230922:
628	A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default
629	behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required
630	recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP.
631
63220230914:
633	Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by
634	default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf.
635
63620230911:
637	Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang
638	internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems
639	installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow
640	for these file moves:
641
642		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities
643		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev
644		pkg upgrade -y
645
64620230909:
647	Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which
648	belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module
649	loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are
650	corresponding kernel environment variables.
651
65220230901:
653	The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have
654	been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively.
655
65620230824:
657	FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT.
658
65920230817:
660	Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has
661	been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry
662	practice and typical firmware serial console redirection
663	configuration.
664
665	Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not
666	support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may
667	set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot
668	components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start
669	with the serial port at 115200.
670
67120230807:
672	Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus-
673	frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is
674	integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's
675	no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or
676	"device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration.
677
67820230803:
679	MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config.
680	Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt.
681
68220230724:
683	CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
684	to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
685	BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
686	for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
687	the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
688
68920230713:
690	stable/14 branch created.
691
69220230629:
693	The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
694	atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
695	change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
696	file a PR and assign it to imp.
697
69820230623:
699	OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
700	the base system.  It is important to rebuild third-party software
701	after upgrading.
702
70320230619:
704	To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
705	filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
706	locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
707	delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
708
709		sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
710		service pf restart
711
712	When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
713	filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
714
71520230613:
716	Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
717	follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
718	authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
719	quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
720	already properly quoted or escaped.
721
72220230612:
723	Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
724	nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
725	nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
726	in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
727	config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
728	kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf.  The default has been nda on
729	all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
730	please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
731
732	Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
733	migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
734
73520230422:
736	Remove portsnap(8).  Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
737	using git instead.
738
73920230420:
740	Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
741	eg.
742		make buildworld-jobs
743	runs
744		make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
745
746	where JOB_MAX is derived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
747
74820230316:
749	Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
750	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
751	IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
752	"device imx6_ipu" to it.
753	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
754	TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
755	If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
756	exist anymore.
757
75820230221:
759	Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
760	for details.
761
76220230206:
763	sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
764	Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
765	`X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
766
76720230204:
768	Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
769	to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
770
77120230130:
772	As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
773	to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
774	to compile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
775
77620230126:
777	The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
778	system are now built unconditionally.
779
78020230113:
781	LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
782	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
783
78420221212:
785	llvm-objdump is now always installed as objdump.  Previously there was
786	no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
787
788	Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
789	GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
790	objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
791
79220221205:
793	dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta.  For people willing
794	to re-enable sendmail(8):
795
796	$ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
797
798	and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
799
80020221204:
801	hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
802	default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
803	the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
804	the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
805	needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
806	the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
807
808	NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
809
81020221122:
811	pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
812	These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
813	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
814
81520221121:
816	The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed.  When Clang is enabled
817	it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
818
81920221026:
820	Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
821	for pkgbase users to do:
822
823	pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
824	  FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
825
826	after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
827	installed.
828
82920221002:
830	OPIE has been removed from the base system.  If needed, it can
831	be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie).
832	Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference
833	pam_opie or pam_opieaccess.
834
83520220610:
836	LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
837	before re-compiling to avoid errors.
838
83920211230:
840	The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
841	have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
842	Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
843	be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
844	reflect this change.
845
84620211214:
847	A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
848	themselves.  A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
849
85020211209:
851	Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
852	mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
853	the coming days and weeks.
854
855	This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
856	or touch
857		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
858		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
859		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
860		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
861	before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
862
86320211202:
864	Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
865	by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
866	statement in unbound.conf:
867		local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
868
869	Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
870
871	The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
872	Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
873	using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
874	to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
875	belongs.  Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
876	such names when roaming to different homenets.
877
87820211110:
879	Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
880	that any of the included congestion control modules could be
881	the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
882	was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
883	this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
884	control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
885	default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
886	The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
887	as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
888	kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
889	fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
890
89120211118:
892	Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
893	tree shortly.
894
89520211106:
896	Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
897	The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
898	of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
899	may need to be modified.
900
90120211022:
902	The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
903	The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
904	support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
905
90620211020:
907	sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user.  To force root to use
908	the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
909
910	# chsh -s csh
911
91220211004:
913	Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
914	with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
915	to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
916	this change.
917
91820210923:
919	As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
920	ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
921	users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
922	list of modules to load on their systems.
923
92420210922:
925	As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
926	new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
927	information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
928	audio/freebsd-13-mixer
929
93020210911:
931	As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
932	been deleted from the nfscommon.ko.  As such, nfsd.ko must be built
933	from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
934	being loaded.
935
93620210817:
937	As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
938	by default.  Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
939	option.  This can be enabled globally by using a custom
940	OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
941	application-specific configuration option for applications
942	which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
943
94420210811:
945	Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
946	modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
947
94820210730:
949	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
950	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
951	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
952	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
953
95420210729:
955	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
956	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
957	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
958
95920210716:
960	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
961	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
962	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
963
96420210715:
965	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
966	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
967	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
968	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
969	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
970	to update your sources past the above hash and do
971		% cd usr.bin/awk
972		% make clean all
973		% sudo -E make install
974	to enable building kernels again.
975
97620210708:
977	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
978	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
979	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
980
98120210707:
982	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
983	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
984
98520210624:
986	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
987	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
988	for NFSv4 mounts.
989	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
990
99120210618:
992	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
993	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
994	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
995	additions and others.
996
99720210618:
998	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
999	renamed to "untrusted".
1000
100120210611:
1002	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
1003	please install the svn package or port.
1004
100520210611:
1006	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
1007	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
1008	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
1009
101020210610:
1011	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
1012
101320210608:
1014	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
1015	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
1016https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
1017	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
1018	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
1019	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
1020	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
1021
102220210525:
1023	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
1024	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
1025	committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
1026	detect this.
1027
102820210513:
1029	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
1030	libraries and utilities are packaged.
1031	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
1032	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
1033	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
1034	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
1035	on the system.
1036
103720210426:
1038	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
1039	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
1040	need to be rebuilt from sources.
1041	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
1042	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
1043	is not recommended.
1044
104520210411:
1046	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
1047	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
1048	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
1049	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
1050	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
1051	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
1052
105320210330:
1054	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
1055	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
1056	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
1057	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
1058
105920210225:
1060	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
1061	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
1062	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
1063
106420210128:
1065	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
1066	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
1067	update.
1068
106920210121:
1070	stable/13 branch created.
1071
107220210108:
1073	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
1074	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
1075	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
1076	since it was bumped so recently.
1077
107820210107:
1079	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
1080	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
1081	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
1082	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
1083
108420210105:
1085	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
1086	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
1087	requires a clean build.
1088
108920201223:
1090	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
1091	instructions can be found at
1092	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
1093	and other documents in that repo.
1094
109520201216:
1096	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
1097	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
1098	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
1099	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
1100
110120201215:
1102	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
1103	may be installed from ports or packages.
1104
110520201124:
1106	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
1107	See ping(8) for details.
1108
110920201108:
1110	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
1111	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
1112	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
1113
111420201030:
1115	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
1116	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
1117	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
1118	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
1119	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
1120
112120201026:
1122	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
1123	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
1124	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
1125	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
1126	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
1127	find.
1128
112920200923:
1130	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
1131	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
1132	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
1133	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
1134
1135	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
1136	command you want to un-auger the tree is
1137		cd sys/amd64/conf
1138		svn revert -R .
1139	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
1140	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
1141
114220200824:
1143	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
1144	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
1145	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
1146	unless you  want to use new features.
1147
1148	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
1149	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
1150	rebuilding world may fail.
1151
1152	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
1153	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
1154
1155	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
1156	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
1157	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
1158	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
1159
116020200824:
1161	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
1162	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
1163	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
1164	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
1165
116620200821:
1167	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
1168	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
1169	sources.
1170
117120200817:
1172	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
1173	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
1174
117520200816:
1176	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1177	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1178	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1179	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1180
118120200810:
1182	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
1183	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
1184	from sources, so a version bump was done.
1185
118620200807:
1187	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
1188	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
1189	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
1190	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
1191
119220200729:
1193	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
1194	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
1195	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
1196	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
1197	continue to function.
1198
1199	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
1200	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
1201	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
1202	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
1203
120420200627:
1205	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
1206	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
1207	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
1208	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
1209	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
1210	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
1211	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
1212
121320200625:
1214	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
1215	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
1216
121720200613:
1218	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
1219	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
1220	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
1221
122220200604:
1223	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
1224	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
1225	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
1226	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
1227
1228	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
1229	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
1230	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
1231	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
1232	/root/.shrc.
1233
123420200523:
1235	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1236	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1237	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1238	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1239
124020200512:
1241	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
1242	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
1243
124420200424:
1245	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
1246	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
1247	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
1248	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
1249	be functional without closefrom(2).
1250
125120200414:
1252	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
1253	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
1254	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
1255	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
1256	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
1257	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
1258
125920200310:
1260	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1261	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1262	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1263	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1264
126520200309:
1266	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
1267	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
1268	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
1269
127020200301:
1271	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
1272
127320200229:
1274	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
1275	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
1276	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
1277
127820200229:
1279	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
1280	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
1281
128220200229:
1283	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
1284	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
1285	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
1286	ports or packages.
1287
128820200220:
1289	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
1290	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
1291	ncurses.
1292
129320200217:
1294	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
1295	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
1296	together with their new kernel.
1297
129820200212:
1299	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
1300	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
1301	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
1302
1303	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
1304	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
1305
130620200108:
1307	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
1308	linker for riscv64.
1309
131020200107:
1311	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
1312	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
1313	external toolchain package.
1314
131520200104:
1316	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
1317	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
1318	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
1319	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
1320	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
1321
132220200102:
1323	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
1324	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
1325	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
1326	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
1327
132820191226:
1329	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
1330	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
1331	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
1332	ABI.
1333
133420191226:
1335	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
1336
133720191222:
1338	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1339	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1340	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1341	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1342
134320191212:
1344	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
1345	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
1346	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
1347
134820191205:
1349	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
1350	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
1351	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
1352	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
1353	differences between those included in the port and those included in
1354	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
1355	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
1356	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
1357
135820191120:
1359	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
1360	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
1361	for automounting.
1362
136320191107:
1364	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
1365	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
1366	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
1367	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
1368	add superio to the set.
1369
137020191021:
1371	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
1372	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
1373
137420191021:
1375	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
1376	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
1377	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
1378	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
1379	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
1380	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
1381	completely in the future.
1382
138320191009:
1384	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
1385	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
1386	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
1387	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
1388	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
1389	will be removed from the list.
1390
139120191009:
1392	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1393	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1394	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1395	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1396
139720191003:
1398	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
1399	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
1400	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
1401	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
1402
140320190913:
1404	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
1405	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
1406	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
1407	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
1408
140920190823:
1410	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
1411	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
1412	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
1413
141420190727:
1415	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
1416	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
1417	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
1418	your scripts, because they had no effect.
1419
1420	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
1421	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
1422	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
1423	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
1424	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
1425
142620190713:
1427	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
1428	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
1429	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
1430	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
1431	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
1432	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
1433	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
1434
143520190620:
1436	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
1437	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
1438	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
1439	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
1440
144120190612:
1442	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1443	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1444	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1445	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1446
144720190608:
1448	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
1449	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
1450	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
1451
145220190513:
1453	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
1454	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
1455	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
1456	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
1457	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
1458	avoid running into the limit.
1459
146020190507:
1461	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
1462	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
1463
146420190507:
1465	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
1466	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
1467	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
1468	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
1469	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
1470	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
1471
147220190418:
1473	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
1474	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
1475	entropy:
1476
1477	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
1478	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
1479	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
1480	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
1481	availability properties.
1482
1483	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1484	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
1485	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
1486	initial condition, if desired.
1487
1488	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1489	Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
1490
1491	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
1492	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
1493	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
1494	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
1495
149620190416:
1497	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
1498	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
1499	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
1500	therefore unblocked).
1501
150220190404:
1503	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
1504	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
1505	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
1506	is added to the command line.
1507	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
1508	not affected and should continue to work.
1509
151020190320:
1511	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
1512	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
1513	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
1514	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
1515
151620190304:
1517	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1518	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1519	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1520	or higher.
1521
152220190226:
1523	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
1524	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
1525	kernel config.
1526
152720190219:
1528	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
1529	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
1530	migrating to the drm ports.
1531
153220190131:
1533	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
1534	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
1535	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
1536	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
1537	is loaded automatically.
1538
153920190125:
1540	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
1541	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
1542	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
1543	kernel config files.
1544
154520181230:
1546	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
1547	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
1548	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
1549	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
1550
155120181220:
1552	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
1553	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
1554	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
1555	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
1556	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
1557	most NFSv4 mounts.
1558
155920181219:
1560	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
1561	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
1562	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
1563
1564	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
1565	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
1566
1567	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
1568	removed from the mips port.
1569
157020181211:
1571	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1572	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1573	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1574	or higher.
1575
157620181211:
1577	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
1578	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
1579
158020181126:
1581	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
1582	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
1583	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
1584	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
1585
158620181123:
1587	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
1588	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
1589	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
1590
159120181115:
1592	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
1593	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
1594	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
1595	FreeBSD versions.
1596
159720181110:
1598	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
1599	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
1600	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
1601
1602	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
1603	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
1604	being included using the command:
1605		$ newsyslog -Nrv
1606
160720181019:
1608	Stable/12 was branched created.
1609
161020181015:
1611	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
1612	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
1613	drm-legacy-kmod.
1614
1615	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
1616	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
1617	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
1618	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
1619	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
1620	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
1621	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
1622	that as you will get better support.
1623
1624	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
1625	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
1626	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
1627	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
1628
1629	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
1630	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
1631	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
1632	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
1633	shortly.
1634
163520181012:
1636	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
1637	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
1638	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
1639	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
1640	be adjusted as necessary.
1641
164220181009:
1643	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
1644	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
1645	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
1646	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
1647
164820181006:
1649	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
1650	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
1651	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
1652	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
1653	encouraged.
1654
165520181002:
1656	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
1657	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
1658	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
1659	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
1660	nda device name.
1661
166220180913:
1663	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
1664	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
1665	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
1666	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1667	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1668	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1669
167020180826:
1671	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1672	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1673	default since FreeBSD-11.
1674
167520180822:
1676	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1677	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
1678	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1679
168020180818:
1681	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1682	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1683	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1684	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1685	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
1686	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1687	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1688
1689	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1690	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1691
169220180815:
1693	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1694	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1695	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1696	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1697	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1698	may not be observed in a future release.
1699
170020180808:
1701	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
1702	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1703	your environment.
1704
170520180731:
1706	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1707	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1708	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1709	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1710
171120180730:
1712	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1713	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1714	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1715	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1716	runtime services.
1717
171820180727:
1719	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1720	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1721	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1722
172320180723:
1724	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1725	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1726	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1727	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1728	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1729
173020180720:
1731	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1732	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1733	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1734	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1735	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1736	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1737
173820180719:
1739	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1740	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1741	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1742	boot_serial=YES
1743	boot_multicons=YES
1744	in /boot/loader.conf
1745	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1746	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1747	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1748
174920180719:
1750	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
1751	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1752	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1753	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1754	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1755	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1756	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1757	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1758	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1759	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1760	by the ntpd user.
1761
176220180717:
1763	Big endian arm support has been removed.
1764
176520180711:
1766	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1767	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
1768	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1769	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1770	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1771
177220180705:
1773	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1774	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1775	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
1776	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
1777	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1778	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1779
178020180702:
1781	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1782	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1783
178420180701:
1785	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1786	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1787	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1788	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1789	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1790	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1791	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1792
179320180630:
1794	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1795	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1796	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1797	or higher.
1798
179920180628:
1800	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1801	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1802	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1803	file.
1804
180520180612:
1806	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1807	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1808
180920180530:
1810	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1811	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1812	longer necessary.
1813
181420180530:
1815	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1816	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1817	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1818	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1819
182020180523:
1821	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1822	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1823	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1824	later than r334108.
1825
182620180517:
1827	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
1828	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1829	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1830	it must be removed.
1831
183220180510:
1833	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1834	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1835	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1836	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1837	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1838	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1839	will go away.
1840
1841	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1842	workaround is necessary.
1843
184420180508:
1845	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1846	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
1847	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
1848	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1849
185020180504:
1851	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
1852	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1853	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1854	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1855	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1856
185720180502:
1858	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
1859	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1860	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
1861	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1862
186320180501:
1864	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
1865	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1866	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1867	be removed.
1868
186920180413:
1870	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
1871	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1872	removed.
1873
187420180411:
1875	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
1876	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1877	removed.
1878
187920180406:
1880	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1881	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1882	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1883	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1884	microseconds and time zone offsets.
1885
1886	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1887	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1888	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1889	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1890	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1891	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1892	adjustments, depending on the software used.
1893
1894	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1895	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1896
1897		source src {
1898			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1899		}
1900
1901	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1902	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1903	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1904
1905		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1906
1907	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1908	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1909	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1910	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1911	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1912	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1913	thus expected to continue to function as before.
1914
1915	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1916	change.
1917
191820180328:
1919	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1920	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1921	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1922
192320180323:
1924	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1925	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1926	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1927	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1928	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1929	should be as simple as:
1930
1931		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1932		$ make depend all install
1933
193420180212:
1935	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1936	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1937	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1938	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1939	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1940	provisions for backup boot methods.
1941
194220180211:
1943	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1944	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1945	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1946	imp@freebsd.org.
1947
194820180114:
1949	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1950	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1951	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1952	or higher.
1953
195420180110:
1955	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1956	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1957	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1958
1959	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1960	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1961
196220180110:
1963	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1964	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1965	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1966	remove it from kernel config files.
1967
196820180104:
1969	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1970	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1971	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1972
1973	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1974	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1975
197620180102:
1977	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1978	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1979	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1980	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1981
198220171215:
1983	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1984	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1985
198620171214:
1987	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1988	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1989	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1990	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1991
199220171125:
1993	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1994	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1995	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1996	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1997	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1998	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1999
200020171110:
2001	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
2002	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
2003	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
2004
200520171106:
2006	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
2007	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
2008	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
2009	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
2010	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
2011
201220171102:
2013	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
2014	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
2015	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
2016	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
2017	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
2018	environment.
2019
202020171101:
2021	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
2022	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
2023	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
2024	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
2025	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
2026	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
2027	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
2028	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
2029	than hardcoding paths.
2030
203120171028:
2032	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
2033	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
2034	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
2035
203620171021:
2037	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
2038	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
2039	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
2040	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
2041
204220171010:
2043	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
2044	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
2045
204620171005:
2047	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
2048	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
2049	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
2050	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
2051
205220171003:
2053	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
2054	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
2055	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
2056	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
2057	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
2058
205920170912:
2060	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
2061	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
2062	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
2063	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
2064	/etc/ctl.conf .
2065
206620170912:
2067	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
2068	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
2069	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
2070	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
2071	soft-float everything else should be affected.
2072
207320170826:
2074	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
2075	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
2076
207720170825:
2078	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
2079	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
2080	to complete.
2081
208220170814:
2083	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
2084	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
2085	${TESTSDIR}.
2086
2087	Behavioral changes:
2088	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
2089	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
2090	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
2091	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
2092
2093	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
2094	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
2095	sandbox if successful.
2096
2097	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
2098	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
2099	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
2100	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
2101	an unprivileged user.
2102
210320170808:
2104	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
2105	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
2106	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
2107	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
2108	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
2109	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
2110	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
2111	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
2112	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
2113	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
2114	to which you should answer yes.
2115
211620170728:
2117	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
2118	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
2119	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
2120	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
2121	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
2122
212320170722:
2124	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
2125	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2126	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2127
212820170701:
2129	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
2130	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
2131
213220170625:
2133	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
2134	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
2135	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
2136	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
2137	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
2138	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
2139	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
2140
214120170623:
2142	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
2143	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
2144	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
2145	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
2146	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
2147	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
2148
214920170620:
2150	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
2151	if you require the GPL compiler.
2152
215320170619:
2154	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
2155	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
2156	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
2157	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
2158	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
2159	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
2160
216120170618:
2162	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
2163	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
2164	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
2165
216620170617:
2167	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
2168	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
2169	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
2170	followed.
2171
217220170531:
2173	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
2174	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
2175	from ports (and recommends to install it).
2176	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
2177	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
2178	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
2179
218020170524:
2181	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
2182	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
2183	which only require one chipset support.
2184
2185	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
2186
2187	if_ath_load="YES"
2188
2189	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
2190	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
2191	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
2192
2193	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
2194	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
2195
2196	* load ath_hal
2197	* load the chip modules in question
2198	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
2199	* load ath_main
2200	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
2201	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
2202
2203	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
2204
220520170523:
2206	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
2207	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
2208	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
2209
2210	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
2211	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
2212	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
2213
2214	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
2215	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
2216	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
2217	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
2218	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
2219	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
2220	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
2221	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
2222
222320170424:
2224	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
2225	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
2226	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
2227
222820170420:
2229	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
2230	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
2231	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
2232
223320170413:
2234	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
2235	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
2236	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
2237	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
2238	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
2239	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
2240	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
2241
224220170407:
2243	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
2244	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
2245	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
2246	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
2247
224820170405:
2249	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
2250	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
2251	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
2252
225320170331:
2254	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
2255	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
2256	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
2257
225820170329:
2259	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
2260	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
2261
2262	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
2263	via one of the following methods:
2264	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
2265	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
2266	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
2267	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
2268
2269	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
2270
227120170316:
2272	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
2273	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
2274	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
2275	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
2276	with mmc.ko).
2277
227820170315:
2279	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
2280	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
2281	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
2282	be prefixed with colon.
2283
228420170311:
2285	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
2286	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
2287	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
2288
228920170302:
2290	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
2291	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2292	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2293
229420170221:
2295	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
2296	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
2297	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
2298	change.
2299
230020170216:
2301	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
2302	valid.
2303
230420170215:
2305	MCA bus support has been removed.
2306
230720170127:
2308	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
2309	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
2310
231120170112:
2312	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
2313	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
2314
231520170109:
2316	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
2317	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
2318	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
2319	configuration.
2320
232120161217:
2322	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
2323	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2324	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2325
232620161124:
2327	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
2328	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2329	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2330
233120161119:
2332	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
2333	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
2334	that link against it need to be recompiled.
2335
233620161030:
2337	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
2338	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
2339	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
2340	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
2341
234220161017:
2343	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
2344	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
2345	parts.
2346	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
2347	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
2348
234920161015:
2350	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
2351	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
2352	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
2353	removed from base.
2354
235520161008:
2356	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
2357	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
2358	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
2359
236020161003:
2361	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
2362	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
2363
236420160924:
2365	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
2366	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
2367	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
2368	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
2369
237020160918:
2371	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
2372	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
2373	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
2374	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
2375	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
2376
237720160918:
2378	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
2379
238020160908:
2381	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
2382	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
2383	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
2384	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
2385
238620160824:
2387	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
2388	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
2389	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
2390	to 1200005.
2391
239220160818:
2393	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
2394	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
2395	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
2396	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
2397	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
2398	0.
2399
240020160818:
2401	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
2402	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
2403
240420160708:
2405	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
2406
2407After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
2408from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
2409entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
2410UPDATING file.
2411
2412COMMON ITEMS:
2413
2414	General Notes
2415	-------------
2416	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2417	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
2418	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
2419	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2420	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2421	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2422	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2423	report a bug if it happens consistently.
2424
2425	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2426	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2427	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2428	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
2429	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
2430	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2431	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2432	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2433	an exception.
2434
2435	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2436	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2437	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2438	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2439	step.
2440
2441	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2442	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2443	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2444	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2445
2446	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2447	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2448	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2449	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2450	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2451	should write them with this in mind.
2452
2453	ZFS notes
2454	---------
2455	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
2456	always follow these three steps:
2457
2458	1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2459	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2460
2461	2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
2462	doing a zpool upgrade):
2463
2464	When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
2465	block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2466		gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
2467	The value $N will typically be 1.  For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
2468
2469	3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
2470	pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
2471	zpool upgrade.
2472
2473	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2474
2475	EFI notes
2476	---------
2477
2478	There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
2479	current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
2480	efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
2481	deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
2482	fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
2483	/boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
2484	ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
2485	the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
2486
2487	Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
2488	may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
2489	location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
2490	mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
2491
2492	The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
2493	however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
2494	root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
2495	since it does not automatically understand some new features.
2496
2497	See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
2498
2499	To build a kernel
2500	-----------------
2501	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2502	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
2503	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2504
2505	make kernel-toolchain
2506	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2507	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2508
2509	If you are running kernel modules from ports, see FOOTNOTE [1].
2510
2511	To test a kernel once
2512	---------------------
2513	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2514	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2515	debugging information) run
2516	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2517	nextboot -k testkernel
2518
2519	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2520	-----------------------------------------------------------
2521	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2522	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2523
2524	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>		[2]
2525	make buildworld
2526	<make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set>	[1]
2527	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2528	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2529	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2530	etcupdate -p					[5]
2531	make installworld
2532	etcupdate -B					[4]
2533	make delete-old					[6]
2534	<reboot>
2535
2536	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2537	--------------------------------------------------
2538	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2539	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2540	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2541	# size.
2542
2543	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2544	<boot into -stable>
2545	make buildworld
2546	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[1]
2547	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2548	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2549	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2550	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2551	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2552	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2553	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2554	<reboot into current>
2555	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2556	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2557	<reboot>
2558
2559
2560	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2561	----------------------------------------------
2562	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>		[2]
2563	make buildworld					[9]
2564	<make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set>	[1]
2565	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2566	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2567	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2568	etcupdate -p					[5]
2569	make installworld
2570	etcupdate -B					[4]
2571	make delete-old					[6]
2572	<reboot>
2573
2574	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2575	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2576	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2577	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2578	the UPDATING entries.
2579
2580	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2581	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2582	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2583	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2584	much fewer pitfalls.
2585
2586FOOTNOTES:
2587
2588	[1] If you have third party modules, such as drm-kmod or vmware, you
2589	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2590	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2591	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
2592	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2593	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2594	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2595	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2596	and effective, eg:
2597	     PORTS_MODULES+=graphics/drm-kmod graphics/nvidia-drm-kmod
2598
2599	[2] To make complete dumps on zfs(4), use bectl(8), which
2600	creates bootable snapshots of configurable depth that are
2601	selectable via the bootloader. For ufs(4), use dump(8) and
2602	restore(8).
2603
2604	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2605		fsck -p
2606		mount -u /
2607		mount -a
2608		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2609		cd src			# full path to source
2610		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2611	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2612	into single user mode to do the installworld.
2613
2614	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2615	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2616	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2617	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2618	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2619	for potential gotchas.  See etcupdate(8) for more information.
2620
2621	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2622	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2623	step.
2624
2625	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2626	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2627	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2628
2629	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2630	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2631	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2632	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2633	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2634	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2635	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2636	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2637
2638	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2639	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2640	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2641	for these as well.
2642
2643	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2644	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2645	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2646
2647	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2648	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2649	warn if it is improperly defined.
2650FORMAT:
2651
2652This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2653breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2654list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2655If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2656to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2657
2658Copyright information:
2659
2660Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2661
2662Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2663modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2664document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2665
2666THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2667IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2668WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2669DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2670INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2671(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2672SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2673HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2674STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2675IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2676POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2677
2678Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2679this document.
2680