xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 3c928ccadbb5d7baa3ce18d33d09d9a1d2770397)
1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 16.x IS SLOW:
16	FreeBSD 16.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
20	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
21	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
22	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
26	debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27	world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28	at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
29
3020260902:
31	struct if_rxd_info now carries a receive timestamp.  iflib drivers
32	must be rebuilt.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1600022.
33
3420260827:
35	<sys/videoio.h> now provides the V4L2 cropping, control menu and
36	overlay definitions.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1600021
37	for ports that need to detect them.
38
3920260826:
40	bhyve(8) users who explicitly set the eui64 option for an NVMe
41	device may need to update their configuration.  Due to an incorrect
42	byte-order conversion, bhyve previously presented manually
43	configured EUI-64 values to the guest with their bytes reversed.
44	To preserve the identifier previously visible to the guest,
45	byte-reverse the value in the eui64 option.  Automatically
46	generated EUI-64 values, used when the option is omitted,
47	are unaffected.
48
4920260814:
50	libusb version has been upgraded to 1.0.27 compatible version.
51	All of the missing parts have been implemented.
52
5320260812:
54	The new video(4) framework has landed. <sys/videoio.h> is now provided
55	as the API for communicating with it. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
56	to 1600020 for ports that need to detect this changeover.
57
5820260728:
59	The Intel 82576 and I350 Virtual Function devices have been split from
60	the igb(4) driver into the igbv driver.  Interfaces previously exposed
61	as igbN are now exposed as igbvN.  Network configuration files must be
62	updated accordingly.
63
6420260727:
65	The wait_for_pids() function in rc.subr, used by rc scripts
66	when stopping or restarting a service, has been modified to
67	use pwait(1)'s new -r option, which requires kernel support.
68	When upgrading across this change, you should install a new
69	kernel first, then reboot, then install a new world, run
70	etcupdate, and reboot again.  Otherwise, you may find that
71	rc.subr is unable to stop services because the running kernel
72	does not provide the support that the updated pwait(1) needs.
73	Alternatively, if you deem it safe, you may use fastboot(8) to
74	reboot without shutting down services first.
75
7620260620:
77	On powerpc64le, long double is now IEEE 754 binary128 (quad
78	precision, 113-bit mantissa) instead of 64-bit double.  This is an
79	ABI-incompatible change with no symbol versioning: all C and C++
80	code that passes, returns, or stores long double (or long double
81	complex) -- including printf/scanf "%Lf", strtold, and the libm
82	*l() routines -- must be rebuilt against the new world.  Mixing old
83	and new objects that exchange long double values will silently
84	corrupt data.  Rebuild all installed ports and any out-of-tree
85	software after upgrading.  Big-endian powerpc and powerpc64 are
86	unaffected and keep 64-bit long double.
87
8820260521:
89	Audio devices are now created with GID 43 / audio. You will need to add
90	users who need access to audio devices to this group.
91
9220260512:
93	"bsdinstall script" will now do a pkgbase installation by default.  To
94	revert to the legacy distset installation, set "DISTRIBUTIONS" in
95	your installerconfig.
96
9720260412:
98	The /etc/rc.d/NETWORKING script no longer provides the legacy
99	NETWORK alias. Third-party or local RC scripts that still use
100	"REQUIRE: NETWORK" shall be updated to use "REQUIRE: NETWORKING"
101	instead.
102
10320260129:
104	The "net.inet6.ip6.use_stableaddr" sysctl is now on by default.
105	This changes the default algorithm to choose IPv6 SLAAC autogenerated
106	addresses from embedding the interface hardware address to using
107	SHA256-HMAC hash as described in RFC 7217 to derive an opaque but
108	stable Address.  If you are using autoconfigured IPv6 addresses at
109	reboot they will be different after this change, but constant
110	thereafter, please update your DNS records if any.
111
11220260106:
113	Zstd has moved to the new "zstd" package.  If you have set-minimal
114	installed, this package will be installed automatically, otherwise
115	you might want to install it manually.  This change only affects
116	pkgbase users.
117
11820251222:
119	Commit 9f49f436a9ec changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
120	modules. As such, nfscommon, nfscl and nfsd must all be rebuilt
121	from sources.
122
12320251212:
124	Timeouts for SCSI bus probing have been drastically reduced. They are
125	now tuneables that can be set in the boot loader should you have a
126	device that requires a longer-than-standards imply timeout but
127	none-the-less works.
128
129	kern.cam.tur_timeout		(default was 60s, now 1s)
130	kern.cam.inquiry_timeout	(default was 60s, now 1s)
131	kern.cam.reportluns_timeout	(default is 60s)
132	kern.cam.modesense_timeout	(default was 60s, now 1s)
133
13420251115:
135	The FreeBSD-base repository is now defined in /etc/pkg/FreeBSD.conf,
136	disabled by default.  In -CURRENT and -STABLE this points at nightly
137	builds on pkg.freebsd.org; for BETA/RC/RELEASE builds it points at
138	release engineering builds on pkgbase.freebsd.org.
139
140	Users of pkgbase will need to replace any existing definition of the
141	FreeBSD-base repository in /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/ with a single
142	line "FreeBSD-base: { enabled: yes }".
143
14420251110:
145	OpenPAM (including libpam and the PAM modules) has moved to the new
146	"pam" package.  The pam-lib subpackage, which includes libpam, will
147	be automatically installed when required.
148
149	If you have set-minimal(-jail) installed, the pam base package which
150	contains the PAM modules will also be automatically installed.
151	If you don't, you MUST manually install the FreeBSD-pam package if you
152	need to authenticate users, otherwise you won't be able to log in.
153
154	This change only affects pkgbase users.
155
15620251105:
157	pf(4) now supports nat64 via the af-to keyword.
158
15920251102:
160	Commit e5aa60d06958 changed the internal KAPI between
161	the NFS modules.  As such, they all need to be rebuilt
162	from sources.  __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1600004 for this.
163
16420251025:
165	flua(1) has moved to the new FreeBSD-flua package.  If you use flua,
166	you may want to install this package if it's not otherwise installed
167	as a dependency of something else.  This change only affects pkgbase
168	users.
169
17020251021:
171	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1600002 for LinuxKPI.  An embedded struct
172	has changed size and might possibly be an issue otherwise.
173
17420251016:
175	With the migration to OpenZFS in FreeBSD 13.x a number of ZFS sysctls
176	moved to new locations, but backwards compatibility aliases were
177	provided.  These aliases will be removed in the near future.  Please
178	update /etc/sysctl.conf to reference the new OIDs.  For example,
179
180	        vfs.zfs.min_auto_ashift=12
181
182	needs to be changed to
183
184	        vfs.zfs.vdev.min_auto_ashift=12
185
18620251015:
187	The "FreeBSD-unbound" package is renamed to "FreeBSD-local-unbound".
188	If you have set-optional or set-base installed, the new package will
189	be installed automatically, otherwise you should manually install the
190	new package and remove the old one.
191
192	This change only affects pkgbase users.
193
19420251012:
195	Blacklist has been renamed upstream to Blocklist.  If you have it
196	configured, rename all configuration files, firewall anchors or
197	sentinel files to reflect the new nomenclature.  Old setups will
198	continue to work emitting a warning.
199
20020251002:
201	Audio-related utilities including mixer(8) and virtual_oss(8) have
202	moved to the new FreeBSD-sound package.  If you have set-optional or
203	set-base installed this package will be installed automatically,
204	otherwise you should install it manually if you need these utilities.
205
20620250929:
207	Both drm-kmod and nividia-drm ports had to be updated to either no
208	longer conflict on LinuxKPI vs. native PCI changes and/or to keep
209	working after some LinuxKPI PCI adjustments which were previously
210	hidden behind native PCI.
211	Bump __FreeBSD_version 1600001 so users will pick up updated packages.
212
21320250929:
214	The deprecated ftpd(8) has been removed.  Users who still need ftpd
215	can install the ftp/freebsd-ftpd port.  pkgbase users should remove
216	the orphaned FreeBSD-ftpd package.
217
21820250923:
219	Several changes which affect pkgbase users (only):
220
221	powerd has been moved to a new FreeBSD-powerd package.  If you have
222	FreeBSD-set-minimal installed, the new package will be installed
223	automatically, otherwise you may want to install it by hand.
224
225	libpmc and related utilities (/usr/sbin/pmc*) have moved to the new
226	FreeBSD-pmc package.  If you use these, you may want to install the
227	package.
228
229	The libbz2 package has been renamed to bzip2, and /usr/bin/bzip2 has
230	been moved to the new package.  If you have set-minimal installed,
231	the new package will be added automatically, otherwise you may want
232	to manually install it.
233
234	This only affects pkgbase users.
235
23620250918:
237	mandoc (including /usr/bin/man) has been moved to a new package,
238	FreeBSD-mandoc.  If you have the minimal set installed, this package
239	will be installed automatically, otherwise you may want to install it.
240
241	Kyua has been moved to the FreeBSD-kyua package, and ATF has been moved
242	to the FreeBSD-atf* packages.  If you have FreeBSD-tests installed,
243	these packages will be installed automatically, otherwise you should
244	manually install them if you need these tools.
245
246	This only affects pkgbase users.
247
24820250912:
249	If SRCCONF is unset and a file named src.conf is present at
250	the top of the source tree, it will now be used instead of
251	/etc/src.conf.
252
25320250907:
254	The MANSPLITPKG knob has been turned off by default, so pkgbase builds
255	will no longer generate "-man" subpackages; instead the manpages will
256	be shipped in the packages they belong to.  If you want to continue
257	building split man packages, set WITH_MANSPLITPKG=1.
258
25920250905:
260	FreeBSD 16.0-CURRENT.
261
26220250903:
263	The BLOAT_KERNEL_WITH_EXTERR kernel config option has been renamed to
264	EXTERR_STRINGS.
265
26620250827:
267	The names of pkg repositories defined in /etc/pkg/FreeBSD.conf have
268	changed: "FreeBSD" is now "FreeBSD-ports", and "FreeBSD-kmods" is now
269	"FreeBSD-ports-kmods".  Users with /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos files
270	which override these will need to adjust their configuration to match
271	the new names.
272
27320250823:
274	The set of pkgbase packages for Kerberos and OpenSSL has changed.
275	After updating past 250e77d4f0a5, you should check 'pkg orphans'
276	and remove any orphaned packages, then examine the output of
277	'pkg install -r base -g FreeBSD-openssl\* FreeBSD-kerberos\*'
278	and install any new packages you need.
279
28020250823:
281	To restore bridge(4)'s ABI compatibility with ifconfig from 14.x or
282	earlier, the size of struct ifbreq has changed, so you must update
283	the kernel and /sbin/ifconfig at the same time or you will not be
284	able to add interfaces to bridge.  This is particularly important
285	if you require bridge for network access during boot, in which case
286	you should install the new kernel and the new /sbin/ifconfig prior
287	to rebooting.
288
28920250820:
290	The WITHOUT_GSSAPI src.conf knob has been removed.  This was already
291	a no-op for MIT Kerberos, so this only affects builds which set
292	WITHOUT_MITKRB5=1, in which case you now always get libgssapi.
293
294	Also, Heimdal's compile_et and libcom_err are now controlled by
295	WITHOUT_KERBEROS, not WITHOUT_KERBEROS_SUPPORT.  This matches
296	the behaviour of the MIT Kerberos versions.
297
29820250820:
299	Commits 08c7dd2fbe4f and a4197ea47777 have changed the ABI between
300	libvmmapi and the vmm device. If using a custom kernel configuration,
301	please ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD14 option is included so older
302	versions of libvmmapi continue working as expected.
303
30420250819:
305	The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-on to default-off.
306	This reverts the 20250808 change below, which had reverted the 20240729
307	change before it.  Note that some src.conf(5) options are known to break
308	ABI or compatibility in ways that may require a clean build initially
309	when switched.
310
31120250816:
312	Sendmail's libmilter has been moved to its own package.  If you want
313	to compile applications that use libmilter, you should install the
314	FreeBSD-libmilter* packages.
315
316	If you only have FreeBSD-sendmail installed for applications that
317	require libmilter, you can now remove it.
318
31920250815:
320	The behavior of the getgroups(2), setgroups(2), and initgroups(3)
321	interfaces has changed, and their version numbers have been incremented.
322	To keep existing binaries and libraries working, ensure that
323	COMPAT_FREEBSD14 is included in your kernel configuration.
324	Alternatively, rebuild and reinstall applications that use these
325	interfaces.
326
32720250815:
328	jemalloc 5.3.0 has been committed to the tree.
329
33020250815:
331	The removal of Secure RPC DES authentication noted in 20250810
332	has been reverted.  (However, it is still non-functional.)
333
33420250813:
335	Commit cce64f2e6851 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
336	modules.  As such, all of them need to be rebuilt from sources.
337	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1500060 already today,
338	 so I will not bump it again for this.
339
34020250813:
341	The gpiobus_attach_bus() function has been removed. Drivers should now
342	use the gpiobus_add_bus() function instead. The difference being that
343	gpiobus_add_bus() doesn't call bus_attach_children(), calling it will
344	be the responsibility of the caller now.
345
34620250810:
347	Support for Secure RPC DES authentication has been removed.
348	The keyserv(8) daemon was already removed, but support for it in libc
349	has also been removed, so if you somehow still had keyserv installed,
350	it will now stop working.  There is no workaround for this.  Removing
351	DES is considered a feature.
352
35320250808:
354	The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-off to
355	default-on.  This reverts the 20240729 change below.
356
35720250807:
358	routed(8) and route6d(8) have moved to the FreeBSD-rip package.
359	If you use either of these, you should install the new package.
360
36120250806:
362	if_epair(4) now uses ether_gen_addr(9) to generate a stable MAC
363	address.
364	To keep using the random address, set the loader tunable
365	net.link.epair.ether_gen_addr=0.
366
36720250804:
368	bsdconfig (including sysrc(8)) has moved to the new bsdconfig
369	package.  If you use pkgbase and wish to use bsdconfig, you should
370	install FreeBSD-bsdconfig.
371
37220250730:
373	The usbhid(4) USB HID driver is now enabled by default, and will be
374	used in preference to other USB HID drivers like ukbd(4), ums(4), and
375	uhid(4).  Work on a FIDO/U2F driver and moused(8) is in progress.
376	The default is being switched now so that we can find and fix any
377	additional issues prior to FreeBSD 15.0.
378
379	To revert to the previous USB HID driver behavior, set the loader
380	tunable hw.usb.usbhid.enable=0.
381
38220250727:
383	bmake (i.e., /usr/bin/make and /usr/share/mk) has moved to a new
384	package, FreeBSD-bmake.  If you use pkgbase and you need make, you
385	should install this package.
386
38720250726:
388	amd64 kernel configurations must contain "options SMP".
389
39020250725:
391	gssd(8) has been moved to a new package, FreeBSD-gssd.  If you use
392	pkgbase and you need gssd, you should install this package.
393
39420250724:
395	The Kerberos packages which are built when WITH_MITKRB5 is enabled
396	have been renamed from FreeBSD-krb5* to FreeBSD-kerberos*.  This
397	affects pkgbase users who manually enabled WITH_MITKRB5, *or* use
398	the default value of WITH_MITKRB5 and updated past c7da9fb90b0b
399	(20250721) which made WITH_MITKRB5 the default.
400
401	In either case, if you have FreeBSD-krb5* packages installed, you
402	should remove them and (re)install the equivalent FreeBSD-kerberos*
403	packages instead.
404
40520250721:
406	WITH_MITKRB5 is now enabled by default. MIT KRB5 has replaced
407	Heimdal in base. Ports that use USES=gssapi must be rebuilt.
408	A clean buildworld is required.
409
41020250719:
411	Commits 392a82b225 and c00baac0ab both changed the
412	internal API between the NFS modules.  As such, all
413	these modules need to be rebuilt from sources.
414	__FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1500053 for this.
415
41620250710:
417	The shar(1) utility has been removed from base.  The
418	sysutils/freebsd-shar port was created to maintain this version of
419	shar(1) past its removal from base.
420
42120250704:
422	LinuxKPI device.h and acpi changes effecting drivers and drm-kmod.
423	Bump __FreeBSD_version 1500050 to be able to detect these changes.
424
42520250630:
426	Commits 171f66b0c2ca and 8e2a90ac8089 changed the internal
427	api between nfscommon.ko and the other nfs modules.
428	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500049 for this.
429	All NFS related modules must be rebuilt from up-to-date
430	sources.
431
43220250625:
433	"make delete-old" will now remove the Forth bootloader entirely
434	if the system is built with WITHOUT_FORTH.
435
43620250614:
437	MIT KRB5 (MIT Kerberos5) has been imported into 15-CURRENT. To
438	and install MIT KRB5, add WITH_MITKRB5=yes to /etc/src.conf. This
439	will build and install MIT KRB5 1.21.3. And it will remove Heimdal
440	1.5.2 when delete-old and delete-old-libs are run. To revert back
441	simply buildworld/installworld again with delete-old-libs and
442	delete-old.
443
444	At the moment we only know of a couple of ports that might be
445	affected. Adjusting libmap.conf does not circumvent runtime issues.
446	The few affected ports must be rebuilt. A successful exp-run will be
447	run before MIT KRB5 becomes default.
448
449	Those using the KDC in FreeBSD base may wish to wait. The Heimdal
450	HDB is incompatible with the MIT KRB5 KDC. The migration procedure
451	is a little involved.
452
45320250603:
454	LinuxKPI dma-mapping.h were pulled into the tree from drm-kmod.
455	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1500045 to be able to detect this change.
456
45720250527:
458	pf changed extension header handling. It now treats AH headers on IPv4 just
459	like AH headers on IPv6 and skips over them, allowing filtering on the inner
460	protocol.
461
46220250527:
463	pf now blocks IPv6 packets with a hop-by-hop or destination options header by
464	default. Such packets can be passed by adding "allow-opts" to the rule. IPv6
465	options are now handled just like their IPv4 counterparts.
466
46720250527:
468	The CAM target layer userland, i.e. ctld(8), ctladm(8) and ctlstat(8),
469	has moved to the new FreeBSD-ctl package.  If you use pkgbase and you
470	need the CAM Target Layer, you should install the new package.
471
472	Development-related tools (e.g. ar and nm) have moved to the new
473	"FreeBSD-toolchain" package, which subsumes and obsoletes the
474	existing "FreeBSD-elftoolchain" package.  If you use pkgbase and
475	need to compile software, you should install the new package and
476	ensure the old FreeBSD-elftoolchain* packages are completely removed.
477
47820250521:
479	Commit e64fe5ad3a23 removed in6_maxmtu and its setter in6_setmaxmtu().
480	in6_maxmtu is used to store the max IPv6 MTU of all interfaces,
481	however it does not have any in-tree consumers since the introduction
482	from the KAME project. The removal should have little impact, and the
483	max IPv6 MTU can be easily retrieved by iterating over all the attached
484	interface if 3rd party modules need it.
485
48620250515:
487	Commit 772258c89f28 changed the internal API between the nfscommon
488	and nfscl modules.  Both need to be built from updated sources.
489
49020250513:
491	The bridge(4) sysctl net.link.bridge.member_ifaddrs now defaults to 0,
492	meaning that interfaces added to a bridge may not have IP addresses
493	assigned.  Refer to bridge(4) for more information.
494
49520250507:
496	UMASS quirks and auto-quirk probing has been overhauled. CAM now won't
497	send SYNCHRONIZE CACHE unless MODE PAGE 8 is present and valid. This
498	should allow more devices to work (since the auto quirk code was updated
499	in 14 and broke several e-readers and the like). Please send imp@freebsd.org
500	any regression reports.
501
50220250504:
503	Commit 9419e086e1a3 changed the internal API between the nfscommon
504	and nfscl modules.  Both need to be built from updated sources.
505
50620250412:
507	LinuxKPI alloc routines were changed to return physically contiguous
508	memory where expected. These changes may require out-of-tree drivers
509	to be recompiled.
510	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500037 to be able to detect this change.
511
51220250409:
513	Intel iwlwifi firmware has been removed from the src repository.
514	Before updating their system, users of iwlwifi(4) or iwx(4) must
515	install the appropriate firmware for their chipset using fwget(8) or
516	building it from ports.
517
51820250314:
519	We now use LLVM's binary utilities (nm, objcopy, etc.) by default.
520	The WITHOUT_LLVM_BINUTILS src.conf(5) knob can be used to revert to
521	ELF Tool Chain tools if desired.
522
52320250303:
524	Commit 4a77657cbc01 changed the ABI between ipfw(8) and ipfw(4).
525	Please note that the old ipfw(8) binary will not work with the new
526	ipfw(4) module. Therefore, it is recommended to disable ipfw during
527	the upgrade, otherwise the host system may become inaccessible because
528	ipfw rules cannot be installed with the old binary.
529
53020250214:
531	Commit 4517fbfd4251 modified the internal API between the
532	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both of these modules
533	need to be rebuilt from sources.
534
53520250201:
536	The NFS related daemons, that provide RPC services to the kernel:
537	gssd(8), rpcbind(8), rpc.tlsservd(8) and rpc.tlsclntd(8), now use a
538	different transport - netlink(4) socket instead of unix(4).  Users of
539	NFS need to upgrade both kernel and world (binaries and libc) at once.
540	Also, any revision between 88cd1e17a7d8 and 99e5a70046da should be
541	avoided.
542
54320250129:
544	Defer the January 19, 2038 date limit in UFS1 filesystems to
545	February 7, 2106. This affects only UFS1 format filesystems.
546	See commit message 1111a44301da for details.
547
54820250127:
549	The Allwinner a10_timer driver has been renamed to aw_driver. If you
550	have a custom kernel configuration including the line 'device
551	a10_timer', it must be adjusted to 'device aw_timer'. The same applies
552	for device exclusions with 'nodevice'.
553
55420250106:
555	A new SOC_ROCKCHIP options appeared, so if you have a custom kernel configuration
556	targeting Rockchip SoC you need to add it so shared and mandatory drivers for
557	this SoC family will be selected.
558	Also a new rk8xx device was added, this select the base driver for Rockchip PMIC.
559
56020241223:
561	The layout of NFS file handles for the tarfs, tmpfs, cd9660, and ext2fs
562	file systems has changed.  An NFS server that exports any of these file
563	systems will need its clients to unmount and remount the exports.
564
56520241216:
566	The iwm(4) firmwares are no longer compiled as kernel modules but instead
567	shipped as raw files. For pkgbase users if you use iwm(4) you will need
568	to install the FreeBSD-firmware-iwm package.
569
57020241124:
571	The OpenBSD derived bc and dc implementations and the WITHOUT_GH_BC
572	option that allowed building them instead of the advanced version
573	imported more than 4 years ago have been removed.
574
57520241107:
576	The ng_ubt(4) driver now requires firmwares to be loaded on Realtek
577	adaptors with rtlbtfw(8) utility. It no longer attaches to devices
578	standing in bootloader mode. Firmware files are available in the
579	comms/rtlbt-firmware port.
580
58120241025:
582	The support for the rc_fast_and_loose variable has been removed from
583	rc.subr(8). Users setting rc_fast_and_loose on their systems are
584	advised to make sure their customizations to rc service scripts
585	do not depend on having a single shell environment shared across
586	all the rc service scripts during booting and shutdown.
587
58820241013:
589	The ciss driver was updated to cope better with hotplug events that
590	caused it to panic before, and to support more than 48 drives attached
591	to the card. These changes were made w/o benefit of hardware for testing
592	and ciss(4) users should be on the lookout for regressions.
593
59420240729:
595	The build now defaults to WITHOUT_CLEAN - i.e., no automatic clean
596	is performed at the beginning of buildworld or buildkernel.  The
597	WITH_CLEAN src.conf(5) knob can be used to restore the previous
598	behaviour.
599
600	If you encounter incremental build issues, please report them to the
601	freebsd-current mailing list so that a special-case dependency can be
602	added, if necessary.
603
60420240715:
605	We now lean more heavily on ACPI enumeration for some traditional
606	devices. uart has moved from isa to acpi so the hints act as wiring
607	instead of device enumeration. Hints for parallel port, floppy, etc
608	have been removed.  Before upgrading, grep your dmesg for lines like:
609		uart1: non-PNP ISA device will be removed from GENERIC in FreeBSD 15.
610	to see if you need to start including hints for the device on isa
611	in your loader.conf or device.hints file. APU1 (but not APU2) boards
612	are known to be affected, but there may be others.
613
61420240712:
615	Support for armv6 has been disconnected and is being removed.
616
61720240617:
618	ifconfig now treats IPv4 addresses without a width or mask as an error.
619	Specify the desired mask or width along with the IP address on the
620	ifconfig command line and in rc.conf.
621
62220240428:
623	OpenBSM auditing runtime (auditd, etc.) has been moved into the new
624	package FreeBSD-audit.  If you use OpenBSM auditing and pkgbase, you
625	should install FreeBSD-audit.
626
62720240424:
628	cron, lpr, and ntpd have been moved from FreeBSD-utilities into their
629	own packages.  If you use pkgbase, you should install the relevant
630	packages: FreeBSD-cron, FreeBSD-lp, or FreeBSD-ntp.
631
63220240406:
633	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
634	been upgraded to 18.1.6. It is important that you run `make delete-old`
635	as described in the COMMON ITEMS section, otherwise several libc++
636	headers that are obsolete and need to be removed can cause compilation
637	errors in C++ programs.
638
63920240205:
640	For dynamically linked programs, system calls are now made from
641	libsys rather than libc.  No change in linkage is required as
642	libsys is an auxiliary filter for libc.  People building custom
643	images must ensure that libsys.so.7 is included.
644
64520240202:
646	Loader now also read configuration files listed in local_loader_conf_files.
647	Files listed here are the last ones read. And /boot/loader.conf.local was
648	moved from loader_conf_files to local_loader_conf_files leaving only
649	loader.conf and device.hints in loader_conf_files by default.
650
651	The following sequencing is applied:
652
653	1. Bootstrap:
654	    /boot/defaults/loader.conf
655
656	2. Read loader_conf_files files:
657	    /boot/device.hints
658	    /boot/loader.conf
659
660	3. Read loader_conf_dirs files:
661	    /boot/loader.conf.d/*.conf
662
663	4. And finally, rread local_loader_conf_files files:
664	    /boot/loader.conf.local
665
66620240201:
667	sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged.  This version enforces
668	stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line
669	endings.  This may cause issues with receiving messages from
670	non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in
671	contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations.
672
67320240111:
674	Commit cc760de2183f changed the internal interface between
675	the nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both need to be
676	rebuilt from sources.  Therefore, __FreeBSD_version was
677	bumped to 1500010.
678
67920231120:
680	If you have an arm64 system that uses ACPI, you will need to update your
681	loader.efi in the ESP when you update past this point.  Detection of ACPI
682	was moved earlier in the binary so the scripts could use it, but old
683	binaries don't have this, so we default to 'no ACPI' in this case. You can
684	undisable ACPI by doing
685		OK unset hint.acpi.0.disabled
686	This can also be used to recover any other system that was updated in the
687	small window where amd64 was also broken.
688
68920231113:
690	The WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD option has been removed.  When LLD is enabled
691	it is always installed as /usr/bin/ld.
692
69320231027:
694	Forward compatibility (running the new code on old kernels) for the
695	"ino64" project have been removed. The need for it has passed long ago.
696
69720231018:
698	Commit 57ce37f9dcd0 changed the internal KAPI between the
699	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  Both must be rebuilt from sources.
700
70120231010:
702	dialog(1) has been replaced in base by bsddialog(1), while most of the
703	time replacing a dialog(1) call by a bsddialog(1) call works out of the
704	box, bsddialog(1) is not considered as a drop-in replacement for
705	dialog(1).
706
707	If you do depend on dialog(1) functionality, please install cdialog
708	from ports:
709
710	pkg install cdialog
711
71220230927:
713	The EARLY_AP_STARTUP kernel option is mandatory on x86.  The option
714	has been added to DEFAULTS, so it should automatically be included in
715	custom kernel configurations without any additional change.
716
71720230922:
718	A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default
719	behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required
720	recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP.
721
72220230914:
723	Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by
724	default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf.
725
72620230911:
727	Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang
728	internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems
729	installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow
730	for these file moves:
731
732		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities
733		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev
734		pkg upgrade -y
735
73620230909:
737	Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which
738	belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module
739	loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are
740	corresponding kernel environment variables.
741
74220230901:
743	The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have
744	been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively.
745
74620230824:
747	FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT.
748
74920230817:
750	Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has
751	been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry
752	practice and typical firmware serial console redirection
753	configuration.
754
755	Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not
756	support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may
757	set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot
758	components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start
759	with the serial port at 115200.
760
76120230807:
762	Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus-
763	frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is
764	integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's
765	no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or
766	"device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration.
767
76820230803:
769	MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config.
770	Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt.
771
77220230724:
773	CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
774	to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
775	BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
776	for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
777	the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
778
77920230713:
780	stable/14 branch created.
781
78220230629:
783	The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
784	atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
785	change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
786	file a PR and assign it to imp.
787
78820230623:
789	OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
790	the base system.  It is important to rebuild third-party software
791	after upgrading.
792
79320230619:
794	To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
795	filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
796	locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
797	delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
798
799		sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
800		service pf restart
801
802	When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
803	filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
804
80520230613:
806	Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
807	follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
808	authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
809	quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
810	already properly quoted or escaped.
811
81220230612:
813	Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
814	nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
815	nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
816	in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
817	config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
818	kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf.  The default has been nda on
819	all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
820	please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
821
822	Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
823	migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
824
82520230422:
826	Remove portsnap(8).  Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
827	using git instead.
828
82920230420:
830	Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
831	eg.
832		make buildworld-jobs
833	runs
834		make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
835
836	where JOB_MAX is derived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
837
83820230316:
839	Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
840	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
841	IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
842	"device imx6_ipu" to it.
843	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
844	TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
845	If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
846	exist anymore.
847
84820230221:
849	Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
850	for details.
851
85220230206:
853	sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
854	Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
855	`X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
856
85720230204:
858	Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
859	to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
860
86120230130:
862	As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
863	to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
864	to compile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
865
86620230126:
867	The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
868	system are now built unconditionally.
869
87020230113:
871	LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
872	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
873
87420221212:
875	llvm-objdump is now always installed as objdump.  Previously there was
876	no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
877
878	Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
879	GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
880	objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
881
88220221205:
883	dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta.  For people willing
884	to re-enable sendmail(8):
885
886	$ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
887
888	and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
889
89020221204:
891	hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
892	default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
893	the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
894	the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
895	needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
896	the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
897
898	NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
899
90020221122:
901	pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
902	These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
903	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
904
90520221121:
906	The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed.  When Clang is enabled
907	it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
908
90920221026:
910	Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
911	for pkgbase users to do:
912
913	pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
914	  FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
915
916	after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
917	installed.
918
91920221002:
920	OPIE has been removed from the base system.  If needed, it can
921	be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie).
922	Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference
923	pam_opie or pam_opieaccess.
924
92520220610:
926	LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
927	before re-compiling to avoid errors.
928
92920211230:
930	The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
931	have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
932	Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
933	be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
934	reflect this change.
935
93620211214:
937	A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
938	themselves.  A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
939
94020211209:
941	Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
942	mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
943	the coming days and weeks.
944
945	This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
946	or touch
947		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
948		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
949		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
950		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
951	before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
952
95320211202:
954	Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
955	by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
956	statement in unbound.conf:
957		local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
958
959	Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
960
961	The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
962	Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
963	using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
964	to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
965	belongs.  Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
966	such names when roaming to different homenets.
967
96820211118:
969	Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
970	tree shortly.
971
97220211110:
973	Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
974	that any of the included congestion control modules could be
975	the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
976	was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
977	this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
978	control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
979	default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
980	The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
981	as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
982	kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
983	fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
984
98520211106:
986	Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
987	The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
988	of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
989	may need to be modified.
990
99120211022:
992	The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
993	The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
994	support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
995
99620211020:
997	sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user.  To force root to use
998	the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
999
1000	# chsh -s csh
1001
100220211004:
1003	Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
1004	with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
1005	to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
1006	this change.
1007
100820210923:
1009	As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
1010	ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
1011	users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
1012	list of modules to load on their systems.
1013
101420210922:
1015	As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
1016	new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
1017	information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
1018	audio/freebsd-13-mixer
1019
102020210911:
1021	As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
1022	been deleted from the nfscommon.ko.  As such, nfsd.ko must be built
1023	from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
1024	being loaded.
1025
102620210817:
1027	As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
1028	by default.  Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
1029	option.  This can be enabled globally by using a custom
1030	OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
1031	application-specific configuration option for applications
1032	which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
1033
103420210811:
1035	Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
1036	modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
1037
103820210730:
1039	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
1040	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
1041	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
1042	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
1043
104420210729:
1045	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
1046	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
1047	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
1048
104920210716:
1050	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
1051	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
1052	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
1053
105420210715:
1055	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
1056	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
1057	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
1058	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
1059	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
1060	to update your sources past the above hash and do
1061		% cd usr.bin/awk
1062		% make clean all
1063		% sudo -E make install
1064	to enable building kernels again.
1065
106620210708:
1067	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
1068	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
1069	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
1070
107120210707:
1072	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
1073	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
1074
107520210624:
1076	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
1077	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
1078	for NFSv4 mounts.
1079	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
1080
108120210618:
1082	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
1083	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
1084	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
1085	additions and others.
1086
108720210618:
1088	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
1089	renamed to "untrusted".
1090
109120210611:
1092	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
1093	please install the svn package or port.
1094
109520210611:
1096	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
1097	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
1098	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
1099
110020210610:
1101	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
1102
110320210608:
1104	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
1105	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
1106https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
1107	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
1108	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
1109	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
1110	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
1111
111220210525:
1113	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
1114	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
1115	committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
1116	detect this.
1117
111820210513:
1119	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
1120	libraries and utilities are packaged.
1121	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
1122	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
1123	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
1124	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
1125	on the system.
1126
112720210426:
1128	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
1129	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
1130	need to be rebuilt from sources.
1131	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
1132	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
1133	is not recommended.
1134
113520210411:
1136	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
1137	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
1138	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
1139	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
1140	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
1141	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
1142
114320210330:
1144	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
1145	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
1146	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
1147	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
1148
114920210225:
1150	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
1151	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
1152	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
1153
115420210128:
1155	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
1156	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
1157	update.
1158
115920210121:
1160	stable/13 branch created.
1161
116220210108:
1163	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
1164	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
1165	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
1166	since it was bumped so recently.
1167
116820210107:
1169	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
1170	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
1171	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
1172	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
1173
117420210105:
1175	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
1176	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
1177	requires a clean build.
1178
117920201223:
1180	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
1181	instructions can be found at
1182	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
1183	and other documents in that repo.
1184
118520201216:
1186	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
1187	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
1188	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
1189	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
1190
119120201215:
1192	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
1193	may be installed from ports or packages.
1194
119520201124:
1196	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
1197	See ping(8) for details.
1198
119920201108:
1200	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
1201	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
1202	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
1203
120420201030:
1205	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
1206	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
1207	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
1208	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
1209	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
1210
121120201026:
1212	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
1213	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
1214	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
1215	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
1216	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
1217	find.
1218
121920200923:
1220	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
1221	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
1222	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
1223	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
1224
1225	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
1226	command you want to un-auger the tree is
1227		cd sys/amd64/conf
1228		svn revert -R .
1229	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
1230	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
1231
123220200824:
1233	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
1234	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
1235	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
1236	unless you  want to use new features.
1237
1238	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
1239	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
1240	rebuilding world may fail.
1241
1242	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
1243	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
1244
1245	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
1246	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
1247	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
1248	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
1249
125020200824:
1251	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
1252	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
1253	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
1254	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
1255
125620200821:
1257	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
1258	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
1259	sources.
1260
126120200817:
1262	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
1263	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
1264
126520200816:
1266	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1267	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1268	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1269	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1270
127120200810:
1272	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
1273	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
1274	from sources, so a version bump was done.
1275
127620200807:
1277	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
1278	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
1279	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
1280	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
1281
128220200729:
1283	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
1284	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
1285	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
1286	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
1287	continue to function.
1288
1289	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
1290	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
1291	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
1292	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
1293
129420200627:
1295	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
1296	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
1297	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
1298	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
1299	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
1300	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
1301	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
1302
130320200625:
1304	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
1305	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
1306
130720200613:
1308	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
1309	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
1310	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
1311
131220200604:
1313	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
1314	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
1315	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
1316	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
1317
1318	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
1319	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
1320	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
1321	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
1322	/root/.shrc.
1323
132420200523:
1325	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1326	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1327	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1328	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1329
133020200512:
1331	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
1332	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
1333
133420200424:
1335	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
1336	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
1337	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
1338	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
1339	be functional without closefrom(2).
1340
134120200414:
1342	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
1343	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
1344	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
1345	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
1346	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
1347	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
1348
134920200310:
1350	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1351	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1352	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1353	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1354
135520200309:
1356	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
1357	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
1358	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
1359
136020200301:
1361	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
1362
136320200229:
1364	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
1365	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
1366	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
1367
136820200229:
1369	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
1370	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
1371
137220200229:
1373	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
1374	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
1375	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
1376	ports or packages.
1377
137820200220:
1379	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
1380	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
1381	ncurses.
1382
138320200217:
1384	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
1385	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
1386	together with their new kernel.
1387
138820200212:
1389	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
1390	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
1391	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
1392
1393	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
1394	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
1395
139620200108:
1397	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
1398	linker for riscv64.
1399
140020200107:
1401	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
1402	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
1403	external toolchain package.
1404
140520200104:
1406	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
1407	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
1408	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
1409	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
1410	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
1411
141220200102:
1413	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
1414	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
1415	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
1416	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
1417
141820191226:
1419	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
1420	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
1421	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
1422	ABI.
1423
142420191226:
1425	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
1426
142720191222:
1428	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1429	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1430	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1431	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1432
143320191212:
1434	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
1435	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
1436	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
1437
143820191205:
1439	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
1440	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
1441	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
1442	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
1443	differences between those included in the port and those included in
1444	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
1445	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
1446	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
1447
144820191120:
1449	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
1450	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
1451	for automounting.
1452
145320191107:
1454	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
1455	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
1456	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
1457	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
1458	add superio to the set.
1459
146020191021:
1461	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
1462	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
1463
146420191021:
1465	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
1466	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
1467	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
1468	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
1469	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
1470	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
1471	completely in the future.
1472
147320191009:
1474	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
1475	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
1476	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
1477	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
1478	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
1479	will be removed from the list.
1480
148120191009:
1482	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1483	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1484	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1485	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1486
148720191003:
1488	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
1489	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
1490	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
1491	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
1492
149320190913:
1494	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
1495	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
1496	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
1497	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
1498
149920190823:
1500	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
1501	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
1502	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
1503
150420190727:
1505	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
1506	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
1507	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
1508	your scripts, because they had no effect.
1509
1510	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
1511	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
1512	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
1513	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
1514	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
1515
151620190713:
1517	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
1518	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
1519	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
1520	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
1521	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
1522	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
1523	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
1524
152520190620:
1526	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
1527	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
1528	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
1529	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
1530
153120190612:
1532	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1533	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1534	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1535	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1536
153720190608:
1538	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
1539	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
1540	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
1541
154220190513:
1543	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
1544	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
1545	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
1546	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
1547	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
1548	avoid running into the limit.
1549
155020190507:
1551	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
1552	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
1553
155420190507:
1555	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
1556	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
1557	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
1558	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
1559	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
1560	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
1561
156220190418:
1563	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
1564	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
1565	entropy:
1566
1567	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
1568	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
1569	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
1570	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
1571	availability properties.
1572
1573	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1574	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
1575	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
1576	initial condition, if desired.
1577
1578	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1579	Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
1580
1581	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
1582	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
1583	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
1584	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
1585
158620190416:
1587	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
1588	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
1589	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
1590	therefore unblocked).
1591
159220190404:
1593	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
1594	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
1595	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
1596	is added to the command line.
1597	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
1598	not affected and should continue to work.
1599
160020190320:
1601	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
1602	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
1603	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
1604	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
1605
160620190304:
1607	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1608	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1609	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1610	or higher.
1611
161220190226:
1613	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
1614	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
1615	kernel config.
1616
161720190219:
1618	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
1619	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
1620	migrating to the drm ports.
1621
162220190131:
1623	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
1624	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
1625	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
1626	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
1627	is loaded automatically.
1628
162920190125:
1630	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
1631	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
1632	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
1633	kernel config files.
1634
163520181230:
1636	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
1637	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
1638	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
1639	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
1640
164120181220:
1642	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
1643	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
1644	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
1645	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
1646	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
1647	most NFSv4 mounts.
1648
164920181219:
1650	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
1651	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
1652	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
1653
1654	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
1655	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
1656
1657	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
1658	removed from the mips port.
1659
166020181211:
1661	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1662	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1663	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1664	or higher.
1665
166620181211:
1667	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
1668	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
1669
167020181126:
1671	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
1672	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
1673	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
1674	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
1675
167620181123:
1677	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
1678	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
1679	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
1680
168120181115:
1682	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
1683	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
1684	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
1685	FreeBSD versions.
1686
168720181110:
1688	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
1689	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
1690	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
1691
1692	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
1693	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
1694	being included using the command:
1695		$ newsyslog -Nrv
1696
169720181019:
1698	Stable/12 was branched created.
1699
170020181015:
1701	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
1702	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
1703	drm-legacy-kmod.
1704
1705	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
1706	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
1707	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
1708	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
1709	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
1710	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
1711	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
1712	that as you will get better support.
1713
1714	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
1715	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
1716	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
1717	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
1718
1719	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
1720	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
1721	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
1722	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
1723	shortly.
1724
172520181012:
1726	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
1727	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
1728	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
1729	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
1730	be adjusted as necessary.
1731
173220181009:
1733	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
1734	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
1735	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
1736	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
1737
173820181006:
1739	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
1740	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
1741	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
1742	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
1743	encouraged.
1744
174520181002:
1746	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
1747	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
1748	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
1749	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
1750	nda device name.
1751
175220180913:
1753	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
1754	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
1755	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
1756	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1757	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1758	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1759
176020180826:
1761	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1762	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1763	default since FreeBSD-11.
1764
176520180822:
1766	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1767	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
1768	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1769
177020180818:
1771	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1772	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1773	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1774	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1775	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
1776	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1777	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1778
1779	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1780	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1781
178220180815:
1783	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1784	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1785	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1786	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1787	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1788	may not be observed in a future release.
1789
179020180808:
1791	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
1792	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1793	your environment.
1794
179520180731:
1796	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1797	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1798	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1799	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1800
180120180730:
1802	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1803	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1804	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1805	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1806	runtime services.
1807
180820180727:
1809	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1810	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1811	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1812
181320180723:
1814	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1815	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1816	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1817	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1818	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1819
182020180720:
1821	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1822	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1823	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1824	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1825	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1826	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1827
182820180719:
1829	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1830	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1831	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1832	boot_serial=YES
1833	boot_multicons=YES
1834	in /boot/loader.conf
1835	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1836	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1837	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1838
183920180719:
1840	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
1841	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1842	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1843	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1844	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1845	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1846	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1847	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1848	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1849	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1850	by the ntpd user.
1851
185220180717:
1853	Big endian arm support has been removed.
1854
185520180711:
1856	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1857	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
1858	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1859	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1860	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1861
186220180705:
1863	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1864	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1865	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
1866	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
1867	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1868	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1869
187020180702:
1871	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1872	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1873
187420180701:
1875	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1876	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1877	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1878	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1879	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1880	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1881	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1882
188320180630:
1884	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1885	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1886	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1887	or higher.
1888
188920180628:
1890	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1891	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1892	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1893	file.
1894
189520180612:
1896	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1897	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1898
189920180530:
1900	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1901	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1902	longer necessary.
1903
190420180530:
1905	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1906	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1907	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1908	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1909
191020180523:
1911	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1912	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1913	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1914	later than r334108.
1915
191620180517:
1917	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
1918	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1919	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1920	it must be removed.
1921
192220180510:
1923	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1924	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1925	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1926	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1927	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1928	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1929	will go away.
1930
1931	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1932	workaround is necessary.
1933
193420180508:
1935	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1936	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
1937	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
1938	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1939
194020180504:
1941	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
1942	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1943	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1944	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1945	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1946
194720180502:
1948	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
1949	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1950	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
1951	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1952
195320180501:
1954	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
1955	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1956	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1957	be removed.
1958
195920180413:
1960	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
1961	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1962	removed.
1963
196420180411:
1965	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
1966	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1967	removed.
1968
196920180406:
1970	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1971	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1972	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1973	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1974	microseconds and time zone offsets.
1975
1976	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1977	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1978	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1979	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1980	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1981	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1982	adjustments, depending on the software used.
1983
1984	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1985	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1986
1987		source src {
1988			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1989		}
1990
1991	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1992	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1993	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1994
1995		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1996
1997	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1998	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1999	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
2000	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
2001	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
2002	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
2003	thus expected to continue to function as before.
2004
2005	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
2006	change.
2007
200820180328:
2009	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
2010	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
2011	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
2012
201320180323:
2014	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
2015	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
2016	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
2017	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
2018	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
2019	should be as simple as:
2020
2021		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
2022		$ make depend all install
2023
202420180212:
2025	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
2026	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
2027	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
2028	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
2029	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
2030	provisions for backup boot methods.
2031
203220180211:
2033	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
2034	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
2035	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
2036	imp@freebsd.org.
2037
203820180114:
2039	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
2040	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
2041	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
2042	or higher.
2043
204420180110:
2045	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
2046	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
2047	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
2048
2049	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
2050	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
2051
205220180110:
2053	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
2054	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
2055	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
2056	remove it from kernel config files.
2057
205820180104:
2059	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
2060	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
2061	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
2062
2063	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
2064	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
2065
206620180102:
2067	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
2068	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
2069	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
2070	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
2071
207220171215:
2073	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
2074	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
2075
207620171214:
2077	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
2078	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
2079	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
2080	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
2081
208220171125:
2083	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
2084	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
2085	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
2086	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
2087	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
2088	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
2089
209020171110:
2091	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
2092	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
2093	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
2094
209520171106:
2096	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
2097	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
2098	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
2099	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
2100	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
2101
210220171102:
2103	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
2104	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
2105	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
2106	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
2107	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
2108	environment.
2109
211020171101:
2111	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
2112	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
2113	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
2114	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
2115	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
2116	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
2117	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
2118	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
2119	than hardcoding paths.
2120
212120171028:
2122	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
2123	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
2124	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
2125
212620171021:
2127	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
2128	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
2129	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
2130	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
2131
213220171010:
2133	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
2134	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
2135
213620171005:
2137	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
2138	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
2139	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
2140	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
2141
214220171003:
2143	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
2144	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
2145	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
2146	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
2147	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
2148
214920170912:
2150	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
2151	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
2152	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
2153	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
2154	/etc/ctl.conf .
2155
215620170912:
2157	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
2158	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
2159	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
2160	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
2161	soft-float everything else should be affected.
2162
216320170826:
2164	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
2165	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
2166
216720170825:
2168	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
2169	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
2170	to complete.
2171
217220170814:
2173	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
2174	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
2175	${TESTSDIR}.
2176
2177	Behavioral changes:
2178	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
2179	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
2180	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
2181	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
2182
2183	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
2184	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
2185	sandbox if successful.
2186
2187	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
2188	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
2189	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
2190	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
2191	an unprivileged user.
2192
219320170808:
2194	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
2195	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
2196	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
2197	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
2198	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
2199	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
2200	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
2201	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
2202	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
2203	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
2204	to which you should answer yes.
2205
220620170728:
2207	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
2208	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
2209	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
2210	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
2211	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
2212
221320170722:
2214	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
2215	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2216	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2217
221820170701:
2219	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
2220	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
2221
222220170625:
2223	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
2224	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
2225	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
2226	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
2227	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
2228	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
2229	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
2230
223120170623:
2232	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
2233	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
2234	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
2235	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
2236	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
2237	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
2238
223920170620:
2240	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
2241	if you require the GPL compiler.
2242
224320170619:
2244	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
2245	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
2246	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
2247	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
2248	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
2249	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
2250
225120170618:
2252	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
2253	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
2254	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
2255
225620170617:
2257	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
2258	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
2259	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
2260	followed.
2261
226220170531:
2263	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
2264	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
2265	from ports (and recommends to install it).
2266	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
2267	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
2268	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
2269
227020170524:
2271	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
2272	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
2273	which only require one chipset support.
2274
2275	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
2276
2277	if_ath_load="YES"
2278
2279	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
2280	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
2281	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
2282
2283	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
2284	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
2285
2286	* load ath_hal
2287	* load the chip modules in question
2288	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
2289	* load ath_main
2290	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
2291	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
2292
2293	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
2294
229520170523:
2296	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
2297	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
2298	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
2299
2300	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
2301	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
2302	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
2303
2304	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
2305	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
2306	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
2307	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
2308	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
2309	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
2310	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
2311	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
2312
231320170424:
2314	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
2315	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
2316	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
2317
231820170420:
2319	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
2320	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
2321	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
2322
232320170413:
2324	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
2325	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
2326	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
2327	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
2328	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
2329	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
2330	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
2331
233220170407:
2333	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
2334	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
2335	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
2336	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
2337
233820170405:
2339	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
2340	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
2341	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
2342
234320170331:
2344	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
2345	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
2346	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
2347
234820170329:
2349	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
2350	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
2351
2352	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
2353	via one of the following methods:
2354	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
2355	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
2356	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
2357	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
2358
2359	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
2360
236120170316:
2362	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
2363	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
2364	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
2365	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
2366	with mmc.ko).
2367
236820170315:
2369	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
2370	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
2371	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
2372	be prefixed with colon.
2373
237420170311:
2375	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
2376	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
2377	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
2378
237920170302:
2380	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
2381	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2382	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2383
238420170221:
2385	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
2386	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
2387	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
2388	change.
2389
239020170216:
2391	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
2392	valid.
2393
239420170215:
2395	MCA bus support has been removed.
2396
239720170127:
2398	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
2399	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
2400
240120170112:
2402	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
2403	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
2404
240520170109:
2406	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
2407	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
2408	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
2409	configuration.
2410
241120161217:
2412	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
2413	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2414	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2415
241620161124:
2417	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
2418	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2419	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2420
242120161119:
2422	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
2423	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
2424	that link against it need to be recompiled.
2425
242620161030:
2427	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
2428	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
2429	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
2430	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
2431
243220161017:
2433	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
2434	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
2435	parts.
2436	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
2437	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
2438
243920161015:
2440	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
2441	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
2442	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
2443	removed from base.
2444
244520161008:
2446	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
2447	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
2448	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
2449
245020161003:
2451	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
2452	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
2453
245420160924:
2455	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
2456	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
2457	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
2458	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
2459
246020160918:
2461	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
2462	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
2463	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
2464	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
2465	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
2466
246720160918:
2468	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
2469
247020160908:
2471	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
2472	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
2473	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
2474	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
2475
247620160824:
2477	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
2478	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
2479	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
2480	to 1200005.
2481
248220160818:
2483	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
2484	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
2485	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
2486	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
2487	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
2488	0.
2489
249020160818:
2491	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
2492	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
2493
249420160708:
2495	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
2496
2497After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
2498from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
2499entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
2500UPDATING file.
2501
2502COMMON ITEMS:
2503
2504	General Notes
2505	-------------
2506	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2507	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
2508	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
2509	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2510	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2511	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2512	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2513	report a bug if it happens consistently.
2514
2515	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2516	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2517	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2518	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
2519	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
2520	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2521	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2522	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2523	an exception.
2524
2525	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2526	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2527	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2528	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2529	step.
2530
2531	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2532	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2533	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2534	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2535
2536	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2537	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2538	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2539	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2540	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2541	should write them with this in mind.
2542
2543	ZFS notes
2544	---------
2545	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
2546	always follow these three steps:
2547
2548	1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2549	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2550
2551	2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
2552	doing a zpool upgrade):
2553
2554	When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
2555	block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2556		gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
2557	The value $N will typically be 1.  For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
2558
2559	3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
2560	pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
2561	zpool upgrade.
2562
2563	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2564
2565	EFI notes
2566	---------
2567
2568	There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
2569	current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
2570	efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
2571	deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
2572	fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
2573	/boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
2574	ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
2575	the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
2576
2577	Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
2578	may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
2579	location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
2580	mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
2581
2582	The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
2583	however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
2584	root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
2585	since it does not automatically understand some new features.
2586
2587	See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
2588
2589	To build a kernel
2590	-----------------
2591	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2592	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
2593	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2594
2595	make kernel-toolchain
2596	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2597	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2598
2599	If you are running kernel modules from ports, see FOOTNOTE [1].
2600
2601	To test a kernel once
2602	---------------------
2603	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2604	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2605	debugging information) run
2606	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2607	nextboot -k testkernel
2608
2609	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2610	-----------------------------------------------------------
2611	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2612	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2613
2614	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>		[2]
2615	make buildworld
2616	<make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set>	[1]
2617	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2618	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2619	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2620	etcupdate -p					[5]
2621	make installworld
2622	etcupdate					[4]
2623	make delete-old					[6]
2624	<reboot>
2625
2626	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2627	--------------------------------------------------
2628	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2629	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2630	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2631	# size.
2632
2633	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2634	<boot into -stable>
2635	make buildworld
2636	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[1]
2637	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2638	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2639	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2640	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2641	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2642	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2643	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2644	<reboot into current>
2645	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2646	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2647	<reboot>
2648
2649
2650	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2651	----------------------------------------------
2652	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>		[2]
2653	make buildworld					[9]
2654	<make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set>	[1]
2655	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2656	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2657	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2658	etcupdate -p					[5]
2659	make installworld
2660	etcupdate					[4]
2661	make delete-old					[6]
2662	<reboot>
2663
2664	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2665	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2666	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2667	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2668	the UPDATING entries.
2669
2670	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2671	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2672	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2673	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2674	much fewer pitfalls.
2675
2676FOOTNOTES:
2677
2678	[1] If you have third party modules, such as drm-kmod or vmware, you
2679	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2680	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2681	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
2682	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2683	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2684	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2685	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2686	and effective, eg:
2687	     PORTS_MODULES+=graphics/drm-kmod graphics/nvidia-drm-kmod
2688
2689	[2] To make complete dumps on zfs(4), use bectl(8), which
2690	creates bootable snapshots of configurable depth that are
2691	selectable via the bootloader. For ufs(4), use dump(8) and
2692	restore(8).
2693
2694	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2695		fsck -p
2696		mount -u /
2697		mount -a
2698		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2699		cd src			# full path to source
2700		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2701	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2702	into single user mode to do the installworld.
2703
2704	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2705	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2706	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2707	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2708	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2709	for potential gotchas.  See etcupdate(8) for more information.
2710
2711	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2712	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2713	step.
2714
2715	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2716	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2717	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2718
2719	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2720	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2721	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2722	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2723	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2724	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2725	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2726	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2727
2728	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2729	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2730	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2731	for these as well.
2732
2733	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2734	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2735	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2736
2737	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2738	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2739	warn if it is improperly defined.
2740FORMAT:
2741
2742This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2743breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2744list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2745If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2746to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2747
2748Copyright information:
2749
2750Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2751
2752Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2753modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2754document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2755
2756THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2757IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2758WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2759DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2760INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2761(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2762SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2763HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2764STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2765IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2766POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2767
2768Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2769this document.
2770