1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process 17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420181115: 35 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 36 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 37 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 38 FreeBSD versions. 39 4020181110: 41 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 42 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 43 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 44 45 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 46 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 47 being included using the command: 48 $ newsyslog -Nrv 49 5020181015: 51 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 52 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 53 drm-legacy-kmod. 54 55 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 56 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 57 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 58 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 59 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 60 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 61 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 62 that as you will get better support. 63 64 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 65 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 66 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap 67 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 68 69 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 70 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 71 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 72 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 73 shortly. 74 7520181009: 76 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 77 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is 78 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 79 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 80 8120181006: 82 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 83 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 84 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 85 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 86 encouraged. 87 8820181002: 89 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 90 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 91 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 92 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 93 nda device name. 94 9520180913: 96 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 97 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 98 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 99 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 100 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 101 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 102 10320180826: 104 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 105 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 106 default since FreeBSD-11. 107 10820180822: 109 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 110 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 111 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 112 11320180818: 114 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 115 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 116 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 117 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 118 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 119 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 120 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 121 122 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 123 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 124 12520180815: 126 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 127 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 128 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 129 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 130 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 131 may not be observed in a future release. 132 13320180808: 134 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 135 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 136 your environment. 137 13820180731: 139 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 140 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 141 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 142 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 143 14420180730: 145 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 146 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 147 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 148 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 149 runtime services. 150 15120180727: 152 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 153 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 154 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 155 15620180723: 157 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 158 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 159 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 160 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 161 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 162 16320180720: 164 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 165 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 166 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 167 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 168 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 169 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 170 17120180719: 172 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 173 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 174 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add : 175 boot_serial=YES 176 boot_multicons=YES 177 in /boot/loader.conf 178 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 179 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that 180 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer. 181 18220180719: 183 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 184 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 185 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 186 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 187 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 188 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 189 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 190 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 191 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 192 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 193 by the ntpd user. 194 19520180717: 196 Big endian arm support has been removed. 197 19820180711: 199 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 200 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 201 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 202 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 203 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 204 20520180705: 206 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 207 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 208 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 209 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 210 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 211 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 212 21320180702: 214 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 215 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 216 21720180701: 218 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 219 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 220 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 221 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 222 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 223 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 224 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 225 22620180630: 227 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 228 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 229 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 230 or higher. 231 23220180628: 233 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 234 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 235 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file. 236 23720180612: 238 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 239 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 240 24120180530: 242 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 243 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 244 longer necessary. 245 24620180530: 247 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 248 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 249 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 250 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 251 25220180523: 253 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 254 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 255 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 256 later than r334108. 257 25820180517: 259 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 260 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 261 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 262 it must be removed. 263 26420180510: 265 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 266 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 267 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 268 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 269 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 270 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 271 will go away. 272 273 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 274 workaround is necessary. 275 27620180508: 277 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 278 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and 279 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 280 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 281 28220180504: 283 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 284 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 285 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 286 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 287 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 288 28920180502: 290 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 291 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 292 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 293 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 294 29520180501: 296 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 297 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 298 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 299 be removed. 300 30120180413: 302 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 303 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 304 removed. 305 30620180411: 307 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 308 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 309 removed. 310 31120180406: 312 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 313 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 314 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 315 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 316 microseconds and time zone offsets. 317 318 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 319 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 320 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 321 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 322 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 323 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 324 adjustments, depending on the software used. 325 326 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 327 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 328 329 source src { 330 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 331 } 332 333 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 334 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 335 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 336 337 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 338 339 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 340 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 341 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 342 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 343 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 344 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 345 thus expected to continue to function as before. 346 347 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 348 change. 349 35020180328: 351 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 352 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 353 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 354 35520180323: 356 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 357 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 358 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 359 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 360 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 361 should be as simple as: 362 363 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 364 $ make depend all install 365 36620180212: 367 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 368 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 369 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 370 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 371 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 372 provisions for backup boot methods. 373 37420180211: 375 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 376 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to 377 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org. 378 37920180114: 380 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 381 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 382 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 383 or higher. 384 38520180110: 386 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 387 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 388 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 389 390 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 391 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 392 39320180110: 394 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 395 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still 396 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it 397 from kernel config files. 398 39920180104: 400 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 401 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 402 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 403 404 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 405 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 406 40720180102: 408 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 409 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 410 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 411 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 412 41320171215: 414 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 415 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 416 41720171214: 418 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 419 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 420 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 421 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 422 42320171125: 424 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 425 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 426 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 427 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 428 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 429 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 430 43120171110: 432 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to 433 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 434 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 435 43620171106: 437 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 438 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 439 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 440 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 441 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 442 44320171102: 444 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 445 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 446 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 447 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 448 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 449 environment. 450 45120171101: 452 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 453 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 454 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 455 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 456 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 457 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 458 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 459 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 460 than hardcoding paths. 461 46220171028: 463 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 464 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 465 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 466 46720171021: 468 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 469 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 470 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 471 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 472 47320171010: 474 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 475 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 476 47720171005: 478 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 479 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 480 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 481 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 482 48320171003: 484 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 485 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 486 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 487 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 488 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 489 49020170912: 491 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 492 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 493 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 494 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 495 /etc/ctl.conf . 496 49720170912: 498 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 499 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 500 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 501 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 502 soft-float everything else should be affected. 503 50420170826: 505 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 506 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 507 50820170825: 509 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 510 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 511 to complete. 512 51320170814: 514 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 515 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 516 ${TESTSDIR}. 517 518 Behavioral changes: 519 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 520 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 521 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 522 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 523 524 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 525 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 526 sandbox if successful. 527 528 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 529 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 530 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 531 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 532 an unprivileged user. 533 53420170808: 535 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 536 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 537 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 538 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 539 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 540 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 541 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 542 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 543 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 544 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 545 to which you should answer yes. 546 54720170728: 548 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 549 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 550 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 551 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 552 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 553 55420170722: 555 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 556 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 557 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 558 55920170701: 560 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 561 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 562 56320170625: 564 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 565 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 566 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 567 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 568 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 569 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 570 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 571 57220170623: 573 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 574 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 575 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 576 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 577 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 578 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 579 58020170620: 581 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 582 if you require the GPL compiler. 583 58420170618: 585 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 586 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 587 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 588 58920170617: 590 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 591 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 592 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 593 followed. 594 59520170531: 596 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 597 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 598 from ports (and recommends to install it). 599 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 600 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 601 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 602 60320170524: 604 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 605 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 606 which only require one chipset support. 607 608 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 609 610 if_ath_load="YES" 611 612 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 613 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 614 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 615 616 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS 617 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 618 619 * load ath_hal 620 * load the chip modules in question 621 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 622 * load ath_main 623 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 624 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 625 626 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 627 62820170523: 629 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 630 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 631 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 632 633 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 634 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 635 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 636 637 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 638 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the 639 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild 640 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically, 641 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before 642 installing world. 643 64420170424: 645 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 646 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 647 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 648 64920170420: 650 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 651 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 652 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 653 65420170413: 655 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 656 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 657 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 658 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 659 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 660 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 661 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 662 66320170407: 664 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 665 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 666 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 667 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 668 66920170405: 670 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 671 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 672 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 673 67420170331: 675 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 676 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 677 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 678 67920170329: 680 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 681 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 682 683 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 684 via one of the following methods: 685 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 686 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 687 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 688 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 689 690 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 691 69220170316: 693 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 694 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 695 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 696 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 697 with mmc.ko). 698 69920170315: 700 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 701 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 702 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 703 be prefixed with colon. 704 70520170311: 706 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 707 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 708 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 709 71020170302: 711 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 712 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 713 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 714 71520170221: 716 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 717 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 718 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 719 change. 720 72120170216: 722 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 723 valid. 724 72520170215: 726 MCA bus support has been removed. 727 72820170127: 729 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 730 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 731 73220170112: 733 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 734 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 735 73620170109: 737 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 738 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 739 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration. 740 74120161217: 742 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 743 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 744 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 745 74620161124: 747 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 748 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 749 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 750 75120161119: 752 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 753 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 754 that link against it need to be recompiled. 755 75620161030: 757 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 758 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 759 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 760 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 761 76220161017: 763 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 764 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 765 parts. 766 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 767 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 768 76920161015: 770 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 771 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 772 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 773 removed from base. 774 77520161008: 776 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 777 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 778 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 779 78020161003: 781 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 782 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 783 78420160924: 785 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 786 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 787 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 788 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 789 79020160918: 791 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 792 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 793 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 794 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 795 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 796 79720160918: 798 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 799 80020160908: 801 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 802 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 803 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 804 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 805 80620160824: 807 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 808 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 809 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 810 to 1200005. 811 81220160818: 813 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 814 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 815 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 816 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 817 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 818 0. 819 82020160818: 821 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 822 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 823 82420160708: 825 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 826 82720160622: 828 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 829 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 830 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 831 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 832 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 833 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 834 kernel. 835 83620160527: 837 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 838 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 839 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 840 previously contained a line like 841 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 842 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 843 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 844 generally be fine. 845 84620160523: 847 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 848 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 849 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 850 built with the old headers. 851 85220160520: 853 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 854 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 855 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 856 installing a new libc. 857 85820160517: 859 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 860 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 861 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 862 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 863 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 864 packages will be needed. 865 866 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 867 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 868 and the install steps. 869 87020160510: 871 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 872 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 873 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 874 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 875 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 876 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 877 87820160414: 879 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 880 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 881 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 882 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 883 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 884 885 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 886 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 887 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 888 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 889 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 890 891 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 892 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 893 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 894 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 895 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 896 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 897 vendors work. 898 899 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 900 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 901 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 902 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 903 quirks entry to 0x3. 904 90520160330: 906 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 907 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 908 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 909 91020160317: 911 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 912 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 913 91420160311: 915 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 916 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 917 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 918 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 919 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 920 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 921 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 922 stale .depend files. 923 92420160306: 925 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 926 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 927 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 928 rebooting, e.g.: 929 930 make buildworld 931 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 932 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 933 make -C sys/boot install 934 <reboot in single user> 935 936 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 937 below. 938 93920160305: 940 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 941 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 942 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 943 94420160301: 945 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 946 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 947 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 948 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 949 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 950 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 951 95220160226: 953 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 954 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 955 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 956 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 957 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 958 95920160129: 960 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 961 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 962 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 963 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 964 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 965 96620160119: 967 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 968 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 969 97020160113: 971 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 972 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 973 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 974 97520151216: 976 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 977 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 978 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 979 other loaders. 980 98120151211: 982 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 983 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 984 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 985 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 986 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 987 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 988 98920151207: 990 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 991 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 992 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 993 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 994 in src.conf(5). 995 99620151130: 997 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 998 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 999 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1000 100120151108: 1002 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 1003 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 1004 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 1005 1006 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 1007 collation results will be different. 1008 1009 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 1010 locales before running make installworld. 1011 1012 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 1013 101420151030: 1015 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 1016 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 1017 101820151020: 1019 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 1020 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 1021 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 1022 102320151017: 1024 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 1025 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 1026 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 1027 and 'make -N' will not. 1028 102920151012: 1030 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 1031 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 1032 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 1033 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 1034 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 1035 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 1036 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 1037 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 1038 103920151011: 1040 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 1041 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 1042 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 1043 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 1044 104520151006: 1046 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 1047 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1048 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1049 105020150924: 1051 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 1052 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 1053 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 1054 userland debug files. 1055 1056 When using the supported kernel installation method the 1057 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 1058 as is done with /boot/kernel. 1059 1060 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 1061 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 1062 106320150827: 1064 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 1065 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 1066 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 1067 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 1068 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 1069 rc.d scripts in /etc. 1070 107120150827: 1072 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 1073 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 1074 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 1075 107620150817: 1077 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 1078 them, the kernel must have 1079 1080 device random 1081 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 1082 1083 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 1084 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 1085 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 1086 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 1087 1088 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 1089 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 1090 109120150813: 1092 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1093 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 1094 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 1095 109620150810: 1097 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 1098 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 1099 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 1100 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 1101 1102 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 1103 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 1104 difference with this change. 1105 1106 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 1107 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 1108 remove that workaround. 1109 111020150809: 1111 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 1112 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 1113 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 1114 with: 1115 1116 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 1117 111820150806: 1119 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 1120 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 1121 loader.rc.local instead. 1122 112320150805: 1124 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 1125 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 1126 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 1127 112820150728: 1129 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 1130 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 1131 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 1132 1133 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 1134 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 1135 113620150706: 1137 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 1138 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 1139 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 1140 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 1141 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 1142 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 1143 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 1144 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 1145 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 1146 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 1147 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 1148 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 1149 115020150630: 1151 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 1152 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 1153 1154 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 1155 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 1156 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 1157 1158 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 1159 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 1160 1161 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 1162 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 1163 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 1164 1165 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 1166 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 1167 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 1168 and it is assumed you know what you need. 1169 1170 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 1171 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 1172 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 1173 behaviour from your security subsystems. 1174 1175 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 1176 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 1177 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 1178 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 1179 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 1180 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 1181 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 1182 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 1183 will never happen. 1184 118520150623: 1186 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 1187 entry below has been committed in revision 284717. 1188 118920150616: 1190 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 1191 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 1192 119320150615: 1194 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 1195 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work 1196 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 1197 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 1198 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 1199 120020150614: 1201 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 1202 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 1203 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 1204 with Kyuafile and kyua. 1205 120620150614: 1207 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 1208 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 1209 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 1210 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 1211 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 1212 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 1213 2048 bit DH parameter by: 1214 1215 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 1216 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 1217 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 1218 replace it with '2'. 1219 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 1220 a file path, create a new file with: 1221 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 1222 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 1223 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 1224 5. Restart sendmail: 1225 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 1226 1227 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 1228 updated. 1229 123020150604: 1231 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 1232 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 1233 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 1234 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 1235 5.x. 1236 1237 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 1238 123920150525: 1240 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 1241 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 1242 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1243 124420150521: 1245 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 1246 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 1247 and Pandaboard: 1248 1249 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 1250 same but content is different now 1251 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 1252 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 1253 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 1254 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 1255 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 1256 125720150501: 1258 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 1259 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 1260 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 1261 126220150423: 1263 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 1264 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 1265 126620150415: 1267 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 1268 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 1269 127020150416: 1271 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 1272 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 1273 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 1274 127520150324: 1276 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 1277 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 1278 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 1279 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 1280 128120150315: 1282 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 1283 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1284 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1285 128620150307: 1287 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1288 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 1289 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 1290 kernel before rebooting. 1291 129220150217: 1293 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 1294 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 1295 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 1296 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 1297 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 1298 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 1299 130020150210: 1301 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 1302 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 1303 with the new kernel. 1304 130520150131: 1306 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1307 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 1308 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 1309 131020150118: 1311 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 1312 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 1313 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 1314 are not already using 3.5.0. 1315 131620150107: 1317 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 1318 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 1319 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 1320 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 1321 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 1322 132320150105: 1324 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 1325 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 1326 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 1327 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 1328 132920150102: 1330 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 1331 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 1332 133320141231: 1334 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 1335 1336 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 1337 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 1338 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 1339 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 1340 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 1341 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 1342 later. 1343 1344 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 1345 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 1346 of the box. 1347 1348 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 1349 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 1350 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 1351 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 1352 1353 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 1354 the instructions for 9.x above. 1355 1356 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 1357 default, and do not build clang. 1358 1359 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 1360 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 1361 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 1362 1363 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 1364 the following are most likely to appear: 1365 1366 -Wabsolute-value 1367 1368 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 1369 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 1370 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 1371 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 1372 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 1373 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 1374 cast, or disable the warning. 1375 1376 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 1377 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 1378 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 1379 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 1380 side-effects. 1381 1382 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 1383 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 1384 1385 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 1386 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 1387 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 1388 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 1389 1390 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 1391 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 1392 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 1393 unreachable could be optimized away. 1394 139520141222: 1396 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 1397 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 1398 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 1399 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 1400 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 1401 the utilities will report errors. 1402 140320141121: 1404 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 1405 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 1406 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 1407 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 1408 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 1409 LOCAL_DIRS. 1410 141120141109: 1412 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 1413 has been obsolete for a very long time. 1414 141520141104: 1416 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 1417 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 1418 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 1419 drivers. 1420 1421 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 1422 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 1423 indicate what you need to do. 1424 1425 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 1426 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 1427 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 1428 1429 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 1430 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 1431 kern.vty=sc 1432 143320141102: 1434 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 1435 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 1436 execute it. 1437 143820141009: 1439 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 1440 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 1441 devel/gperf port. 1442 144320140923: 1444 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 1445 contrib/pjdfstest . 1446 144720140922: 1448 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 1449 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 1450 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 1451 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 1452 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 1453 their next update cycle. 1454 145520140729: 1456 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 1457 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 1458 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 1459 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 1460 1.12.4_8 or newer. 1461 146220140723: 1463 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 1464 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 1465 146620140719: 1467 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 1468 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 1469 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 1470 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 1471 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 1472 new configuration. 1473 147420140709: 1475 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 1476 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 1477 them again. 1478 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 1479 148020140708: 1481 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 1482 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 1483 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 1484 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 1485 requires readline. 1486 148720140702: 1488 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 1489 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 1490 architecture. 1491 149220140701: 1493 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 1494 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 1495 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 1496 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 1497 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1498 149920140629: 1500 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 1501 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 1502 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 1503 150420140619: 1505 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 1506 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 1507 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 1508 150920140606: 1510 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 1511 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 1512 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 1513 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 1514 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 1515 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 1516 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 1517 "make installworld". 1518 1519 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 1520 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 1521 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 1522 is run. 1523 1524 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 1525 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 1526 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 1527 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 1528 be removed during a clean upgrade. 1529 153020140512: 1531 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 1532 153320140508: 1534 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 1535 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 1536 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 1537 153820140505: 1539 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 1540 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 1541 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 1542 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 1543 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 1544 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 1545 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 1546 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 1547 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 1548 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 1549 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 1550 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 1551 1552 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 1553 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 1554 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 1555 as well. 1556 155720140430: 1558 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 1559 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1560 156120140424: 1562 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 1563 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 1564 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 1565 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 1566 build hosts for older releases. 1567 1568 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 1569 r276991, respectively. 1570 157120140418: 1572 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 1573 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 1574 will silently lack HESIOD. 1575 157620140405: 1577 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 1578 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 1579 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 1580 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 1581 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 1582 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 1583 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 1584 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 1585 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 1586 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 1587 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 1588 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 1589 159020140306: 1591 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 1592 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 1593 with command line option -W. 1594 159520140226: 1596 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 1597 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 1598 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 1599 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 1600 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 1601 160220140216: 1603 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 1604 160520140216: 1606 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 1607 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 1608 160920140212: 1610 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 1611 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 1612 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 1613 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 1614 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 1615 161620140204: 1617 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 1618 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 1619 kernel is still highly recommended. 1620 162120140131: 1622 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 1623 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 1624 capability mode support in kernel. 1625 162620140128: 1627 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 1628 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 1629 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 1630 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 1631 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 1632 163320140110: 1634 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 1635 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 1636 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 1637 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 1638 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 1639 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 1640 164120131213: 1642 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 1643 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 1644 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 1645 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 1646 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 1647 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 1648 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 1649 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 1650 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 1651 165220131108: 1653 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 1654 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 1655 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 1656 should change your settings to use the latter. 1657 165820131025: 1659 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 1660 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 1661 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 1662 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 1663 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 1664 166520131014: 1666 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 1667 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 1668 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 1669 delete-old-libs": 1670 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 1671 or 1672 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 1673 167420131010: 1675 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 1676 revision r256279. 1677 1678COMMON ITEMS: 1679 1680 General Notes 1681 ------------- 1682 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1683 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1684 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1685 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1686 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1687 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1688 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1689 1690 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1691 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1692 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1693 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1694 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1695 1696 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1697 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1698 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1699 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1700 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1701 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1702 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1703 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1704 an exception. 1705 1706 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1707 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1708 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1709 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1710 1711 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1712 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1713 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1714 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1715 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1716 should write them with this in mind. 1717 1718 ZFS notes 1719 --------- 1720 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1721 these two steps: 1722 1723 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1724 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1725 1726 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1727 1728 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1729 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1730 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 1731 1732 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1733 1734 To build a kernel 1735 ----------------- 1736 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1737 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1738 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1739 1740 make kernel-toolchain 1741 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1742 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1743 1744 To test a kernel once 1745 --------------------- 1746 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1747 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1748 debugging information) run 1749 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1750 nextboot -k testkernel 1751 1752 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1753 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1754 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1755 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1756 1757 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1758 make buildworld 1759 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1760 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1761 [1] 1762 <reboot in single user> [3] 1763 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1764 make installworld 1765 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1766 make delete-old [6] 1767 <reboot> 1768 1769 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1770 -------------------------------------------------- 1771 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1772 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1773 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1774 # size. 1775 1776 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1777 <boot into -stable> 1778 make buildworld 1779 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1780 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1781 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1782 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1783 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1784 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1785 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1786 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1787 <reboot into current> 1788 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1789 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1790 <reboot> 1791 1792 1793 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1794 ---------------------------------------------- 1795 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1796 make buildworld [9] 1797 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1798 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1799 [1] 1800 <reboot in single user> [3] 1801 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1802 make installworld 1803 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1804 make delete-old [6] 1805 <reboot> 1806 1807 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1808 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1809 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1810 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1811 the UPDATING entries. 1812 1813 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1814 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1815 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1816 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1817 much fewer pitfalls. 1818 1819 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1820 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1821 system on reboot. 1822 1823 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1824 fsck -p 1825 mount -u / 1826 mount -a 1827 cd src 1828 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1829 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1830 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1831 1832 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1833 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1834 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1835 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1836 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1837 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1838 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1839 1840 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1841 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1842 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1843 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1844 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1845 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1846 1847 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1848 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1849 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1850 1851 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1852 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1853 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1854 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1855 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1856 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1857 1858 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1859 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1860 1861 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1862 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1863 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1864 1865 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1866 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1867 warn if it is improperly defined. 1868FORMAT: 1869 1870This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1871breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1872list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1873If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1874to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1875 1876Copyright information: 1877 1878Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1879 1880Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1881modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1882document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1883 1884THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1885IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1886WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1887DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1888INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1889(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1890SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1891HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1892STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1893IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1894POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1895 1896Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1897this document. 1898 1899$FreeBSD$ 1900