xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision f939619a2f989656e1ecdfd7a2759e3ba44d4ec7)
1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 16.x IS SLOW:
16	FreeBSD 16.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
20	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
21	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
22	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
26	debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27	world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28	at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
29
3020251105:
31	pf(4) now supports nat64 via the af-to keyword.
32
3320251102:
34	Commit e5aa60d06958 changed the internal KAPI between
35	the NFS modules.  As such, they all need to be rebuilt
36	from sources.  __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1600004 for this.
37
3820251025:
39	flua(1) has moved to the new FreeBSD-flua package.  If you use flua,
40	you may want to install this package if it's not otherwise installed
41	as a dependency of something else.  This change only affects pkgbase
42	users.
43
4420251021:
45	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1600002 for LinuxKPI.  An embedded struct
46	has changed size and might possibly be an issue otherwise.
47
4820251016:
49	With the migration to OpenZFS in FreeBSD 13.x a number of ZFS sysctls
50	moved to new locations, but backwards compatibility aliases were
51	provided.  These aliases will be removed in the near future.  Please
52	update /etc/sysctl.conf to reference the new OIDs.  For example,
53
54	        vfs.zfs.min_auto_ashift=12
55
56	needs to be changed to
57
58	        vfs.zfs.vdev.min_auto_ashift=12
59
6020251015:
61	The "FreeBSD-unbound" package is renamed to "FreeBSD-local-unbound".
62	If you have set-optional or set-base installed, the new package will
63	be installed automatically, otherwise you should manually install the
64	new package and remove the old one.
65
66	This change only affects pkgbase users.
67
6820251012:
69	Blacklist has been renamed upstream to Blocklist.  If you have it
70	configured, rename all configuration files, firewall anchors or
71	sentinel files to reflect the new nomenclature.  Old setups will
72	continue to work emitting a warning.
73
7420251002:
75	Audio-related utilities including mixer(8) and virtual_oss(8) have
76	moved to the new FreeBSD-sound package.  If you have set-optional or
77	set-base installed this package will be installed automatically,
78	otherwise you should install it manually if you need these utilities.
79
8020250929:
81	Both drm-kmod and nividia-drm ports had to be updated to either no
82	longer conflict on LinuxKPI vs. native PCI changes and/or to keep
83	working after some LinuxKPI PCI adjustments which were previously
84	hidden behind native PCI.
85	Bump __FreeBSD_version 1600001 so users will pick up updated packages.
86
8720250929:
88	The deprecated ftpd(8) has been removed.  Users who still need ftpd
89	can install the ftp/freebsd-ftpd port.  pkgbase users should remove
90	the orphaned FreeBSD-ftpd package.
91
9220250923:
93	Several changes which affect pkgbase users (only):
94
95	powerd has been moved to a new FreeBSD-powerd package.  If you have
96	FreeBSD-set-minimal installed, the new package will be installed
97	automatically, otherwise you may want to install it by hand.
98
99	libpmc and related utilities (/usr/sbin/pmc*) have moved to the new
100	FreeBSD-pmc package.  If you use these, you may want to install the
101	package.
102
103	The libbz2 package has been renamed to bzip2, and /usr/bin/bzip2 has
104	been moved to the new package.  If you have set-minimal installed,
105	the new package will be added automatically, otherwise you may want
106	to manually install it.
107
108	This only affects pkgbase users.
109
11020250918:
111	mandoc (including /usr/bin/man) has been moved to a new package,
112	FreeBSD-mandoc.  If you have the minimal set installed, this package
113	will be installed automatically, otherwise you may want to install it.
114
115	Kyua has been moved to the FreeBSD-kyua package, and ATF has been moved
116	to the FreeBSD-atf* packages.  If you have FreeBSD-tests installed,
117	these packages will be installed automatically, otherwise you should
118	manually install them if you need these tools.
119
120	This only affects pkgbase users.
121
12220250912:
123	If SRCCONF is unset and a file named src.conf is present at
124	the top of the source tree, it will now be used instead of
125	/etc/src.conf.
126
12720250907:
128	The MANSPLITPKG knob has been turned off by default, so pkgbase builds
129	will no longer generate "-man" subpackages; instead the manpages will
130	be shipped in the packages they belong to.  If you want to continue
131	building split man packages, set WITH_MANSPLITPKG=1.
132
13320250905:
134	FreeBSD 16.0-CURRENT.
135
13620250903:
137	The BLOAT_KERNEL_WITH_EXTERR kernel config option has been renamed to
138	EXTERR_STRINGS.
139
14020250827:
141	The names of pkg repositories defined in /etc/pkg/FreeBSD.conf have
142	changed: "FreeBSD" is now "FreeBSD-ports", and "FreeBSD-kmods" is now
143	"FreeBSD-ports-kmods".  Users with /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos files
144	which override these will need to adjust their configuration to match
145	the new names.
146
14720250823:
148	The set of pkgbase packages for Kerberos and OpenSSL has changed.
149	After updating past 250e77d4f0a5, you should check 'pkg orphans'
150	and remove any orphaned packages, then examine the output of
151	'pkg install -r base -g FreeBSD-openssl\* FreeBSD-kerberos\*'
152	and install any new packages you need.
153
15420250823:
155	To restore bridge(4)'s ABI compatibility with ifconfig from 14.x or
156	earlier, the size of struct ifbreq has changed, so you must update
157	the kernel and /sbin/ifconfig at the same time or you will not be
158	able to add interfaces to bridge.  This is particularly important
159	if you require bridge for network access during boot, in which case
160	you should install the new kernel and the new /sbin/ifconfig prior
161	to rebooting.
162
16320250820:
164	The WITHOUT_GSSAPI src.conf knob has been removed.  This was already
165	a no-op for MIT Kerberos, so this only affects builds which set
166	WITHOUT_MITKRB5=1, in which case you now always get libgssapi.
167
168	Also, Heimdal's compile_et and libcom_err are now controlled by
169	WITHOUT_KERBEROS, not WITHOUT_KERBEROS_SUPPORT.  This matches
170	the behaviour of the MIT Kerberos versions.
171
17220250820:
173	Commits 08c7dd2fbe4f and a4197ea47777 have changed the ABI between
174	libvmmapi and the vmm device. If using a custom kernel configuration,
175	please ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD14 option is included so older
176	versions of libvmmapi continue working as expected.
177
17820250819:
179	The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-on to default-off.
180	This reverts the 20250808 change below, which had reverted the 20240729
181	change before it.  Note that some src.conf(5) options are known to break
182	ABI or compatibility in ways that may require a clean build initially
183	when switched.
184
18520250816:
186	Sendmail's libmilter has been moved to its own package.  If you want
187	to compile applications that use libmilter, you should install the
188	FreeBSD-libmilter* packages.
189
190	If you only have FreeBSD-sendmail installed for applications that
191	require libmilter, you can now remove it.
192
19320250815:
194	The [gs]etgroups(2)syscalls have changed. To maintain backwards
195	compatibility with existing programs, you need COMPAT_FREEBSD14 in
196	your kernel config until all applications which use this are
197	rebuild/reinstalled.
198
19920250815:
200	jemalloc 5.3.0 has been committed to the tree.
201
20220250815:
203	The removal of Secure RPC DES authentication noted in 20250810
204	has been reverted.  (However, it is still non-functional.)
205
20620250813:
207	Commit cce64f2e6851 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
208	modules.  As such, all of them need to be rebuilt from sources.
209	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1500060 already today,
210	 so I will not bump it again for this.
211
21220250813:
213	The gpiobus_attach_bus() function has been removed. Drivers should now
214	use the gpiobus_add_bus() function instead. The difference being that
215	gpiobus_add_bus() doesn't call bus_attach_children(), calling it will
216	be the responsibility of the caller now.
217
21820250810:
219	Support for Secure RPC DES authentication has been removed.
220	The keyserv(8) daemon was already removed, but support for it in libc
221	has also been removed, so if you somehow still had keyserv installed,
222	it will now stop working.  There is no workaround for this.  Removing
223	DES is considered a feature.
224
22520250808:
226	The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-off to
227	default-on.  This reverts the 20240729 change below.
228
22920250807:
230	routed(8) and route6d(8) have moved to the FreeBSD-rip package.
231	If you use either of these, you should install the new package.
232
23320250806:
234	if_epair(4) now uses ether_gen_addr(9) to generate a stable MAC
235	address.
236	To keep using the random address, set the loader tunable
237	net.link.epair.ether_gen_addr=0.
238
23920250804:
240	bsdconfig (including sysrc(8)) has moved to the new bsdconfig
241	package.  If you use pkgbase and wish to use bsdconfig, you should
242	install FreeBSD-bsdconfig.
243
24420250730:
245	The usbhid(4) USB HID driver is now enabled by default, and will be
246	used in preference to other USB HID drivers like ukbd(4), ums(4), and
247	uhid(4).  Work on a FIDO/U2F driver and moused(8) is in progress.
248	The default is being switched now so that we can find and fix any
249	additional issues prior to FreeBSD 15.0.
250
251	To revert to the previous USB HID driver behavior, set the loader
252	tunable hw.usb.usbhid.enable=0.
253
25420250727:
255	bmake (i.e., /usr/bin/make and /usr/share/mk) has moved to a new
256	package, FreeBSD-bmake.  If you use pkgbase and you need make, you
257	should install this package.
258
25920250726:
260	amd64 kernel configurations must contain "options SMP".
261
26220250725:
263	gssd(8) has been moved to a new package, FreeBSD-gssd.  If you use
264	pkgbase and you need gssd, you should install this package.
265
26620250724:
267	The Kerberos packages which are built when WITH_MITKRB5 is enabled
268	have been renamed from FreeBSD-krb5* to FreeBSD-kerberos*.  This
269	affects pkgbase users who manually enabled WITH_MITKRB5, *or* use
270	the default value of WITH_MITKRB5 and updated past c7da9fb90b0b
271	(20250721) which made WITH_MITKRB5 the default.
272
273	In either case, if you have FreeBSD-krb5* packages installed, you
274	should remove them and (re)install the equivalent FreeBSD-kerberos*
275	packages instead.
276
27720250721:
278	WITH_MITKRB5 is now enabled by default. MIT KRB5 has replaced
279	Heimdal in base. Ports that use USES=gssapi must be rebuilt.
280	A clean buildworld is required.
281
28220250719:
283	Commits 392a82b225 and c00baac0ab both changed the
284	internal API between the NFS modules.  As such, all
285	these modules need to be rebuilt from sources.
286	__FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1500053 for this.
287
28820250710:
289	The shar(1) utility has been removed from base.  The
290	sysutils/freebsd-shar port was created to maintain this version of
291	shar(1) past its removal from base.
292
29320250704:
294	LinuxKPI device.h and acpi changes effecting drivers and drm-kmod.
295	Bump __FreeBSD_version 1500050 to be able to detect these changes.
296
29720250630:
298	Commits 171f66b0c2ca and 8e2a90ac8089 changed the internal
299	api between nfscommon.ko and the other nfs modules.
300	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500049 for this.
301	All NFS related modules must be rebuilt from up-to-date
302	sources.
303
30420250625:
305	"make delete-old" will now remove the Forth bootloader entirely
306	if the system is built with WITHOUT_FORTH.
307
30820250614:
309	MIT KRB5 (MIT Kerberos5) has been imported into 15-CURRENT. To
310	and install MIT KRB5, add WITH_MITKRB5=yes to /etc/src.conf. This
311	will build and install MIT KRB5 1.21.3. And it will remove Heimdal
312	1.5.2 when delete-old and delete-old-libs are run. To revert back
313	simply buildworld/installworld again with delete-old-libs and
314	delete-old.
315
316	At the moment we only know of a couple of ports that might be
317	affected. Adjusting libmap.conf does not circumvent runtime issues.
318	The few affected ports must be rebuilt. A successful exp-run will be
319	run before MIT KRB5 becomes default.
320
321	Those using the KDC in FreeBSD base may wish to wait. The Heimdal
322	HDB is incompatible with the MIT KRB5 KDC. The migration procedure
323	is a little involved.
324
32520250603:
326	LinuxKPI dma-mapping.h were pulled into the tree from drm-kmod.
327	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1500045 to be able to detect this change.
328
32920250527:
330	pf changed extension header handling. It now treats AH headers on IPv4 just
331	like AH headers on IPv6 and skips over them, allowing filtering on the inner
332	protocol.
333
33420250527:
335	pf now blocks IPv6 packets with a hop-by-hop or destination options header by
336	default. Such packets can be passed by adding "allow-opts" to the rule. IPv6
337	options are now handled just like their IPv4 counterparts.
338
33920250527:
340	The CAM target layer userland, i.e. ctld(8), ctladm(8) and ctlstat(8),
341	has moved to the new FreeBSD-ctl package.  If you use pkgbase and you
342	need the CAM Target Layer, you should install the new package.
343
344	Development-related tools (e.g. ar and nm) have moved to the new
345	"FreeBSD-toolchain" package, which subsumes and obsoletes the
346	existing "FreeBSD-elftoolchain" package.  If you use pkgbase and
347	need to compile software, you should install the new package and
348	ensure the old FreeBSD-elftoolchain* packages are completely removed.
349
35020250521:
351	Commit e64fe5ad3a23 removed in6_maxmtu and its setter in6_setmaxmtu().
352	in6_maxmtu is used to store the max IPv6 MTU of all interfaces,
353	however it does not have any in-tree consumers since the introduction
354	from the KAME project. The removal should have little impact, and the
355	max IPv6 MTU can be easily retrieved by iterating over all the attached
356	interface if 3rd party modules need it.
357
35820250515:
359	Commit 772258c89f28 changed the internal API between the nfscommon
360	and nfscl modules.  Both need to be built from updated sources.
361
36220250513:
363	The bridge(4) sysctl net.link.bridge.member_ifaddrs now defaults to 0,
364	meaning that interfaces added to a bridge may not have IP addresses
365	assigned.  Refer to bridge(4) for more information.
366
36720250507:
368	UMASS quirks and auto-quirk probing has been overhauled. CAM now won't
369	send SYNCHRONIZE CACHE unless MODE PAGE 8 is present and valid. This
370	should allow more devices to work (since the auto quirk code was updated
371	in 14 and broke several e-readers and the like). Please send imp@freebsd.org
372	any regression reports.
373
37420250504:
375	Commit 9419e086e1a3 changed the internal API between the nfscommon
376	and nfscl modules.  Both need to be built from updated sources.
377
37820250412:
379	LinuxKPI alloc routines were changed to return physically contiguous
380	memory where expected. These changes may require out-of-tree drivers
381	to be recompiled.
382	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500037 to be able to detect this change.
383
38420250409:
385	Intel iwlwifi firmware has been removed from the src repository.
386	Before updating their system, users of iwlwifi(4) or iwx(4) must
387	install the appropriate firmware for their chipset using fwget(8) or
388	building it from ports.
389
39020250314:
391	We now use LLVM's binary utilities (nm, objcopy, etc.) by default.
392	The WITHOUT_LLVM_BINUTILS src.conf(5) knob can be used to revert to
393	ELF Tool Chain tools if desired.
394
39520250303:
396	Commit 4a77657cbc01 changed the ABI between ipfw(8) and ipfw(4).
397	Please note that the old ipfw(8) binary will not work with the new
398	ipfw(4) module. Therefore, it is recommended to disable ipfw during
399	the upgrade, otherwise the host system may become inaccessible because
400	ipfw rules cannot be installed with the old binary.
401
40220250214:
403	Commit 4517fbfd4251 modified the internal API between the
404	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both of these modules
405	need to be rebuilt from sources.
406
40720250201:
408	The NFS related daemons, that provide RPC services to the kernel:
409	gssd(8), rpcbind(8), rpc.tlsservd(8) and rpc.tlsclntd(8), now use a
410	different transport - netlink(4) socket instead of unix(4).  Users of
411	NFS need to upgrade both kernel and world (binaries and libc) at once.
412	Also, any revision between 88cd1e17a7d8 and 99e5a70046da should be
413	avoided.
414
41520250129:
416	Defer the January 19, 2038 date limit in UFS1 filesystems to
417	February 7, 2106. This affects only UFS1 format filesystems.
418	See commit message 1111a44301da for details.
419
42020250127:
421	The Allwinner a10_timer driver has been renamed to aw_driver. If you
422	have a custom kernel configuration including the line 'device
423	a10_timer', it must be adjusted to 'device aw_timer'. The same applies
424	for device exclusions with 'nodevice'.
425
42620250106:
427	A new SOC_ROCKCHIP options appeared, so if you have a custom kernel configuration
428	targeting Rockchip SoC you need to add it so shared and mandatory drivers for
429	this SoC family will be selected.
430	Also a new rk8xx device was added, this select the base driver for Rockchip PMIC.
431
43220241223:
433	The layout of NFS file handles for the tarfs, tmpfs, cd9660, and ext2fs
434	file systems has changed.  An NFS server that exports any of these file
435	systems will need its clients to unmount and remount the exports.
436
43720241216:
438	The iwm(4) firmwares are no longer compiled as kernel modules but instead
439	shipped as raw files. For pkgbase users if you use iwm(4) you will need
440	to install the FreeBSD-firmware-iwm package.
441
44220241124:
443	The OpenBSD derived bc and dc implementations and the WITHOUT_GH_BC
444	option that allowed building them instead of the advanced version
445	imported more than 4 years ago have been removed.
446
44720241107:
448	The ng_ubt(4) driver now requires firmwares to be loaded on Realtek
449	adaptors with rtlbtfw(8) utility. It no longer attaches to devices
450	standing in bootloader mode. Firmware files are available in the
451	comms/rtlbt-firmware port.
452
45320241025:
454	The support for the rc_fast_and_loose variable has been removed from
455	rc.subr(8). Users setting rc_fast_and_loose on their systems are
456	advised to make sure their customizations to rc service scripts
457	do not depend on having a single shell environment shared across
458	all the rc service scripts during booting and shutdown.
459
46020241013:
461	The ciss driver was updated to cope better with hotplug events that
462	caused it to panic before, and to support more than 48 drives attached
463	to the card. These changes were made w/o benefit of hardware for testing
464	and ciss(4) users should be on the lookout for regressions.
465
46620240729:
467	The build now defaults to WITHOUT_CLEAN - i.e., no automatic clean
468	is performed at the beginning of buildworld or buildkernel.  The
469	WITH_CLEAN src.conf(5) knob can be used to restore the previous
470	behaviour.
471
472	If you encounter incremental build issues, please report them to the
473	freebsd-current mailing list so that a special-case dependency can be
474	added, if necessary.
475
47620240715:
477	We now lean more heavily on ACPI enumeration for some traditional
478	devices. uart has moved from isa to acpi so the hints act as wiring
479	instead of device enumeration. Hints for parallel port, floppy, etc
480	have been removed.  Before upgrading, grep your dmesg for lines like:
481		uart1: non-PNP ISA device will be removed from GENERIC in FreeBSD 15.
482	to see if you need to start including hints for the device on isa
483	in your loader.conf or device.hints file. APU1 (but not APU2) boards
484	are known to be affected, but there may be others.
485
48620240712:
487	Support for armv6 has been disconnected and is being removed.
488
48920240617:
490	ifconfig now treats IPv4 addresses without a width or mask as an error.
491	Specify the desired mask or width along with the IP address on the
492	ifconfig command line and in rc.conf.
493
49420240428:
495	OpenBSM auditing runtime (auditd, etc.) has been moved into the new
496	package FreeBSD-audit.  If you use OpenBSM auditing and pkgbase, you
497	should install FreeBSD-audit.
498
49920240424:
500	cron, lpr, and ntpd have been moved from FreeBSD-utilities into their
501	own packages.  If you use pkgbase, you should install the relevant
502	packages: FreeBSD-cron, FreeBSD-lp, or FreeBSD-ntp.
503
50420240406:
505	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
506	been upgraded to 18.1.6. It is important that you run `make delete-old`
507	as described in the COMMON ITEMS section, otherwise several libc++
508	headers that are obsolete and need to be removed can cause compilation
509	errors in C++ programs.
510
51120240205:
512	For dynamically linked programs, system calls are now made from
513	libsys rather than libc.  No change in linkage is required as
514	libsys is an auxiliary filter for libc.  People building custom
515	images must ensure that libsys.so.7 is included.
516
51720240202:
518	Loader now also read configuration files listed in local_loader_conf_files.
519	Files listed here are the last ones read. And /boot/loader.conf.local was
520	moved from loader_conf_files to local_loader_conf_files leaving only
521	loader.conf and device.hints in loader_conf_files by default.
522
523	The following sequencing is applied:
524
525	1. Bootstrap:
526	    /boot/defaults/loader.conf
527
528	2. Read loader_conf_files files:
529	    /boot/device.hints
530	    /boot/loader.conf
531
532	3. Read loader_conf_dirs files:
533	    /boot/loader.conf.d/*.conf
534
535	4. And finally, rread local_loader_conf_files files:
536	    /boot/loader.conf.local
537
53820240201:
539	sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged.  This version enforces
540	stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line
541	endings.  This may cause issues with receiving messages from
542	non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in
543	contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations.
544
54520240111:
546	Commit cc760de2183f changed the internal interface between
547	the nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both need to be
548	rebuilt from sources.  Therefore, __FreeBSD_version was
549	bumped to 1500010.
550
55120231120:
552	If you have an arm64 system that uses ACPI, you will need to update your
553	loader.efi in the ESP when you update past this point.  Detection of ACPI
554	was moved earlier in the binary so the scripts could use it, but old
555	binaries don't have this, so we default to 'no ACPI' in this case. You can
556	undisable ACPI by doing
557		OK unset hint.acpi.0.disabled
558	This can also be used to recover any other system that was updated in the
559	small window where amd64 was also broken.
560
56120231113:
562	The WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD option has been removed.  When LLD is enabled
563	it is always installed as /usr/bin/ld.
564
56520231027:
566	Forward compatibility (running the new code on old kernels) for the
567	"ino64" project have been removed. The need for it has passed long ago.
568
56920231018:
570	Commit 57ce37f9dcd0 changed the internal KAPI between the
571	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  Both must be rebuilt from sources.
572
57320231010:
574	dialog(1) has been replaced in base by bsddialog(1), while most of the
575	time replacing a dialog(1) call by a bsddialog(1) call works out of the
576	box, bsddialog(1) is not considered as a drop-in replacement for
577	dialog(1).
578
579	If you do depend on dialog(1) functionality, please install cdialog
580	from ports:
581
582	pkg install cdialog
583
58420230927:
585	The EARLY_AP_STARTUP kernel option is mandatory on x86.  The option
586	has been added to DEFAULTS, so it should automatically be included in
587	custom kernel configurations without any additional change.
588
58920230922:
590	A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default
591	behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required
592	recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP.
593
59420230914:
595	Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by
596	default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf.
597
59820230911:
599	Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang
600	internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems
601	installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow
602	for these file moves:
603
604		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities
605		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev
606		pkg upgrade -y
607
60820230909:
609	Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which
610	belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module
611	loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are
612	corresponding kernel environment variables.
613
61420230901:
615	The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have
616	been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively.
617
61820230824:
619	FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT.
620
62120230817:
622	Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has
623	been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry
624	practice and typical firmware serial console redirection
625	configuration.
626
627	Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not
628	support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may
629	set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot
630	components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start
631	with the serial port at 115200.
632
63320230807:
634	Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus-
635	frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is
636	integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's
637	no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or
638	"device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration.
639
64020230803:
641	MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config.
642	Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt.
643
64420230724:
645	CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
646	to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
647	BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
648	for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
649	the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
650
65120230713:
652	stable/14 branch created.
653
65420230629:
655	The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
656	atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
657	change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
658	file a PR and assign it to imp.
659
66020230623:
661	OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
662	the base system.  It is important to rebuild third-party software
663	after upgrading.
664
66520230619:
666	To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
667	filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
668	locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
669	delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
670
671		sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
672		service pf restart
673
674	When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
675	filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
676
67720230613:
678	Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
679	follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
680	authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
681	quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
682	already properly quoted or escaped.
683
68420230612:
685	Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
686	nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
687	nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
688	in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
689	config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
690	kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf.  The default has been nda on
691	all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
692	please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
693
694	Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
695	migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
696
69720230422:
698	Remove portsnap(8).  Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
699	using git instead.
700
70120230420:
702	Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
703	eg.
704		make buildworld-jobs
705	runs
706		make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
707
708	where JOB_MAX is derived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
709
71020230316:
711	Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
712	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
713	IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
714	"device imx6_ipu" to it.
715	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
716	TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
717	If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
718	exist anymore.
719
72020230221:
721	Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
722	for details.
723
72420230206:
725	sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
726	Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
727	`X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
728
72920230204:
730	Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
731	to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
732
73320230130:
734	As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
735	to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
736	to compile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
737
73820230126:
739	The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
740	system are now built unconditionally.
741
74220230113:
743	LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
744	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
745
74620221212:
747	llvm-objdump is now always installed as objdump.  Previously there was
748	no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
749
750	Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
751	GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
752	objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
753
75420221205:
755	dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta.  For people willing
756	to re-enable sendmail(8):
757
758	$ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
759
760	and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
761
76220221204:
763	hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
764	default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
765	the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
766	the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
767	needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
768	the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
769
770	NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
771
77220221122:
773	pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
774	These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
775	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
776
77720221121:
778	The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed.  When Clang is enabled
779	it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
780
78120221026:
782	Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
783	for pkgbase users to do:
784
785	pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
786	  FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
787
788	after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
789	installed.
790
79120221002:
792	OPIE has been removed from the base system.  If needed, it can
793	be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie).
794	Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference
795	pam_opie or pam_opieaccess.
796
79720220610:
798	LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
799	before re-compiling to avoid errors.
800
80120211230:
802	The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
803	have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
804	Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
805	be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
806	reflect this change.
807
80820211214:
809	A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
810	themselves.  A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
811
81220211209:
813	Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
814	mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
815	the coming days and weeks.
816
817	This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
818	or touch
819		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
820		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
821		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
822		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
823	before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
824
82520211202:
826	Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
827	by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
828	statement in unbound.conf:
829		local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
830
831	Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
832
833	The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
834	Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
835	using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
836	to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
837	belongs.  Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
838	such names when roaming to different homenets.
839
84020211110:
841	Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
842	that any of the included congestion control modules could be
843	the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
844	was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
845	this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
846	control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
847	default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
848	The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
849	as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
850	kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
851	fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
852
85320211118:
854	Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
855	tree shortly.
856
85720211106:
858	Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
859	The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
860	of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
861	may need to be modified.
862
86320211022:
864	The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
865	The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
866	support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
867
86820211020:
869	sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user.  To force root to use
870	the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
871
872	# chsh -s csh
873
87420211004:
875	Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
876	with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
877	to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
878	this change.
879
88020210923:
881	As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
882	ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
883	users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
884	list of modules to load on their systems.
885
88620210922:
887	As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
888	new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
889	information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
890	audio/freebsd-13-mixer
891
89220210911:
893	As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
894	been deleted from the nfscommon.ko.  As such, nfsd.ko must be built
895	from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
896	being loaded.
897
89820210817:
899	As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
900	by default.  Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
901	option.  This can be enabled globally by using a custom
902	OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
903	application-specific configuration option for applications
904	which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
905
90620210811:
907	Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
908	modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
909
91020210730:
911	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
912	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
913	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
914	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
915
91620210729:
917	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
918	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
919	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
920
92120210716:
922	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
923	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
924	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
925
92620210715:
927	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
928	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
929	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
930	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
931	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
932	to update your sources past the above hash and do
933		% cd usr.bin/awk
934		% make clean all
935		% sudo -E make install
936	to enable building kernels again.
937
93820210708:
939	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
940	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
941	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
942
94320210707:
944	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
945	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
946
94720210624:
948	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
949	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
950	for NFSv4 mounts.
951	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
952
95320210618:
954	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
955	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
956	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
957	additions and others.
958
95920210618:
960	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
961	renamed to "untrusted".
962
96320210611:
964	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
965	please install the svn package or port.
966
96720210611:
968	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
969	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
970	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
971
97220210610:
973	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
974
97520210608:
976	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
977	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
978https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
979	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
980	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
981	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
982	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
983
98420210525:
985	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
986	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
987	committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
988	detect this.
989
99020210513:
991	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
992	libraries and utilities are packaged.
993	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
994	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
995	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
996	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
997	on the system.
998
99920210426:
1000	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
1001	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
1002	need to be rebuilt from sources.
1003	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
1004	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
1005	is not recommended.
1006
100720210411:
1008	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
1009	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
1010	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
1011	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
1012	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
1013	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
1014
101520210330:
1016	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
1017	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
1018	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
1019	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
1020
102120210225:
1022	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
1023	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
1024	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
1025
102620210128:
1027	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
1028	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
1029	update.
1030
103120210121:
1032	stable/13 branch created.
1033
103420210108:
1035	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
1036	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
1037	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
1038	since it was bumped so recently.
1039
104020210107:
1041	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
1042	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
1043	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
1044	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
1045
104620210105:
1047	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
1048	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
1049	requires a clean build.
1050
105120201223:
1052	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
1053	instructions can be found at
1054	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
1055	and other documents in that repo.
1056
105720201216:
1058	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
1059	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
1060	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
1061	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
1062
106320201215:
1064	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
1065	may be installed from ports or packages.
1066
106720201124:
1068	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
1069	See ping(8) for details.
1070
107120201108:
1072	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
1073	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
1074	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
1075
107620201030:
1077	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
1078	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
1079	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
1080	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
1081	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
1082
108320201026:
1084	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
1085	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
1086	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
1087	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
1088	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
1089	find.
1090
109120200923:
1092	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
1093	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
1094	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
1095	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
1096
1097	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
1098	command you want to un-auger the tree is
1099		cd sys/amd64/conf
1100		svn revert -R .
1101	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
1102	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
1103
110420200824:
1105	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
1106	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
1107	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
1108	unless you  want to use new features.
1109
1110	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
1111	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
1112	rebuilding world may fail.
1113
1114	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
1115	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
1116
1117	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
1118	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
1119	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
1120	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
1121
112220200824:
1123	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
1124	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
1125	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
1126	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
1127
112820200821:
1129	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
1130	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
1131	sources.
1132
113320200817:
1134	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
1135	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
1136
113720200816:
1138	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1139	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1140	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1141	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1142
114320200810:
1144	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
1145	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
1146	from sources, so a version bump was done.
1147
114820200807:
1149	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
1150	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
1151	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
1152	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
1153
115420200729:
1155	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
1156	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
1157	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
1158	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
1159	continue to function.
1160
1161	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
1162	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
1163	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
1164	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
1165
116620200627:
1167	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
1168	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
1169	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
1170	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
1171	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
1172	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
1173	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
1174
117520200625:
1176	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
1177	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
1178
117920200613:
1180	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
1181	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
1182	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
1183
118420200604:
1185	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
1186	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
1187	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
1188	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
1189
1190	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
1191	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
1192	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
1193	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
1194	/root/.shrc.
1195
119620200523:
1197	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1198	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1199	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1200	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1201
120220200512:
1203	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
1204	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
1205
120620200424:
1207	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
1208	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
1209	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
1210	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
1211	be functional without closefrom(2).
1212
121320200414:
1214	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
1215	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
1216	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
1217	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
1218	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
1219	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
1220
122120200310:
1222	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1223	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1224	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1225	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1226
122720200309:
1228	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
1229	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
1230	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
1231
123220200301:
1233	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
1234
123520200229:
1236	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
1237	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
1238	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
1239
124020200229:
1241	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
1242	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
1243
124420200229:
1245	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
1246	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
1247	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
1248	ports or packages.
1249
125020200220:
1251	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
1252	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
1253	ncurses.
1254
125520200217:
1256	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
1257	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
1258	together with their new kernel.
1259
126020200212:
1261	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
1262	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
1263	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
1264
1265	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
1266	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
1267
126820200108:
1269	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
1270	linker for riscv64.
1271
127220200107:
1273	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
1274	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
1275	external toolchain package.
1276
127720200104:
1278	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
1279	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
1280	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
1281	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
1282	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
1283
128420200102:
1285	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
1286	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
1287	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
1288	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
1289
129020191226:
1291	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
1292	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
1293	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
1294	ABI.
1295
129620191226:
1297	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
1298
129920191222:
1300	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1301	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1302	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1303	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1304
130520191212:
1306	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
1307	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
1308	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
1309
131020191205:
1311	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
1312	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
1313	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
1314	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
1315	differences between those included in the port and those included in
1316	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
1317	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
1318	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
1319
132020191120:
1321	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
1322	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
1323	for automounting.
1324
132520191107:
1326	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
1327	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
1328	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
1329	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
1330	add superio to the set.
1331
133220191021:
1333	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
1334	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
1335
133620191021:
1337	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
1338	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
1339	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
1340	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
1341	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
1342	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
1343	completely in the future.
1344
134520191009:
1346	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
1347	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
1348	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
1349	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
1350	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
1351	will be removed from the list.
1352
135320191009:
1354	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1355	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1356	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1357	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1358
135920191003:
1360	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
1361	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
1362	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
1363	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
1364
136520190913:
1366	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
1367	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
1368	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
1369	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
1370
137120190823:
1372	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
1373	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
1374	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
1375
137620190727:
1377	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
1378	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
1379	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
1380	your scripts, because they had no effect.
1381
1382	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
1383	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
1384	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
1385	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
1386	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
1387
138820190713:
1389	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
1390	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
1391	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
1392	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
1393	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
1394	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
1395	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
1396
139720190620:
1398	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
1399	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
1400	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
1401	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
1402
140320190612:
1404	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1405	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1406	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1407	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1408
140920190608:
1410	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
1411	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
1412	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
1413
141420190513:
1415	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
1416	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
1417	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
1418	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
1419	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
1420	avoid running into the limit.
1421
142220190507:
1423	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
1424	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
1425
142620190507:
1427	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
1428	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
1429	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
1430	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
1431	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
1432	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
1433
143420190418:
1435	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
1436	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
1437	entropy:
1438
1439	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
1440	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
1441	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
1442	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
1443	availability properties.
1444
1445	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1446	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
1447	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
1448	initial condition, if desired.
1449
1450	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1451	Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
1452
1453	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
1454	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
1455	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
1456	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
1457
145820190416:
1459	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
1460	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
1461	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
1462	therefore unblocked).
1463
146420190404:
1465	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
1466	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
1467	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
1468	is added to the command line.
1469	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
1470	not affected and should continue to work.
1471
147220190320:
1473	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
1474	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
1475	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
1476	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
1477
147820190304:
1479	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1480	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1481	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1482	or higher.
1483
148420190226:
1485	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
1486	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
1487	kernel config.
1488
148920190219:
1490	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
1491	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
1492	migrating to the drm ports.
1493
149420190131:
1495	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
1496	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
1497	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
1498	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
1499	is loaded automatically.
1500
150120190125:
1502	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
1503	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
1504	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
1505	kernel config files.
1506
150720181230:
1508	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
1509	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
1510	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
1511	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
1512
151320181220:
1514	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
1515	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
1516	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
1517	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
1518	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
1519	most NFSv4 mounts.
1520
152120181219:
1522	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
1523	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
1524	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
1525
1526	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
1527	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
1528
1529	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
1530	removed from the mips port.
1531
153220181211:
1533	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1534	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1535	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1536	or higher.
1537
153820181211:
1539	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
1540	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
1541
154220181126:
1543	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
1544	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
1545	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
1546	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
1547
154820181123:
1549	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
1550	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
1551	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
1552
155320181115:
1554	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
1555	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
1556	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
1557	FreeBSD versions.
1558
155920181110:
1560	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
1561	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
1562	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
1563
1564	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
1565	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
1566	being included using the command:
1567		$ newsyslog -Nrv
1568
156920181019:
1570	Stable/12 was branched created.
1571
157220181015:
1573	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
1574	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
1575	drm-legacy-kmod.
1576
1577	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
1578	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
1579	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
1580	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
1581	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
1582	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
1583	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
1584	that as you will get better support.
1585
1586	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
1587	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
1588	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
1589	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
1590
1591	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
1592	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
1593	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
1594	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
1595	shortly.
1596
159720181012:
1598	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
1599	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
1600	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
1601	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
1602	be adjusted as necessary.
1603
160420181009:
1605	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
1606	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
1607	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
1608	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
1609
161020181006:
1611	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
1612	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
1613	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
1614	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
1615	encouraged.
1616
161720181002:
1618	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
1619	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
1620	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
1621	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
1622	nda device name.
1623
162420180913:
1625	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
1626	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
1627	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
1628	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1629	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1630	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1631
163220180826:
1633	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1634	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1635	default since FreeBSD-11.
1636
163720180822:
1638	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1639	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
1640	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1641
164220180818:
1643	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1644	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1645	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1646	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1647	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
1648	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1649	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1650
1651	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1652	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1653
165420180815:
1655	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1656	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1657	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1658	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1659	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1660	may not be observed in a future release.
1661
166220180808:
1663	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
1664	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1665	your environment.
1666
166720180731:
1668	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1669	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1670	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1671	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1672
167320180730:
1674	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1675	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1676	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1677	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1678	runtime services.
1679
168020180727:
1681	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1682	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1683	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1684
168520180723:
1686	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1687	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1688	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1689	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1690	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1691
169220180720:
1693	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1694	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1695	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1696	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1697	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1698	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1699
170020180719:
1701	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1702	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1703	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1704	boot_serial=YES
1705	boot_multicons=YES
1706	in /boot/loader.conf
1707	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1708	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1709	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1710
171120180719:
1712	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
1713	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1714	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1715	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1716	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1717	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1718	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1719	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1720	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1721	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1722	by the ntpd user.
1723
172420180717:
1725	Big endian arm support has been removed.
1726
172720180711:
1728	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1729	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
1730	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1731	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1732	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1733
173420180705:
1735	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1736	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1737	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
1738	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
1739	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1740	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1741
174220180702:
1743	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1744	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1745
174620180701:
1747	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1748	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1749	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1750	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1751	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1752	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1753	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1754
175520180630:
1756	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1757	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1758	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1759	or higher.
1760
176120180628:
1762	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1763	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1764	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1765	file.
1766
176720180612:
1768	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1769	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1770
177120180530:
1772	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1773	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1774	longer necessary.
1775
177620180530:
1777	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1778	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1779	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1780	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1781
178220180523:
1783	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1784	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1785	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1786	later than r334108.
1787
178820180517:
1789	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
1790	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1791	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1792	it must be removed.
1793
179420180510:
1795	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1796	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1797	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1798	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1799	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1800	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1801	will go away.
1802
1803	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1804	workaround is necessary.
1805
180620180508:
1807	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1808	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
1809	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
1810	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1811
181220180504:
1813	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
1814	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1815	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1816	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1817	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1818
181920180502:
1820	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
1821	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1822	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
1823	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1824
182520180501:
1826	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
1827	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1828	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1829	be removed.
1830
183120180413:
1832	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
1833	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1834	removed.
1835
183620180411:
1837	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
1838	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1839	removed.
1840
184120180406:
1842	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1843	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1844	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1845	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1846	microseconds and time zone offsets.
1847
1848	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1849	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1850	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1851	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1852	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1853	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1854	adjustments, depending on the software used.
1855
1856	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1857	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1858
1859		source src {
1860			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1861		}
1862
1863	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1864	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1865	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1866
1867		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1868
1869	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1870	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1871	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1872	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1873	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1874	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1875	thus expected to continue to function as before.
1876
1877	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1878	change.
1879
188020180328:
1881	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1882	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1883	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1884
188520180323:
1886	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1887	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1888	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1889	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1890	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1891	should be as simple as:
1892
1893		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1894		$ make depend all install
1895
189620180212:
1897	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1898	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1899	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1900	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1901	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1902	provisions for backup boot methods.
1903
190420180211:
1905	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1906	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1907	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1908	imp@freebsd.org.
1909
191020180114:
1911	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1912	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1913	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1914	or higher.
1915
191620180110:
1917	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1918	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1919	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1920
1921	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1922	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1923
192420180110:
1925	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1926	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1927	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1928	remove it from kernel config files.
1929
193020180104:
1931	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1932	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1933	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1934
1935	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1936	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1937
193820180102:
1939	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1940	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1941	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1942	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1943
194420171215:
1945	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1946	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1947
194820171214:
1949	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1950	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1951	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1952	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1953
195420171125:
1955	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1956	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1957	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1958	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1959	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1960	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1961
196220171110:
1963	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1964	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1965	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1966
196720171106:
1968	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1969	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
1970	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
1971	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1972	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1973
197420171102:
1975	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1976	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1977	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1978	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1979	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1980	environment.
1981
198220171101:
1983	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1984	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1985	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
1986	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1987	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1988	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1989	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1990	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1991	than hardcoding paths.
1992
199320171028:
1994	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1995	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1996	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1997
199820171021:
1999	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
2000	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
2001	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
2002	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
2003
200420171010:
2005	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
2006	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
2007
200820171005:
2009	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
2010	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
2011	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
2012	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
2013
201420171003:
2015	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
2016	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
2017	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
2018	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
2019	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
2020
202120170912:
2022	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
2023	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
2024	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
2025	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
2026	/etc/ctl.conf .
2027
202820170912:
2029	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
2030	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
2031	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
2032	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
2033	soft-float everything else should be affected.
2034
203520170826:
2036	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
2037	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
2038
203920170825:
2040	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
2041	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
2042	to complete.
2043
204420170814:
2045	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
2046	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
2047	${TESTSDIR}.
2048
2049	Behavioral changes:
2050	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
2051	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
2052	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
2053	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
2054
2055	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
2056	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
2057	sandbox if successful.
2058
2059	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
2060	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
2061	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
2062	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
2063	an unprivileged user.
2064
206520170808:
2066	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
2067	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
2068	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
2069	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
2070	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
2071	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
2072	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
2073	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
2074	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
2075	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
2076	to which you should answer yes.
2077
207820170728:
2079	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
2080	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
2081	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
2082	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
2083	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
2084
208520170722:
2086	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
2087	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2088	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2089
209020170701:
2091	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
2092	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
2093
209420170625:
2095	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
2096	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
2097	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
2098	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
2099	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
2100	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
2101	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
2102
210320170623:
2104	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
2105	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
2106	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
2107	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
2108	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
2109	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
2110
211120170620:
2112	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
2113	if you require the GPL compiler.
2114
211520170619:
2116	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
2117	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
2118	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
2119	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
2120	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
2121	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
2122
212320170618:
2124	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
2125	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
2126	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
2127
212820170617:
2129	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
2130	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
2131	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
2132	followed.
2133
213420170531:
2135	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
2136	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
2137	from ports (and recommends to install it).
2138	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
2139	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
2140	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
2141
214220170524:
2143	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
2144	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
2145	which only require one chipset support.
2146
2147	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
2148
2149	if_ath_load="YES"
2150
2151	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
2152	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
2153	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
2154
2155	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
2156	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
2157
2158	* load ath_hal
2159	* load the chip modules in question
2160	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
2161	* load ath_main
2162	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
2163	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
2164
2165	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
2166
216720170523:
2168	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
2169	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
2170	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
2171
2172	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
2173	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
2174	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
2175
2176	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
2177	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
2178	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
2179	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
2180	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
2181	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
2182	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
2183	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
2184
218520170424:
2186	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
2187	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
2188	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
2189
219020170420:
2191	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
2192	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
2193	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
2194
219520170413:
2196	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
2197	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
2198	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
2199	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
2200	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
2201	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
2202	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
2203
220420170407:
2205	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
2206	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
2207	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
2208	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
2209
221020170405:
2211	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
2212	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
2213	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
2214
221520170331:
2216	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
2217	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
2218	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
2219
222020170329:
2221	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
2222	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
2223
2224	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
2225	via one of the following methods:
2226	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
2227	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
2228	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
2229	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
2230
2231	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
2232
223320170316:
2234	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
2235	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
2236	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
2237	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
2238	with mmc.ko).
2239
224020170315:
2241	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
2242	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
2243	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
2244	be prefixed with colon.
2245
224620170311:
2247	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
2248	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
2249	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
2250
225120170302:
2252	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
2253	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2254	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2255
225620170221:
2257	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
2258	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
2259	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
2260	change.
2261
226220170216:
2263	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
2264	valid.
2265
226620170215:
2267	MCA bus support has been removed.
2268
226920170127:
2270	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
2271	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
2272
227320170112:
2274	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
2275	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
2276
227720170109:
2278	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
2279	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
2280	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
2281	configuration.
2282
228320161217:
2284	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
2285	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2286	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2287
228820161124:
2289	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
2290	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2291	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2292
229320161119:
2294	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
2295	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
2296	that link against it need to be recompiled.
2297
229820161030:
2299	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
2300	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
2301	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
2302	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
2303
230420161017:
2305	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
2306	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
2307	parts.
2308	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
2309	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
2310
231120161015:
2312	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
2313	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
2314	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
2315	removed from base.
2316
231720161008:
2318	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
2319	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
2320	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
2321
232220161003:
2323	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
2324	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
2325
232620160924:
2327	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
2328	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
2329	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
2330	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
2331
233220160918:
2333	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
2334	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
2335	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
2336	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
2337	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
2338
233920160918:
2340	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
2341
234220160908:
2343	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
2344	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
2345	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
2346	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
2347
234820160824:
2349	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
2350	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
2351	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
2352	to 1200005.
2353
235420160818:
2355	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
2356	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
2357	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
2358	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
2359	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
2360	0.
2361
236220160818:
2363	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
2364	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
2365
236620160708:
2367	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
2368
2369After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
2370from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
2371entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
2372UPDATING file.
2373
2374COMMON ITEMS:
2375
2376	General Notes
2377	-------------
2378	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2379	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
2380	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
2381	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2382	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2383	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2384	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2385	report a bug if it happens consistently.
2386
2387	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2388	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2389	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2390	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
2391	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
2392	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2393	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2394	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2395	an exception.
2396
2397	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2398	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2399	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2400	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2401	step.
2402
2403	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2404	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2405	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2406	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2407
2408	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2409	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2410	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2411	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2412	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2413	should write them with this in mind.
2414
2415	ZFS notes
2416	---------
2417	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
2418	always follow these three steps:
2419
2420	1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2421	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2422
2423	2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
2424	doing a zpool upgrade):
2425
2426	When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
2427	block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2428		gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
2429	The value $N will typically be 1.  For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
2430
2431	3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
2432	pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
2433	zpool upgrade.
2434
2435	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2436
2437	EFI notes
2438	---------
2439
2440	There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
2441	current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
2442	efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
2443	deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
2444	fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
2445	/boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
2446	ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
2447	the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
2448
2449	Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
2450	may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
2451	location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
2452	mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
2453
2454	The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
2455	however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
2456	root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
2457	since it does not automatically understand some new features.
2458
2459	See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
2460
2461	To build a kernel
2462	-----------------
2463	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2464	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
2465	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2466
2467	make kernel-toolchain
2468	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2469	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2470
2471	If you are running kernel modules from ports, see FOOTNOTE [1].
2472
2473	To test a kernel once
2474	---------------------
2475	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2476	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2477	debugging information) run
2478	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2479	nextboot -k testkernel
2480
2481	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2482	-----------------------------------------------------------
2483	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2484	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2485
2486	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>		[2]
2487	make buildworld
2488	<make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set>	[1]
2489	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2490	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2491	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2492	etcupdate -p					[5]
2493	make installworld
2494	etcupdate -B					[4]
2495	make delete-old					[6]
2496	<reboot>
2497
2498	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2499	--------------------------------------------------
2500	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2501	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2502	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2503	# size.
2504
2505	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2506	<boot into -stable>
2507	make buildworld
2508	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[1]
2509	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2510	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2511	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2512	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2513	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2514	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2515	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2516	<reboot into current>
2517	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2518	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2519	<reboot>
2520
2521
2522	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2523	----------------------------------------------
2524	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>		[2]
2525	make buildworld					[9]
2526	<make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set>	[1]
2527	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2528	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2529	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2530	etcupdate -p					[5]
2531	make installworld
2532	etcupdate -B					[4]
2533	make delete-old					[6]
2534	<reboot>
2535
2536	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2537	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2538	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2539	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2540	the UPDATING entries.
2541
2542	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2543	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2544	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2545	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2546	much fewer pitfalls.
2547
2548FOOTNOTES:
2549
2550	[1] If you have third party modules, such as drm-kmod or vmware, you
2551	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2552	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2553	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
2554	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2555	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2556	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2557	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2558	and effective, eg:
2559	     PORTS_MODULES+=graphics/drm-kmod graphics/nvidia-drm-kmod
2560
2561	[2] To make complete dumps on zfs(4), use bectl(8), which
2562	creates bootable snapshots of configurable depth that are
2563	selectable via the bootloader. For ufs(4), use dump(8) and
2564	restore(8).
2565
2566	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2567		fsck -p
2568		mount -u /
2569		mount -a
2570		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2571		cd src			# full path to source
2572		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2573	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2574	into single user mode to do the installworld.
2575
2576	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2577	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2578	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2579	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2580	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2581	for potential gotchas.  See etcupdate(8) for more information.
2582
2583	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2584	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2585	step.
2586
2587	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2588	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2589	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2590
2591	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2592	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2593	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2594	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2595	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2596	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2597	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2598	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2599
2600	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2601	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2602	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2603	for these as well.
2604
2605	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2606	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2607	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2608
2609	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2610	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2611	warn if it is improperly defined.
2612FORMAT:
2613
2614This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2615breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2616list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2617If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2618to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2619
2620Copyright information:
2621
2622Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2623
2624Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2625modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2626document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2627
2628THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2629IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2630WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2631DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2632INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2633(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2634SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2635HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2636STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2637IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2638POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2639
2640Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2641this document.
2642