xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision f3c5273d315a64826d2149ac453ff8c4583ddbe8)
1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
13
14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
18
19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW:
20	FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
21	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
22	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
23	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
24	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
25	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
26	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
27	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
28	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
29	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
30	debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
31	disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
32	"ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
33
3420190131:
35	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
36	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
37	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
38	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
39	is loaded automatically.
40
4120181230:
42	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
43	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
44	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
45	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
46
4720181220:
48	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
49	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
50	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
51	from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
52	NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
53	most NFSv4 mounts.
54
5520181219:
56	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
57	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
58	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
59
60	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
61	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
62
63	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
64	removed from the mips port.
65
6620181211:
67	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
68	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
69	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
70	or higher.
71
7220181211:
73	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
74	the time with these deamons has been obsolete for over a decade.
75
7620181126:
77	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
78	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
79	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
80	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
81
8220181123:
83	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
84	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
85	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
86
8720181115:
88	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
89	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
90	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
91	FreeBSD versions.
92
9320181110:
94	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
95	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
96	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
97
98	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
99	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
100	being included using the command:
101		$ newsyslog -Nrv
102
10320181015:
104	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
105	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
106	drm-legacy-kmod.
107
108	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
109	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
110	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
111	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
112	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
113	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
114	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
115	that as you will get better support.
116
117	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
118	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
119	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
120	and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
121
122	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
123	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
124	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
125	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
126	shortly.
127
12820181012:
129	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
130	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
131	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
132	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
133	be adjusted as necessary.
134
13520181009:
136	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
137	additional various API changes througout the base system.  It is
138	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
139	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
140
14120181006:
142	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
143	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
144	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
145	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
146	encouraged.
147
14820181002:
149	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
150	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
151	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
152	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
153	nda device name.
154
15520180913:
156	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
157	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
158	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
159	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
160	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
161	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
162
16320180826:
164	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
165	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
166	default since FreeBSD-11.
167
16820180822:
169	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
170	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
171	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
172
17320180818:
174	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
175	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
176	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
177	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
178	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
179	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
180	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
181
182	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
183	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
184
18520180815:
186	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
187	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
188	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
189	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
190	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
191	may not be observed in a future release.
192
19320180808:
194	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
195	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
196	your environment.
197
19820180731:
199	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
200	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
201	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
202	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
203
20420180730:
205	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
206	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
207	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
208	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
209	runtime services.
210
21120180727:
212	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
213	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
214	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
215
21620180723:
217	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
218	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
219	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
220	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
221	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
222
22320180720:
224	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
225	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
226	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
227	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
228	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
229	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
230
23120180719:
232	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
233	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
234	setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add :
235	boot_serial=YES
236	boot_multicons=YES
237	in /boot/loader.conf
238	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
239	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
240	u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
241
24220180719:
243	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
244	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
245	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
246	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
247	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
248	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
249	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
250	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
251	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
252	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
253	by the ntpd user.
254
25520180717:
256	Big endian arm support has been removed.
257
25820180711:
259	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
260	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
261	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
262	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
263	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
264
26520180705:
266	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
267	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
268	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
269	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
270	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
271	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
272
27320180702:
274	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
275	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
276
27720180701:
278	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
279	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
280	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
281	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
282	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
283	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
284	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
285
28620180630:
287	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
288	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
289	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
290	or higher.
291
29220180628:
293	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
294	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
295	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
296
29720180612:
298	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
299	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
300
30120180530:
302	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
303	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
304	longer necessary.
305
30620180530:
307	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
308	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
309	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
310	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
311
31220180523:
313	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
314	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
315	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
316	later than r334108.
317
31820180517:
319	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
320	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
321	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
322	it must be removed.
323
32420180510:
325	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
326	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
327	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
328	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
329	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
330	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
331	will go away.
332
333	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
334	workaround is necessary.
335
33620180508:
337	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
338	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was aquired by Exar and
339	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
340	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
341
34220180504:
343	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
344	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
345	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
346	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
347	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
348
34920180502:
350	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
351	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
352	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
353	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
354
35520180501:
356	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
357	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
358	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
359	be removed.
360
36120180413:
362	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
363	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
364	removed.
365
36620180411:
367	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
368	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
369	removed.
370
37120180406:
372	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
373	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
374	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
375	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
376	microseconds and time zone offsets.
377
378	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
379	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
380	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
381	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
382	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
383	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
384	adjustments, depending on the software used.
385
386	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
387	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
388
389		source src {
390			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
391		}
392
393	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
394	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
395	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
396
397		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
398
399	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
400	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
401	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
402	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
403	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
404	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
405	thus expected to continue to function as before.
406
407	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
408	change.
409
41020180328:
411	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
412	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
413	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
414
41520180323:
416	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
417	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
418	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
419	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
420	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
421	should be as simple as:
422
423		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
424		$ make depend all install
425
42620180212:
427	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
428	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
429	Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
430	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
431	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
432	provisions for backup boot methods.
433
43420180211:
435	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
436	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
437	be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
438
43920180114:
440	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
441	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
442	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
443	or higher.
444
44520180110:
446	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
447	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
448	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
449
450	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
451        WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
452
45320180110:
454	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
455	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
456	needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
457	from kernel config files.
458
45920180104:
460	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
461	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
462	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
463
464	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
465	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
466
46720180102:
468	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
469	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
470	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
471	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
472
47320171215:
474	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
475	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
476
47720171214:
478	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
479	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
480	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
481	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
482
48320171125:
484	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
485	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
486	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
487	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
488	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
489	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
490
49120171110:
492	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
493	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
494	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
495
49620171106:
497	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
498	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
499	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
500	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
501	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
502
50320171102:
504	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
505	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
506	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
507	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
508	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
509	environment.
510
51120171101:
512	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
513	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
514	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
515	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
516	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
517	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
518	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
519	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
520	than hardcoding paths.
521
52220171028:
523	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
524	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
525	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
526
52720171021:
528	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
529	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
530	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
531	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
532
53320171010:
534	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
535	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
536
53720171005:
538	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
539	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
540	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
541	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
542
54320171003:
544	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
545	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
546	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
547	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
548	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
549
55020170912:
551	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
552	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
553	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
554	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
555	/etc/ctl.conf .
556
55720170912:
558	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
559	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
560	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
561	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
562	soft-float everything else should be affected.
563
56420170826:
565	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
566	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
567
56820170825:
569	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
570	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
571	to complete.
572
57320170814:
574	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
575	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
576	${TESTSDIR}.
577
578	Behavioral changes:
579	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
580	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
581	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
582	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
583
584	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
585	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
586	sandbox if successful.
587
588	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
589	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
590	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
591	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
592	an unprivileged user.
593
59420170808:
595	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
596	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
597	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
598	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
599	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
600	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
601	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
602	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
603	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
604	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
605	to which you should answer yes.
606
60720170728:
608	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
609	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
610	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
611	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
612	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
613
61420170722:
615	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
616	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
617	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
618
61920170701:
620	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
621	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
622
62320170625:
624	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
625	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
626	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
627	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
628	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
629	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
630	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
631
63220170623:
633	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
634	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
635	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
636	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
637	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
638	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
639
64020170620:
641	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
642	if you require the GPL compiler.
643
64420170618:
645	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
646	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
647	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
648
64920170617:
650	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
651	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
652	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
653	followed.
654
65520170531:
656	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
657	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
658	from ports (and recommends to install it).
659	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
660	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
661	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
662
66320170524:
664	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
665	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
666	which only require one chipset support.
667
668	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
669
670	if_ath_load="YES"
671
672	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
673	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
674	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
675
676	If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
677	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
678
679	* load ath_hal
680	* load the chip modules in question
681	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
682	* load ath_main
683	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
684	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
685
686	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
687
68820170523:
689	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
690	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
691	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
692
693	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
694	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
695	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
696
697	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
698	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".   Then, carefully follow the
699	full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
700	everything and install it on the current system."  Specifically,
701	a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
702	installing world.
703
70420170424:
705	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
706	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
707	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
708
70920170420:
710	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
711	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
712	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
713
71420170413:
715	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
716	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
717	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
718	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
719	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
720	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
721	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
722
72320170407:
724	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
725	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
726	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
727	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
728
72920170405:
730	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
731	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
732	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
733
73420170331:
735	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
736	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
737	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
738
73920170329:
740	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
741	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
742
743	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
744	via one of the following methods:
745	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
746	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
747	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
748	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
749
750	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
751
75220170316:
753	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
754	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
755	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
756	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
757	with mmc.ko).
758
75920170315:
760	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
761	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
762	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
763	be prefixed with colon.
764
76520170311:
766	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
767	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
768	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
769
77020170302:
771	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
772	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
773	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
774
77520170221:
776	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
777	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
778	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
779	change.
780
78120170216:
782	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
783	valid.
784
78520170215:
786	MCA bus support has been removed.
787
78820170127:
789	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
790	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
791
79220170112:
793	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
794	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
795
79620170109:
797	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
798	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
799	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
800
80120161217:
802	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
803	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
804	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
805
80620161124:
807	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
808	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
809	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
810
81120161119:
812	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
813	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
814	that link against it need to be recompiled.
815
81620161030:
817	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
818	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
819	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
820	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
821
82220161017:
823	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
824	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
825	parts.
826	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
827	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
828
82920161015:
830	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
831	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
832	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
833	removed from base.
834
83520161008:
836	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
837	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
838	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
839
84020161003:
841	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
842	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
843
84420160924:
845	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
846	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
847	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
848	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
849
85020160918:
851	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
852	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
853	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
854	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
855	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
856
85720160918:
858	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
859
86020160908:
861	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
862	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
863	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
864	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
865
86620160824:
867	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
868	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
869	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
870	to 1200005.
871
87220160818:
873	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
874	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
875	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
876	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
877	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
878	0.
879
88020160818:
881	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
882	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
883
88420160708:
885	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
886
88720160622:
888	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
889	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
890	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
891	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
892	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
893	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
894	kernel.
895
89620160527:
897	CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
898	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
899	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
900	previously contained a line like
901	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
902	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
903	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
904	generally be fine.
905
90620160523:
907	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
908	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
909	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
910	built with the old headers.
911
91220160520:
913	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
914	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
915	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
916	installing a new libc.
917
91820160517:
919	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
920	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
921	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
922	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
923	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
924	packages will be needed.
925
926	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
927	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
928	and the install steps.
929
93020160510:
931	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
932	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
933	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
934	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
935	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
936	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
937
93820160414:
939	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
940	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
941	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
942	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
943	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
944
945		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
946		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
947		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
948		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
949		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
950
951	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
952	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
953	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
954	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
955	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
956	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
957	vendors work.
958
959	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
960	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
961		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
962	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
963	quirks entry to 0x3.
964
96520160330:
966	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
967	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
968	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
969
97020160317:
971	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
972	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
973
97420160311:
975	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
976	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
977	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
978	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
979	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
980	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
981	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
982	stale .depend files.
983
98420160306:
985	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
986	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
987	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
988	rebooting, e.g.:
989
990	make buildworld
991	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
992	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
993	make -C sys/boot install
994	<reboot in single user>
995
996	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
997	below.
998
99920160305:
1000	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
1001	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1002	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1003
100420160301:
1005	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
1006	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1007	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1008	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
1009	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1010	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1011
101220160226:
1013	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1014	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1015	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1016	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1017	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1018
101920160129:
1020	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
1021	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1022	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1023	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
1024	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1025
102620160119:
1027	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
1028	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1029
103020160113:
1031	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1032	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1033	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1034
103520151216:
1036	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1037	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1038	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1039	other loaders.
1040
104120151211:
1042	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1043	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1044	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1045	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1046	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1047	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1048
104920151207:
1050	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1051	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1052	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1053	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1054	in src.conf(5).
1055
105620151130:
1057	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1058	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1059	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1060
106120151108:
1062	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1063	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1064	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1065
1066	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1067	collation results will be different.
1068
1069	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1070	locales before running make installworld.
1071
1072	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1073
107420151030:
1075	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
1076	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1077
107820151020:
1079	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1080	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1081	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1082
108320151017:
1084	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1085	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1086	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
1087	and 'make -N' will not.
1088
108920151012:
1090	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1091	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1092	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
1093	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1094	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1095	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1096	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
1097	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1098
109920151011:
1100	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1101	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1102	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1103	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1104
110520151006:
1106	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1107	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1108	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1109
111020150924:
1111	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1112	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1113	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1114	userland debug files.
1115
1116	When using the supported kernel installation method the
1117	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1118	as is done with /boot/kernel.
1119
1120	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1121	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1122
112320150827:
1124	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1125	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1126	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1127	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1128	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1129	rc.d scripts in /etc.
1130
113120150827:
1132	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1133	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1134	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1135
113620150817:
1137	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1138	them, the kernel must have
1139
1140	device	random
1141	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
1142
1143	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1144	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1145	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1146	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1147
1148	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1149	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1150
115120150813:
1152	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1153	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1154	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1155
115620150810:
1157	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1158	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
1159	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1160	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1161
1162	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1163	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1164	difference with this change.
1165
1166	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1167	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1168	remove that workaround.
1169
117020150809:
1171	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1172	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1173	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1174	with:
1175
1176	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
1177
117820150806:
1179	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1180	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1181	loader.rc.local instead.
1182
118320150805:
1184	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1185	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1186	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1187
118820150728:
1189	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1190	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1191	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1192
1193	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1194	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1195
119620150706:
1197	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1198	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1199	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
1200	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
1201	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1202	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
1203	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1204	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1205	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
1206	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
1207	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1208	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1209
121020150630:
1211	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1212	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1213
1214	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1215	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1216	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1217
1218	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1219	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
1220
1221	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
1222	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1223	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1224
1225	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1226	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1227	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1228	and it is assumed you know what you need.
1229
1230	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1231	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1232	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1233	behaviour from your security subsystems.
1234
1235	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1236	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1237	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1238	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1239	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1240	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1241	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1242	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1243	will never happen.
1244
124520150623:
1246	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1247	entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1248
124920150616:
1250	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1251	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1252
125320150615:
1254	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1255	below has been committed in revision 284436.  The work
1256	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1257	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1258	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1259
126020150614:
1261	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1262	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1263	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1264	with Kyuafile and kyua.
1265
126620150614:
1267	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1268	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1269	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
1270	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1271	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
1272	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1273	2048 bit DH parameter by:
1274
1275	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1276	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1277	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1278	   replace it with '2'.
1279	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1280	   a file path, create a new file with:
1281		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1282	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1283		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1284	5. Restart sendmail:
1285		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1286
1287	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1288	updated.
1289
129020150604:
1291	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1292	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1293	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1294	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1295	5.x.
1296
1297	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1298
129920150525:
1300	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
1301	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1302	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1303
130420150521:
1305	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1306	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1307	and Pandaboard:
1308
1309	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1310	  same but content is different now
1311	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1312	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1313	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1314	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1315	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1316
131720150501:
1318	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1319	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1320	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1321
132220150423:
1323	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1324	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1325
132620150415:
1327	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1328	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1329
133020150416:
1331	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1332	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
1333	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1334
133520150324:
1336	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1337	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1338	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1339	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1340
134120150315:
1342	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
1343	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1344	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1345
134620150307:
1347	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1348	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1349	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1350	kernel before rebooting.
1351
135220150217:
1353	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1354	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
1355	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1356	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1357	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1358	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1359
136020150210:
1361	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1362	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1363	with the new kernel.
1364
136520150131:
1366	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1367	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1368	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1369
137020150118:
1371	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
1372	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
1373	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1374	are not already using 3.5.0.
1375
137620150107:
1377	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1378	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1379	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1380	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1381	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1382
138320150105:
1384	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1385	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
1386	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1387	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1388
138920150102:
1390	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1391	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1392
139320141231:
1394	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1395
1396	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1397	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
1398	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1399	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1400	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1401	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1402	later.
1403
1404	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1405	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1406	of the box.
1407
1408	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1409	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1410	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
1411	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1412
1413	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1414	the instructions for 9.x above.
1415
1416	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1417	default, and do not build clang.
1418
1419	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1420	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
1421	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1422
1423	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1424	the following are most likely to appear:
1425
1426	-Wabsolute-value
1427
1428	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1429	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1430	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1431	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
1432	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1433	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1434	  cast, or disable the warning.
1435
1436	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1437	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1438	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1439	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1440	  side-effects.
1441
1442	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1443	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
1444
1445	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1446	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
1447	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1448	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1449
1450	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
1451	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1452	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1453	unreachable could be optimized away.
1454
145520141222:
1456	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1457	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1458	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1459	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1460	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1461	the utilities will report errors.
1462
146320141121:
1464	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1465	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1466	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
1467	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1468	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1469	LOCAL_DIRS.
1470
147120141109:
1472	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1473	has been obsolete for a very long time.
1474
147520141104:
1476	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1477	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1478	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1479	drivers.
1480
1481	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1482	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1483	indicate what you need to do.
1484
1485	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1486	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1487	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1488
1489	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1490	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1491	  kern.vty=sc
1492
149320141102:
1494	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1495	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1496	execute it.
1497
149820141009:
1499	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1500	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1501	devel/gperf port.
1502
150320140923:
1504	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1505	contrib/pjdfstest .
1506
150720140922:
1508	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1509	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1510	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1511	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
1512	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1513	their next update cycle.
1514
151520140729:
1516	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1517	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1518	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1519	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1520	1.12.4_8 or newer.
1521
152220140723:
1523	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1524	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1525
152620140719:
1527	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1528	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1529	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
1530	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1531	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1532	new configuration.
1533
153420140709:
1535	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1536	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1537	them again.
1538	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1539
154020140708:
1541	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1542	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1543	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
1544	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1545	requires readline.
1546
154720140702:
1548	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1549	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1550	architecture.
1551
155220140701:
1553	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1554	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
1555	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1556	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1557	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1558
155920140629:
1560	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1561	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1562	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1563
156420140619:
1565	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1566	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1567	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1568
156920140606:
1570	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1571	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
1572	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1573	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
1574	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1575	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1576	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1577	"make installworld".
1578
1579	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1580	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1581	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1582	is run.
1583
1584	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1585	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1586	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1587	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1588	be removed during a clean upgrade.
1589
159020140512:
1591	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1592
159320140508:
1594	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1595	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1596	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
1597
159820140505:
1599	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1600	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1601	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1602	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1603	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1604	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1605	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1606	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1607	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1608	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1609	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1610	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1611
1612	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1613	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1614	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1615	as well.
1616
161720140430:
1618	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1619	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1620
162120140424:
1622	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1623	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1624	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1625	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1626	build hosts for older releases.
1627
1628	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1629	r276991, respectively.
1630
163120140418:
1632	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1633	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1634	will silently lack HESIOD.
1635
163620140405:
1637	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1638	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1639	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1640	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1641	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1642	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1643	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1644	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1645	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1646	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1647	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1648	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
1649
165020140306:
1651	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1652	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1653	with command line option -W.
1654
165520140226:
1656	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1657	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1658	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1659	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1660	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1661
166220140216:
1663	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1664
166520140216:
1666	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
1667	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1668
166920140212:
1670	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1671	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1672	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
1673	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1674	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1675
167620140204:
1677	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1678	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
1679	kernel is still highly recommended.
1680
168120140131:
1682	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1683	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
1684	capability mode support in kernel.
1685
168620140128:
1687	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1688	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1689	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1690	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1691	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1692
169320140110:
1694	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1695	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1696	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1697	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1698	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1699	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1700
170120131213:
1702	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1703	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1704	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1705	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1706	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1707	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1708	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1709	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1710	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1711
171220131108:
1713	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1714	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
1715	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1716	should change your settings to use the latter.
1717
171820131025:
1719	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1720	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
1721	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
1722	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
1723	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1724
172520131014:
1726	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1727	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1728	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1729	delete-old-libs":
1730	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1731	  or
1732	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1733
173420131010:
1735	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1736	revision r256279.
1737
1738COMMON ITEMS:
1739
1740	General Notes
1741	-------------
1742	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  While generally safe, there are
1743	sometimes problems using -j to upgrade.  If your upgrade fails with
1744	-j, please try again without -j.  From time to time in the past there
1745	have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld.  This
1746	is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1747	that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1748	several months have passed on the -current branch).
1749
1750	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1751	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1752	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1753	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1754	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1755
1756	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1757	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1758	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1759	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1760	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1761	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1762	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1763	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1764	an exception.
1765
1766	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1767	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1768	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1769	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1770
1771	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1772	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1773	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1774	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1775	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1776	should write them with this in mind.
1777
1778	ZFS notes
1779	---------
1780	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1781	these two steps:
1782
1783	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1784	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1785
1786	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1787
1788	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1789	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1790	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1791
1792	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1793
1794	To build a kernel
1795	-----------------
1796	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1797	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1798	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1799
1800	make kernel-toolchain
1801	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1802	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1803
1804	To test a kernel once
1805	---------------------
1806	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1807	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1808	debugging information) run
1809	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1810	nextboot -k testkernel
1811
1812	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1813	-----------------------------------------------------------
1814	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1815	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1816
1817	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1818	make buildworld
1819	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1820	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1821							[1]
1822	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1823	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1824	make installworld
1825	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1826	make delete-old					[6]
1827	<reboot>
1828
1829	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1830	--------------------------------------------------
1831	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1832	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1833	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1834	# size.
1835
1836	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1837	<boot into -stable>
1838	make buildworld
1839	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1840	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1841	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1842	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1843	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1844	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1845	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1846	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1847	<reboot into current>
1848	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1849	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1850	<reboot>
1851
1852
1853	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1854	----------------------------------------------
1855	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1856	make buildworld					[9]
1857	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
1858	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1859							[1]
1860	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1861	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1862	make installworld
1863	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1864	make delete-old					[6]
1865	<reboot>
1866
1867	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1868	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1869	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1870	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1871	the UPDATING entries.
1872
1873	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1874	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
1875	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1876	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1877	much fewer pitfalls.
1878
1879	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1880	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1881	system on reboot.
1882
1883	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1884		fsck -p
1885		mount -u /
1886		mount -a
1887		cd src
1888		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
1889	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1890	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1891
1892	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
1893	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1894	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1895	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1896	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1897	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
1898	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1899
1900	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
1901	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1902	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
1903	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1904	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1905	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
1906
1907	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1908	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1909	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1910
1911	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
1912	an installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new
1913	kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
1914	option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
1915	binaries).  Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1916	hard to boot to recover.  A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
1917	compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
1918
1919	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1920	last time you updated your kernel config file.
1921
1922	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1923	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1924	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1925
1926	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1927	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
1928	warn if it is improperly defined.
1929FORMAT:
1930
1931This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1932breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1933list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1934If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1935to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1936
1937Copyright information:
1938
1939Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh.
1940
1941Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1942modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1943document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1944
1945THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1946IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1947WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1948DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1949INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1950(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1951SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1952HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1953STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1954IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1955POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1956
1957Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
1958this document.
1959
1960$FreeBSD$
1961