1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/updating-src.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process 17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 12.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 12.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 34 35****************************** SPECIAL WARNING: ****************************** 36 37 Due to a bug in some versions of clang that's very hard to workaround in 38 the upgrade process, to upgrade to -current you must first upgrade 39 either stable/9 after r286035 or stable/10 after r286033 (including 40 10.3-RELEASE) or current after r286007 (including stable/11 and 41 11.0-RELEASE). These revisions post-date the 10.2 and 9.3 releases, so 42 you'll need to take the unusual step of upgrading to the tip of the 43 stable branch before moving to 11 or -current via a source upgrade. 44 stable/11 and 11.0-RELEASE have working newer compiler. This differs 45 from the historical situation where one could upgrade from anywhere on 46 the last couple of stable branches, so be careful. 47 48 If you're running a hybrid system on 9.x or 10.x with an updated clang 49 compiler or are using an supported external toolchain, the build system 50 will allow the upgrade. Otherwise it will print a reminder. 51 52****************************** SPECIAL WARNING: ****************************** 53 5420170701: 55 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need them to be 56 built with the base system. 57 5820170625: 59 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 60 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 61 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 62 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 63 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 64 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 65 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 66 6720170623: 68 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 69 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 70 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 71 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 72 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 73 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 74 7520170620: 76 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 77 if you require the GPL compiler. 78 7920170618: 80 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 81 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 82 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 83 8420170617: 85 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 86 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 87 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 88 followed. 89 9020170531: 91 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 92 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 93 from ports (and recommends to install it). 94 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 95 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 96 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 97 9820170524: 99 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 100 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 101 which only require one chipset support. 102 103 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 104 105 if_ath_load="YES" 106 107 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 108 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 109 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 110 111 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS 112 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 113 114 * load ath_hal 115 * load the chip modules in question 116 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 117 * load ath_main 118 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 119 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 120 121 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 122 12320170523: 124 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 125 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 126 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 127 128 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 129 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 130 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 131 132 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 133 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the 134 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild 135 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically, 136 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before 137 installing world. 138 13920170424: 140 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 141 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 142 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 143 14420170420: 145 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 146 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 147 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 148 14920170413: 150 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 151 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 152 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 153 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 154 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 155 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 156 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 157 15820170407: 159 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 160 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 161 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 162 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 163 16420170405: 165 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 166 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 167 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 168 16920170331: 170 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 171 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 172 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 173 17420170329: 175 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 176 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 177 178 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 179 via one of the following methods: 180 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 181 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 182 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 183 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 184 185 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 186 18720170316: 188 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 189 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 190 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 191 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 192 with mmc.ko). 193 19420170315: 195 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 196 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 197 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 198 be prefixed with colon. 199 20020170311: 201 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 202 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 203 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 204 20520170302: 206 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 207 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 208 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 209 21020170221: 211 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 212 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 213 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 214 change. 215 21620170216: 217 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 218 valid. 219 22020170215: 221 MCA bus support has been removed. 222 22320170127: 224 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 225 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 226 22720170112: 228 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 229 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 230 23120170109: 232 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 233 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 234 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration. 235 23620161217: 237 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 238 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 239 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 240 24120161124: 242 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 243 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 244 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 245 24620161119: 247 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 248 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 249 that link against it need to be recompiled. 250 25120161030: 252 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 253 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 254 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 255 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 256 25720161017: 258 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 259 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 260 parts. 261 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 262 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 263 26420161015: 265 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 266 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 267 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 268 removed from base. 269 27020161008: 271 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 272 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 273 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 274 27520161003: 276 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 277 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 278 27920160924: 280 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 281 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 282 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 283 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 284 28520160918: 286 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 287 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 288 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 289 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 290 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 291 29220160918: 293 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 294 29520160908: 296 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 297 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 298 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 299 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 300 30120160824: 302 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 303 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 304 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 305 to 1200005. 306 30720160818: 308 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 309 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 310 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 311 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 312 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 313 0. 314 31520160818: 316 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 317 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 318 31920160622: 320 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 321 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 322 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 323 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 324 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 325 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 326 kernel. 327 32820160527: 329 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 330 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 331 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 332 previously contained a line like 333 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 334 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 335 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 336 generally be fine. 337 33820160523: 339 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 340 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 341 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 342 built with the old headers. 343 34420160520: 345 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 346 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 347 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 348 installing a new libc. 349 35020160517: 351 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 352 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 353 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 354 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 355 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 356 packages will be needed. 357 358 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 359 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 360 and the install steps. 361 36220160510: 363 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 364 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 365 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 366 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 367 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 368 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 369 37020160414: 371 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 372 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 373 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 374 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 375 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 376 377 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 378 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 379 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 380 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 381 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 382 383 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 384 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 385 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 386 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 387 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 388 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 389 vendors work. 390 391 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 392 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 393 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 394 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 395 quirks entry to 0x3. 396 39720160330: 398 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 399 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 400 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 401 40220160317: 403 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 404 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 405 40620160311: 407 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 408 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 409 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 410 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 411 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 412 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 413 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 414 stale .depend files. 415 41620160306: 417 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 418 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 419 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 420 rebooting, e.g.: 421 422 make buildworld 423 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 424 make -C sys/boot install 425 <reboot in single user> 426 427 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 428 below. 429 43020160305: 431 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 432 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 433 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 434 43520160301: 436 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 437 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 438 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 439 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 440 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 441 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 442 44320160226: 444 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 445 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 446 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 447 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 448 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 449 45020160129: 451 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 452 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 453 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 454 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 455 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 456 45720160119: 458 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 459 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 460 46120160113: 462 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 463 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 464 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 465 46620151216: 467 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 468 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 469 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 470 other loaders. 471 47220151211: 473 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 474 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 475 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 476 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 477 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 478 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 479 48020151207: 481 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 482 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 483 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 484 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 485 in src.conf(5). 486 48720151130: 488 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 489 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 490 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 491 49220151108: 493 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 494 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 495 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 496 497 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 498 collation results will be different. 499 500 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 501 locales before running make installworld. 502 503 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 504 50520151030: 506 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 507 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 508 50920151020: 510 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 511 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 512 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 513 51420151017: 515 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 516 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 517 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 518 and 'make -N' will not. 519 52020151012: 521 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 522 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 523 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 524 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 525 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 526 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 527 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 528 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 529 53020151011: 531 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 532 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 533 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 534 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 535 53620151006: 537 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 538 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 539 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 540 54120150924: 542 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 543 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 544 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 545 userland debug files. 546 547 When using the supported kernel installation method the 548 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 549 as is done with /boot/kernel. 550 551 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 552 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 553 55420150827: 555 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 556 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 557 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 558 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 559 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 560 rc.d scripts in /etc. 561 56220150827: 563 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 564 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 565 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 566 56720150817: 568 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 569 them, the kernel must have 570 571 device random 572 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 573 574 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 575 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 576 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 577 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 578 579 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 580 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 581 58220150813: 583 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 584 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 585 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 586 58720150810: 588 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 589 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 590 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 591 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 592 593 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 594 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 595 difference with this change. 596 597 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 598 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 599 remove that workaround. 600 60120150809: 602 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 603 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 604 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 605 with: 606 607 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 608 60920150806: 610 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 611 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 612 loader.rc.local instead. 613 61420150805: 615 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 616 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 617 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 618 61920150728: 620 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 621 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 622 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 623 624 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 625 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 626 62720150706: 628 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 629 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 630 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 631 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 632 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 633 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 634 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 635 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 636 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 637 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 638 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 639 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 640 64120150630: 642 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 643 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 644 645 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 646 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 647 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 648 649 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 650 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 651 652 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 653 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 654 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 655 656 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 657 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 658 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 659 and it is assumed you know what you need. 660 661 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 662 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 663 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 664 behaviour from your security subsystems. 665 666 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 667 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 668 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 669 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 670 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 671 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 672 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 673 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 674 will never happen. 675 67620150623: 677 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 678 entry below has been been committed in revision 284717. 679 68020150616: 681 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 682 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 683 68420150615: 685 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 686 below has been been committed in revision 284436. The work 687 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 688 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 689 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 690 69120150614: 692 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 693 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 694 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 695 with Kyuafile and kyua. 696 69720150614: 698 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 699 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 700 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 701 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 702 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 703 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 704 2048 bit DH parameter by: 705 706 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 707 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 708 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 709 replace it with '2'. 710 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 711 a file path, create a new file with: 712 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 713 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 714 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 715 5. Restart sendmail: 716 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 717 718 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 719 updated. 720 72120150604: 722 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 723 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 724 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 725 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 726 5.x. 727 728 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 729 73020150525: 731 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 732 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 733 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 734 73520150521: 736 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 737 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 738 and Pandaboard: 739 740 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 741 same but content is different now 742 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 743 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 744 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 745 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 746 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 747 74820150501: 749 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 750 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 751 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 752 75320150423: 754 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 755 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 756 75720150415: 758 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 759 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 760 76120150416: 762 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 763 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 764 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 765 76620150324: 767 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 768 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 769 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 770 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 771 77220150315: 773 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 774 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 775 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 776 77720150307: 778 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 779 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 780 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 781 kernel before rebooting. 782 78320150217: 784 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 785 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 786 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 787 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 788 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 789 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 790 79120150210: 792 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 793 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 794 with the new kernel. 795 79620150131: 797 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 798 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 799 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 800 80120150118: 802 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 803 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 804 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 805 are not already using 3.5.0. 806 80720150107: 808 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 809 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 810 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 811 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 812 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 813 81420150105: 815 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 816 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 817 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 818 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 819 82020150102: 821 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 822 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 823 82420141231: 825 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 826 827 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 828 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 829 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 830 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 831 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 832 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 833 later. 834 835 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 836 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 837 of the box. 838 839 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 840 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 841 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 842 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 843 844 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 845 the instructions for 9.x above. 846 847 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 848 default, and do not build clang. 849 850 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 851 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 852 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 853 854 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 855 the following are most likely to appear: 856 857 -Wabsolute-value 858 859 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 860 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 861 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 862 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 863 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 864 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 865 cast, or disable the warning. 866 867 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 868 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 869 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 870 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 871 side-effects. 872 873 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 874 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 875 876 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 877 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 878 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 879 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 880 881 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 882 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 883 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 884 unreachable could be optimized away. 885 88620141222: 887 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 888 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 889 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 890 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 891 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 892 the utilities will report errors. 893 89420141121: 895 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 896 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 897 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 898 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 899 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 900 LOCAL_DIRS. 901 90220141109: 903 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 904 has been obsolete for a very long time. 905 90620141104: 907 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 908 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 909 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 910 drivers. 911 912 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 913 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 914 indicate what you need to do. 915 916 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 917 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 918 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 919 920 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 921 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 922 kern.vty=sc 923 92420141102: 925 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 926 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 927 execute it. 928 92920141009: 930 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 931 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 932 devel/gperf port. 933 93420140923: 935 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 936 contrib/pjdfstest . 937 93820140922: 939 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 940 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 941 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 942 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 943 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 944 their next update cycle. 945 94620140729: 947 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 948 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 949 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 950 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 951 1.12.4_8 or newer. 952 95320140723: 954 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 955 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 956 95720140719: 958 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 959 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 960 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 961 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 962 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 963 new configuration. 964 96520140709: 966 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 967 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 968 them again. 969 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 970 97120140708: 972 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 973 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 974 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 975 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 976 requires readline. 977 97820140702: 979 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 980 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 981 architecture. 982 98320140701: 984 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 985 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 986 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 987 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 988 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 989 99020140629: 991 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 992 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 993 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 994 99520140619: 996 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 997 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 998 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 999 100020140606: 1001 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 1002 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 1003 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 1004 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 1005 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 1006 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 1007 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 1008 "make installworld". 1009 1010 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 1011 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 1012 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 1013 is run. 1014 1015 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 1016 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 1017 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 1018 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 1019 be removed during a clean upgrade. 1020 102120140512: 1022 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 1023 102420140508: 1025 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 1026 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 1027 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 1028 102920140505: 1030 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 1031 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 1032 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 1033 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 1034 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 1035 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 1036 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 1037 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 1038 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 1039 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 1040 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 1041 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 1042 1043 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 1044 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 1045 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 1046 as well. 1047 104820140430: 1049 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 1050 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1051 105220140424: 1053 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 1054 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 1055 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 1056 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 1057 build hosts for older releases. 1058 1059 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 1060 r276991, respectively. 1061 106220140418: 1063 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 1064 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 1065 will silently lack HESIOD. 1066 106720140405: 1068 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 1069 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 1070 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 1071 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 1072 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 1073 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 1074 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 1075 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 1076 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 1077 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 1078 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 1079 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 1080 108120140306: 1082 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 1083 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 1084 with command line option -W. 1085 108620140226: 1087 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 1088 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 1089 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 1090 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 1091 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 1092 109320140216: 1094 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 1095 109620140216: 1097 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 1098 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 1099 110020140212: 1101 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 1102 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 1103 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 1104 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 1105 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 1106 110720140204: 1108 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 1109 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 1110 kernel is still highly recommended. 1111 111220140131: 1113 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 1114 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 1115 capability mode support in kernel. 1116 111720140128: 1118 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 1119 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 1120 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 1121 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 1122 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 1123 112420140110: 1125 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 1126 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 1127 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 1128 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 1129 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 1130 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 1131 113220131213: 1133 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 1134 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 1135 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 1136 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 1137 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 1138 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 1139 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 1140 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 1141 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 1142 114320131108: 1144 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 1145 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 1146 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 1147 should change your settings to use the latter. 1148 114920131025: 1150 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 1151 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 1152 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 1153 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 1154 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 1155 115620131014: 1157 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 1158 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 1159 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 1160 delete-old-libs": 1161 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 1162 or 1163 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 1164 116520131010: 1166 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 1167 revision r256279. 1168 116920131010: 1170 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8) 1171 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables 1172 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to 1173 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked. 1174 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some 1175 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details. 1176 1177 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration 1178 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate 1179 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without 1180 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the 1181 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by 1182 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables. 1183 1184 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at 1185 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name 1186 with an integer. 1187 118820130930: 1189 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need 1190 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound 1191 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are 1192 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example. 1193 1194 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base 1195 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are 1196 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can 1197 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port. 1198 119920130916: 1200 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now 1201 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 1202 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1203 120420130911: 1205 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default 1206 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with 1207 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support 1208 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf. 1209 121020130906: 1211 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++) 1212 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system 1213 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX 1214 options in src.conf. 1215 121620130905: 1217 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel 1218 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work. 1219 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include 1220 'options PROCDESC'. 1221 122220130905: 1223 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified 1224 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs 1225 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the 1226 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is 1227 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl, 1228 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq. 1229 123020130903: 1231 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module 1232 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build 1233 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64. 1234 123520130821: 1236 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices. 1237 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be 1238 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG". 1239 124020130813: 1241 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 1242 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 1243 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 1244 compatibility. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 1245 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely 1246 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT. 1247 124820130806: 1249 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 1250 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 1251 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 1252 explicitly. 1253 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 1254 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 1255 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 1256 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 1257 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 1258 125920130806: 1260 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 1261 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 1262 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 1263 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 1264 to r253970 or later. 1265 126620130802: 1267 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 1268 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 1269 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 1270 would result: 1271 1272 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 1273 1274 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 1275 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 1276 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 1277 old as well as the new version of find. 1278 127920130726: 1280 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 1281 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 1282 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 1283 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 1284 subdirectories must be reviewed. 1285 128620130716: 1287 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 1288 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 1289 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 1290 1291 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 1292 1293 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 1294 users are advised to upgrade. 1295 129620130709: 1297 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 1298 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 1299 130020130709: 1301 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 1302 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 1303 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 1304 130520130618: 1306 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 1307 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 1308 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 1309 write access to that file. 1310 131120130615: 1312 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 1313 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 1314 131520130613: 1316 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 1317 1318 make: illegal option -- J 1319 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 1320 ... 1321 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 1322 1323 this likely due to an old instance of make in 1324 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 1325 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 1326 you see the above error: 1327 1328 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 1329 1330 should resolve it. 1331 133220130516: 1333 Use bmake by default. 1334 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 1335 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 1336 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 1337 1338 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 1339 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 1340 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 1341 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 1342 behavior in parallel build. 1343 134420130429: 1345 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 1346 134720130426: 1348 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 1349 the IDEA patent expired. 1350 135120130426: 1352 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 1353 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 1354 enabled by default. 1355 135620130425: 1357 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 1358 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 1359 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 1360 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 1361 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 1362 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 1363 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 1364 && make install). 1365 136620130404: 1367 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 1368 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 1369 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 1370 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 1371 and removed. 1372 137320130319: 1374 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 1375 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 1376 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 1377 binaries will not work on older kernels. 1378 137920130308: 1380 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 1381 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 1382 138320130304: 1384 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 1385 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 1386 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 1387 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 1388 is requested. 1389 1390 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 1391 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 1392 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 1393 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 1394 in /boot/loader.conf. 1395 139620130301: 1397 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 1398 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 1399 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 1400 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 1401 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 1402 140320130208: 1404 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 1405 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 1406 1407 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 1408 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 1409 141020130129: 1411 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 1412 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 1413 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 1414 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 1415 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 1416 141720130121: 1418 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 1419 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 1420 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 1421 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 1422 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 1423 /etc/src.conf. 1424 142520130118: 1426 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 1427 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 1428 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 1429 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 1430 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 1431 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 1432 use is expected to be extremely rare. 1433 143420121223: 1435 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 1436 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 1437 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 1438 143920121222: 1440 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 1441 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 1442 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 1443 be updated. 1444 144520121217: 1446 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 1447 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 1448 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 1449 1450 savecore_flags="" 1451 145220121201: 1453 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 1454 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 1455 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1456 145720121117: 1458 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 1459 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 1460 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 1461 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 1462 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 1463 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 1464 146520121105: 1466 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 1467 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 1468 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 1469 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 1470 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 1471 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 1472 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 1473 branch point). 1474 147520121102: 1476 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 1477 functionality now turned on by default. 1478 147920121023: 1480 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 1481 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 1482 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 1483 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 1484 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 1485 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 1486 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 1487 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 1488 of the two kernel options. 1489 149020121023: 1491 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 1492 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 1493 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 1494 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 1495 149620121022: 1497 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 1498 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 1499 recompiled. 1500 150120121018: 1502 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 1503 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 1504 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 1505 150620121016: 1507 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 1508 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 1509 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 1510 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 1511 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 1512 151320121015: 1514 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 1515 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 1516 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 1517 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 1518 151920121014: 1520 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 1521 152220121013: 1523 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 1524 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 1525 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 1526 knob has also gone. 1527 152820121006: 1529 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 1530 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 1531 with new kernel. 1532 153320121001: 1534 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 1535 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 1536 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 1537 153820120913: 1539 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 1540 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 1541 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if 1542 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 1543 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel 1544 configurations. 1545 154620120908: 1547 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 1548 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 1549 155020120828: 1551 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 1552 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 1553 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 1554 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 1555 manual page. 1556 155720120727: 1558 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 1559 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 1560 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 1561 156220120712: 1563 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 1564 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 1565 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 1566 156720120712: 1568 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 1569 with other variables: 1570 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 1571 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 1572 157320120628: 1574 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 1575 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 1576 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 1577 installed as "bsdsort". 1578 157920120611: 1580 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 1581 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 1582 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 1583 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 1584 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 1585 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 1586 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 1587 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 1588 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 1589 159020120417: 1591 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 1592 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 1593 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 1594 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 1595 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 1596 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 1597 NAMESPACE section). 1598 159920120328: 1600 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 1601 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 1602 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 1603 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 1604 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 1605 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 1606 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 1607 160820120306: 1609 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 1610 platforms. 1611 161220120229: 1613 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 1614 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 1615 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 1616 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 1617 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 1618 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 1619 162020120211: 1621 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 1622 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 1623 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 1624 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 1625 comes from 20111215. 1626 162720120114: 1628 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 1629 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 1630 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 1631 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 1632 1633 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 1634 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 1635 163620120109: 1637 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 1638 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 1639 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 1640 tunable/sysctl. 1641 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 1642 164320111215: 1644 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 1645 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 1646 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 1647 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 1648 not supported anymore. 1649 1650 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 1651 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 1652 need to be recompiled. 1653 165420111122: 1655 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 1656 /dev/wmistat0. 1657 165820111108: 1659 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 1660 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 1661 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 1662 time. 1663 166420111101: 1665 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 1666 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 1667 166820110930: 1669 sysinstall has been removed 1670 167120110923: 1672 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 1673 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 1674 1675COMMON ITEMS: 1676 1677 General Notes 1678 ------------- 1679 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1680 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1681 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1682 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1683 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1684 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1685 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1686 1687 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1688 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1689 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1690 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1691 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1692 1693 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1694 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1695 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1696 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1697 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1698 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgade from 1699 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1700 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1701 an exception. 1702 1703 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1704 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1705 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1706 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1707 1708 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1709 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1710 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1711 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1712 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1713 should write them with this in mind. 1714 1715 ZFS notes 1716 --------- 1717 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1718 these two steps: 1719 1720 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1721 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1722 1723 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1724 1725 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1726 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1727 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 1728 1729 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1730 1731 To build a kernel 1732 ----------------- 1733 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1734 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1735 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1736 1737 make kernel-toolchain 1738 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1739 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1740 1741 To test a kernel once 1742 --------------------- 1743 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1744 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1745 debugging information) run 1746 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1747 nextboot -k testkernel 1748 1749 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1750 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1751 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1752 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1753 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1754 1755 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1756 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1757 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1758 make depend 1759 make 1760 make install 1761 1762 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1763 1764 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1765 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1766 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1767 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1768 1769 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1770 make buildworld 1771 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1772 [1] 1773 <reboot in single user> [3] 1774 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1775 make installworld 1776 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1777 make delete-old [6] 1778 <reboot> 1779 1780 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1781 -------------------------------------------------- 1782 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1783 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1784 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1785 # size. 1786 1787 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1788 <boot into -stable> 1789 make buildworld 1790 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1791 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1792 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1793 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1794 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1795 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1796 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1797 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1798 <reboot into current> 1799 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1800 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1801 <reboot> 1802 1803 1804 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1805 ---------------------------------------------- 1806 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1807 make buildworld [9] 1808 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1809 [1] 1810 <reboot in single user> [3] 1811 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1812 make installworld 1813 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1814 make delete-old [6] 1815 <reboot> 1816 1817 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1818 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1819 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1820 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1821 the UPDATING entries. 1822 1823 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1824 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1825 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1826 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1827 much fewer pitfalls. 1828 1829 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1830 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1831 system on reboot. 1832 1833 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1834 fsck -p 1835 mount -u / 1836 mount -a 1837 cd src 1838 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1839 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1840 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1841 1842 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1843 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1844 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1845 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1846 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1847 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1848 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1849 1850 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1851 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1852 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1853 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1854 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1855 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1856 1857 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1858 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1859 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1860 1861 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1862 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1863 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1864 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1865 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1866 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1867 1868 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1869 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1870 1871 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1872 cvs prune empty directories. 1873 1874 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1875 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1876 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1877 1878 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1879 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1880 warn if it is improperly defined. 1881FORMAT: 1882 1883This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1884breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1885list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1886If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1887to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1888 1889Copyright information: 1890 1891Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1892 1893Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1894modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1895document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1896 1897THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1898IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1899WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1900DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1901INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1902(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1903SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1904HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1905STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1906IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1907POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1908 1909Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1910this document. 1911 1912$FreeBSD$ 1913