xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision ef36b3f75658d201edb495068db5e1be49593de5)
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/updating-src.html
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
13
14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
18
19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 12.x IS SLOW:
20	FreeBSD 12.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
21	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
22	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
23	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
24	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
25	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
26	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
27	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
28	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
29	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
30	debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
31	disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
32	"ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
33
34
35****************************** SPECIAL WARNING: ******************************
36
37	Due to a bug in some versions of clang that's very hard to workaround in
38	the upgrade process, to upgrade to -current you must first upgrade
39	either stable/9 after r286035 or stable/10 after r286033 (including
40	10.3-RELEASE) or current after r286007 (including stable/11 and
41	11.0-RELEASE). These revisions post-date the 10.2 and 9.3 releases, so
42	you'll need to take the unusual step of upgrading to the tip of the
43	stable branch before moving to 11 or -current via a source upgrade.
44	stable/11 and 11.0-RELEASE have working newer compiler. This differs
45	from the historical situation where one could upgrade from anywhere on
46	the last couple of stable branches, so be careful.
47
48	If you're running a hybrid system on 9.x or 10.x with an updated clang
49	compiler or are using an supported external toolchain, the build system
50	will allow the upgrade. Otherwise it will print a reminder.
51
52****************************** SPECIAL WARNING: ******************************
53
5420171021:
55	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
56	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
57	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
58	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
59
6020171010:
61	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
62	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
63
6420171005:
65	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
66	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
67	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
68	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
69
7020171003:
71	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
72	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
73	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
74	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
75	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
76
7720170912:
78	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
79	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
80	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
81	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
82	/etc/ctl.conf .
83
8420170912:
85	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
86	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
87	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
88	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
89	soft-float everything else should be affected.
90
9120170826:
92	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
93	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
94
9520170825:
96	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
97	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
98	to complete.
99
10020170814:
101	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
102	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
103	${TESTSDIR}.
104
105	Behavioral changes:
106	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
107	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
108	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
109	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
110
111	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
112	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
113	sandbox if successful.
114
115	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
116	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
117	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
118	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
119	an unprivileged user.
120
12120170808:
122	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
123	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
124	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
125	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
126	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
127	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
128	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
129	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
130	forground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
131	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
132	to which you should answer yes.
133
13420170728:
135	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
136	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
137	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
138	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
139	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
140
14120170722:
142	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
143	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
144	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
145
14620170701:
147	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
148	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
149
15020170625:
151	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
152	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
153	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
154	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
155	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
156	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
157	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
158
15920170623:
160	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
161	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
162	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
163	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
164	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
165	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
166
16720170620:
168	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
169	if you require the GPL compiler.
170
17120170618:
172	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
173	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
174	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
175
17620170617:
177	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
178	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
179	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
180	followed.
181
18220170531:
183	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
184	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
185	from ports (and recommends to install it).
186	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
187	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
188	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
189
19020170524:
191	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
192	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
193	which only require one chipset support.
194
195	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
196
197	if_ath_load="YES"
198
199	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
200	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
201	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
202
203	If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
204	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
205
206	* load ath_hal
207	* load the chip modules in question
208	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
209	* load ath_main
210	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
211	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
212
213	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
214
21520170523:
216	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
217	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
218	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
219
220	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
221	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
222	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
223
224	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
225	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".   Then, carefully follow the
226	full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
227	everything and install it on the current system."  Specifically,
228	a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
229	installing world.
230
23120170424:
232	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
233	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
234	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
235
23620170420:
237	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
238	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
239	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
240
24120170413:
242	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
243	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
244	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
245	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
246	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
247	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
248	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
249
25020170407:
251	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
252	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
253	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
254	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
255
25620170405:
257	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
258	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
259	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
260
26120170331:
262	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
263	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
264	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
265
26620170329:
267	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
268	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
269
270	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
271	via one of the following methods:
272	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
273	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
274	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
275	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
276
277	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
278
27920170316:
280	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
281	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
282	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
283	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
284	with mmc.ko).
285
28620170315:
287	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
288	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
289	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
290	be prefixed with colon.
291
29220170311:
293	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
294	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
295	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
296
29720170302:
298	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
299	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
300	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
301
30220170221:
303	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
304	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
305	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
306	change.
307
30820170216:
309	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
310	valid.
311
31220170215:
313	MCA bus support has been removed.
314
31520170127:
316	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
317	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
318
31920170112:
320	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
321	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
322
32320170109:
324	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
325	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
326	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
327
32820161217:
329	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
330	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
331	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
332
33320161124:
334	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
335	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
336	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
337
33820161119:
339	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
340	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
341	that link against it need to be recompiled.
342
34320161030:
344	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
345	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
346	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
347	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
348
34920161017:
350	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
351	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
352	parts.
353	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
354	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
355
35620161015:
357	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
358	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
359	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
360	removed from base.
361
36220161008:
363	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
364	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
365	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
366
36720161003:
368	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
369	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
370
37120160924:
372	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
373	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
374	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
375	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
376
37720160918:
378	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
379	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
380	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
381	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
382	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
383
38420160918:
385	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
386
38720160908:
388	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
389	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
390	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
391	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
392
39320160824:
394	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
395	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
396	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
397	to 1200005.
398
39920160818:
400	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
401	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
402	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
403	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
404	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
405	0.
406
40720160818:
408	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
409	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
410
41120160622:
412	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
413	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
414	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
415	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
416	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
417	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
418	kernel.
419
42020160527:
421	CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
422	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
423	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
424	previously contained a line like
425	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
426	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
427	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
428	generally be fine.
429
43020160523:
431	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
432	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
433	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
434	built with the old headers.
435
43620160520:
437	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
438	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
439	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
440	installing a new libc.
441
44220160517:
443	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
444	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
445	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
446	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
447	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
448	packages will be needed.
449
450	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
451	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
452	and the install steps.
453
45420160510:
455	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
456	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
457	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
458	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
459	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
460	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
461
46220160414:
463	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
464	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
465	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
466	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
467	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
468
469		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
470		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
471		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
472		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
473		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
474
475	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
476	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
477	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
478	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
479	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
480	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
481	vendors work.
482
483	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
484	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
485		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
486	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
487	quirks entry to 0x3.
488
48920160330:
490	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
491	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
492	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
493
49420160317:
495	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
496	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
497
49820160311:
499	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
500	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
501	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
502	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
503	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
504	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
505	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
506	stale .depend files.
507
50820160306:
509	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
510	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
511	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
512	rebooting, e.g.:
513
514	make buildworld
515	make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
516	make -C sys/boot install
517	<reboot in single user>
518
519	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
520	below.
521
52220160305:
523	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
524	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
525	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
526
52720160301:
528	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
529	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
530	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
531	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
532	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
533	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
534
53520160226:
536	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
537	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
538	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
539	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
540	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
541
54220160129:
543	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
544	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
545	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
546	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
547	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
548
54920160119:
550	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
551	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
552
55320160113:
554	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
555	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
556	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
557
55820151216:
559	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
560	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
561	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
562	other loaders.
563
56420151211:
565	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
566	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
567	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
568	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
569	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
570	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
571
57220151207:
573	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
574	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
575	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
576	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
577	in src.conf(5).
578
57920151130:
580	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
581	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
582	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
583
58420151108:
585	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
586	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
587	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
588
589	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
590	collation results will be different.
591
592	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
593	locales before running make installworld.
594
595	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
596
59720151030:
598	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
599	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
600
60120151020:
602	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
603	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
604	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
605
60620151017:
607	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
608	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
609	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
610	and 'make -N' will not.
611
61220151012:
613	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
614	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
615	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
616	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
617	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
618	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
619	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
620	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
621
62220151011:
623	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
624	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
625	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
626	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
627
62820151006:
629	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
630	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
631	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
632
63320150924:
634	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
635	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
636	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
637	userland debug files.
638
639	When using the supported kernel installation method the
640	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
641	as is done with /boot/kernel.
642
643	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
644	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
645
64620150827:
647	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
648	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
649	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
650	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
651	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
652	rc.d scripts in /etc.
653
65420150827:
655	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
656	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
657	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
658
65920150817:
660	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
661	them, the kernel must have
662
663	device	random
664	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
665
666	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
667	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
668	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
669	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
670
671	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
672	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
673
67420150813:
675	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
676	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
677	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
678
67920150810:
680	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
681	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
682	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
683	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
684
685	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
686	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
687	difference with this change.
688
689	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
690	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
691	remove that workaround.
692
69320150809:
694	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
695	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
696	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
697	with:
698
699	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
700
70120150806:
702	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
703	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
704	loader.rc.local instead.
705
70620150805:
707	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
708	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
709	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
710
71120150728:
712	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
713	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
714	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
715
716	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
717	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
718
71920150706:
720	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
721	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
722	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
723	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
724	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
725	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
726	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
727	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
728	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
729	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
730	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
731	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
732
73320150630:
734	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
735	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
736
737	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
738	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
739	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
740
741	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
742	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
743
744	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
745	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
746	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
747
748	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
749	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
750	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
751	and it is assumed you know what you need.
752
753	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
754	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
755	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
756	behaviour from your security subsystems.
757
758	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
759	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
760	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
761	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
762	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
763	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
764	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
765	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
766	will never happen.
767
76820150623:
769	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
770	entry below has been been committed in revision 284717.
771
77220150616:
773	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
774	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
775
77620150615:
777	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
778	below has been been committed in revision 284436.  The work
779	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
780	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
781	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
782
78320150614:
784	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
785	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
786	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
787	with Kyuafile and kyua.
788
78920150614:
790	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
791	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
792	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
793	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
794	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
795	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
796	2048 bit DH parameter by:
797
798	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
799	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
800	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
801	   replace it with '2'.
802	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
803	   a file path, create a new file with:
804		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
805	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
806		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
807	5. Restart sendmail:
808		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
809
810	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
811	updated.
812
81320150604:
814	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
815	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
816	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
817	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
818	5.x.
819
820	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
821
82220150525:
823	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
824	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
825	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
826
82720150521:
828	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
829	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
830	and Pandaboard:
831
832	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
833	  same but content is different now
834	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
835	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
836	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
837	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
838	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
839
84020150501:
841	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
842	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
843	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
844
84520150423:
846	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
847	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
848
84920150415:
850	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
851	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
852
85320150416:
854	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
855	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
856	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
857
85820150324:
859	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
860	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
861	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
862	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
863
86420150315:
865	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
866	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
867	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
868
86920150307:
870	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
871	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
872	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
873	kernel before rebooting.
874
87520150217:
876	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
877	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
878	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
879	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
880	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
881	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
882
88320150210:
884	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
885	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
886	with the new kernel.
887
88820150131:
889	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
890	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
891	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
892
89320150118:
894	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
895	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
896	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
897	are not already using 3.5.0.
898
89920150107:
900	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
901	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
902	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
903	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
904	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
905
90620150105:
907	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
908	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
909	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
910	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
911
91220150102:
913	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
914	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
915
91620141231:
917	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
918
919	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
920	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
921	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
922	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
923	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
924	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
925	later.
926
927	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
928	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
929	of the box.
930
931	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
932	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
933	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
934	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
935
936	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
937	the instructions for 9.x above.
938
939	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
940	default, and do not build clang.
941
942	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
943	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
944	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
945
946	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
947	the following are most likely to appear:
948
949	-Wabsolute-value
950
951	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
952	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
953	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
954	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
955	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
956	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
957	  cast, or disable the warning.
958
959	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
960	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
961	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
962	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
963	  side-effects.
964
965	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
966	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
967
968	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
969	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
970	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
971	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
972
973	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
974	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
975	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
976	unreachable could be optimized away.
977
97820141222:
979	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
980	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
981	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
982	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
983	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
984	the utilities will report errors.
985
98620141121:
987	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
988	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
989	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
990	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
991	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
992	LOCAL_DIRS.
993
99420141109:
995	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
996	has been obsolete for a very long time.
997
99820141104:
999	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1000	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1001	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1002	drivers.
1003
1004	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1005	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1006	indicate what you need to do.
1007
1008	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1009	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1010	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1011
1012	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1013	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1014	  kern.vty=sc
1015
101620141102:
1017	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1018	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1019	execute it.
1020
102120141009:
1022	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1023	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1024	devel/gperf port.
1025
102620140923:
1027	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1028	contrib/pjdfstest .
1029
103020140922:
1031	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1032	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1033	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1034	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
1035	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1036	their next update cycle.
1037
103820140729:
1039	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1040	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1041	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1042	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1043	1.12.4_8 or newer.
1044
104520140723:
1046	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1047	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1048
104920140719:
1050	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1051	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1052	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
1053	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1054	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1055	new configuration.
1056
105720140709:
1058	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1059	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1060	them again.
1061	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1062
106320140708:
1064	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1065	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1066	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
1067	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1068	requires readline.
1069
107020140702:
1071	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1072	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1073	architecture.
1074
107520140701:
1076	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1077	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
1078	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1079	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1080	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1081
108220140629:
1083	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1084	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1085	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1086
108720140619:
1088	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1089	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1090	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1091
109220140606:
1093	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1094	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
1095	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1096	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
1097	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1098	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1099	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1100	"make installworld".
1101
1102	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1103	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1104	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1105	is run.
1106
1107	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1108	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1109	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1110	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1111	be removed during a clean upgrade.
1112
111320140512:
1114	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1115
111620140508:
1117	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1118	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1119	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
1120
112120140505:
1122	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1123	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1124	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1125	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1126	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1127	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1128	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1129	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1130	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1131	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1132	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1133	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1134
1135	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1136	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1137	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1138	as well.
1139
114020140430:
1141	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1142	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1143
114420140424:
1145	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1146	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1147	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1148	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1149	build hosts for older releases.
1150
1151	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1152	r276991, respectively.
1153
115420140418:
1155	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1156	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1157	will silently lack HESIOD.
1158
115920140405:
1160	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1161	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1162	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1163	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1164	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1165	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1166	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1167	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1168	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1169	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1170	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1171	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
1172
117320140306:
1174	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1175	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1176	with command line option -W.
1177
117820140226:
1179	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1180	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1181	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1182	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1183	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1184
118520140216:
1186	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1187
118820140216:
1189	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
1190	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1191
119220140212:
1193	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1194	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1195	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
1196	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1197	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1198
119920140204:
1200	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1201	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
1202	kernel is still highly recommended.
1203
120420140131:
1205	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1206	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
1207	capability mode support in kernel.
1208
120920140128:
1210	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1211	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1212	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1213	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1214	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1215
121620140110:
1217	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1218	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1219	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1220	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1221	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1222	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1223
122420131213:
1225	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1226	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1227	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1228	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1229	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1230	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1231	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1232	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1233	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1234
123520131108:
1236	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1237	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
1238	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1239	should change your settings to use the latter.
1240
124120131025:
1242	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1243	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
1244	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
1245	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
1246	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1247
124820131014:
1249	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1250	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1251	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1252	delete-old-libs":
1253	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1254	  or
1255	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1256
125720131010:
1258	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1259	revision r256279.
1260
126120131010:
1262	The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
1263	configuration file.  The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
1264	for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
1265	/var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
1266	This is transparently backward compatible.  See below about some
1267	incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
1268
1269	These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
1270	file.  One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
1271	a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
1272	running the jail(8) utility.   The default pathname of the
1273	configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
1274	using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
1275
1276	Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
1277	this moment.  Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
1278	with an integer.
1279
128020130930:
1281	BIND has been removed from the base system.  If all you need
1282	is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
1283	service instead.  Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
1284	available in the ports tree.   The dns/bind99 port is one example.
1285
1286	With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
1287	system.  Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
1288	in the base system.  Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
1289	be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
1290
129120130916:
1292	With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
1293	required during installworld.  "mergemaster -p" can be used to
1294	add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1295
129620130911:
1297	OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
1298	silently trust signed SSHFP records.  This can be controlled with
1299	the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting.  DNSSEC support
1300	can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
1301
130220130906:
1303	The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
1304	are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
1305	compiler.  You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
1306	options in src.conf.
1307
130820130905:
1309	The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
1310	configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
1311	If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
1312	'options PROCDESC'.
1313
131420130905:
1315	The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
1316	in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
1317	have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
1318	following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
1319	advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
1320	kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
1321
132220130903:
1323	AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc.  The AES-NI module
1324	has been updated to use this support.  A new gcc is required to build
1325	the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
1326
132720130821:
1328	The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
1329	Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
1330	used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
1331
133220130813:
1333	WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets.  WITH_ICONV now
1334	enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
1335	WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
1336	compatibility.  Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
1337	If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
1338	need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
1339
134020130806:
1341	INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
1342	Illumos origin, including ZFS.  If you have INVARIANTS in your
1343	kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
1344	explicitly.
1345	DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
1346	locks if WITNESS option was set.  Because that generated a lot of
1347	witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
1348	positives, this is no longer done.  New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
1349	can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
1350
135120130806:
1352	Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
1353	of time_second.  Although this is not a user-visible functional
1354	change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
1355	rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
1356	to r253970 or later.
1357
135820130802:
1359	find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
1360	instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
1361	not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
1362	would result:
1363
1364	find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
1365
1366	Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
1367	without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
1368	directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
1369	old as well as the new version of find.
1370
137120130726:
1372	Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
1373	Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
1374	path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
1375	slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
1376	subdirectories must be reviewed.
1377
137820130716:
1379	The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
1380	incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
1381	need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1382
1383	To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
1384
1385	NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
1386	users are advised to upgrade.
1387
138820130709:
1389	pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
1390	you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
1391
139220130709:
1393	Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
1394	keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
1395	statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
1396
139720130618:
1398	Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
1399	to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
1400	even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
1401	write access to that file.
1402
140320130615:
1404	CVS has been removed from the base system.  An exact copy
1405	of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
1406
140720130613:
1408	Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
1409
1410		make: illegal option -- J
1411		usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
1412			...
1413		*** [buildworld] Error code 2
1414
1415	this likely due to an old instance of make in
1416	${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
1417	which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
1418	you see the above error:
1419
1420		rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
1421
1422	should resolve it.
1423
142420130516:
1425	Use bmake by default.
1426	Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
1427	-DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
1428	make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
1429
1430	It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
1431	line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
1432	command line.  Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
1433	than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
1434	behavior in parallel build.
1435
143620130429:
1437	Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
1438
143920130426:
1440	The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
1441	the IDEA patent expired.
1442
144320130426:
1444	The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
1445	from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
1446	enabled by default.
1447
144820130425:
1449	The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
1450	rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
1451	order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
1452	install and mtree.  When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
1453	the install command does not support -l, you will need to
1454	install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
1455	This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
1456	&& make install).
1457
145820130404:
1459	Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
1460	FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources.  Kernel modules
1461	atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
1462	removed.  Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
1463	and removed.
1464
146520130319:
1466	SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
1467	and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
1468	automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
1469	binaries will not work on older kernels.
1470
147120130308:
1472	CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
1473	information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
1474
147520130304:
1476	Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
1477	so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
1478	in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
1479	by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
1480	is requested.
1481
1482	The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
1483	but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
1484	option) to save memory.  To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
1485	option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
1486	in /boot/loader.conf.
1487
148820130301:
1489	The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
1490	This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
1491	initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
1492	a CAM target device was created.  This makes a FreeBSD system
1493	unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
1494
149520130208:
1496	A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD.  Please
1497	refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
1498
1499	Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
1500	on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
1501
150220130129:
1503	A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
1504	as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
1505	To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
1506	while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
1507	and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
1508
150920130121:
1510	Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
1511	and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
1512	make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
1513	command line.  If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
1514	you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
1515	/etc/src.conf.
1516
151720130118:
1518	The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
1519	argument that is a file or path to append logs to.  In the
1520	unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
1521	and the command line contained at least two files and a target
1522	directory the first file will have logs appended to it.  The -M
1523	option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
1524	use is expected to be extremely rare.
1525
152620121223:
1527	After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
1528	on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
1529	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
1530
153120121222:
1532	GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
1533	Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
1534	'%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
1535	be updated.
1536
153720121217:
1538	By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved.  To
1539	restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
1540	stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
1541
1542		savecore_flags=""
1543
154420121201:
1545	With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
1546	required during installworld.  "mergemaster -p" can be used to
1547	add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1548
154920121117:
1550	The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
1551	filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
1552	sysctl or routing socket.  This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
1553	id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
1554	This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
1555	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
1556
155720121105:
1558	On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
1559	This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
1560	and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
1561	and /usr/bin/cpp.  To disable this behavior and revert to building
1562	with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
1563	of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
1564	build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
1565	branch point).
1566
156720121102:
1568	The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
1569	functionality now turned on by default.
1570
157120121023:
1572	The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
1573	split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
1574	NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
1575	mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
1576	NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
1577	driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
1578	Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
1579	consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
1580	of the two kernel options.
1581
158220121023:
1583	The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
1584	order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
1585	with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
1586	pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
1587
158820121022:
1589	Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
1590	VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
1591	recompiled.
1592
159320121018:
1594	All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
1595	the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
1596	portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
1597
159820121016:
1599	The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
1600	modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
1601	ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
1602	vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
1603	faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
1604
160520121015:
1606	The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
1607	Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
1608	No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
1609	load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
1610
161120121014:
1612	Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
1613
161420121013:
1615	The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
1616	sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
1617	problems have been reported.  The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
1618	knob has also gone.
1619
162020121006:
1621	The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
1622	filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
1623	with new kernel.
1624
162520121001:
1626	The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
1627	PS-POLL and power-save support.  All wireless drivers need to be
1628	recompiled to work with the new kernel.
1629
163020120913:
1631	The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
1632	generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
1633	Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
1634	needed.  The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
1635	device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
1636	configurations.
1637
163820120908:
1639	The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
1640	snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
1641
164220120828:
1643	A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
1644	to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
1645	imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
1646	this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
1647	manual page.
1648
164920120727:
1650	The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
1651	detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
1652	to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
1653
165420120712:
1655	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c.  Any binaries requiring
1656	libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled.  Also, there are
1657	configuration changes.  Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
1658
165920120712:
1660	The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
1661	with other variables:
1662	  kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered   -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
1663	  kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
1664
166520120628:
1666	The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort.  For now, GNU sort
1667	is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
1668	GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT.  In this case, BSD sort will be
1669	installed as "bsdsort".
1670
167120120611:
1672	A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
1673	Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
1674	is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
1675	compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
1676	pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
1677	is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
1678	read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
1679	Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
1680	on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
1681
168220120417:
1683	The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
1684	as contrib/jemalloc.  The most disruptive API change is to
1685	/etc/malloc.conf.  If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
1686	delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
1687	new format after rebooting.  See malloc.conf(5) for details
1688	(specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
1689	NAMESPACE section).
1690
169120120328:
1692	Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb".  mips64eb
1693	is now spelled mips64.  mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32.  mipseb is
1694	now spelled mips.  This is to aid compatibility with third-party
1695	software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3).  Little-endian
1696	settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
1697	from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
1698	your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
1699
170020120306:
1701	Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
1702	platforms.
1703
170420120229:
1705	Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on	nullfs(5). Previously
1706	nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
1707	as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
1708	only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
1709	only to	the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
1710	lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
1711
171220120211:
1713	The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
1714	If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
1715	recompile libc again with your kernel.  You still need to recompile
1716	world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
1717	comes from 20111215.
1718
171920120114:
1720	The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr.  All
1721	base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
1722	port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
1723	hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
1724
1725	An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
1726	rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
1727
172820120109:
1729	panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
1730	on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
1731	This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
1732	tunable/sysctl.
1733	The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
1734
173520111215:
1736	The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
1737	of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
1738	of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
1739	for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
1740	not supported anymore.
1741
1742	Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
1743	utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
1744	need to be recompiled.
1745
174620111122:
1747	The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
1748	/dev/wmistat0.
1749
175020111108:
1751	The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
1752	explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
1753	It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
1754	time.
1755
175620111101:
1757	The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
1758	i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
1759
176020110930:
1761	sysinstall has been removed
1762
176320110923:
1764	The stable/9 branch created in subversion.  This corresponds to the
1765	RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
1766
1767COMMON ITEMS:
1768
1769	General Notes
1770	-------------
1771	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  While generally safe, there are
1772	sometimes problems using -j to upgrade.  If your upgrade fails with
1773	-j, please try again without -j.  From time to time in the past there
1774	have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld.  This
1775	is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1776	that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1777	several months have passed on the -current branch).
1778
1779	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1780	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1781	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1782	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1783	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1784
1785	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1786	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1787	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1788	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1789	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1790	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgade from
1791	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1792	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1793	an exception.
1794
1795	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1796	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1797	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1798	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1799
1800	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1801	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1802	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1803	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1804	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1805	should write them with this in mind.
1806
1807	ZFS notes
1808	---------
1809	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1810	these two steps:
1811
1812	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1813	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1814
1815	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1816
1817	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1818	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1819	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1820
1821	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1822
1823	To build a kernel
1824	-----------------
1825	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1826	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1827	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1828
1829	make kernel-toolchain
1830	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1831	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1832
1833	To test a kernel once
1834	---------------------
1835	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1836	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1837	debugging information) run
1838	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1839	nextboot -k testkernel
1840
1841	To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1842	--------------------------------------------------------------
1843	This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system.  Replace
1844	${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1845	"arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
1846
1847	cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1848	config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1849	cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1850	make depend
1851	make
1852	make install
1853
1854	If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1855
1856	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1857	-----------------------------------------------------------
1858	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1859	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1860
1861	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1862	make buildworld
1863	make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1864							[1]
1865	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1866	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1867	make installworld
1868	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1869	make delete-old					[6]
1870	<reboot>
1871
1872	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1873	--------------------------------------------------
1874	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1875	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1876	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1877	# size.
1878
1879	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1880	<boot into -stable>
1881	make buildworld
1882	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1883	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1884	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1885	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1886	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1887	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1888	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1889	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1890	<reboot into current>
1891	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1892	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1893	<reboot>
1894
1895
1896	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1897	----------------------------------------------
1898	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1899	make buildworld					[9]
1900	make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE		[8]
1901							[1]
1902	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1903	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1904	make installworld
1905	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1906	make delete-old					[6]
1907	<reboot>
1908
1909	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1910	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1911	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1912	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1913	the UPDATING entries.
1914
1915	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1916	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
1917	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1918	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1919	much fewer pitfalls.
1920
1921	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1922	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1923	system on reboot.
1924
1925	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1926		fsck -p
1927		mount -u /
1928		mount -a
1929		cd src
1930		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
1931	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1932	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1933
1934	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
1935	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1936	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1937	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1938	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1939	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
1940	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1941
1942	[5] Usually this step is a noop.  However, from time to time
1943	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1944	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
1945	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1946	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1947	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
1948
1949	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1950	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1951	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1952
1953	[8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
1954	do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
1955	your kernel.  Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1956	hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
1957	required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.  And so on
1958	for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
1959
1960	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1961	last time you updated your kernel config file.
1962
1963	[9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1964	cvs prune empty directories.
1965
1966	If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1967	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1968	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1969
1970	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1971	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
1972	warn if it is improperly defined.
1973FORMAT:
1974
1975This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1976breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1977list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1978If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1979to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1980
1981Copyright information:
1982
1983Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh.  All Rights Reserved.
1984
1985Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1986modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1987document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1988
1989THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1990IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1991WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1992DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1993INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1994(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1995SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1996HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1997STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1998IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1999POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2000
2001Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2002this document.
2003
2004$FreeBSD$
2005