1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020230422: 31 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree 32 using git instead. 33 3420230420: 35 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging 36 eg. 37 make buildworld-jobs 38 runs 39 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1 40 41 where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env. 42 4320230316: 44 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed. 45 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 46 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and 47 "device imx6_ipu" to it. 48 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 49 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it. 50 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't 51 exist anymore. 52 5320230221: 54 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 55 for details. 56 5720230206: 58 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 59 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 60 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 61 6220230204: 63 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 64 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 65 6620230130: 67 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 68 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 69 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 70 7120230126: 72 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 73 system are now built unconditionally. 74 7520230113: 76 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 77 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 78 7920221212: 80 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 81 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 82 83 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 84 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 85 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 86 8720221205: 88 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 89 to reenable sendmail(8): 90 91 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 92 93 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 94 9520221204: 96 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 97 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 98 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 99 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 100 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 101 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 102 103 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 104 10520221122: 106 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 107 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 108 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 109 11020221121: 111 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 112 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 113 11420221026: 115 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 116 for pkgbase users to do: 117 118 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 119 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 120 121 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 122 installed. 123 12420220610: 125 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 126 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 127 12820211230: 129 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 130 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 131 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 132 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 133 reflect this change. 134 13520211214: 136 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 137 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 138 13920211209: 140 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 141 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 142 the coming days and weeks. 143 144 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 145 or touch 146 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 147 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 148 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 149 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 150 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 151 15220211202: 153 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 154 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 155 statement in unbound.conf: 156 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 157 158 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 159 160 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 161 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 162 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 163 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 164 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 165 such names when roaming to different homenets. 166 16720211110: 168 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 169 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 170 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 171 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 172 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 173 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 174 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 175 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 176 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 177 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 178 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 179 18020211118: 181 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 182 tree shortly. 183 18420211106: 185 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 186 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 187 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 188 may need to be modified. 189 19020211022: 191 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 192 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 193 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 194 19520211020: 196 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 197 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 198 199 # chsh -s csh 200 20120211004: 202 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 203 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 204 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 205 this change. 206 20720210923: 208 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 209 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 210 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 211 list of modules to load on their systems. 212 21320210922: 214 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 215 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 216 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 217 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 218 21920210911: 220 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 221 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 222 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 223 being loaded. 224 22520210817: 226 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 227 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 228 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 229 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 230 application-specific configuration option for applications 231 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 232 23320210811: 234 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 235 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 236 23720210730: 238 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 239 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 240 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 241 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 242 24320210729: 244 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 245 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 246 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 247 24820210716: 249 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 250 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 251 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 252 25320210715: 254 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 255 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 256 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 257 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 258 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 259 to update your sources past the above hash and do 260 % cd usr.bin/awk 261 % make clean all 262 % sudo -E make install 263 to enable building kernels again. 264 26520210708: 266 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 267 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 268 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 269 27020210707: 271 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 272 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 273 27420210624: 275 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 276 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 277 for NFSv4 mounts. 278 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 279 28020210618: 281 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 282 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 283 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 284 additions and others. 285 28620210618: 287 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 288 renamed to "untrusted". 289 29020210611: 291 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 292 please install the svn package or port. 293 29420210611: 295 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 296 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 297 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 298 29920210610: 300 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 301 30220210608: 303 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 304 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 305https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 306 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 307 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 308 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 309 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 310 31120210525: 312 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 313 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 314 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 315 detect this. 316 31720210513: 318 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 319 libraries and utilities are packaged. 320 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 321 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 322 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 323 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 324 on the system. 325 32620210426: 327 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 328 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 329 need to be rebuilt from sources. 330 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 331 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 332 is not recommended. 333 33420210411: 335 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 336 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 337 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 338 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 339 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 340 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 341 34220210330: 343 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 344 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 345 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 346 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 347 34820210225: 349 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 350 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 351 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 352 35320210128: 354 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 355 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 356 update. 357 35820210108: 359 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 360 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 361 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 362 since it was bumped so recently. 363 36420210107: 365 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 366 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 367 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 368 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 369 37020210105: 371 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 372 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 373 requires a clean build. 374 37520201223: 376 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 377 instructions can be found at 378 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 379 and other documents in that repo. 380 38120201216: 382 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 383 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 384 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 385 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 386 38720201215: 388 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 389 may be installed from ports or packages. 390 39120201124: 392 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 393 See ping(8) for details. 394 39520201108: 396 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 397 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 398 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 399 40020201030: 401 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 402 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 403 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 404 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 405 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 406 40720201026: 408 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 409 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 410 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 411 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 412 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 413 find. 414 41520200923: 416 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 417 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 418 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 419 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 420 421 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 422 command you want to un-auger the tree is 423 cd sys/amd64/conf 424 svn revert -R . 425 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 426 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 427 42820200824: 429 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 430 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 431 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 432 unless you want to use new features. 433 434 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 435 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 436 rebuilding world may fail. 437 438 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 439 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 440 441 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 442 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 443 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 444 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 445 44620200824: 447 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 448 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 449 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 450 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 451 45220200821: 453 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 454 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 455 sources. 456 45720200817: 458 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 459 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 460 46120200816: 462 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 463 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 464 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 465 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 466 46720200810: 468 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 469 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 470 from sources, so a version bump was done. 471 47220200807: 473 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 474 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 475 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 476 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 477 47820200729: 479 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 480 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 481 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 482 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 483 continue to function. 484 485 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 486 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 487 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 488 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 489 49020200627: 491 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 492 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 493 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 494 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 495 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 496 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 497 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 498 49920200625: 500 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 501 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 502 50320200613: 504 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 505 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 506 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 507 50820200604: 509 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 510 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 511 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 512 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 513 514 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 515 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 516 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 517 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 518 /root/.shrc. 519 52020200523: 521 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 522 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 523 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 524 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 525 52620200512: 527 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 528 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 529 53020200424: 531 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 532 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 533 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 534 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 535 be functional without closefrom(2). 536 53720200414: 538 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 539 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 540 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 541 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 542 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 543 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 544 54520200310: 546 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 547 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 548 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 549 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 550 55120200309: 552 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 553 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 554 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 555 55620200301: 557 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 558 55920200229: 560 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 561 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 562 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 563 56420200229: 565 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 566 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 567 56820200229: 569 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 570 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 571 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 572 ports or packages. 573 57420200220: 575 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 576 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 577 ncurses. 578 57920200217: 580 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 581 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 582 together with their new kernel. 583 58420200212: 585 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 586 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 587 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 588 589 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 590 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 591 59220200108: 593 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 594 linker for riscv64. 595 59620200107: 597 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 598 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 599 external toolchain package. 600 60120200104: 602 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 603 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 604 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 605 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 606 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 607 60820200102: 609 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 610 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 611 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 612 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 613 61420191226: 615 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 616 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 617 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 618 ABI. 619 62020191226: 621 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 622 62320191222: 624 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 625 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 626 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 627 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 628 62920191212: 630 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 631 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 632 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 633 63420191205: 635 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 636 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 637 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 638 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 639 differences between those included in the port and those included in 640 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 641 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 642 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 643 64420191120: 645 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 646 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 647 for automounting. 648 64920191107: 650 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 651 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 652 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 653 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 654 add superio to the set. 655 65620191021: 657 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 658 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 659 66020191021: 661 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 662 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 663 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 664 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 665 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 666 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 667 completely in the future. 668 66920191009: 670 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 671 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 672 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 673 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 674 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 675 will be removed from the list. 676 67720191009: 678 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 679 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 680 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 681 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 682 68320191003: 684 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 685 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 686 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 687 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 688 68920190913: 690 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 691 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 692 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 693 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 694 69520190823: 696 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 697 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 698 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 699 70020190727: 701 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 702 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 703 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 704 your scripts, because they had no effect. 705 706 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 707 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 708 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 709 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 710 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 711 71220190713: 713 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 714 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 715 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 716 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 717 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 718 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 719 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 720 72120190620: 722 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 723 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 724 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 725 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 726 72720190612: 728 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 729 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 730 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 731 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 732 73320190608: 734 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 735 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 736 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 737 73820190513: 739 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 740 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 741 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 742 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 743 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 744 avoid running into the limit. 745 74620190507: 747 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 748 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 749 75020190507: 751 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 752 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 753 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 754 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 755 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 756 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 757 75820190418: 759 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 760 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 761 entropy: 762 763 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 764 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 765 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 766 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 767 availability properties. 768 769 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 770 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 771 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 772 initial condition, if desired. 773 774 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 775 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 776 777 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 778 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 779 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 780 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 781 78220190416: 783 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 784 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 785 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 786 therefore unblocked). 787 78820190404: 789 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 790 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 791 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 792 is added to the command line. 793 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 794 not affected and should continue to work. 795 79620190320: 797 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 798 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 799 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 800 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 801 80220190304: 803 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 804 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 805 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 806 or higher. 807 80820190226: 809 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 810 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 811 kernel config. 812 81320190219: 814 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 815 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 816 migrating to the drm ports. 817 81820190131: 819 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 820 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 821 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 822 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 823 is loaded automatically. 824 82520190125: 826 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 827 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 828 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 829 kernel config files. 830 83120181230: 832 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 833 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 834 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 835 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 836 83720181220: 838 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 839 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 840 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 841 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 842 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 843 most NFSv4 mounts. 844 84520181219: 846 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 847 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 848 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 849 850 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 851 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 852 853 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 854 removed from the mips port. 855 85620181211: 857 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 858 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 859 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 860 or higher. 861 86220181211: 863 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 864 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 865 86620181126: 867 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 868 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 869 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 870 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 871 87220181123: 873 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 874 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 875 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 876 87720181115: 878 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 879 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 880 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 881 FreeBSD versions. 882 88320181110: 884 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 885 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 886 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 887 888 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 889 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 890 being included using the command: 891 $ newsyslog -Nrv 892 89320181015: 894 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 895 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 896 drm-legacy-kmod. 897 898 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 899 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 900 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 901 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 902 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 903 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 904 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 905 that as you will get better support. 906 907 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 908 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 909 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 910 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 911 912 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 913 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 914 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 915 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 916 shortly. 917 91820181012: 919 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 920 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 921 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 922 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 923 be adjusted as necessary. 924 92520181009: 926 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 927 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 928 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 929 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 930 93120181006: 932 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 933 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 934 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 935 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 936 encouraged. 937 93820181002: 939 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 940 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 941 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 942 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 943 nda device name. 944 94520180913: 946 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 947 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 948 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 949 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 950 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 951 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 952 95320180826: 954 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 955 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 956 default since FreeBSD-11. 957 95820180822: 959 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 960 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 961 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 962 96320180818: 964 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 965 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 966 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 967 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 968 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 969 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 970 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 971 972 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 973 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 974 97520180815: 976 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 977 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 978 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 979 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 980 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 981 may not be observed in a future release. 982 98320180808: 984 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 985 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 986 your environment. 987 98820180731: 989 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 990 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 991 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 992 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 993 99420180730: 995 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 996 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 997 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 998 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 999 runtime services. 1000 100120180727: 1002 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 1003 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 1004 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 1005 100620180723: 1007 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 1008 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 1009 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 1010 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 1011 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 1012 101320180720: 1014 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 1015 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 1016 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 1017 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 1018 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 1019 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 1020 102120180719: 1022 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1023 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1024 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1025 boot_serial=YES 1026 boot_multicons=YES 1027 in /boot/loader.conf 1028 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1029 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1030 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1031 103220180719: 1033 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1034 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1035 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1036 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1037 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1038 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1039 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1040 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1041 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1042 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1043 by the ntpd user. 1044 104520180717: 1046 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1047 104820180711: 1049 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1050 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1051 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1052 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1053 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1054 105520180705: 1056 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1057 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1058 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1059 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1060 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1061 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1062 106320180702: 1064 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1065 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1066 106720180701: 1068 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1069 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1070 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1071 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1072 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1073 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1074 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1075 107620180630: 1077 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1078 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1079 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1080 or higher. 1081 108220180628: 1083 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1084 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1085 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1086 file. 1087 108820180612: 1089 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1090 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1091 109220180530: 1093 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1094 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1095 longer necessary. 1096 109720180530: 1098 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1099 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1100 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1101 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1102 110320180523: 1104 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1105 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1106 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1107 later than r334108. 1108 110920180517: 1110 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1111 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1112 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1113 it must be removed. 1114 111520180510: 1116 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1117 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1118 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1119 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1120 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1121 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1122 will go away. 1123 1124 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1125 workaround is necessary. 1126 112720180508: 1128 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1129 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1130 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1131 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1132 113320180504: 1134 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1135 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1136 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1137 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1138 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1139 114020180502: 1141 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1142 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1143 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1144 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1145 114620180501: 1147 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1148 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1149 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1150 be removed. 1151 115220180413: 1153 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1154 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1155 removed. 1156 115720180411: 1158 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1159 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1160 removed. 1161 116220180406: 1163 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1164 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1165 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1166 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1167 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1168 1169 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1170 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1171 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1172 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1173 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1174 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1175 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1176 1177 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1178 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1179 1180 source src { 1181 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1182 } 1183 1184 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1185 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1186 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1187 1188 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1189 1190 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1191 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1192 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1193 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1194 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1195 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1196 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1197 1198 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1199 change. 1200 120120180328: 1202 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1203 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1204 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1205 120620180323: 1207 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1208 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1209 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1210 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1211 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1212 should be as simple as: 1213 1214 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1215 $ make depend all install 1216 121720180212: 1218 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1219 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1220 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1221 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1222 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1223 provisions for backup boot methods. 1224 122520180211: 1226 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1227 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1228 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1229 imp@freebsd.org. 1230 123120180114: 1232 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1233 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1234 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1235 or higher. 1236 123720180110: 1238 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1239 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1240 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1241 1242 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1243 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1244 124520180110: 1246 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1247 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1248 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1249 remove it from kernel config files. 1250 125120180104: 1252 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1253 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1254 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1255 1256 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1257 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1258 125920180102: 1260 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1261 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1262 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1263 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1264 126520171215: 1266 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1267 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1268 126920171214: 1270 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1271 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1272 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1273 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1274 127520171125: 1276 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1277 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1278 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1279 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1280 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1281 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1282 128320171110: 1284 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1285 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1286 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1287 128820171106: 1289 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1290 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1291 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1292 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1293 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1294 129520171102: 1296 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1297 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1298 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1299 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1300 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1301 environment. 1302 130320171101: 1304 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1305 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1306 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1307 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1308 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1309 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1310 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1311 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1312 than hardcoding paths. 1313 131420171028: 1315 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1316 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1317 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1318 131920171021: 1320 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1321 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1322 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1323 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1324 132520171010: 1326 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1327 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1328 132920171005: 1330 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1331 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1332 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1333 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1334 133520171003: 1336 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1337 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1338 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1339 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1340 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1341 134220170912: 1343 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1344 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1345 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1346 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1347 /etc/ctl.conf . 1348 134920170912: 1350 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1351 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1352 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1353 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1354 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1355 135620170826: 1357 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1358 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1359 136020170825: 1361 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1362 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1363 to complete. 1364 136520170814: 1366 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1367 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1368 ${TESTSDIR}. 1369 1370 Behavioral changes: 1371 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1372 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1373 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1374 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1375 1376 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1377 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1378 sandbox if successful. 1379 1380 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1381 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1382 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1383 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1384 an unprivileged user. 1385 138620170808: 1387 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1388 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1389 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1390 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1391 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1392 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1393 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1394 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1395 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1396 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1397 to which you should answer yes. 1398 139920170728: 1400 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1401 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1402 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1403 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1404 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1405 140620170722: 1407 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1408 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1409 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1410 141120170701: 1412 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1413 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1414 141520170625: 1416 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1417 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1418 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1419 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1420 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1421 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1422 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1423 142420170623: 1425 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1426 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1427 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1428 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1429 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1430 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1431 143220170620: 1433 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1434 if you require the GPL compiler. 1435 143620170618: 1437 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1438 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1439 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1440 144120170617: 1442 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1443 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1444 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1445 followed. 1446 144720170531: 1448 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1449 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1450 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1451 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1452 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1453 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1454 145520170524: 1456 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1457 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1458 which only require one chipset support. 1459 1460 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1461 1462 if_ath_load="YES" 1463 1464 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1465 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1466 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1467 1468 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 1469 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1470 1471 * load ath_hal 1472 * load the chip modules in question 1473 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1474 * load ath_main 1475 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1476 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1477 1478 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1479 148020170523: 1481 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1482 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1483 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1484 1485 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1486 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1487 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1488 1489 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1490 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1491 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1492 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1493 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1494 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1495 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1496 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1497 149820170424: 1499 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1500 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1501 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1502 150320170420: 1504 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1505 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1506 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1507 150820170413: 1509 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1510 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1511 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1512 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1513 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1514 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1515 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1516 151720170407: 1518 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1519 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1520 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1521 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1522 152320170405: 1524 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1525 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1526 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1527 152820170331: 1529 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1530 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1531 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1532 153320170329: 1534 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1535 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1536 1537 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1538 via one of the following methods: 1539 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1540 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1541 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1542 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1543 1544 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1545 154620170316: 1547 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1548 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1549 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1550 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1551 with mmc.ko). 1552 155320170315: 1554 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1555 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1556 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1557 be prefixed with colon. 1558 155920170311: 1560 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1561 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1562 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1563 156420170302: 1565 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1566 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1567 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1568 156920170221: 1570 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1571 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1572 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1573 change. 1574 157520170216: 1576 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1577 valid. 1578 157920170215: 1580 MCA bus support has been removed. 1581 158220170127: 1583 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1584 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1585 158620170112: 1587 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1588 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1589 159020170109: 1591 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1592 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1593 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1594 configuration. 1595 159620161217: 1597 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1598 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1599 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1600 160120161124: 1602 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1603 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1604 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1605 160620161119: 1607 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1608 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1609 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1610 161120161030: 1612 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1613 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1614 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1615 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1616 161720161017: 1618 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1619 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1620 parts. 1621 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1622 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1623 162420161015: 1625 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1626 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1627 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1628 removed from base. 1629 163020161008: 1631 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1632 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1633 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1634 163520161003: 1636 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1637 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1638 163920160924: 1640 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1641 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1642 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1643 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1644 164520160918: 1646 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1647 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1648 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1649 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1650 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1651 165220160918: 1653 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1654 165520160908: 1656 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1657 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1658 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1659 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1660 166120160824: 1662 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1663 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1664 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1665 to 1200005. 1666 166720160818: 1668 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1669 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1670 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1671 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1672 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1673 0. 1674 167520160818: 1676 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1677 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1678 167920160708: 1680 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1681 1682After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 1683from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 1684entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 1685UPDATING file. 1686 1687COMMON ITEMS: 1688 1689 General Notes 1690 ------------- 1691 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1692 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1693 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1694 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1695 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1696 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 1697 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 1698 report a bug if it happens consistently. 1699 1700 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1701 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1702 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1703 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1704 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1705 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1706 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1707 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1708 an exception. 1709 1710 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 1711 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 1712 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 1713 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 1714 step. 1715 1716 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1717 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1718 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1719 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1720 1721 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1722 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1723 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1724 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1725 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1726 should write them with this in mind. 1727 1728 ZFS notes 1729 --------- 1730 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 1731 always follow these three steps: 1732 1733 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1734 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1735 1736 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 1737 doing a zpool upgrade): 1738 1739 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 1740 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1741 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 1742 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 1743 1744 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 1745 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 1746 zpool upgrade. 1747 1748 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1749 1750 EFI notes 1751 --------- 1752 1753 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 1754 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 1755 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 1756 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 1757 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 1758 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 1759 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 1760 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 1761 1762 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 1763 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 1764 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 1765 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 1766 1767 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 1768 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 1769 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 1770 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 1771 1772 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 1773 1774 To build a kernel 1775 ----------------- 1776 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1777 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1778 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1779 1780 make kernel-toolchain 1781 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1782 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1783 1784 To test a kernel once 1785 --------------------- 1786 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1787 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1788 debugging information) run 1789 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1790 nextboot -k testkernel 1791 1792 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1793 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1794 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1795 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1796 1797 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1798 make buildworld 1799 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1800 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1801 [1] 1802 <reboot in single user> [3] 1803 etcupdate -p [5] 1804 make installworld 1805 etcupdate -B [4] 1806 make delete-old [6] 1807 <reboot> 1808 1809 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1810 -------------------------------------------------- 1811 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1812 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1813 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1814 # size. 1815 1816 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1817 <boot into -stable> 1818 make buildworld 1819 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1820 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1821 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1822 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1823 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1824 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1825 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1826 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1827 <reboot into current> 1828 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1829 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1830 <reboot> 1831 1832 1833 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1834 ---------------------------------------------- 1835 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1836 make buildworld [9] 1837 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1838 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1839 [1] 1840 <reboot in single user> [3] 1841 etcupdate -p [5] 1842 make installworld 1843 etcupdate -B [4] 1844 make delete-old [6] 1845 <reboot> 1846 1847 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1848 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1849 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1850 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1851 the UPDATING entries. 1852 1853 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1854 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1855 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1856 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1857 much fewer pitfalls. 1858 1859 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 1860 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 1861 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 1862 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 1863 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 1864 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 1865 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 1866 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 1867 and effective, eg: 1868 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 1869 1870 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1871 fsck -p 1872 mount -u / 1873 mount -a 1874 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 1875 cd src # full path to source 1876 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1877 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 1878 into single user mode to do the installworld. 1879 1880 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1881 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1882 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1883 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1884 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1885 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 1886 1887 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1888 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1889 step. 1890 1891 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1892 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1893 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1894 1895 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 1896 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 1897 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 1898 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 1899 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 1900 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 1901 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 1902 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 1903 1904 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1905 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 1906 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 1907 for these as well. 1908 1909 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1910 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1911 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1912 1913 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1914 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1915 warn if it is improperly defined. 1916FORMAT: 1917 1918This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1919breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1920list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1921If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1922to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1923 1924Copyright information: 1925 1926Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 1927 1928Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1929modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1930document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1931 1932THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1933IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1934WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1935DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1936INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1937(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1938SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1939HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1940STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1941IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1942POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1943 1944Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1945this document. 1946 1947$FreeBSD$ 1948