1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520091113: 26 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 27 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 28 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 29 operation of applications on the console. 30 31 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 32 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 33 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 34 cons25. 35 36 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 37 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 38 performed by syscons(4). 39 4020091109: 41 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 42 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 43 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 44 45 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 46 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 47 new structure. 48 4920091025: 50 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 51 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 52 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 53 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 54 your wireless card, use the the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 55 iwn5150fw. 56 5720090926: 58 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 59 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 60 61 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 62 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 63 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 64 65 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 66 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 67 68 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 69 they are obsolete. 70 71 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 72 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 73 74 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 75 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 76 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 77 78 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 79 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 80 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 81 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 82 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 83 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 84 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 85 using ifconfig(8) like: 86 87 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 88 89 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 90 IPv6-preferred. 91 92 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 93 94 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 95 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 96 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 97 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 98 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 99 10020090922: 101 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 102 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 103 10420090912: 105 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 106 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 107 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 108 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 109 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 110 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 111 11220090910: 113 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 114 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 115 11620090825: 117 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 118 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 119 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 120 is 1000. 121 12220090813: 123 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 124 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 125 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 126 12720090803: 128 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 129 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 130 13120090719: 132 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 133 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 134 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 135 13620090714: 137 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 138 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 139 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 140 14120090713: 142 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 143 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 144 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 145 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 146 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 147 14820090712: 149 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 150 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 151 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 152 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 153 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 154 15520090630: 156 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 157 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 158 may need to be adjusted. 159 16020090629: 161 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 162 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 163 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 164 with routing sockets. 165 16620090628: 167 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 168 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 169 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 170 17120090624: 172 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 173 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 174 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 175 800100. 176 17720090622: 178 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 179 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 180 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 181 18220090619: 183 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 184 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 185 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 186 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 187 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 188 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 189 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 190 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 191 192 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 193 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 194 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 195 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 196 authentication method is used. 197 19820090616: 199 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 200 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 201 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 202 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 203 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 204 20520090613: 206 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 207 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 208 20920090611: 210 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 211 be rebuilt. 212 21320090608: 214 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 215 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 216 21720090602: 218 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 219 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 220 22120090601: 222 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 223 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 224 re-compiled. 225 22620090601: 227 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 228 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 229 rebuilt. 230 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 231 23220090530: 233 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 234 more valid. 235 23620090530: 237 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 238 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 239 24020090529: 241 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 242 rebuilt. 243 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 244 24520090528: 246 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 247 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 248 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 249 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 250 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 251 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 252 25320090527: 254 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 255 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 256 25720090523: 258 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 259 need to be rebuilt. 260 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 261 26220090523: 263 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 264 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 265 26620090520: 267 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 268 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 269 27020090520: 271 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 272 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 273 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 274 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 275 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 276 27720090430: 278 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 279 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 280 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 281 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 282 correctly checking networking state from userland. 283 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 284 28520090429: 286 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 287 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 288 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 289 follows the IPv4 implementation. 290 291 For kernel developers: 292 293 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 294 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 295 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 296 297 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 298 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 299 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 300 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 301 302 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 303 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 304 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 305 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 306 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 307 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 308 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 309 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 310 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 311 multicast membership on-link. 312 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 313 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 314 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 315 316 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 317 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 318 stack. 319 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 320 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 321 semantics. 322 323 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 324 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 325 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 326 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 327 328 For application developers: 329 330 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 331 stack. 332 333 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 334 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 335 336 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 337 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 338 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 339 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 340 341 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 342 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 343 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 344 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 345 Multicast Source Filters'. 346 347 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 348 349 For systems administrators: 350 351 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 352 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 353 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 354 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 355 returned by getifaddrs(3). 356 357 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 358 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 359 360 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 361 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 362 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 363 recommended for optimal system performance. 364 365 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 366 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 367 back forwarded datagrams. 368 369 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 370 37120090422: 372 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 373 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 374 37520090419: 376 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 377 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 378 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 379 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 380 38120090415: 382 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 383 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 384 state will require a world rebuild. 385 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 386 38720090415: 388 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 389 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 390 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 391 39220090414: 393 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 394 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 395 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 396 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 397 load balancing. 398 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 399 40020090408: 401 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 402 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 403 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 404 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 405 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 406 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 407 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 408 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 409 41020090407: 411 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 412 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 413 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 414 41520090320: 416 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 417 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 418 introduces some changes: 419 420 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 421 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 422 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 423 424 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 425 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 426 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 427 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 428 429 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 430 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 431 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 432 the "386BSD" type). 433 434 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 435 43620090319: 437 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 438 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 439 (supported by sane). 440 44120090319: 442 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 443 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 444 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 445 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 446 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 447 44820090315: 449 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 450 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 451 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 452 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 453 used. 454 45520090313: 456 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 457 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 458 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 459 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 460 46120090313: 462 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 463 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added. 464 46520090309: 466 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 467 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 468 469 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 470 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 471 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 472 473 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 474 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 475 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 476 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 477 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 478 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 479 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 480 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 481 482 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 483 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 484 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 485 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 486 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 487 to preserve the existing behaviour. 488 489 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 490 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 491 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 492 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 493 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 494 495 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 496 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 497 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 498 via IGMP. 499 500 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 501 recompiled to reflect this. 502 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 503 50420090309: 505 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 506 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 507 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 508 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 509 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 510 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 511 51220090302: 513 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 514 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 515 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 516 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 517 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 518 raised to allow such segments to be created. 519 52020090301: 521 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 522 network device driver modules. 523 52420090227: 525 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 526 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 527 52820090223: 529 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 530 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 531 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 532 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 533 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 534 apply. 535 53620090217: 537 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 538 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 539 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 540 use the new name. 541 54220090216: 543 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 544 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 545 add 546 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 547 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 548 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 549 55020090215: 551 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 552 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 553 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 554 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 555 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 556 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 557 558 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 559 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 560 be used for this: 561 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 562 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 563 56420090209: 565 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 566 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 567 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 568 56920090203: 570 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 571 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 572 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 573 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 574 same interface. 575 57620090201: 577 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 578 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 579 58020090119: 581 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 582 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 583 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 584 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 585 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 586 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 587 58820090115: 589 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 590 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 591 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 592 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 593 59420081225: 595 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 596 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 597 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 598 in next mpd5.3 release. 599 60020081219: 601 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 602 the base system (it was a port). 603 60420081216: 605 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 606 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 607 60820081214: 609 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 610 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 611 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 612 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 613 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 614 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 615 none of the L2 information. 616 61720081130: 618 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 619 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 620 621 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 622 623 to their kernel config files when specifying: 624 625 device ath_hal 626 627 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 628 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 629 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 630 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 631 63220081121: 633 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 634 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 635 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 636 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 637 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 638 packets. 639 64020081117: 641 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 642 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 643 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 644 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 645 64620081028: 647 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 648 64920081009: 650 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 651 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 652 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 653 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 654 controller add the following to loader.conf: 655 656 uhci_load="YES" 657 ehci_load="YES" 658 65920081009: 660 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 661 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 662 sync. 663 66420081009: 665 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 666 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 667 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 668 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 669 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 670 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 671 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 672 67320080820: 674 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 675 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 676 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 677 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 678 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 679 680 PCI/ISA: 681 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 682 683 USB: 684 ubser, ucycom 685 686 Line disciplines: 687 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 688 689 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 690 cause compilation to fail. 691 69220080818: 693 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 694 69520080801: 696 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 697 698 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 699 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 700 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 701 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 702 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 703 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 704 accepting the RSA key. 705 706 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 707 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 708 command line. 709 710 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 711 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 712 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 713 behavior. 714 71520080713: 716 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 717 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 718 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 719 720 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 721 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 722 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 723 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 724 use the new device names. 725 726 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 727 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 728 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 729 at the loader prompt: 730 731 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 732 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 733 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 734 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 735 boot -s 736 73720080609: 738 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 739 disks instead. 740 74120080603: 742 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 743 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 744 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 745 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 746 74720080525: 748 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 749 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 750 75120080509: 752 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 753 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 754 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 755 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 756 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 757 75820080420: 759 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 760 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 761 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 762 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 763 For example, change: 764 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 765 to 766 wlans_ath0=wlan0 767 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 768 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 769 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 770 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 771 772 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 773 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 774 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 775 77620080408: 777 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 778 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 779 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 780 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 781 other operation levels. 782 78320080312: 784 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 785 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 786 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 787 compatibility with any prior release: 788 789 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 790 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 791 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 792 79320080301: 794 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 795 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 796 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 797 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 798 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 799 nonetheless. 800 80120080229: 802 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 803 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 804 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 805 with older hardware easier to do. 806 80720080220: 808 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 809 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 810 81120080211: 812 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 813 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 814 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 815 firewall rules. 816 81720080208: 818 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 819 mbuf chains. 820 82120080126: 822 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 823 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 824 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 825 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 826 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 827 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 828 third-party software might fail to build after this change 829 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 830 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 831 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 832 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 833 case that a portable fix is impossible. 834 83520080123: 836 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 837 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 838 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 839 84020071128: 841 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 842 functionality is the default now. 843 84420071118: 845 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 846 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 847 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 848 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 849 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 850 851 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 852 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 853 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 854 85520071024: 856 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 857 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 858 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 859 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 860 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 861 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 862 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 863 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 864 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 865 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 866 however. 867 86820071020: 869 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 870 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 871 used kproc_start().. 872 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 873 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 874 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 875 87620071010: 877 RELENG_7 branched. 878 879COMMON ITEMS: 880 881 General Notes 882 ------------- 883 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 884 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 885 -j, please try again wtihout -j. From time to time in the past there 886 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 887 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 888 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 889 several months have passed on the -current branch). 890 891 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 892 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 893 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 894 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 895 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 896 897 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 898 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 899 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 900 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 901 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 902 903 To build a kernel 904 ----------------- 905 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 906 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 907 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 908 909 make kernel-toolchain 910 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 911 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 912 913 To test a kernel once 914 --------------------- 915 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 916 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 917 debugging information) run 918 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 919 nextboot -k testkernel 920 921 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 922 -------------------------------------------------------------- 923 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 924 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 925 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 926 927 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 928 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 929 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 930 make depend 931 make 932 make install 933 934 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 935 936 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 937 ----------------------------------------------------------- 938 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 939 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 940 941 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 942 make buildworld 943 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 944 [1] 945 <reboot in single user> [3] 946 mergemaster -p [5] 947 make installworld 948 make delete-old 949 mergemaster [4] 950 <reboot> 951 952 953 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 954 -------------------------------------------------- 955 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 956 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 957 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 958 # size. 959 960 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 961 <boot into -stable> 962 make buildworld 963 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 964 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 965 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 966 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 967 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 968 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 969 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 970 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 971 <reboot into current> 972 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 973 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 974 <reboot> 975 976 977 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 978 ---------------------------------------------- 979 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 980 make buildworld [9] 981 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 982 [1] 983 <reboot in single user> [3] 984 mergemaster -p [5] 985 make installworld 986 make delete-old 987 mergemaster -i [4] 988 <reboot> 989 990 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 991 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 992 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 993 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 994 the UPDATING entries. 995 996 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 997 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 998 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 999 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1000 much fewer pitfalls. 1001 1002 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1003 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1004 system on reboot. 1005 1006 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1007 fsck -p 1008 mount -u / 1009 mount -a 1010 cd src 1011 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1012 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1013 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1014 1015 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1016 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1017 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1018 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1019 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1020 for potential gotchas. 1021 1022 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1023 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1024 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1025 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1026 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1027 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1028 1029 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1030 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1031 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1032 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1033 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1034 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1035 1036 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1037 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1038 1039 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1040 cvs prune empty directories. 1041 1042 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1043 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1044 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1045 1046 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1047 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1048 warn if it is improperly defined. 1049FORMAT: 1050 1051This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1052breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1053and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1054previous releases if your system is older than this. 1055 1056Copyright information: 1057 1058Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1059 1060Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1061modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1062document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1063 1064THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1065IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1066WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1067DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1068INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1069(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1070SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1071HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1072STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1073IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1074POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1075 1076Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1077this document. 1078 1079$FreeBSD$ 1080