1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process 17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420181123: 35 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 36 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 37 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 38 3920181115: 40 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 41 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 42 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 43 FreeBSD versions. 44 4520181110: 46 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 47 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 48 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 49 50 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 51 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 52 being included using the command: 53 $ newsyslog -Nrv 54 5520181015: 56 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 57 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 58 drm-legacy-kmod. 59 60 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 61 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 62 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 63 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 64 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 65 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 66 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 67 that as you will get better support. 68 69 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 70 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 71 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap 72 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 73 74 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 75 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 76 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 77 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 78 shortly. 79 8020181009: 81 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 82 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is 83 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 84 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 85 8620181006: 87 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 88 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 89 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 90 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 91 encouraged. 92 9320181002: 94 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 95 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 96 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 97 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 98 nda device name. 99 10020180913: 101 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 102 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 103 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 104 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 105 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 106 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 107 10820180826: 109 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 110 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 111 default since FreeBSD-11. 112 11320180822: 114 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 115 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 116 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 117 11820180818: 119 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 120 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 121 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 122 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 123 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 124 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 125 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 126 127 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 128 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 129 13020180815: 131 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 132 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 133 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 134 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 135 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 136 may not be observed in a future release. 137 13820180808: 139 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 140 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 141 your environment. 142 14320180731: 144 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 145 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 146 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 147 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 148 14920180730: 150 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 151 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 152 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 153 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 154 runtime services. 155 15620180727: 157 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 158 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 159 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 160 16120180723: 162 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 163 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 164 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 165 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 166 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 167 16820180720: 169 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 170 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 171 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 172 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 173 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 174 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 175 17620180719: 177 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 178 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 179 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add : 180 boot_serial=YES 181 boot_multicons=YES 182 in /boot/loader.conf 183 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 184 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that 185 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer. 186 18720180719: 188 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 189 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 190 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 191 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 192 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 193 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 194 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 195 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 196 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 197 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 198 by the ntpd user. 199 20020180717: 201 Big endian arm support has been removed. 202 20320180711: 204 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 205 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 206 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 207 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 208 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 209 21020180705: 211 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 212 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 213 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 214 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 215 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 216 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 217 21820180702: 219 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 220 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 221 22220180701: 223 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 224 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 225 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 226 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 227 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 228 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 229 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 230 23120180630: 232 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 233 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 234 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 235 or higher. 236 23720180628: 238 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 239 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 240 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file. 241 24220180612: 243 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 244 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 245 24620180530: 247 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 248 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 249 longer necessary. 250 25120180530: 252 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 253 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 254 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 255 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 256 25720180523: 258 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 259 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 260 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 261 later than r334108. 262 26320180517: 264 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 265 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 266 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 267 it must be removed. 268 26920180510: 270 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 271 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 272 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 273 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 274 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 275 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 276 will go away. 277 278 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 279 workaround is necessary. 280 28120180508: 282 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 283 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and 284 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 285 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 286 28720180504: 288 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 289 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 290 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 291 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 292 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 293 29420180502: 295 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 296 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 297 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 298 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 299 30020180501: 301 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 302 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 303 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 304 be removed. 305 30620180413: 307 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 308 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 309 removed. 310 31120180411: 312 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 313 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 314 removed. 315 31620180406: 317 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 318 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 319 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 320 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 321 microseconds and time zone offsets. 322 323 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 324 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 325 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 326 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 327 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 328 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 329 adjustments, depending on the software used. 330 331 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 332 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 333 334 source src { 335 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 336 } 337 338 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 339 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 340 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 341 342 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 343 344 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 345 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 346 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 347 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 348 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 349 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 350 thus expected to continue to function as before. 351 352 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 353 change. 354 35520180328: 356 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 357 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 358 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 359 36020180323: 361 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 362 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 363 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 364 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 365 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 366 should be as simple as: 367 368 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 369 $ make depend all install 370 37120180212: 372 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 373 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 374 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 375 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 376 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 377 provisions for backup boot methods. 378 37920180211: 380 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 381 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to 382 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org. 383 38420180114: 385 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 386 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 387 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 388 or higher. 389 39020180110: 391 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 392 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 393 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 394 395 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 396 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 397 39820180110: 399 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 400 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still 401 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it 402 from kernel config files. 403 40420180104: 405 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 406 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 407 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 408 409 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 410 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 411 41220180102: 413 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 414 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 415 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 416 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 417 41820171215: 419 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 420 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 421 42220171214: 423 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 424 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 425 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 426 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 427 42820171125: 429 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 430 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 431 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 432 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 433 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 434 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 435 43620171110: 437 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to 438 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 439 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 440 44120171106: 442 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 443 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 444 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 445 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 446 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 447 44820171102: 449 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 450 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 451 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 452 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 453 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 454 environment. 455 45620171101: 457 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 458 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 459 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 460 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 461 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 462 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 463 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 464 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 465 than hardcoding paths. 466 46720171028: 468 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 469 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 470 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 471 47220171021: 473 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 474 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 475 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 476 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 477 47820171010: 479 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 480 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 481 48220171005: 483 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 484 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 485 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 486 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 487 48820171003: 489 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 490 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 491 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 492 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 493 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 494 49520170912: 496 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 497 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 498 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 499 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 500 /etc/ctl.conf . 501 50220170912: 503 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 504 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 505 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 506 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 507 soft-float everything else should be affected. 508 50920170826: 510 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 511 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 512 51320170825: 514 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 515 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 516 to complete. 517 51820170814: 519 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 520 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 521 ${TESTSDIR}. 522 523 Behavioral changes: 524 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 525 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 526 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 527 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 528 529 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 530 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 531 sandbox if successful. 532 533 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 534 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 535 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 536 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 537 an unprivileged user. 538 53920170808: 540 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 541 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 542 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 543 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 544 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 545 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 546 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 547 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 548 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 549 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 550 to which you should answer yes. 551 55220170728: 553 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 554 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 555 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 556 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 557 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 558 55920170722: 560 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 561 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 562 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 563 56420170701: 565 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 566 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 567 56820170625: 569 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 570 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 571 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 572 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 573 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 574 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 575 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 576 57720170623: 578 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 579 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 580 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 581 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 582 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 583 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 584 58520170620: 586 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 587 if you require the GPL compiler. 588 58920170618: 590 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 591 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 592 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 593 59420170617: 595 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 596 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 597 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 598 followed. 599 60020170531: 601 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 602 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 603 from ports (and recommends to install it). 604 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 605 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 606 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 607 60820170524: 609 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 610 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 611 which only require one chipset support. 612 613 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 614 615 if_ath_load="YES" 616 617 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 618 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 619 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 620 621 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS 622 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 623 624 * load ath_hal 625 * load the chip modules in question 626 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 627 * load ath_main 628 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 629 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 630 631 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 632 63320170523: 634 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 635 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 636 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 637 638 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 639 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 640 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 641 642 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 643 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the 644 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild 645 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically, 646 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before 647 installing world. 648 64920170424: 650 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 651 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 652 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 653 65420170420: 655 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 656 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 657 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 658 65920170413: 660 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 661 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 662 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 663 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 664 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 665 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 666 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 667 66820170407: 669 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 670 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 671 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 672 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 673 67420170405: 675 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 676 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 677 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 678 67920170331: 680 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 681 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 682 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 683 68420170329: 685 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 686 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 687 688 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 689 via one of the following methods: 690 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 691 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 692 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 693 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 694 695 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 696 69720170316: 698 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 699 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 700 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 701 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 702 with mmc.ko). 703 70420170315: 705 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 706 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 707 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 708 be prefixed with colon. 709 71020170311: 711 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 712 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 713 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 714 71520170302: 716 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 717 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 718 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 719 72020170221: 721 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 722 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 723 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 724 change. 725 72620170216: 727 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 728 valid. 729 73020170215: 731 MCA bus support has been removed. 732 73320170127: 734 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 735 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 736 73720170112: 738 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 739 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 740 74120170109: 742 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 743 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 744 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration. 745 74620161217: 747 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 748 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 749 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 750 75120161124: 752 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 753 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 754 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 755 75620161119: 757 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 758 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 759 that link against it need to be recompiled. 760 76120161030: 762 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 763 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 764 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 765 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 766 76720161017: 768 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 769 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 770 parts. 771 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 772 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 773 77420161015: 775 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 776 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 777 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 778 removed from base. 779 78020161008: 781 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 782 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 783 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 784 78520161003: 786 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 787 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 788 78920160924: 790 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 791 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 792 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 793 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 794 79520160918: 796 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 797 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 798 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 799 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 800 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 801 80220160918: 803 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 804 80520160908: 806 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 807 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 808 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 809 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 810 81120160824: 812 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 813 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 814 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 815 to 1200005. 816 81720160818: 818 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 819 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 820 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 821 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 822 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 823 0. 824 82520160818: 826 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 827 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 828 82920160708: 830 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 831 83220160622: 833 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 834 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 835 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 836 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 837 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 838 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 839 kernel. 840 84120160527: 842 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 843 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 844 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 845 previously contained a line like 846 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 847 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 848 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 849 generally be fine. 850 85120160523: 852 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 853 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 854 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 855 built with the old headers. 856 85720160520: 858 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 859 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 860 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 861 installing a new libc. 862 86320160517: 864 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 865 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 866 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 867 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 868 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 869 packages will be needed. 870 871 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 872 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 873 and the install steps. 874 87520160510: 876 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 877 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 878 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 879 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 880 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 881 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 882 88320160414: 884 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 885 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 886 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 887 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 888 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 889 890 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 891 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 892 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 893 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 894 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 895 896 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 897 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 898 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 899 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 900 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 901 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 902 vendors work. 903 904 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 905 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 906 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 907 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 908 quirks entry to 0x3. 909 91020160330: 911 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 912 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 913 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 914 91520160317: 916 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 917 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 918 91920160311: 920 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 921 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 922 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 923 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 924 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 925 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 926 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 927 stale .depend files. 928 92920160306: 930 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 931 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 932 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 933 rebooting, e.g.: 934 935 make buildworld 936 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 937 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 938 make -C sys/boot install 939 <reboot in single user> 940 941 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 942 below. 943 94420160305: 945 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 946 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 947 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 948 94920160301: 950 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 951 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 952 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 953 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 954 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 955 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 956 95720160226: 958 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 959 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 960 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 961 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 962 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 963 96420160129: 965 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 966 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 967 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 968 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 969 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 970 97120160119: 972 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 973 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 974 97520160113: 976 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 977 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 978 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 979 98020151216: 981 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 982 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 983 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 984 other loaders. 985 98620151211: 987 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 988 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 989 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 990 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 991 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 992 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 993 99420151207: 995 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 996 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 997 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 998 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 999 in src.conf(5). 1000 100120151130: 1002 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 1003 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 1004 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1005 100620151108: 1007 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 1008 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 1009 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 1010 1011 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 1012 collation results will be different. 1013 1014 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 1015 locales before running make installworld. 1016 1017 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 1018 101920151030: 1020 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 1021 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 1022 102320151020: 1024 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 1025 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 1026 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 1027 102820151017: 1029 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 1030 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 1031 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 1032 and 'make -N' will not. 1033 103420151012: 1035 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 1036 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 1037 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 1038 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 1039 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 1040 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 1041 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 1042 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 1043 104420151011: 1045 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 1046 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 1047 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 1048 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 1049 105020151006: 1051 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 1052 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1053 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1054 105520150924: 1056 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 1057 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 1058 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 1059 userland debug files. 1060 1061 When using the supported kernel installation method the 1062 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 1063 as is done with /boot/kernel. 1064 1065 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 1066 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 1067 106820150827: 1069 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 1070 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 1071 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 1072 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 1073 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 1074 rc.d scripts in /etc. 1075 107620150827: 1077 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 1078 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 1079 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 1080 108120150817: 1082 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 1083 them, the kernel must have 1084 1085 device random 1086 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 1087 1088 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 1089 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 1090 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 1091 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 1092 1093 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 1094 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 1095 109620150813: 1097 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1098 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 1099 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 1100 110120150810: 1102 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 1103 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 1104 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 1105 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 1106 1107 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 1108 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 1109 difference with this change. 1110 1111 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 1112 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 1113 remove that workaround. 1114 111520150809: 1116 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 1117 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 1118 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 1119 with: 1120 1121 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 1122 112320150806: 1124 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 1125 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 1126 loader.rc.local instead. 1127 112820150805: 1129 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 1130 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 1131 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 1132 113320150728: 1134 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 1135 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 1136 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 1137 1138 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 1139 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 1140 114120150706: 1142 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 1143 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 1144 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 1145 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 1146 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 1147 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 1148 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 1149 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 1150 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 1151 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 1152 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 1153 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 1154 115520150630: 1156 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 1157 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 1158 1159 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 1160 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 1161 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 1162 1163 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 1164 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 1165 1166 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 1167 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 1168 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 1169 1170 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 1171 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 1172 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 1173 and it is assumed you know what you need. 1174 1175 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 1176 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 1177 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 1178 behaviour from your security subsystems. 1179 1180 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 1181 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 1182 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 1183 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 1184 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 1185 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 1186 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 1187 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 1188 will never happen. 1189 119020150623: 1191 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 1192 entry below has been committed in revision 284717. 1193 119420150616: 1195 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 1196 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 1197 119820150615: 1199 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 1200 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work 1201 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 1202 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 1203 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 1204 120520150614: 1206 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 1207 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 1208 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 1209 with Kyuafile and kyua. 1210 121120150614: 1212 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 1213 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 1214 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 1215 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 1216 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 1217 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 1218 2048 bit DH parameter by: 1219 1220 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 1221 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 1222 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 1223 replace it with '2'. 1224 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 1225 a file path, create a new file with: 1226 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 1227 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 1228 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 1229 5. Restart sendmail: 1230 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 1231 1232 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 1233 updated. 1234 123520150604: 1236 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 1237 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 1238 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 1239 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 1240 5.x. 1241 1242 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 1243 124420150525: 1245 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 1246 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 1247 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1248 124920150521: 1250 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 1251 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 1252 and Pandaboard: 1253 1254 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 1255 same but content is different now 1256 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 1257 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 1258 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 1259 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 1260 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 1261 126220150501: 1263 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 1264 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 1265 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 1266 126720150423: 1268 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 1269 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 1270 127120150415: 1272 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 1273 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 1274 127520150416: 1276 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 1277 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 1278 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 1279 128020150324: 1281 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 1282 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 1283 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 1284 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 1285 128620150315: 1287 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 1288 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1289 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1290 129120150307: 1292 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1293 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 1294 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 1295 kernel before rebooting. 1296 129720150217: 1298 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 1299 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 1300 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 1301 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 1302 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 1303 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 1304 130520150210: 1306 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 1307 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 1308 with the new kernel. 1309 131020150131: 1311 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1312 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 1313 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 1314 131520150118: 1316 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 1317 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 1318 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 1319 are not already using 3.5.0. 1320 132120150107: 1322 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 1323 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 1324 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 1325 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 1326 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 1327 132820150105: 1329 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 1330 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 1331 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 1332 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 1333 133420150102: 1335 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 1336 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 1337 133820141231: 1339 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 1340 1341 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 1342 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 1343 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 1344 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 1345 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 1346 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 1347 later. 1348 1349 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 1350 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 1351 of the box. 1352 1353 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 1354 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 1355 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 1356 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 1357 1358 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 1359 the instructions for 9.x above. 1360 1361 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 1362 default, and do not build clang. 1363 1364 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 1365 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 1366 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 1367 1368 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 1369 the following are most likely to appear: 1370 1371 -Wabsolute-value 1372 1373 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 1374 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 1375 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 1376 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 1377 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 1378 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 1379 cast, or disable the warning. 1380 1381 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 1382 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 1383 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 1384 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 1385 side-effects. 1386 1387 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 1388 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 1389 1390 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 1391 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 1392 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 1393 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 1394 1395 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 1396 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 1397 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 1398 unreachable could be optimized away. 1399 140020141222: 1401 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 1402 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 1403 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 1404 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 1405 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 1406 the utilities will report errors. 1407 140820141121: 1409 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 1410 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 1411 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 1412 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 1413 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 1414 LOCAL_DIRS. 1415 141620141109: 1417 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 1418 has been obsolete for a very long time. 1419 142020141104: 1421 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 1422 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 1423 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 1424 drivers. 1425 1426 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 1427 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 1428 indicate what you need to do. 1429 1430 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 1431 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 1432 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 1433 1434 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 1435 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 1436 kern.vty=sc 1437 143820141102: 1439 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 1440 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 1441 execute it. 1442 144320141009: 1444 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 1445 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 1446 devel/gperf port. 1447 144820140923: 1449 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 1450 contrib/pjdfstest . 1451 145220140922: 1453 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 1454 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 1455 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 1456 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 1457 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 1458 their next update cycle. 1459 146020140729: 1461 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 1462 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 1463 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 1464 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 1465 1.12.4_8 or newer. 1466 146720140723: 1468 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 1469 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 1470 147120140719: 1472 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 1473 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 1474 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 1475 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 1476 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 1477 new configuration. 1478 147920140709: 1480 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 1481 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 1482 them again. 1483 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 1484 148520140708: 1486 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 1487 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 1488 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 1489 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 1490 requires readline. 1491 149220140702: 1493 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 1494 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 1495 architecture. 1496 149720140701: 1498 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 1499 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 1500 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 1501 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 1502 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1503 150420140629: 1505 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 1506 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 1507 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 1508 150920140619: 1510 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 1511 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 1512 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 1513 151420140606: 1515 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 1516 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 1517 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 1518 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 1519 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 1520 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 1521 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 1522 "make installworld". 1523 1524 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 1525 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 1526 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 1527 is run. 1528 1529 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 1530 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 1531 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 1532 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 1533 be removed during a clean upgrade. 1534 153520140512: 1536 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 1537 153820140508: 1539 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 1540 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 1541 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 1542 154320140505: 1544 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 1545 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 1546 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 1547 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 1548 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 1549 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 1550 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 1551 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 1552 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 1553 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 1554 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 1555 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 1556 1557 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 1558 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 1559 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 1560 as well. 1561 156220140430: 1563 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 1564 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1565 156620140424: 1567 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 1568 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 1569 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 1570 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 1571 build hosts for older releases. 1572 1573 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 1574 r276991, respectively. 1575 157620140418: 1577 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 1578 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 1579 will silently lack HESIOD. 1580 158120140405: 1582 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 1583 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 1584 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 1585 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 1586 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 1587 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 1588 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 1589 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 1590 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 1591 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 1592 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 1593 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 1594 159520140306: 1596 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 1597 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 1598 with command line option -W. 1599 160020140226: 1601 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 1602 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 1603 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 1604 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 1605 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 1606 160720140216: 1608 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 1609 161020140216: 1611 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 1612 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 1613 161420140212: 1615 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 1616 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 1617 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 1618 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 1619 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 1620 162120140204: 1622 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 1623 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 1624 kernel is still highly recommended. 1625 162620140131: 1627 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 1628 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 1629 capability mode support in kernel. 1630 163120140128: 1632 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 1633 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 1634 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 1635 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 1636 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 1637 163820140110: 1639 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 1640 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 1641 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 1642 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 1643 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 1644 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 1645 164620131213: 1647 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 1648 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 1649 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 1650 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 1651 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 1652 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 1653 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 1654 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 1655 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 1656 165720131108: 1658 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 1659 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 1660 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 1661 should change your settings to use the latter. 1662 166320131025: 1664 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 1665 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 1666 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 1667 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 1668 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 1669 167020131014: 1671 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 1672 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 1673 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 1674 delete-old-libs": 1675 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 1676 or 1677 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 1678 167920131010: 1680 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 1681 revision r256279. 1682 1683COMMON ITEMS: 1684 1685 General Notes 1686 ------------- 1687 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1688 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1689 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1690 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1691 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1692 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1693 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1694 1695 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1696 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1697 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1698 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1699 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1700 1701 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1702 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1703 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1704 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1705 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1706 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1707 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1708 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1709 an exception. 1710 1711 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1712 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1713 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1714 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1715 1716 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1717 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1718 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1719 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1720 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1721 should write them with this in mind. 1722 1723 ZFS notes 1724 --------- 1725 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1726 these two steps: 1727 1728 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1729 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1730 1731 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1732 1733 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1734 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1735 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 1736 1737 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1738 1739 To build a kernel 1740 ----------------- 1741 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1742 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1743 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1744 1745 make kernel-toolchain 1746 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1747 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1748 1749 To test a kernel once 1750 --------------------- 1751 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1752 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1753 debugging information) run 1754 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1755 nextboot -k testkernel 1756 1757 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1758 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1759 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1760 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1761 1762 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1763 make buildworld 1764 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1765 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1766 [1] 1767 <reboot in single user> [3] 1768 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1769 make installworld 1770 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1771 make delete-old [6] 1772 <reboot> 1773 1774 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1775 -------------------------------------------------- 1776 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1777 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1778 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1779 # size. 1780 1781 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1782 <boot into -stable> 1783 make buildworld 1784 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1785 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1786 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1787 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1788 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1789 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1790 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1791 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1792 <reboot into current> 1793 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1794 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1795 <reboot> 1796 1797 1798 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1799 ---------------------------------------------- 1800 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1801 make buildworld [9] 1802 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1803 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1804 [1] 1805 <reboot in single user> [3] 1806 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1807 make installworld 1808 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1809 make delete-old [6] 1810 <reboot> 1811 1812 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1813 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1814 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1815 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1816 the UPDATING entries. 1817 1818 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1819 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1820 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1821 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1822 much fewer pitfalls. 1823 1824 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1825 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1826 system on reboot. 1827 1828 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1829 fsck -p 1830 mount -u / 1831 mount -a 1832 cd src 1833 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1834 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1835 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1836 1837 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1838 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1839 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1840 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1841 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1842 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1843 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1844 1845 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1846 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1847 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1848 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1849 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1850 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1851 1852 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1853 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1854 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1855 1856 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1857 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1858 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1859 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1860 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1861 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1862 1863 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1864 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1865 1866 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1867 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1868 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1869 1870 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1871 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1872 warn if it is improperly defined. 1873FORMAT: 1874 1875This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1876breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1877list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1878If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1879to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1880 1881Copyright information: 1882 1883Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1884 1885Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1886modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1887document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1888 1889THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1890IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1891WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1892DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1893INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1894(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1895SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1896HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1897STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1898IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1899POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1900 1901Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1902this document. 1903 1904$FreeBSD$ 1905