xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision e39e854e27f53a784c3982cbeb68f4ad1cfd9162)
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook.
8
9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
10/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
11
12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW:
13	FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
14	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
15	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
16	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
17	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
18	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
19	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
20	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
21	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
22	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
23	debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
24	disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
25	"ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
26
2720120417:
28	The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
29	as contrib/jemalloc.  The most disruptive API change is to
30	/etc/malloc.conf.  If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
31	delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
32	new format after rebooting.  See malloc.conf(5) for details
33	(specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
34	NAMESPACE section).
35
3620120328:
37	Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb".  mips64eb
38	is now spelled mips64.  mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32.  mipseb is
39	now spelled mips.  This is to aid compatibility with third-party
40	software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3).  Little-endian
41	settings are unchanged.
42
4320120306:
44	Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
45	platforms.
46
4720120229:
48	Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on	nullfs(5). Previously
49	nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
50	as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
51	only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
52	only to	the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
53	lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
54
5520120211:
56	The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
57	If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
58	recompile libc again with your kernel.  You still need to recompile
59	world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
60	comes from 20111215.
61
6220120114:
63	The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr.  All
64	base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
65	port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
66	hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
67
68	An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
69	rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
70
7120120109:
72	panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
73	on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
74	This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
75	tunable/sysctl.
76	The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
77
7820111215:
79	The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
80	of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
81	of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
82	for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
83	not supported anymore.
84
85	Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
86	utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
87	need to be recompiled.
88
8920111122:
90	The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
91	/dev/wmistat0.
92
9320111108:
94	The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
95	explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
96	It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
97	time.
98
9920111101:
100	The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
101	i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
102
10320110930:
104	sysinstall has been removed
105
10620110923:
107	The stable/9 branch created in subversion.  This corresponds to the
108	RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
109
11020110913:
111	This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
112	calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
113	The first time a system is booted after this change, the
114	vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
115	main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
116	for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
117	It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
118	systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
119	To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
120	until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
121
12220110828:
123	Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
124	do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
125	to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
126	Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
127
12820110815:
129	During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
130	This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
131	issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
132	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
133
134	Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
135	special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
136	Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
137
13820110628:
139	The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
140	You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
141	This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
142	versions.  Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
143
14420110608:
145	The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
146		machdep.hlt_cpus
147		machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
148	The following sysctl is retired:
149		machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
150	The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
151	online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
152	been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
153	machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
154	hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
155	Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
156	where X is an APIC ID of a CPU.  Be advised, though, that disabling
157	CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
158	may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
159	a default scheduler.
160
16120110607:
162	cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
163	a mask of CPUs.
164
16520110531:
166	Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
167	that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later.  Make sure to
168	follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
169	world.
170
17120110513:
172	Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
173
17420110503:
175	Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
176	the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
177	This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
178	drivers need to be recompiled.
179
180	Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
181	was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
182	i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
183	handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
184	branches.
185
18620110430:
187	Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
188	into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
189
19020110427:
191	The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
192	is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
193	Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
194	changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
195	commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
196	mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
197	kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
198	file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
199	NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
200	To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
201	a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
202
203	vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
204
205	in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
206	a diskless root fs use the old client.
207
20820110424:
209	The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
210	CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
211	removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
212	ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
213	them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
214	where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
215	in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
216	see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
217	old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
218	compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
219	not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
220	in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
221
222	It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
223	but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
224	module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
225	still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
226	and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
227	Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
228	scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
229	them are parts of the cam module.
230
231	ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
232	To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
233	for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
234
235	No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
236	arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
237	In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
238	    options        ATA_CAM
239	    device         ahci
240	    device         mvs
241	    device         siis
242	, and instead add back:
243	    device         atadisk         # ATA disk drives
244	    device         ataraid         # ATA RAID drives
245	    device         atapicd         # ATAPI CDROM drives
246	    device         atapifd         # ATAPI floppy drives
247	    device         atapist         # ATAPI tape drives
248
24920110423:
250	The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
251	was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
252	back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
253	both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
254	mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
255	update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
256
25720110418:
258	The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
259	related components have been removed from the base system.  If you
260	require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
261
26220110331:
263	ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
264	the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
265	contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
266	contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
267	in order to use ath on everything else.
268
269	TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
270	need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
271
27220110314:
273	As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
274	release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
275	release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
276
27720110218:
278	GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD.  This
279	is the last available version under GPLv2.  It brings a number of new
280	features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
281	4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
282	directives, and lots of other small improvements.  See the ChangeLog
283	file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
284
28520110218:
286	IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
287	compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
288	This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
289	actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
290	draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
291	authentication).
292	The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
293	algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
294
29520110207:
296	Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol.  This function has
297	been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
298	globally exposed with this name.  The equivalent functionality
299	is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
300	The function remains undocumented.
301
30220110112:
303	A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
304	symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD.  Type checking
305	for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled.  Code that needs
306	UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
307	systems where the define is not present can check against
308	__FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
309
310	The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
311	in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
312	with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
313	a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
314	will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
315	are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
316
31720110103:
318	If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
319	the following warning:
320	"Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
321	unknown.  config(8) likely too old."
322	or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
323	to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
324	stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
325	install it on your system.
326
327	Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
328	between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
329	error in the first kernel build phase.  A new config on those old
330	systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
331
33220101228:
333	The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
334	it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
335	control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
336	rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
337	be recompiled.
338
33920101114:
340	Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
341	added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
342	with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
343	to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations.  This
344	means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
345	support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
346	media option.  This was implemented in the generic support that way in
347	order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
348	with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
349	from unwanted effects.  Consequently, if you used flow control with
350	one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
351	it, for example via:
352		ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
353
354	Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
355	1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
356	e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
357	advantage of it.  This means that these drivers now no longer take the
358	link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
359	has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
360		ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
361
362	Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
363	drivers supporting 1000baseT.
364
36520101111:
366	The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
367	modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
368	congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
369	space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
370	sockstat) need to be recompiled.
371
37220101002:
373	The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
374	uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
375	migrate local entries to the new format.
376
37720100928:
378	The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
379	new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
380	upstream sshd.
381
38220100915:
383	A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
384	so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
385	revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
386	on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
387	A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
388	set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
389
39020100913:
391	The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
392	$ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
393
394	The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
395	address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8).  A value
396	"ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified.  The
397	default is "AUTO".
398
399	The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
400	flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
401	corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line.  The default is "NO" for
402	security reason.  If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
403	interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
404
405	The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
406	ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
407	ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
408
40920100913:
410	DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
411	now i386 and amd64 only.
412	dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
413	kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
414	No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
415	userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
416	'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
417	to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
418
41920100725:
420	The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
421	aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
422
42320100722:
424	BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
425	default.  It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
426	less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
427	However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
428	noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
429	but not significant.  The reason is complex, the most important factor
430	is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
431	overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally.  Future work
432	on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
433	users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
434	setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
435
43620100713:
437	Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
438	configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
439	    machine powerpc powerpc
440
441	In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
442	after this change.
443
44420100713:
445	A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
446	This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
447	zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
448	For full functionality of these commands the following port must
449	be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
450
45120100429:
452	'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
453	Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
454	time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
455	of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
456	and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
457
45820100402:
459	WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
460	are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
461	affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
462	compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
463	WITH_CTF=yes").
464	When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
465	so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
466	to unwanted behavior.
467
46820100311:
469	The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
470	to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
471	configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
472	be modified accordingly.
473
47420100113:
475	The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
476	the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
477	Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
478	making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
479	The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
480	last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
481
482	All applications in the base system use utmpx.  This means only
483	local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
484	utmp database files.  These applications must be rebuilt to make
485	use of utmpx.
486
487	After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
488	log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
489	assuming their contents is of no importance anymore.  Old wtmp
490	databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
491	been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
492
49320100108:
494	Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
495	via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
496	sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
497
49820091202:
499	The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
500	rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
501	According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
502	variables are obsoleted.  Instead, the following new rc
503	variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
504
505		firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
506		firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
507		firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
508
509	The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
510
51120091125:
512	8.0-RELEASE.
513
51420091113:
515	The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
516	from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98.  This means
517	that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
518	operation of applications on the console.
519
520	The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
521	vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag.  The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
522	options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
523	cons25.
524
525	To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
526	variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
527	performed by syscons(4).
528
52920091109:
530	The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
531	Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
532	from net80211 need to be recompiled.
533
534	Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
535	build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
536	new structure.
537
53820091025:
539	The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
540	There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
541	to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
542	images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
543	your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
544	iwn5150fw.
545
54620090926:
547	The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
548	into rc.d/netif.  The changes are the following:
549
550	1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
551	   for IPv4.  For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
552	   Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
553
554	   Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
555	   understand what you are doing.  It is not needed in most cases.
556
557	   $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
558	   they are obsolete.
559
560	2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete.  Use $ipv6_prefer and
561	   "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
562
563	   If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
564	   all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
565	   $ifconfig_IF_ipv6.  These are for backward compatibility.
566
567	3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added.  If NO, IPv6
568	   functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
569	   $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
570	   and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
571	   is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
572	   Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
573	   disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
574	   using ifconfig(8) like:
575
576		ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
577
578	   If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
579	   IPv6-preferred.
580
581	   The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
582
583	4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
584	   define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6.  The rc(8)
585	   scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
586	   UP.  The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
587	   (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
588
58920090922:
590	802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
591	previous code, which was based on D3.0.
592
59320090912:
594	A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
595	of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
596	control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
597	Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
598	a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
599	The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
600
60120090910:
602	ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
603	mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
604
60520090825:
606	The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
607	hw.bus.devctl_queue.  hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
608	replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0.  The default for this new tunable
609	is 1000.
610
61120090813:
612	Remove the option STOP_NMI.  The default action is now to use NMI only
613	for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
614	maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
615
61620090803:
617	The stable/8 branch created in subversion.  This corresponds to the
618	RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
619
62020090719:
621	Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
622	use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.  Bump
623	__FreeBSD_version to 800105.
624
62520090714:
626	Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
627	all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.  As this change
628	breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
629
63020090713:
631	The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
632	struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
633	The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
634	needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
635	the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
636
63720090712:
638	Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
639	<netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
640	maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
641	__FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
642	any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
643
64420090630:
645	The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
646	RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
647	may need to be adjusted.
648
64920090629:
650	The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
651	removed.  All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
652	routing sockets.  The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
653	with routing sockets.
654
65520090628:
656	The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
657	FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
658	the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
659
66020090624:
661	The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
662	changed.  As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
663	options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to
664	800100.
665
66620090622:
667	Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
668	moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled.  Bump
669	__FreeBSD_version to 800099.
670
67120090619:
672	NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
673	respectively.  As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
674	no changes should be visible.  When more than 16 groups are used, old
675	binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
676	statically sized storage.  Recompiling will work around this, but
677	applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
678	for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
679	number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
680
681	NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
682	truncated to 16.  Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
683	take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
684	file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
685	authentication method is used.
686
68720090616:
688	The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.  This
689	option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
690	which want to enable it.  The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
691	LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
692	spinning when both held in write and read mode.
693
69420090613:
695	The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
696	changed.  User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
697
69820090611:
699	The layout of struct thread has changed.  Kernel and modules need to
700	be rebuilt.
701
70220090608:
703	The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
704	Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
705
70620090602:
707	window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
708	installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
709
71020090601:
711	The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
712	changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
713	re-compiled.
714
71520090601:
716	A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8.  Network
717	file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
718	rebuilt.
719	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
720
72120090530:
722	Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
723	more valid.
724
72520090530:
726	Add VOP_ACCESSX(9).  File system modules need to be rebuilt.
727	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
728
72920090529:
730	Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'.  File system modules need to be
731	rebuilt.
732	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
733
73420090528:
735	The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
736	introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
737	The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
738	SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
739	been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
740	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
741
74220090527:
743	Add support for hierarchical jails.  Remove global securelevel.
744	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
745
74620090523:
747	The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
748	need to be rebuilt.
749	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
750
75120090523:
752	The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
753	run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
754
75520090520:
756	The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
757	hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
758
75920090520:
760	802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
761	Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
762	of DLT_IEEE802_11.  No user-visible data structures were changed but
763	applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
764	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
765
76620090430:
767	The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
768	socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
769	vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw.  Most modules need to be rebuild or
770	panics may be experienced.  World rebuild is required for
771	correctly checking networking state from userland.
772	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
773
77420090429:
775	MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
776	to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
777	The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
778	follows the IPv4 implementation.
779
780	For kernel developers:
781
782	* The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
783	  ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
784	  and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
785
786	* As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
787	  of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
788	  protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
789	  SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
790
791	* The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
792	  the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
793	   * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
794	   * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
795	     are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
796	   * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
797	   * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
798	     for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
799	     jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
800	     multicast membership on-link.
801	   * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
802	     its report transmissions.  However, the 'timer' argument is
803	     preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
804
805	* The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
806	  been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
807	  stack.
808	  Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
809	  internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
810	  semantics.
811
812	* There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
813	  acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
814	  Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
815	  implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
816
817	For application developers:
818
819	* The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
820	  stack.
821
822	* The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
823	  socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
824
825	* There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
826	  IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
827	  before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
828	  use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
829
830	* The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
831	  API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
832	  using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
833	  please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
834	  Multicast Source Filters'.
835
836	* Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
837
838	For systems administrators:
839
840	* The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
841	  addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
842	  as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
843	  will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
844	  returned by getifaddrs(3).
845
846	* The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
847	  endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
848
849	* The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
850	  loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
851	  to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
852	  recommended for optimal system performance.
853
854	* The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
855	  instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
856	  back forwarded datagrams.
857
858	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
859
86020090422:
861	Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
862	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
863
86420090419:
865	The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
866	memory allocation types, has changed.  Most modules will need to
867	be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
868	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
869
87020090415:
871	Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
872	This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
873	state will require a world rebuild.
874	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
875
87620090415:
877	Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
878	embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
879	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
880
88120090414:
882	The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
883	Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
884	The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
885	of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
886	load balancing.
887	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
888
88920090408:
890	Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
891	apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
892	re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
893	kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
894	not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
895	low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
896	interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
897	mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
898
89920090407:
900	The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
901	kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
902	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
903
90420090320:
905	GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
906	replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
907	introduces some changes:
908
909	MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
910	(EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
911	to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
912
913	BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
914	cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
915	disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
916	top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
917
918	General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
919	whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
920	systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
921	the "386BSD" type).
922
923	Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
924
92520090319:
926	The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
927	Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
928	(supported by sane).
929
93020090319:
931	The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
932	only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
933	The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
934	ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
935	compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
936
93720090315:
938	Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
939	removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
940	longer supported.  In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
941	drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
942	used.
943
94420090313:
945	POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
946	a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
947	This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
948	they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
949
95020090313:
951	The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
952	support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
953
95420090309:
955	IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
956	to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
957
958	For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
959	ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
960	and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
961
962	Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
963	inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
964	filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
965	Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
966	multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
967	as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
968	low-level input path.  in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
969	to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
970
971	For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
972	multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
973	will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
974	datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
975	be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
976	to preserve the existing behaviour.
977
978	For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
979	multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
980	that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
981	collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
982	transport protocol input path to check group membership.
983
984	If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
985	it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
986	enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
987	via IGMP.
988
989	The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
990	recompiled to reflect this.
991	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
992
99320090309:
994	libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
995	updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
996	update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
997	rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
998	in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
999	libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1000
100120090302:
1002	A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1003	memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1004	Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1005	of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1006	wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1007	raised to allow such segments to be created.
1008
100920090301:
1010	The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1011	network device driver modules.
1012
101320090227:
1014	The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1015	buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1016
101720090223:
1018	The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1019	module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1020	ums, ...).  The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1021	with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1022	Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1023	apply.
1024
102520090217:
1026	The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1027	defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1028	customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1029	use the new name.
1030
103120090216:
1032	xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1033	yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1034	add
1035		Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1036	to your ServerLayout section.  This will cause X to use the configured
1037	kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1038
103920090215:
1040	The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1041	stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1042	problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1043	stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1044	that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1045	eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1046
1047	Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1048	redirected to the new stack's libusb20.  /etc/libmap.conf can
1049	be used for this:
1050		# Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1051		libusb-0.1.so.8	libusb20.so.1
1052
105320090209:
1054	All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1055	(eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1056	change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1057
105820090203:
1059	The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1060	addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1061	All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1062	slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1063	same interface.
1064
106520090201:
1066	INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1067	netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1068
106920090119:
1070	NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1071	GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1072	will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1073	actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1074	level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1075	"options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1076
107720090115:
1078	TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1079	New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1080	800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1081	tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1082
108320081225:
1084	ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1085	Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1086	New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1087	in next mpd5.3 release.
1088
108920081219:
1090	With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1091	the base system (it was a port).
1092
109320081216:
1094	The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1095	rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1096
109720081214:
1098	__FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1099	RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1100	The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1101	architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1102	applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1103	The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1104	none of the L2 information.
1105
110620081130:
1107	__FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1108	binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1109
1110	options	AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1111
1112	to their kernel config files when specifying:
1113
1114	device	ath_hal
1115
1116	The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1117	together with the driver in the ath module.  It is now
1118	possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1119	and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1120
112120081121:
1122	__FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1123	<machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1124	multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1125	them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1126	enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1127	packets.
1128
112920081117:
1130	A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1131	This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1132	default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1133	and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1134
113520081028:
1136	dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1137
113820081009:
1139	The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1140	been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1141	separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1142	appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1143	controller add the following to loader.conf:
1144
1145		uhci_load="YES"
1146		ehci_load="YES"
1147
114820081009:
1149	The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed.  Please keep
1150	userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1151	sync.
1152
115320081009:
1154	atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1155	driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1156	All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1157	ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1158	atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1159	atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1160	atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1161
116220080820:
1163	The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1164	implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1165	improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1166	the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1167	drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1168
1169	PCI/ISA:
1170		cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1171
1172	USB:
1173		ubser, ucycom
1174
1175	Line disciplines:
1176		ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1177
1178	Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1179	cause compilation to fail.
1180
118120080818:
1182	ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
1183
118420080801:
1185	OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
1186
1187	For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
1188	over RSA for host and user authentication keys.  With this
1189	upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
1190	DSA.  This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
1191	host keys even for previously known hosts.  Users should
1192	follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
1193	accepting the RSA key.
1194
1195	This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
1196	option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
1197	command line.
1198
1199	Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
1200	authentication has been changed as well.  You may want to
1201	specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
1202	behavior.
1203
120420080713:
1205	The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
1206	kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
1207	default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
1208
1209	To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
1210	uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
1211	onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
1212	instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
1213	use the new device names.
1214
1215	When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
1216	/boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
1217	If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
1218	at the loader prompt:
1219
1220		set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
1221		set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
1222		set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
1223		set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
1224		boot -s
1225
122620080609:
1227	The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
1228	disks instead.
1229
123020080603:
1231	The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
1232	to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
1233	please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
1234	if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
1235
123620080525:
1237	ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
1238	update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
1239
124020080509:
1241	I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
1242	See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
1243	This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
1244	but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
1245	with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
1246
124720080420:
1248	The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
1249	operation on devices that are capable.  The underlying device
1250	is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
1251	cloned with ifconfig.  This requires changes to rc.conf files.
1252	For example, change:
1253		ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
1254	to
1255		wlans_ath0=wlan0
1256		ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
1257	see rc.conf(5) for more details.  In addition, mergemaster of
1258	/etc/rc.d is highly recommended.  Simultaneous update of userland
1259	and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
1260
1261	As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
1262	modules were merged into the base wlan module.  All references
1263	to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
1264
126520080408:
1266	psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
1267	Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
1268	be read back from it.  Therefore, an application is responsible
1269	for status validation and error recovery.  It is a no-op in
1270	other operation levels.
1271
127220080312:
1273	Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel.  To
1274	run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
1275	be used.  The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
1276	compatibility with any prior release:
1277
1278	libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
1279	libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
1280	libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
1281
128220080301:
1283	The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
1284	and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
1285	kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
1286	it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
1287	The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
1288	nonetheless.
1289
129020080229:
1291	The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
1292	82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
1293	split was done to make new features that are incompatible
1294	with older hardware easier to do.
1295
129620080220:
1297	The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
1298	likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
1299
130020080211:
1301	The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
1302	increased reliability.  If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
1303	mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
1304	firewall rules.
1305
130620080208:
1307	Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
1308	mbuf chains.
1309
131020080126:
1311	The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
1312	integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
1313	with huge file trees.  The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
1314	through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
1315	using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
1316	advantage of the extended types.  At the same time, some
1317	third-party software might fail to build after this change
1318	due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
1319	fts(3) structure members.  Such software should be fixed
1320	by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
1321	FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
1322	case that a portable fix is impossible.
1323
132420080123:
1325	To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
1326	FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE.  Upgrading to -current
1327	from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
1328
132920071128:
1330	The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
1331	functionality is the default now.
1332
133320071118:
1334	The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
1335	by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
1336	keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
1337	to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
1338	by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
1339
1340	Option	"XkbLayout" "us"
1341	Option	"XkbRules" "xorg"
1342	Option	"XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
1343
134420071024:
1345	It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
1346	backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
1347	PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
1348	broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
1349	20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
1350	PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
1351	provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
1352	IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
1353	again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
1354	nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
1355	however.
1356
135720071020:
1358	The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
1359	to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
1360	used kproc_start()..
1361	I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
1362	with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
1363	Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
1364
136520071010:
1366	RELENG_7 branched.
1367
1368COMMON ITEMS:
1369
1370	General Notes
1371	-------------
1372	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  While generally safe, there are
1373	sometimes problems using -j to upgrade.  If your upgrade fails with
1374	-j, please try again without -j.  From time to time in the past there
1375	have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld.  This
1376	is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1377	that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1378	several months have passed on the -current branch).
1379
1380	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1381	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1382	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1383	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1384	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1385
1386	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
1387	to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
1388	then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
1389	path, and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try
1390	this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
1391
1392	ZFS notes
1393	---------
1394	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1395	these two steps:
1396
1397	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1398	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1399
1400	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1401
1402	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1403	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1404	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1405
1406	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1407
1408	To build a kernel
1409	-----------------
1410	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1411	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1412	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1413
1414	make kernel-toolchain
1415	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1416	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1417
1418	To test a kernel once
1419	---------------------
1420	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1421	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1422	debugging information) run
1423	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1424	nextboot -k testkernel
1425
1426	To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1427	--------------------------------------------------------------
1428	This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system.  Replace
1429	${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1430	"arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
1431
1432	cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1433	config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1434	cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1435	make depend
1436	make
1437	make install
1438
1439	If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1440
1441	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1442	-----------------------------------------------------------
1443	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1444	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1445
1446	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1447	make buildworld
1448	make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1449							[1]
1450	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1451	mergemaster -p					[5]
1452	make installworld
1453	mergemaster -i					[4]
1454	make delete-old					[6]
1455	<reboot>
1456
1457
1458	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1459	--------------------------------------------------
1460	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1461	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1462	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1463	# size.
1464
1465	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1466	<boot into -stable>
1467	make buildworld
1468	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1469	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1470	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1471	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1472	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1473	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1474	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1475	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1476	<reboot into current>
1477	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1478	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1479	<reboot>
1480
1481
1482	To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current
1483	----------------------------------------------
1484	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1485	make buildworld					[9]
1486	make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE		[8]
1487							[1]
1488	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1489	mergemaster -p					[5]
1490	make installworld
1491	mergemaster -i					[4]
1492	make delete-old					[6]
1493	<reboot>
1494
1495	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1496	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1497	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1498	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1499	the UPDATING entries.
1500
1501	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1502	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
1503	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1504	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1505	much fewer pitfalls.
1506
1507	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1508	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1509	system on reboot.
1510
1511	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1512		fsck -p
1513		mount -u /
1514		mount -a
1515		cd src
1516		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
1517	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1518	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1519
1520	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
1521	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1522	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1523	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1524	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1525	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
1526	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1527
1528	[5] Usually this step is a noop.  However, from time to time
1529	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1530	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
1531	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1532	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1533	from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1534
1535	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1536	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1537	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1538
1539	[8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
1540	do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
1541	your kernel.  Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1542	hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
1543	required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.  And so on
1544	for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
1545
1546	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1547	last time you updated your kernel config file.
1548
1549	[9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1550	cvs prune empty directories.
1551
1552	If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1553	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1554	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1555
1556	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1557	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
1558	warn if it is improperly defined.
1559FORMAT:
1560
1561This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1562breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1563list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
1564If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1565to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1566
1567Copyright information:
1568
1569Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh.  All Rights Reserved.
1570
1571Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1572modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1573document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1574
1575THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1576IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1577WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1578DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1579INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1580(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1581SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1582HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1583STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1584IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1585POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1586
1587Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
1588this document.
1589
1590$FreeBSD$
1591