1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 23 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 24 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 25 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 26 2720120417: 28 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 29 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 30 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 31 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 32 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 33 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 34 NAMESPACE section). 35 3620120328: 37 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 38 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 39 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 40 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 41 settings are unchanged. 42 4320120306: 44 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 45 platforms. 46 4720120229: 48 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 49 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 50 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 51 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 52 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 53 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 54 5520120211: 56 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 57 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 58 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 59 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 60 comes from 20111215. 61 6220120114: 63 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 64 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 65 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 66 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 67 68 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 69 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 70 7120120109: 72 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 73 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 74 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 75 tunable/sysctl. 76 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 77 7820111215: 79 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 80 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 81 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 82 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 83 not supported anymore. 84 85 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 86 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 87 need to be recompiled. 88 8920111122: 90 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 91 /dev/wmistat0. 92 9320111108: 94 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 95 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 96 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 97 time. 98 9920111101: 100 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 101 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 102 10320110930: 104 sysinstall has been removed 105 10620110923: 107 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 108 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 109 11020110913: 111 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 112 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 113 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 114 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 115 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 116 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 117 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 118 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 119 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 120 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 121 12220110828: 123 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 124 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 125 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 126 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 127 12820110815: 129 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 130 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 131 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 132 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 133 134 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 135 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 136 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 137 13820110628: 139 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 140 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 141 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 142 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 143 14420110608: 145 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 146 machdep.hlt_cpus 147 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 148 The following sysctl is retired: 149 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 150 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 151 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 152 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 153 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 154 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 155 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 156 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 157 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 158 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 159 a default scheduler. 160 16120110607: 162 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 163 a mask of CPUs. 164 16520110531: 166 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 167 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 168 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 169 world. 170 17120110513: 172 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 173 17420110503: 175 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 176 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 177 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 178 drivers need to be recompiled. 179 180 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 181 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 182 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 183 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 184 branches. 185 18620110430: 187 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 188 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 189 19020110427: 191 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 192 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 193 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 194 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 195 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 196 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 197 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 198 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 199 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 200 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 201 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 202 203 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 204 205 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 206 a diskless root fs use the old client. 207 20820110424: 209 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 210 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 211 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 212 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 213 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 214 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 215 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 216 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 217 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 218 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 219 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 220 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 221 222 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 223 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 224 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 225 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 226 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 227 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 228 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 229 them are parts of the cam module. 230 231 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 232 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 233 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 234 235 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 236 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 237 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 238 options ATA_CAM 239 device ahci 240 device mvs 241 device siis 242 , and instead add back: 243 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 244 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 245 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 246 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 247 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 248 24920110423: 250 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 251 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 252 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 253 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 254 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 255 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 256 25720110418: 258 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 259 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 260 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 261 26220110331: 263 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 264 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 265 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 266 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 267 in order to use ath on everything else. 268 269 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 270 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 271 27220110314: 273 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 274 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 275 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 276 27720110218: 278 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 279 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 280 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 281 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 282 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 283 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 284 28520110218: 286 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 287 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 288 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 289 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 290 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 291 authentication). 292 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 293 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 294 29520110207: 296 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 297 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 298 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 299 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 300 The function remains undocumented. 301 30220110112: 303 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 304 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 305 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 306 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 307 systems where the define is not present can check against 308 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 309 310 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 311 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 312 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 313 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 314 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 315 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 316 31720110103: 318 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 319 the following warning: 320 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 321 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 322 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 323 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 324 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 325 install it on your system. 326 327 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 328 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 329 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 330 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 331 33220101228: 333 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 334 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 335 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 336 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 337 be recompiled. 338 33920101114: 340 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 341 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 342 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 343 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 344 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 345 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 346 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 347 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 348 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 349 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 350 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 351 it, for example via: 352 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 353 354 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 355 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 356 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 357 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 358 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 359 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 360 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 361 362 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 363 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 364 36520101111: 366 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 367 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 368 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 369 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 370 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 371 37220101002: 373 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 374 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 375 migrate local entries to the new format. 376 37720100928: 378 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 379 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 380 upstream sshd. 381 38220100915: 383 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 384 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 385 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 386 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 387 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 388 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 389 39020100913: 391 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 392 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 393 394 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 395 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 396 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 397 default is "AUTO". 398 399 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 400 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 401 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 402 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 403 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 404 405 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 406 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 407 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 408 40920100913: 410 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 411 now i386 and amd64 only. 412 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 413 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 414 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 415 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 416 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 417 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 418 41920100725: 420 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 421 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 422 42320100722: 424 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 425 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 426 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 427 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 428 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 429 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 430 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 431 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 432 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 433 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 434 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 435 43620100713: 437 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 438 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 439 machine powerpc powerpc 440 441 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 442 after this change. 443 44420100713: 445 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 446 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 447 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 448 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 449 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 450 45120100429: 452 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 453 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 454 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 455 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 456 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 457 45820100402: 459 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 460 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 461 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 462 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 463 WITH_CTF=yes"). 464 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 465 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 466 to unwanted behavior. 467 46820100311: 469 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 470 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 471 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 472 be modified accordingly. 473 47420100113: 475 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 476 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 477 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 478 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 479 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 480 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 481 482 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 483 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 484 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 485 use of utmpx. 486 487 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 488 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 489 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 490 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 491 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 492 49320100108: 494 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 495 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 496 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 497 49820091202: 499 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 500 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 501 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 502 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 503 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 504 505 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 506 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 507 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 508 509 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 510 51120091125: 512 8.0-RELEASE. 513 51420091113: 515 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 516 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 517 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 518 operation of applications on the console. 519 520 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 521 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 522 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 523 cons25. 524 525 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 526 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 527 performed by syscons(4). 528 52920091109: 530 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 531 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 532 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 533 534 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 535 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 536 new structure. 537 53820091025: 539 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 540 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 541 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 542 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 543 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 544 iwn5150fw. 545 54620090926: 547 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 548 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 549 550 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 551 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 552 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 553 554 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 555 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 556 557 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 558 they are obsolete. 559 560 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 561 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 562 563 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 564 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 565 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 566 567 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 568 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 569 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 570 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 571 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 572 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 573 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 574 using ifconfig(8) like: 575 576 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 577 578 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 579 IPv6-preferred. 580 581 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 582 583 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 584 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 585 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 586 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 587 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 588 58920090922: 590 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 591 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 592 59320090912: 594 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 595 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 596 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 597 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 598 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 599 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 600 60120090910: 602 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 603 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 604 60520090825: 606 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 607 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 608 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 609 is 1000. 610 61120090813: 612 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 613 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 614 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 615 61620090803: 617 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 618 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 619 62020090719: 621 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 622 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 623 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 624 62520090714: 626 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 627 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 628 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 629 63020090713: 631 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 632 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 633 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 634 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 635 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 636 63720090712: 638 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 639 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 640 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 641 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 642 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 643 64420090630: 645 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 646 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 647 may need to be adjusted. 648 64920090629: 650 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 651 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 652 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 653 with routing sockets. 654 65520090628: 656 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 657 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 658 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 659 66020090624: 661 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 662 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 663 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 664 800100. 665 66620090622: 667 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 668 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 669 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 670 67120090619: 672 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 673 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 674 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 675 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 676 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 677 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 678 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 679 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 680 681 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 682 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 683 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 684 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 685 authentication method is used. 686 68720090616: 688 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 689 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 690 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 691 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 692 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 693 69420090613: 695 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 696 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 697 69820090611: 699 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 700 be rebuilt. 701 70220090608: 703 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 704 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 705 70620090602: 707 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 708 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 709 71020090601: 711 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 712 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 713 re-compiled. 714 71520090601: 716 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 717 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 718 rebuilt. 719 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 720 72120090530: 722 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 723 more valid. 724 72520090530: 726 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 727 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 728 72920090529: 730 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 731 rebuilt. 732 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 733 73420090528: 735 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 736 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 737 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 738 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 739 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 740 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 741 74220090527: 743 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 744 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 745 74620090523: 747 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 748 need to be rebuilt. 749 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 750 75120090523: 752 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 753 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 754 75520090520: 756 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 757 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 758 75920090520: 760 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 761 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 762 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 763 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 764 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 765 76620090430: 767 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 768 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 769 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 770 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 771 correctly checking networking state from userland. 772 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 773 77420090429: 775 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 776 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 777 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 778 follows the IPv4 implementation. 779 780 For kernel developers: 781 782 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 783 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 784 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 785 786 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 787 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 788 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 789 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 790 791 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 792 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 793 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 794 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 795 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 796 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 797 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 798 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 799 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 800 multicast membership on-link. 801 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 802 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 803 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 804 805 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 806 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 807 stack. 808 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 809 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 810 semantics. 811 812 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 813 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 814 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 815 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 816 817 For application developers: 818 819 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 820 stack. 821 822 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 823 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 824 825 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 826 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 827 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 828 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 829 830 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 831 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 832 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 833 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 834 Multicast Source Filters'. 835 836 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 837 838 For systems administrators: 839 840 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 841 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 842 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 843 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 844 returned by getifaddrs(3). 845 846 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 847 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 848 849 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 850 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 851 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 852 recommended for optimal system performance. 853 854 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 855 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 856 back forwarded datagrams. 857 858 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 859 86020090422: 861 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 862 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 863 86420090419: 865 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 866 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 867 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 868 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 869 87020090415: 871 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 872 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 873 state will require a world rebuild. 874 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 875 87620090415: 877 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 878 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 879 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 880 88120090414: 882 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 883 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 884 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 885 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 886 load balancing. 887 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 888 88920090408: 890 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 891 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 892 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 893 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 894 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 895 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 896 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 897 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 898 89920090407: 900 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 901 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 902 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 903 90420090320: 905 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 906 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 907 introduces some changes: 908 909 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 910 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 911 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 912 913 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 914 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 915 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 916 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 917 918 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 919 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 920 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 921 the "386BSD" type). 922 923 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 924 92520090319: 926 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 927 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 928 (supported by sane). 929 93020090319: 931 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 932 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 933 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 934 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 935 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 936 93720090315: 938 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 939 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 940 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 941 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 942 used. 943 94420090313: 945 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 946 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 947 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 948 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 949 95020090313: 951 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 952 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 953 95420090309: 955 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 956 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 957 958 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 959 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 960 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 961 962 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 963 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 964 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 965 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 966 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 967 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 968 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 969 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 970 971 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 972 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 973 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 974 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 975 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 976 to preserve the existing behaviour. 977 978 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 979 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 980 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 981 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 982 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 983 984 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 985 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 986 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 987 via IGMP. 988 989 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 990 recompiled to reflect this. 991 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 992 99320090309: 994 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 995 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 996 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 997 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 998 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 999 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 1000 100120090302: 1002 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 1003 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 1004 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 1005 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 1006 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 1007 raised to allow such segments to be created. 1008 100920090301: 1010 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 1011 network device driver modules. 1012 101320090227: 1014 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 1015 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 1016 101720090223: 1018 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 1019 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 1020 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 1021 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 1022 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 1023 apply. 1024 102520090217: 1026 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 1027 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 1028 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 1029 use the new name. 1030 103120090216: 1032 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 1033 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 1034 add 1035 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 1036 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 1037 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 1038 103920090215: 1040 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 1041 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 1042 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 1043 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 1044 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 1045 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 1046 1047 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 1048 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 1049 be used for this: 1050 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 1051 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 1052 105320090209: 1054 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 1055 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 1056 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 1057 105820090203: 1059 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 1060 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 1061 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 1062 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 1063 same interface. 1064 106520090201: 1066 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 1067 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 1068 106920090119: 1070 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 1071 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 1072 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 1073 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1074 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1075 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1076 107720090115: 1078 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1079 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1080 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1081 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1082 108320081225: 1084 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1085 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1086 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1087 in next mpd5.3 release. 1088 108920081219: 1090 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1091 the base system (it was a port). 1092 109320081216: 1094 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1095 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1096 109720081214: 1098 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1099 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1100 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1101 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1102 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1103 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1104 none of the L2 information. 1105 110620081130: 1107 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1108 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1109 1110 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1111 1112 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1113 1114 device ath_hal 1115 1116 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1117 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1118 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1119 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1120 112120081121: 1122 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1123 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1124 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1125 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1126 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1127 packets. 1128 112920081117: 1130 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1131 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1132 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1133 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1134 113520081028: 1136 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1137 113820081009: 1139 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1140 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1141 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1142 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1143 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1144 1145 uhci_load="YES" 1146 ehci_load="YES" 1147 114820081009: 1149 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1150 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1151 sync. 1152 115320081009: 1154 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1155 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1156 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1157 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1158 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1159 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1160 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1161 116220080820: 1163 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1164 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1165 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1166 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1167 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1168 1169 PCI/ISA: 1170 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1171 1172 USB: 1173 ubser, ucycom 1174 1175 Line disciplines: 1176 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1177 1178 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1179 cause compilation to fail. 1180 118120080818: 1182 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1183 118420080801: 1185 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1186 1187 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1188 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1189 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1190 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1191 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1192 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1193 accepting the RSA key. 1194 1195 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1196 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1197 command line. 1198 1199 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1200 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1201 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1202 behavior. 1203 120420080713: 1205 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1206 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1207 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1208 1209 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1210 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1211 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1212 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1213 use the new device names. 1214 1215 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1216 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1217 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1218 at the loader prompt: 1219 1220 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1221 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1222 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1223 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1224 boot -s 1225 122620080609: 1227 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1228 disks instead. 1229 123020080603: 1231 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1232 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1233 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1234 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1235 123620080525: 1237 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1238 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1239 124020080509: 1241 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1242 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1243 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1244 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1245 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1246 124720080420: 1248 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1249 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1250 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1251 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1252 For example, change: 1253 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1254 to 1255 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1256 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1257 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1258 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1259 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1260 1261 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1262 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1263 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1264 126520080408: 1266 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1267 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1268 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1269 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1270 other operation levels. 1271 127220080312: 1273 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1274 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1275 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1276 compatibility with any prior release: 1277 1278 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1279 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1280 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1281 128220080301: 1283 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1284 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1285 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1286 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1287 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1288 nonetheless. 1289 129020080229: 1291 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1292 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1293 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1294 with older hardware easier to do. 1295 129620080220: 1297 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1298 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1299 130020080211: 1301 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1302 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1303 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1304 firewall rules. 1305 130620080208: 1307 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1308 mbuf chains. 1309 131020080126: 1311 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1312 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1313 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1314 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1315 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1316 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1317 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1318 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1319 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1320 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1321 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1322 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1323 132420080123: 1325 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1326 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1327 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1328 132920071128: 1330 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1331 functionality is the default now. 1332 133320071118: 1334 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1335 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1336 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1337 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1338 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1339 1340 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1341 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1342 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1343 134420071024: 1345 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1346 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1347 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1348 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1349 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1350 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1351 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1352 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1353 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1354 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1355 however. 1356 135720071020: 1358 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1359 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1360 used kproc_start().. 1361 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1362 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1363 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1364 136520071010: 1366 RELENG_7 branched. 1367 1368COMMON ITEMS: 1369 1370 General Notes 1371 ------------- 1372 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1373 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1374 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1375 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1376 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1377 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1378 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1379 1380 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1381 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1382 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1383 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1384 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1385 1386 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1387 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1388 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1389 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1390 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1391 1392 ZFS notes 1393 --------- 1394 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1395 these two steps: 1396 1397 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1398 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1399 1400 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1401 1402 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1403 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1404 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1405 1406 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1407 1408 To build a kernel 1409 ----------------- 1410 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1411 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1412 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1413 1414 make kernel-toolchain 1415 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1416 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1417 1418 To test a kernel once 1419 --------------------- 1420 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1421 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1422 debugging information) run 1423 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1424 nextboot -k testkernel 1425 1426 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1427 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1428 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1429 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1430 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1431 1432 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1433 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1434 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1435 make depend 1436 make 1437 make install 1438 1439 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1440 1441 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1442 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1443 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1444 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1445 1446 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1447 make buildworld 1448 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1449 [1] 1450 <reboot in single user> [3] 1451 mergemaster -p [5] 1452 make installworld 1453 mergemaster -i [4] 1454 make delete-old [6] 1455 <reboot> 1456 1457 1458 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1459 -------------------------------------------------- 1460 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1461 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1462 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1463 # size. 1464 1465 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1466 <boot into -stable> 1467 make buildworld 1468 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1469 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1470 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1471 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1472 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1473 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1474 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1475 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1476 <reboot into current> 1477 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1478 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1479 <reboot> 1480 1481 1482 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1483 ---------------------------------------------- 1484 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1485 make buildworld [9] 1486 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1487 [1] 1488 <reboot in single user> [3] 1489 mergemaster -p [5] 1490 make installworld 1491 mergemaster -i [4] 1492 make delete-old [6] 1493 <reboot> 1494 1495 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1496 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1497 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1498 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1499 the UPDATING entries. 1500 1501 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1502 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1503 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1504 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1505 much fewer pitfalls. 1506 1507 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1508 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1509 system on reboot. 1510 1511 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1512 fsck -p 1513 mount -u / 1514 mount -a 1515 cd src 1516 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1517 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1518 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1519 1520 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1521 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1522 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1523 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1524 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1525 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1526 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1527 1528 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1529 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1530 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1531 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1532 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1533 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1534 1535 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1536 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1537 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1538 1539 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1540 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1541 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1542 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1543 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1544 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1545 1546 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1547 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1548 1549 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1550 cvs prune empty directories. 1551 1552 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1553 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1554 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1555 1556 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1557 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1558 warn if it is improperly defined. 1559FORMAT: 1560 1561This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1562breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1563list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1564If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1565to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1566 1567Copyright information: 1568 1569Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1570 1571Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1572modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1573document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1574 1575THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1576IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1577WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1578DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1579INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1580(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1581SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1582HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1583STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1584IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1585POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1586 1587Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1588this document. 1589 1590$FreeBSD$ 1591