1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 25 2620100429: 27 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 28 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 29 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 30 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 31 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 32 3320100402: 34 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 35 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 36 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 37 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 38 WITH_CTF=yes"). 39 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 40 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 41 to unwanted behavior. 42 4320100311: 44 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 45 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 46 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 47 be modified accordingly. 48 4920100113: 50 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 51 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 52 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 53 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 54 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 55 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 56 57 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 58 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 59 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 60 use of utmpx. 61 62 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 63 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 64 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 65 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 66 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 67 6820100108: 69 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 70 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 71 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 72 7320091202: 74 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 75 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 76 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 77 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 78 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 79 80 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 81 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 82 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 83 84 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 85 8620091113: 87 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 88 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 89 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 90 operation of applications on the console. 91 92 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 93 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 94 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 95 cons25. 96 97 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 98 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 99 performed by syscons(4). 100 10120091109: 102 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 103 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 104 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 105 106 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 107 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 108 new structure. 109 11020091025: 111 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 112 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 113 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 114 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 115 your wireless card, use the the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 116 iwn5150fw. 117 11820090926: 119 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 120 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 121 122 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 123 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 124 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 125 126 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 127 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 128 129 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 130 they are obsolete. 131 132 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 133 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 134 135 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 136 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 137 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 138 139 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 140 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 141 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 142 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 143 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 144 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 145 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 146 using ifconfig(8) like: 147 148 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 149 150 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 151 IPv6-preferred. 152 153 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 154 155 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 156 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 157 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 158 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 159 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 160 16120090922: 162 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 163 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 164 16520090912: 166 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 167 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 168 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 169 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 170 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 171 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 172 17320090910: 174 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 175 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 176 17720090825: 178 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 179 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 180 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 181 is 1000. 182 18320090813: 184 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 185 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 186 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 187 18820090803: 189 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 190 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 191 19220090719: 193 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 194 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 195 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 196 19720090714: 198 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 199 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 200 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 201 20220090713: 203 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 204 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 205 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 206 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 207 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 208 20920090712: 210 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 211 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 212 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 213 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 214 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 215 21620090630: 217 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 218 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 219 may need to be adjusted. 220 22120090629: 222 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 223 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 224 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 225 with routing sockets. 226 22720090628: 228 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 229 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 230 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 231 23220090624: 233 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 234 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 235 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 236 800100. 237 23820090622: 239 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 240 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 241 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 242 24320090619: 244 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 245 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 246 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 247 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 248 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 249 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 250 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 251 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 252 253 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 254 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 255 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 256 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 257 authentication method is used. 258 25920090616: 260 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 261 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 262 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 263 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 264 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 265 26620090613: 267 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 268 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 269 27020090611: 271 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 272 be rebuilt. 273 27420090608: 275 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 276 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 277 27820090602: 279 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 280 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 281 28220090601: 283 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 284 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 285 re-compiled. 286 28720090601: 288 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 289 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 290 rebuilt. 291 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 292 29320090530: 294 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 295 more valid. 296 29720090530: 298 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 299 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 300 30120090529: 302 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 303 rebuilt. 304 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 305 30620090528: 307 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 308 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 309 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 310 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 311 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 312 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 313 31420090527: 315 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 316 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 317 31820090523: 319 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 320 need to be rebuilt. 321 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 322 32320090523: 324 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 325 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 326 32720090520: 328 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 329 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 330 33120090520: 332 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 333 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 334 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 335 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 336 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 337 33820090430: 339 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 340 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 341 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 342 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 343 correctly checking networking state from userland. 344 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 345 34620090429: 347 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 348 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 349 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 350 follows the IPv4 implementation. 351 352 For kernel developers: 353 354 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 355 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 356 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 357 358 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 359 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 360 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 361 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 362 363 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 364 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 365 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 366 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 367 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 368 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 369 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 370 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 371 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 372 multicast membership on-link. 373 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 374 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 375 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 376 377 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 378 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 379 stack. 380 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 381 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 382 semantics. 383 384 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 385 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 386 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 387 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 388 389 For application developers: 390 391 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 392 stack. 393 394 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 395 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 396 397 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 398 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 399 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 400 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 401 402 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 403 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 404 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 405 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 406 Multicast Source Filters'. 407 408 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 409 410 For systems administrators: 411 412 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 413 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 414 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 415 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 416 returned by getifaddrs(3). 417 418 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 419 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 420 421 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 422 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 423 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 424 recommended for optimal system performance. 425 426 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 427 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 428 back forwarded datagrams. 429 430 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 431 43220090422: 433 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 434 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 435 43620090419: 437 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 438 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 439 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 440 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 441 44220090415: 443 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 444 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 445 state will require a world rebuild. 446 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 447 44820090415: 449 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 450 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 451 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 452 45320090414: 454 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 455 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 456 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 457 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 458 load balancing. 459 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 460 46120090408: 462 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 463 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 464 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 465 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 466 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 467 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 468 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 469 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 470 47120090407: 472 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 473 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 474 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 475 47620090320: 477 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 478 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 479 introduces some changes: 480 481 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 482 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 483 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 484 485 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 486 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 487 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 488 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 489 490 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 491 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 492 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 493 the "386BSD" type). 494 495 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 496 49720090319: 498 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 499 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 500 (supported by sane). 501 50220090319: 503 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 504 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 505 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 506 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 507 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 508 50920090315: 510 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 511 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 512 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 513 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 514 used. 515 51620090313: 517 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 518 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 519 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 520 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 521 52220090313: 523 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 524 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 525 52620090309: 527 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 528 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 529 530 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 531 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 532 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 533 534 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 535 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 536 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 537 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 538 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 539 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 540 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 541 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 542 543 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 544 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 545 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 546 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 547 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 548 to preserve the existing behaviour. 549 550 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 551 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 552 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 553 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 554 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 555 556 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 557 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 558 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 559 via IGMP. 560 561 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 562 recompiled to reflect this. 563 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 564 56520090309: 566 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 567 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 568 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 569 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 570 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 571 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 572 57320090302: 574 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 575 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 576 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 577 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 578 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 579 raised to allow such segments to be created. 580 58120090301: 582 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 583 network device driver modules. 584 58520090227: 586 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 587 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 588 58920090223: 590 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 591 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 592 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 593 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 594 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 595 apply. 596 59720090217: 598 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 599 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 600 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 601 use the new name. 602 60320090216: 604 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 605 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 606 add 607 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 608 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 609 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 610 61120090215: 612 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 613 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 614 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 615 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 616 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 617 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 618 619 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 620 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 621 be used for this: 622 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 623 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 624 62520090209: 626 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 627 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 628 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 629 63020090203: 631 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 632 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 633 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 634 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 635 same interface. 636 63720090201: 638 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 639 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 640 64120090119: 642 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 643 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 644 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 645 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 646 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 647 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 648 64920090115: 650 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 651 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 652 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 653 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 654 65520081225: 656 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 657 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 658 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 659 in next mpd5.3 release. 660 66120081219: 662 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 663 the base system (it was a port). 664 66520081216: 666 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 667 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 668 66920081214: 670 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 671 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 672 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 673 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 674 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 675 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 676 none of the L2 information. 677 67820081130: 679 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 680 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 681 682 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 683 684 to their kernel config files when specifying: 685 686 device ath_hal 687 688 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 689 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 690 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 691 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 692 69320081121: 694 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 695 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 696 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 697 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 698 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 699 packets. 700 70120081117: 702 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 703 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 704 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 705 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 706 70720081028: 708 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 709 71020081009: 711 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 712 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 713 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 714 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 715 controller add the following to loader.conf: 716 717 uhci_load="YES" 718 ehci_load="YES" 719 72020081009: 721 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 722 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 723 sync. 724 72520081009: 726 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 727 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 728 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 729 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 730 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 731 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 732 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 733 73420080820: 735 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 736 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 737 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 738 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 739 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 740 741 PCI/ISA: 742 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 743 744 USB: 745 ubser, ucycom 746 747 Line disciplines: 748 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 749 750 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 751 cause compilation to fail. 752 75320080818: 754 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 755 75620080801: 757 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 758 759 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 760 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 761 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 762 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 763 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 764 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 765 accepting the RSA key. 766 767 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 768 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 769 command line. 770 771 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 772 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 773 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 774 behavior. 775 77620080713: 777 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 778 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 779 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 780 781 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 782 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 783 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 784 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 785 use the new device names. 786 787 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 788 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 789 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 790 at the loader prompt: 791 792 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 793 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 794 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 795 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 796 boot -s 797 79820080609: 799 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 800 disks instead. 801 80220080603: 803 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 804 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 805 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 806 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 807 80820080525: 809 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 810 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 811 81220080509: 813 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 814 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 815 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 816 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 817 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 818 81920080420: 820 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 821 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 822 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 823 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 824 For example, change: 825 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 826 to 827 wlans_ath0=wlan0 828 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 829 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 830 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 831 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 832 833 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 834 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 835 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 836 83720080408: 838 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 839 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 840 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 841 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 842 other operation levels. 843 84420080312: 845 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 846 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 847 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 848 compatibility with any prior release: 849 850 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 851 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 852 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 853 85420080301: 855 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 856 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 857 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 858 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 859 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 860 nonetheless. 861 86220080229: 863 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 864 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 865 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 866 with older hardware easier to do. 867 86820080220: 869 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 870 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 871 87220080211: 873 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 874 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 875 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 876 firewall rules. 877 87820080208: 879 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 880 mbuf chains. 881 88220080126: 883 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 884 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 885 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 886 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 887 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 888 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 889 third-party software might fail to build after this change 890 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 891 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 892 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 893 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 894 case that a portable fix is impossible. 895 89620080123: 897 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 898 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 899 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 900 90120071128: 902 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 903 functionality is the default now. 904 90520071118: 906 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 907 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 908 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 909 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 910 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 911 912 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 913 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 914 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 915 91620071024: 917 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 918 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 919 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 920 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 921 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 922 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 923 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 924 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 925 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 926 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 927 however. 928 92920071020: 930 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 931 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 932 used kproc_start().. 933 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 934 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 935 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 936 93720071010: 938 RELENG_7 branched. 939 940COMMON ITEMS: 941 942 General Notes 943 ------------- 944 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 945 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 946 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 947 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 948 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 949 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 950 several months have passed on the -current branch). 951 952 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 953 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 954 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 955 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 956 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 957 958 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 959 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 960 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 961 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 962 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 963 964 To build a kernel 965 ----------------- 966 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 967 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 968 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 969 970 make kernel-toolchain 971 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 972 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 973 974 To test a kernel once 975 --------------------- 976 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 977 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 978 debugging information) run 979 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 980 nextboot -k testkernel 981 982 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 983 -------------------------------------------------------------- 984 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 985 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 986 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 987 988 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 989 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 990 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 991 make depend 992 make 993 make install 994 995 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 996 997 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 998 ----------------------------------------------------------- 999 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1000 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1001 1002 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1003 make buildworld 1004 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1005 [1] 1006 <reboot in single user> [3] 1007 mergemaster -p [5] 1008 make installworld 1009 make delete-old 1010 mergemaster -i [4] 1011 <reboot> 1012 1013 1014 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1015 -------------------------------------------------- 1016 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1017 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1018 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1019 # size. 1020 1021 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1022 <boot into -stable> 1023 make buildworld 1024 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1025 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1026 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1027 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1028 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1029 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1030 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1031 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1032 <reboot into current> 1033 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1034 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1035 <reboot> 1036 1037 1038 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1039 ---------------------------------------------- 1040 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1041 make buildworld [9] 1042 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1043 [1] 1044 <reboot in single user> [3] 1045 mergemaster -p [5] 1046 make installworld 1047 make delete-old 1048 mergemaster -i [4] 1049 <reboot> 1050 1051 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1052 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1053 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1054 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1055 the UPDATING entries. 1056 1057 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1058 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1059 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1060 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1061 much fewer pitfalls. 1062 1063 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1064 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1065 system on reboot. 1066 1067 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1068 fsck -p 1069 mount -u / 1070 mount -a 1071 cd src 1072 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1073 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1074 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1075 1076 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1077 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1078 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1079 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1080 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1081 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1082 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1083 1084 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1085 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1086 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1087 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1088 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1089 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1090 1091 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1092 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1093 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1094 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1095 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1096 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1097 1098 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1099 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1100 1101 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1102 cvs prune empty directories. 1103 1104 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1105 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1106 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1107 1108 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1109 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1110 warn if it is improperly defined. 1111FORMAT: 1112 1113This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1114breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1115and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1116previous releases if your system is older than this. 1117 1118Copyright information: 1119 1120Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1121 1122Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1123modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1124document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1125 1126THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1127IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1128WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1129DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1130INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1131(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1132SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1133HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1134STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1135IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1136POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1137 1138Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1139this document. 1140 1141$FreeBSD$ 1142