xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision dd3603749cb7f20a628f04d595b105962b21a3d2)
1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 15.x IS SLOW:
16	FreeBSD 15.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
20	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
21	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
22	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
26	debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27	world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28	at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
29
3020240106:
31	A new SOC_ROCKCHIP options appeared, so if you have a custom kernel configuration
32	targetting Rockchip SoC you need to add it so shared and mandatory drivers for
33	this SoC familly will be selected.
34	Also a new rk8xx device was added, this select the base driver for Rockchip PMIC.
35
3620241223:
37	The layout of NFS file handles for the tarfs, tmpfs, cd9660, and ext2fs
38	file systems has changed.  An NFS server that exports any of these file
39	systems will need its clients to unmount and remount the exports.
40
4120241216:
42	The iwm(4) firmwares are no longer compiled as kernel modules but instead
43	shipped as raw files. For pkgbase users if you use iwm(4) you will need
44	to install the FreeBSD-firmware-iwm package.
45
4620241124:
47	The OpenBSD derived bc and dc implementations and the WITHOUT_GH_BC
48	option that allowed building them instead of the advanced version
49	imported more than 4 years ago have been removed.
50
5120241025:
52	The support for the rc_fast_and_loose variable has been removed from
53	rc.subr(8). Users setting rc_fast_and_loose on their systems are
54	advised to make sure their customizations to rc service scripts
55	do not depend on having a single shell environment shared across
56	all the rc service scripts during booting and shutdown.
57
5820241013:
59	The ciss driver was updated to cope better with hotplug events that
60	caused it to panic before, and to support more than 48 drives attached
61	to the card. These changes were made w/o benefit of hardware for testing
62	and ciss(4) users should be on the lookout for regressions.
63
6420240729:
65	The build now defaults to WITHOUT_CLEAN - i.e., no automatic clean
66	is performed at the beginning of buildworld or buildkernel.  The
67	WITH_CLEAN src.conf(5) knob can be used to restore the previous
68	behaviour.
69
70	If you encounter incremental build issues, please report them to the
71	freebsd-current mailing list so that a special-case dependency can be
72	added, if necessary.
73
7420240715:
75	We now lean more heavily on ACPI enumeration for some traditional
76	devices. uart has moved from isa to acpi so the hints act as wiring
77	instead of device enumeration. Hints for parallel port, floppy, etc
78	have been removed.  Before upgrading, grep your dmesg for lines like:
79		uart1: non-PNP ISA device will be removed from GENERIC in FreeBSD 15.
80	to see if you need to start including hints for the device on isa
81	in your loader.conf or device.hints file. APU1 (but not APU2) boards
82	are known to be affected, but there may be others.
83
8420240712:
85	Support for armv6 has been disconnected and is being removed.
86
8720240617:
88	ifconfig now treats IPv4 addresses without a width or mask as an error.
89	Specify the desired mask or width along with the IP address on the
90	ifconfig command line and in rc.conf.
91
9220240428:
93	OpenBSM auditing runtime (auditd, etc.) has been moved into the new
94	package FreeBSD-audit.  If you use OpenBSM auditing and pkgbase, you
95	should install FreeBSD-audit.
96
9720240424:
98	cron, lpr, and ntpd have been moved from FreeBSD-utilities into their
99	own packages.  If you use pkgbase, you should install the relevant
100	packages: FreeBSD-cron, FreeBSD-lp, or FreeBSD-ntp.
101
10220240406:
103	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
104	been upgraded to 18.1.6. It is important that you run `make delete-old`
105	as described in the COMMON ITEMS section, otherwise several libc++
106	headers that are obsolete and need to be removed can cause compilation
107	errors in C++ programs.
108
10920240205:
110	For dynamically linked programs, system calls are now made from
111	libsys rather than libc.  No change in linkage is required as
112	libsys is an auxiliary filter for libc.  People building custom
113	images must ensure that libsys.so.7 is included.
114
11520240202:
116	Loader now also read configuration files listed in local_loader_conf_files.
117	Files listed here are the last ones read. And /boot/loader.conf.local was
118	moved from loader_conf_files to local_loader_conf_files leaving only
119	loader.conf and device.hints in loader_conf_files by default.
120
121	The following sequencing is applied:
122
123	1. Bootstrap:
124	    /boot/defaults/loader.conf
125
126	2. Read loader_conf_files files:
127	    /boot/device.hints
128	    /boot/loader.conf
129
130	3. Read loader_conf_dirs files:
131	    /boot/loader.conf.d/*.conf
132
133	4. And finally, rread local_loader_conf_files files:
134	    /boot/loader.conf.local
135
13620240201:
137	sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged.  This version enforces
138	stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line
139	endings.  This may cause issues with receiving messages from
140	non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in
141	contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations.
142
14320240111:
144	Commit cc760de2183f changed the internal interface between
145	the nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both need to be
146	rebuilt from sources.  Therefore, __FreeBSD_version was
147	bumped to 1500010.
148
14920231120:
150	If you have an arm64 system that uses ACPI, you will need to update your
151	loader.efi in the ESP when you update past this point.  Detection of ACPI
152	was moved earlier in the binary so the scripts could use it, but old
153	binaries don't have this, so we default to 'no ACPI' in this case. You can
154	undisable ACPI by doing
155		OK unset hint.acpi.0.disabled
156	This can also be used to recover any other system that was updated in the
157	small window where amd64 was also broken.
158
15920231113:
160	The WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD option has been removed.  When LLD is enabled
161	it is always installed as /usr/bin/ld.
162
16320231027:
164	Forward compatibility (running the new code on old kernels) for the
165	"ino64" project have been removed. The need for it has passed long ago.
166
16720231018:
168	Commit 57ce37f9dcd0 changed the internal KAPI between the
169	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  Both must be rebuilt from sources.
170
17120231010:
172	dialog(1) has been replaced in base by bsddialog(1), while most of the
173	time replacing a dialog(1) call by a bsddialog(1) call works out of the
174	box, bsddialog(1) is not considered as a drop-in replacement for
175	dialog(1).
176
177	If you do depend on dialog(1) functionality, please install cdialog
178	from ports:
179
180	pkg install cdialog
181
18220230927:
183	The EARLY_AP_STARTUP kernel option is mandatory on x86.  The option
184	has been added to DEFAULTS, so it should automatically be included in
185	custom kernel configurations without any additional change.
186
18720230922:
188	A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default
189	behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required
190	recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP.
191
19220230914:
193	Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by
194	default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf.
195
19620230911:
197	Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang
198	internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems
199	installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow
200	for these file moves:
201
202		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities
203		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev
204		pkg upgrade -y
205
20620230909:
207	Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which
208	belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module
209	loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are
210	corresponding kernel environment variables.
211
21220230901:
213	The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have
214	been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively.
215
21620230824:
217	FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT.
218
21920230817:
220	Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has
221	been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry
222	practice and typcial firmware serial console redirection
223	configuration.
224
225	Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not
226	support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may
227	set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot
228	components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start
229	with the serial port at 115200.
230
23120230807:
232	Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus-
233	frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is
234	integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's
235	no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or
236	"device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration.
237
23820230803:
239	MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config.
240	Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt.
241
24220230724:
243	CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
244	to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
245	BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
246	for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
247	the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
248
24920230713:
250	stable/14 branch created.
251
25220230629:
253	The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
254	atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
255	change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
256	file a PR and assign it to imp.
257
25820230623:
259	OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
260	the base system.  It is important to rebuild third-party software
261	after upgrading.
262
26320230619:
264	To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
265	filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
266	locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
267	delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
268
269		sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
270		service pf restart
271
272	When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
273	filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
274
27520230613:
276	Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
277	follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
278	authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
279	quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
280	already properly quoted or escaped.
281
28220230612:
283	Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
284	nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
285	nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
286	in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
287	config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
288	kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf.  The default has been nda on
289	all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
290	please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
291
292	Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
293	migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
294
29520230422:
296	Remove portsnap(8).  Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
297	using git instead.
298
29920230420:
300	Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
301	eg.
302		make buildworld-jobs
303	runs
304		make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
305
306	where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
307
30820230316:
309	Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
310	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
311	IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
312	"device imx6_ipu" to it.
313	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
314	TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
315	If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
316	exist anymore.
317
31820230221:
319	Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
320	for details.
321
32220230206:
323	sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
324	Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
325	`X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
326
32720230204:
328	Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
329	to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
330
33120230130:
332	As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
333	to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
334	to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
335
33620230126:
337	The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
338	system are now built unconditionally.
339
34020230113:
341	LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
342	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
343
34420221212:
345	llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump.  Previously there was
346	no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
347
348	Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
349	GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
350	objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
351
35220221205:
353	dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta.  For people willing
354	to reenable sendmail(8):
355
356	$ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
357
358	and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
359
36020221204:
361	hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
362	default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
363	the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
364	the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
365	needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
366	the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
367
368	NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
369
37020221122:
371	pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
372	These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
373	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
374
37520221121:
376	The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed.  When Clang is enabled
377	it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
378
37920221026:
380	Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
381	for pkgbase users to do:
382
383	pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
384	  FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
385
386	after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
387	installed.
388
38920221002:
390	OPIE has been removed from the base system.  If needed, it can
391	be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie).
392	Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference
393	pam_opie or pam_opieaccess.
394
39520220610:
396	LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
397	before re-compiling to avoid errors.
398
39920211230:
400	The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
401	have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
402	Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
403	be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
404	reflect this change.
405
40620211214:
407	A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
408	themselves.  A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
409
41020211209:
411	Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
412	mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
413	the coming days and weeks.
414
415	This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
416	or touch
417		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
418		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
419		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
420		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
421	before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
422
42320211202:
424	Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
425	by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
426	statement in unbound.conf:
427		local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
428
429	Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
430
431	The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
432	Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
433	using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
434	to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
435	belongs.  Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
436	such names when roaming to different homenets.
437
43820211110:
439	Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
440	that any of the included congestion control modules could be
441	the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
442	was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
443	this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
444	control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
445	default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
446	The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
447	as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
448	kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
449	fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
450
45120211118:
452	Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
453	tree shortly.
454
45520211106:
456	Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
457	The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
458	of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
459	may need to be modified.
460
46120211022:
462	The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
463	The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
464	support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
465
46620211020:
467	sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user.  To force root to use
468	the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
469
470	# chsh -s csh
471
47220211004:
473	Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
474	with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
475	to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
476	this change.
477
47820210923:
479	As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
480	ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
481	users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
482	list of modules to load on their systems.
483
48420210922:
485	As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
486	new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
487	information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
488	audio/freebsd-13-mixer
489
49020210911:
491	As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
492	been deleted from the nfscommon.ko.  As such, nfsd.ko must be built
493	from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
494	being loaded.
495
49620210817:
497	As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
498	by default.  Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
499	option.  This can be enabled globally by using a custom
500	OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
501	application-specific configuration option for applications
502	which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
503
50420210811:
505	Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
506	modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
507
50820210730:
509	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
510	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
511	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
512	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
513
51420210729:
515	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
516	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
517	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
518
51920210716:
520	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
521	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
522	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
523
52420210715:
525	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
526	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
527	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
528	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
529	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
530	to update your sources past the above hash and do
531		% cd usr.bin/awk
532		% make clean all
533		% sudo -E make install
534	to enable building kernels again.
535
53620210708:
537	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
538	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
539	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
540
54120210707:
542	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
543	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
544
54520210624:
546	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
547	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
548	for NFSv4 mounts.
549	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
550
55120210618:
552	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
553	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
554	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
555	additions and others.
556
55720210618:
558	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
559	renamed to "untrusted".
560
56120210611:
562	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
563	please install the svn package or port.
564
56520210611:
566	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
567	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
568	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
569
57020210610:
571	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
572
57320210608:
574	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
575	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
576https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
577	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
578	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
579	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
580	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
581
58220210525:
583	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
584	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
585	committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
586	detect this.
587
58820210513:
589	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
590	libraries and utilities are packaged.
591	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
592	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
593	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
594	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
595	on the system.
596
59720210426:
598	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
599	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
600	need to be rebuilt from sources.
601	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
602	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
603	is not recommended.
604
60520210411:
606	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
607	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
608	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
609	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
610	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
611	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
612
61320210330:
614	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
615	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
616	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
617	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
618
61920210225:
620	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
621	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
622	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
623
62420210128:
625	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
626	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
627	update.
628
62920210121:
630	stable/13 branch created.
631
63220210108:
633	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
634	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
635	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
636	since it was bumped so recently.
637
63820210107:
639	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
640	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
641	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
642	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
643
64420210105:
645	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
646	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
647	requires a clean build.
648
64920201223:
650	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
651	instructions can be found at
652	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
653	and other documents in that repo.
654
65520201216:
656	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
657	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
658	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
659	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
660
66120201215:
662	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
663	may be installed from ports or packages.
664
66520201124:
666	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
667	See ping(8) for details.
668
66920201108:
670	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
671	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
672	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
673
67420201030:
675	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
676	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
677	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
678	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
679	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
680
68120201026:
682	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
683	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
684	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
685	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
686	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
687	find.
688
68920200923:
690	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
691	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
692	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
693	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
694
695	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
696	command you want to un-auger the tree is
697		cd sys/amd64/conf
698		svn revert -R .
699	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
700	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
701
70220200824:
703	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
704	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
705	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
706	unless you  want to use new features.
707
708	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
709	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
710	rebuilding world may fail.
711
712	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
713	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
714
715	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
716	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
717	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
718	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
719
72020200824:
721	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
722	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
723	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
724	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
725
72620200821:
727	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
728	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
729	sources.
730
73120200817:
732	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
733	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
734
73520200816:
736	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
737	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
738	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
739	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
740
74120200810:
742	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
743	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
744	from sources, so a version bump was done.
745
74620200807:
747	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
748	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
749	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
750	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
751
75220200729:
753	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
754	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
755	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
756	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
757	continue to function.
758
759	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
760	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
761	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
762	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
763
76420200627:
765	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
766	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
767	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
768	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
769	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
770	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
771	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
772
77320200625:
774	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
775	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
776
77720200613:
778	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
779	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
780	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
781
78220200604:
783	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
784	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
785	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
786	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
787
788	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
789	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
790	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
791	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
792	/root/.shrc.
793
79420200523:
795	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
796	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
797	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
798	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
799
80020200512:
801	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
802	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
803
80420200424:
805	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
806	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
807	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
808	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
809	be functional without closefrom(2).
810
81120200414:
812	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
813	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
814	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
815	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
816	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
817	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
818
81920200310:
820	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
821	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
822	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
823	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
824
82520200309:
826	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
827	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
828	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
829
83020200301:
831	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
832
83320200229:
834	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
835	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
836	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
837
83820200229:
839	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
840	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
841
84220200229:
843	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
844	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
845	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
846	ports or packages.
847
84820200220:
849	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
850	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
851	ncurses.
852
85320200217:
854	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
855	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
856	together with their new kernel.
857
85820200212:
859	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
860	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
861	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
862
863	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
864	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
865
86620200108:
867	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
868	linker for riscv64.
869
87020200107:
871	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
872	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
873	external toolchain package.
874
87520200104:
876	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
877	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
878	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
879	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
880	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
881
88220200102:
883	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
884	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
885	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
886	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
887
88820191226:
889	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
890	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
891	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
892	ABI.
893
89420191226:
895	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
896
89720191222:
898	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
899	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
900	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
901	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
902
90320191212:
904	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
905	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
906	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
907
90820191205:
909	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
910	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
911	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
912	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
913	differences between those included in the port and those included in
914	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
915	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
916	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
917
91820191120:
919	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
920	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
921	for automounting.
922
92320191107:
924	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
925	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
926	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
927	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
928	add superio to the set.
929
93020191021:
931	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
932	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
933
93420191021:
935	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
936	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
937	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
938	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
939	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
940	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
941	completely in the future.
942
94320191009:
944	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
945	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
946	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
947	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
948	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
949	will be removed from the list.
950
95120191009:
952	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
953	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
954	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
955	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
956
95720191003:
958	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
959	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
960	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
961	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
962
96320190913:
964	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
965	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
966	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
967	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
968
96920190823:
970	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
971	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
972	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
973
97420190727:
975	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
976	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
977	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
978	your scripts, because they had no effect.
979
980	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
981	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
982	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
983	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
984	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
985
98620190713:
987	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
988	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
989	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
990	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
991	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
992	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
993	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
994
99520190620:
996	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
997	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
998	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
999	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
1000
100120190612:
1002	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1003	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1004	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1005	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1006
100720190608:
1008	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
1009	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
1010	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
1011
101220190513:
1013	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
1014	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
1015	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
1016	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
1017	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
1018	avoid running into the limit.
1019
102020190507:
1021	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
1022	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
1023
102420190507:
1025	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
1026	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
1027	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
1028	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
1029	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
1030	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
1031
103220190418:
1033	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
1034	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
1035	entropy:
1036
1037	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
1038	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
1039	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
1040	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
1041	availability properties.
1042
1043	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1044	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
1045	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
1046	initial condition, if desired.
1047
1048	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1049	Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
1050
1051	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
1052	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
1053	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
1054	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
1055
105620190416:
1057	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
1058	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
1059	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
1060	therefore unblocked).
1061
106220190404:
1063	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
1064	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
1065	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
1066	is added to the command line.
1067	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
1068	not affected and should continue to work.
1069
107020190320:
1071	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
1072	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
1073	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
1074	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
1075
107620190304:
1077	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1078	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1079	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1080	or higher.
1081
108220190226:
1083	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
1084	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
1085	kernel config.
1086
108720190219:
1088	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
1089	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
1090	migrating to the drm ports.
1091
109220190131:
1093	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
1094	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
1095	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
1096	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
1097	is loaded automatically.
1098
109920190125:
1100	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
1101	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
1102	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
1103	kernel config files.
1104
110520181230:
1106	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
1107	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
1108	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
1109	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
1110
111120181220:
1112	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
1113	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
1114	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
1115	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
1116	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
1117	most NFSv4 mounts.
1118
111920181219:
1120	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
1121	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
1122	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
1123
1124	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
1125	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
1126
1127	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
1128	removed from the mips port.
1129
113020181211:
1131	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1132	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1133	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1134	or higher.
1135
113620181211:
1137	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
1138	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
1139
114020181126:
1141	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
1142	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
1143	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
1144	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
1145
114620181123:
1147	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
1148	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
1149	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
1150
115120181115:
1152	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
1153	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
1154	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
1155	FreeBSD versions.
1156
115720181110:
1158	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
1159	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
1160	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
1161
1162	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
1163	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
1164	being included using the command:
1165		$ newsyslog -Nrv
1166
116720181019:
1168	Stable/12 was branched created.
1169
117020181015:
1171	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
1172	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
1173	drm-legacy-kmod.
1174
1175	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
1176	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
1177	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
1178	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
1179	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
1180	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
1181	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
1182	that as you will get better support.
1183
1184	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
1185	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
1186	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
1187	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
1188
1189	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
1190	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
1191	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
1192	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
1193	shortly.
1194
119520181012:
1196	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
1197	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
1198	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
1199	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
1200	be adjusted as necessary.
1201
120220181009:
1203	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
1204	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
1205	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
1206	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
1207
120820181006:
1209	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
1210	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
1211	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
1212	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
1213	encouraged.
1214
121520181002:
1216	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
1217	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
1218	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
1219	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
1220	nda device name.
1221
122220180913:
1223	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
1224	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
1225	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
1226	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1227	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1228	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1229
123020180826:
1231	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1232	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1233	default since FreeBSD-11.
1234
123520180822:
1236	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1237	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
1238	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1239
124020180818:
1241	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1242	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1243	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1244	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1245	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
1246	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1247	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1248
1249	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1250	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1251
125220180815:
1253	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1254	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1255	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1256	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1257	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1258	may not be observed in a future release.
1259
126020180808:
1261	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
1262	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1263	your environment.
1264
126520180731:
1266	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1267	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1268	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1269	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1270
127120180730:
1272	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1273	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1274	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1275	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1276	runtime services.
1277
127820180727:
1279	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1280	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1281	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1282
128320180723:
1284	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1285	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1286	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1287	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1288	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1289
129020180720:
1291	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1292	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1293	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1294	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1295	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1296	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1297
129820180719:
1299	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1300	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1301	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1302	boot_serial=YES
1303	boot_multicons=YES
1304	in /boot/loader.conf
1305	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1306	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1307	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1308
130920180719:
1310	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
1311	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1312	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1313	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1314	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1315	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1316	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1317	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1318	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1319	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1320	by the ntpd user.
1321
132220180717:
1323	Big endian arm support has been removed.
1324
132520180711:
1326	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1327	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
1328	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1329	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1330	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1331
133220180705:
1333	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1334	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1335	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
1336	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
1337	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1338	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1339
134020180702:
1341	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1342	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1343
134420180701:
1345	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1346	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1347	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1348	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1349	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1350	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1351	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1352
135320180630:
1354	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1355	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1356	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1357	or higher.
1358
135920180628:
1360	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1361	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1362	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1363	file.
1364
136520180612:
1366	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1367	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1368
136920180530:
1370	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1371	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1372	longer necessary.
1373
137420180530:
1375	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1376	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1377	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1378	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1379
138020180523:
1381	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1382	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1383	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1384	later than r334108.
1385
138620180517:
1387	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
1388	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1389	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1390	it must be removed.
1391
139220180510:
1393	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1394	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1395	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1396	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1397	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1398	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1399	will go away.
1400
1401	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1402	workaround is necessary.
1403
140420180508:
1405	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1406	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
1407	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
1408	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1409
141020180504:
1411	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
1412	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1413	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1414	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1415	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1416
141720180502:
1418	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
1419	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1420	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
1421	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1422
142320180501:
1424	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
1425	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1426	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1427	be removed.
1428
142920180413:
1430	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
1431	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1432	removed.
1433
143420180411:
1435	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
1436	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1437	removed.
1438
143920180406:
1440	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1441	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1442	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1443	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1444	microseconds and time zone offsets.
1445
1446	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1447	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1448	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1449	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1450	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1451	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1452	adjustments, depending on the software used.
1453
1454	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1455	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1456
1457		source src {
1458			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1459		}
1460
1461	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1462	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1463	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1464
1465		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1466
1467	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1468	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1469	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1470	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1471	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1472	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1473	thus expected to continue to function as before.
1474
1475	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1476	change.
1477
147820180328:
1479	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1480	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1481	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1482
148320180323:
1484	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1485	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1486	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1487	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1488	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1489	should be as simple as:
1490
1491		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1492		$ make depend all install
1493
149420180212:
1495	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1496	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1497	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1498	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1499	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1500	provisions for backup boot methods.
1501
150220180211:
1503	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1504	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1505	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1506	imp@freebsd.org.
1507
150820180114:
1509	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1510	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1511	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1512	or higher.
1513
151420180110:
1515	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1516	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1517	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1518
1519	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1520	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1521
152220180110:
1523	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1524	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1525	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1526	remove it from kernel config files.
1527
152820180104:
1529	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1530	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1531	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1532
1533	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1534	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1535
153620180102:
1537	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1538	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1539	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1540	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1541
154220171215:
1543	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1544	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1545
154620171214:
1547	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1548	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1549	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1550	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1551
155220171125:
1553	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1554	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1555	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1556	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1557	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1558	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1559
156020171110:
1561	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1562	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1563	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1564
156520171106:
1566	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1567	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
1568	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
1569	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1570	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1571
157220171102:
1573	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1574	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1575	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1576	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1577	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1578	environment.
1579
158020171101:
1581	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1582	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1583	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
1584	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1585	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1586	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1587	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1588	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1589	than hardcoding paths.
1590
159120171028:
1592	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1593	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1594	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1595
159620171021:
1597	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1598	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1599	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1600	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1601
160220171010:
1603	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1604	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1605
160620171005:
1607	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1608	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1609	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1610	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1611
161220171003:
1613	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1614	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1615	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1616	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1617	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1618
161920170912:
1620	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
1621	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1622	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
1623	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1624	/etc/ctl.conf .
1625
162620170912:
1627	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1628	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1629	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1630	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1631	soft-float everything else should be affected.
1632
163320170826:
1634	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
1635	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1636
163720170825:
1638	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1639	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1640	to complete.
1641
164220170814:
1643	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1644	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1645	${TESTSDIR}.
1646
1647	Behavioral changes:
1648	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1649	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1650	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1651	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1652
1653	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1654	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1655	sandbox if successful.
1656
1657	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1658	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1659	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1660	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1661	an unprivileged user.
1662
166320170808:
1664	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1665	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1666	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1667	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1668	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1669	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1670	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1671	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1672	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1673	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1674	to which you should answer yes.
1675
167620170728:
1677	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1678	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1679	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1680	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1681	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1682
168320170722:
1684	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1685	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1686	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1687
168820170701:
1689	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1690	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1691
169220170625:
1693	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
1694	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1695	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
1696	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1697	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
1698	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1699	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1700
170120170623:
1702	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1703	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1704	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1705	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1706	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1707	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1708
170920170620:
1710	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1711	if you require the GPL compiler.
1712
171320170619:
1714	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1715	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1716	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1717	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1718	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1719	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1720
172120170618:
1722	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1723	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1724	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1725
172620170617:
1727	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1728	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
1729	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1730	followed.
1731
173220170531:
1733	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1734	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1735	from ports (and recommends to install it).
1736	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1737	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1738	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1739
174020170524:
1741	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1742	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
1743	which only require one chipset support.
1744
1745	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1746
1747	if_ath_load="YES"
1748
1749	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1750	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1751	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1752
1753	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1754	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1755
1756	* load ath_hal
1757	* load the chip modules in question
1758	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1759	* load ath_main
1760	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1761	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1762
1763	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1764
176520170523:
1766	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1767	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
1768	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1769
1770	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1771	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1772	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1773
1774	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1775	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
1776	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1777	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
1778	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1779	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1780	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1781	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1782
178320170424:
1784	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1785	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
1786	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1787
178820170420:
1789	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1790	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1791	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1792
179320170413:
1794	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1795	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1796	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1797	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1798	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1799	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1800	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1801
180220170407:
1803	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1804	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1805	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1806	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1807
180820170405:
1809	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1810	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
1811	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1812
181320170331:
1814	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1815	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1816	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1817
181820170329:
1819	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1820	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1821
1822	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1823	via one of the following methods:
1824	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1825	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1826	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1827	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1828
1829	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1830
183120170316:
1832	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1833	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1834	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1835	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1836	with mmc.ko).
1837
183820170315:
1839	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1840	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1841	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1842	be prefixed with colon.
1843
184420170311:
1845	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1846	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1847	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1848
184920170302:
1850	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1851	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1852	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1853
185420170221:
1855	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1856	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1857	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
1858	change.
1859
186020170216:
1861	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1862	valid.
1863
186420170215:
1865	MCA bus support has been removed.
1866
186720170127:
1868	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1869	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1870
187120170112:
1872	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1873	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1874
187520170109:
1876	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1877	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1878	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1879	configuration.
1880
188120161217:
1882	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1883	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1884	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1885
188620161124:
1887	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1888	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1889	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1890
189120161119:
1892	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1893	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
1894	that link against it need to be recompiled.
1895
189620161030:
1897	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1898	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1899	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1900	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1901
190220161017:
1903	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1904	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1905	parts.
1906	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1907	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1908
190920161015:
1910	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
1911	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1912	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1913	removed from base.
1914
191520161008:
1916	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1917	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1918	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1919
192020161003:
1921	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1922	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1923
192420160924:
1925	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1926	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
1927	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1928	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1929
193020160918:
1931	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
1932	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1933	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1934	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1935	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1936
193720160918:
1938	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1939
194020160908:
1941	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1942	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1943	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
1944	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1945
194620160824:
1947	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1948	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1949	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1950	to 1200005.
1951
195220160818:
1953	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1954	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1955	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
1956	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
1957	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1958	0.
1959
196020160818:
1961	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1962	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1963
196420160708:
1965	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1966
1967After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
1968from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
1969entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
1970UPDATING file.
1971
1972COMMON ITEMS:
1973
1974	General Notes
1975	-------------
1976	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1977	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1978	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1979	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1980	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1981	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
1982	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
1983	report a bug if it happens consistently.
1984
1985	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1986	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1987	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1988	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1989	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1990	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1991	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1992	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1993	an exception.
1994
1995	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
1996	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
1997	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
1998	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
1999	step.
2000
2001	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2002	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2003	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2004	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2005
2006	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2007	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2008	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2009	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2010	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2011	should write them with this in mind.
2012
2013	ZFS notes
2014	---------
2015	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
2016	always follow these three steps:
2017
2018	1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2019	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2020
2021	2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
2022	doing a zpool upgrade):
2023
2024	When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
2025	block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2026		gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
2027	The value $N will typically be 1.  For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
2028
2029	3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
2030	pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
2031	zpool upgrade.
2032
2033	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2034
2035	EFI notes
2036	---------
2037
2038	There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
2039	current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
2040	efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
2041	deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
2042	fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
2043	/boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
2044	ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
2045	the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
2046
2047	Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
2048	may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
2049	location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
2050	mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
2051
2052	The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
2053	however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
2054	root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
2055	since it does not automatically understand some new features.
2056
2057	See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
2058
2059	To build a kernel
2060	-----------------
2061	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2062	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
2063	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2064
2065	make kernel-toolchain
2066	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2067	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2068
2069	If you are running kernel modules from ports, see FOOTNOTE [1].
2070
2071	To test a kernel once
2072	---------------------
2073	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2074	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2075	debugging information) run
2076	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2077	nextboot -k testkernel
2078
2079	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2080	-----------------------------------------------------------
2081	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2082	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2083
2084	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2085	make buildworld
2086	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2087	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[1]
2088	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2089	etcupdate -p					[5]
2090	make installworld
2091	etcupdate -B					[4]
2092	make delete-old					[6]
2093	<reboot>
2094
2095	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2096	--------------------------------------------------
2097	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2098	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2099	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2100	# size.
2101
2102	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2103	<boot into -stable>
2104	make buildworld
2105	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[1]
2106	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2107	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2108	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2109	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2110	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2111	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2112	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2113	<reboot into current>
2114	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2115	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2116	<reboot>
2117
2118
2119	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2120	----------------------------------------------
2121	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2122	make buildworld					[9]
2123	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2124	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[1]
2125	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2126	etcupdate -p					[5]
2127	make installworld
2128	etcupdate -B					[4]
2129	make delete-old					[6]
2130	<reboot>
2131
2132	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2133	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2134	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2135	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2136	the UPDATING entries.
2137
2138	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2139	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2140	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2141	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2142	much fewer pitfalls.
2143
2144FOOTNOTES:
2145
2146	[1] If you have third party modules, such as drm-kmod or vmware, you
2147	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2148	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2149	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
2150	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2151	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2152	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2153	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2154	and effective, eg:
2155	     PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2156
2157	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2158		fsck -p
2159		mount -u /
2160		mount -a
2161		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2162		cd src			# full path to source
2163		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2164	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2165	into single user mode to do the installworld.
2166
2167	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2168	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2169	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2170	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2171	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2172	for potential gotchas.  See etcupdate(8) for more information.
2173
2174	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2175	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2176	step.
2177
2178	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2179	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2180	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2181
2182	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2183	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2184	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2185	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2186	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2187	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2188	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2189	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2190
2191	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2192	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2193	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2194	for these as well.
2195
2196	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2197	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2198	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2199
2200	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2201	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2202	warn if it is improperly defined.
2203FORMAT:
2204
2205This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2206breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2207list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2208If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2209to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2210
2211Copyright information:
2212
2213Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2214
2215Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2216modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2217document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2218
2219THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2220IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2221WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2222DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2223INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2224(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2225SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2226HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2227STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2228IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2229POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2230
2231Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2232this document.
2233