1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 16.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 16.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020250918: 31 mandoc (including /usr/bin/man) has been moved to a new package, 32 FreeBSD-mandoc. If you have the minimal set installed, this package 33 will be installed automatically, otherwise you may want to install it. 34 35 Kyua has been moved to the FreeBSD-kyua package, and ATF has been moved 36 to the FreeBSD-atf* packages. If you have FreeBSD-tests installed, 37 these packages will be installed automatically, otherwise you should 38 manually install them if you need these tools. 39 40 This only affects pkgbase users. 41 4220250912: 43 If SRCCONF is unset and a file named src.conf is present at 44 the top of the source tree, it will now be used instead of 45 /etc/src.conf. 46 4720250907: 48 The MANSPLITPKG knob has been turned off by default, so pkgbase builds 49 will no longer generate "-man" subpackages; instead the manpages will 50 be shipped in the packages they belong to. If you want to continue 51 building split man packages, set WITH_MANSPLITPKG=1. 52 5320250905: 54 FreeBSD 16.0-CURRENT. 55 5620250903: 57 The BLOAT_KERNEL_WITH_EXTERR kernel config option has been renamed to 58 EXTERR_STRINGS. 59 6020250827: 61 The names of pkg repositories defined in /etc/pkg/FreeBSD.conf have 62 changed: "FreeBSD" is now "FreeBSD-ports", and "FreeBSD-kmods" is now 63 "FreeBSD-ports-kmods". Users with /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos files 64 which override these will need to adjust their configuration to match 65 the new names. 66 6720250823: 68 The set of pkgbase packages for Kerberos and OpenSSL has changed. 69 After updating past 250e77d4f0a5, you should check 'pkg orphans' 70 and remove any orphaned packages, then examine the output of 71 'pkg install -r base -g FreeBSD-openssl\* FreeBSD-kerberos\*' 72 and install any new packages you need. 73 7420250823: 75 To restore bridge(4)'s ABI compatibility with ifconfig from 14.x or 76 earlier, the size of struct ifbreq has changed, so you must update 77 the kernel and /sbin/ifconfig at the same time or you will not be 78 able to add interfaces to bridge. This is particularly important 79 if you require bridge for network access during boot, in which case 80 you should install the new kernel and the new /sbin/ifconfig prior 81 to rebooting. 82 8320250820: 84 The WITHOUT_GSSAPI src.conf knob has been removed. This was already 85 a no-op for MIT Kerberos, so this only affects builds which set 86 WITHOUT_MITKRB5=1, in which case you now always get libgssapi. 87 88 Also, Heimdal's compile_et and libcom_err are now controlled by 89 WITHOUT_KERBEROS, not WITHOUT_KERBEROS_SUPPORT. This matches 90 the behaviour of the MIT Kerberos versions. 91 9220250820: 93 Commits 08c7dd2fbe4f and a4197ea47777 have changed the ABI between 94 libvmmapi and the vmm device. If using a custom kernel configuration, 95 please ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD14 option is included so older 96 versions of libvmmapi continue working as expected. 97 9820250819: 99 The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-on to default-off. 100 This reverts the 20250808 change below, which had reverted the 20240729 101 change before it. Note that some src.conf(5) options are known to break 102 ABI or compatibility in ways that may require a clean build initially 103 when switched. 104 10520250816: 106 Sendmail's libmilter has been moved to its own package. If you want 107 to compile applications that use libmilter, you should install the 108 FreeBSD-libmilter* packages. 109 110 If you only have FreeBSD-sendmail installed for applications that 111 require libmilter, you can now remove it. 112 11320250815: 114 The [gs]etgroups(2)syscalls have changed. To maintain backwards 115 compatibility with existing programs, you need COMPAT_FREEBSD14 in 116 your kernel config until all applications which use this are 117 rebuild/reinstalled. 118 11920250815: 120 jemalloc 5.3.0 has been committed to the tree. 121 12220250815: 123 The removal of Secure RPC DES authentication noted in 20250810 124 has been reverted. (However, it is still non-functional.) 125 12620250813: 127 Commit cce64f2e6851 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 128 modules. As such, all of them need to be rebuilt from sources. 129 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1500060 already today, 130 so I will not bump it again for this. 131 13220250813: 133 The gpiobus_attach_bus() function has been removed. Drivers should now 134 use the gpiobus_add_bus() function instead. The difference being that 135 gpiobus_add_bus() doesn't call bus_attach_children(), calling it will 136 be the responsibility of the caller now. 137 13820250810: 139 Support for Secure RPC DES authentication has been removed. 140 The keyserv(8) daemon was already removed, but support for it in libc 141 has also been removed, so if you somehow still had keyserv installed, 142 it will now stop working. There is no workaround for this. Removing 143 DES is considered a feature. 144 14520250808: 146 The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-off to 147 default-on. This reverts the 20240729 change below. 148 14920250807: 150 routed(8) and route6d(8) have moved to the FreeBSD-rip package. 151 If you use either of these, you should install the new package. 152 15320250806: 154 if_epair(4) now uses ether_gen_addr(9) to generate a stable MAC 155 address. 156 To keep using the random address, set the loader tunable 157 net.link.epair.ether_gen_addr=0. 158 15920250804: 160 bsdconfig (including sysrc(8)) has moved to the new bsdconfig 161 package. If you use pkgbase and wish to use bsdconfig, you should 162 install FreeBSD-bsdconfig. 163 16420250730: 165 The usbhid(4) USB HID driver is now enabled by default, and will be 166 used in preference to other USB HID drivers like ukbd(4), ums(4), and 167 uhid(4). Work on a FIDO/U2F driver and moused(8) is in progress. 168 The default is being switched now so that we can find and fix any 169 additional issues prior to FreeBSD 15.0. 170 171 To revert to the previous USB HID driver behavior, set the loader 172 tunable hw.usb.usbhid.enable=0. 173 17420250727: 175 bmake (i.e., /usr/bin/make and /usr/share/mk) has moved to a new 176 package, FreeBSD-bmake. If you use pkgbase and you need make, you 177 should install this package. 178 17920250726: 180 amd64 kernel configurations must contain "options SMP". 181 18220250725: 183 gssd(8) has been moved to a new package, FreeBSD-gssd. If you use 184 pkgbase and you need gssd, you should install this package. 185 18620250724: 187 The Kerberos packages which are built when WITH_MITKRB5 is enabled 188 have been renamed from FreeBSD-krb5* to FreeBSD-kerberos*. This 189 affects pkgbase users who manually enabled WITH_MITKRB5, *or* use 190 the default value of WITH_MITKRB5 and updated past c7da9fb90b0b 191 (20250721) which made WITH_MITKRB5 the default. 192 193 In either case, if you have FreeBSD-krb5* packages installed, you 194 should remove them and (re)install the equivalent FreeBSD-kerberos* 195 packages instead. 196 19720250721: 198 WITH_MITKRB5 is now enabled by default. MIT KRB5 has replaced 199 Heimdal in base. Ports that use USES=gssapi must be rebuilt. 200 A clean buildworld is required. 201 20220250719: 203 Commits 392a82b225 and c00baac0ab both changed the 204 internal API between the NFS modules. As such, all 205 these modules need to be rebuilt from sources. 206 __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1500053 for this. 207 20820250710: 209 The shar(1) utility has been removed from base. The 210 sysutils/freebsd-shar port was created to maintain this version of 211 shar(1) past its removal from base. 212 21320250704: 214 LinuxKPI device.h and acpi changes effecting drivers and drm-kmod. 215 Bump __FreeBSD_version 1500050 to be able to detect these changes. 216 21720250630: 218 Commits 171f66b0c2ca and 8e2a90ac8089 changed the internal 219 api between nfscommon.ko and the other nfs modules. 220 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500049 for this. 221 All NFS related modules must be rebuilt from up-to-date 222 sources. 223 22420250625: 225 "make delete-old" will now remove the Forth bootloader entirely 226 if the system is built with WITHOUT_FORTH. 227 22820250614: 229 MIT KRB5 (MIT Kerberos5) has been imported into 15-CURRENT. To 230 and install MIT KRB5, add WITH_MITKRB5=yes to /etc/src.conf. This 231 will build and install MIT KRB5 1.21.3. And it will remove Heimdal 232 1.5.2 when delete-old and delete-old-libs are run. To revert back 233 simply buildworld/installworld again with delete-old-libs and 234 delete-old. 235 236 At the moment we only know of a couple of ports that might be 237 affected. Adjusting libmap.conf does not circumvent runtime issues. 238 The few affected ports must be rebuilt. A successful exp-run will be 239 run before MIT KRB5 becomes default. 240 241 Those using the KDC in FreeBSD base may wish to wait. The Heimdal 242 HDB is incompatible with the MIT KRB5 KDC. The migration procedure 243 is a little involved. 244 24520250603: 246 LinuxKPI dma-mapping.h were pulled into the tree from drm-kmod. 247 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1500045 to be able to detect this change. 248 24920250527: 250 pf changed extension header handling. It now treats AH headers on IPv4 just 251 like AH headers on IPv6 and skips over them, allowing filtering on the inner 252 protocol. 253 25420250527: 255 pf now blocks IPv6 packets with a hop-by-hop or destination options header by 256 default. Such packets can be passed by adding "allow-opts" to the rule. IPv6 257 options are now handled just like their IPv4 counterparts. 258 25920250527: 260 The CAM target layer userland, i.e. ctld(8), ctladm(8) and ctlstat(8), 261 has moved to the new FreeBSD-ctl package. If you use pkgbase and you 262 need the CAM Target Layer, you should install the new package. 263 264 Development-related tools (e.g. ar and nm) have moved to the new 265 "FreeBSD-toolchain" package, which subsumes and obsoletes the 266 existing "FreeBSD-elftoolchain" package. If you use pkgbase and 267 need to compile software, you should install the new package and 268 ensure the old FreeBSD-elftoolchain* packages are completely removed. 269 27020250521: 271 Commit e64fe5ad3a23 removed in6_maxmtu and its setter in6_setmaxmtu(). 272 in6_maxmtu is used to store the max IPv6 MTU of all interfaces, 273 however it does not have any in-tree consumers since the introduction 274 from the KAME project. The removal should have little impact, and the 275 max IPv6 MTU can be easily retrieved by iterating over all the attached 276 interface if 3rd party modules need it. 277 27820250515: 279 Commit 772258c89f28 changed the internal API between the nfscommon 280 and nfscl modules. Both need to be built from updated sources. 281 28220250513: 283 The bridge(4) sysctl net.link.bridge.member_ifaddrs now defaults to 0, 284 meaning that interfaces added to a bridge may not have IP addresses 285 assigned. Refer to bridge(4) for more information. 286 28720250507: 288 UMASS quirks and auto-quirk probing has been overhauled. CAM now won't 289 send SYNCHRONIZE CACHE unless MODE PAGE 8 is present and valid. This 290 should allow more devices to work (since the auto quirk code was updated 291 in 14 and broke several e-readers and the like). Please send imp@freebsd.org 292 any regression reports. 293 29420250504: 295 Commit 9419e086e1a3 changed the internal API between the nfscommon 296 and nfscl modules. Both need to be built from updated sources. 297 29820250412: 299 LinuxKPI alloc routines were changed to return physically contiguous 300 memory where expected. These changes may require out-of-tree drivers 301 to be recompiled. 302 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500037 to be able to detect this change. 303 30420250409: 305 Intel iwlwifi firmware has been removed from the src repository. 306 Before updating their system, users of iwlwifi(4) or iwx(4) must 307 install the appropriate firmware for their chipset using fwget(8) or 308 building it from ports. 309 31020250314: 311 We now use LLVM's binary utilities (nm, objcopy, etc.) by default. 312 The WITHOUT_LLVM_BINUTILS src.conf(5) knob can be used to revert to 313 ELF Tool Chain tools if desired. 314 31520250303: 316 Commit 4a77657cbc01 changed the ABI between ipfw(8) and ipfw(4). 317 Please note that the old ipfw(8) binary will not work with the new 318 ipfw(4) module. Therefore, it is recommended to disable ipfw during 319 the upgrade, otherwise the host system may become inaccessible because 320 ipfw rules cannot be installed with the old binary. 321 32220250214: 323 Commit 4517fbfd4251 modified the internal API between the 324 nfscommon and nfscl modules. As such, both of these modules 325 need to be rebuilt from sources. 326 32720250201: 328 The NFS related daemons, that provide RPC services to the kernel: 329 gssd(8), rpcbind(8), rpc.tlsservd(8) and rpc.tlsclntd(8), now use a 330 different transport - netlink(4) socket instead of unix(4). Users of 331 NFS need to upgrade both kernel and world (binaries and libc) at once. 332 Also, any revision between 88cd1e17a7d8 and 99e5a70046da should be 333 avoided. 334 33520250129: 336 Defer the January 19, 2038 date limit in UFS1 filesystems to 337 February 7, 2106. This affects only UFS1 format filesystems. 338 See commit message 1111a44301da for details. 339 34020250127: 341 The Allwinner a10_timer driver has been renamed to aw_driver. If you 342 have a custom kernel configuration including the line 'device 343 a10_timer', it must be adjusted to 'device aw_timer'. The same applies 344 for device exclusions with 'nodevice'. 345 34620250106: 347 A new SOC_ROCKCHIP options appeared, so if you have a custom kernel configuration 348 targeting Rockchip SoC you need to add it so shared and mandatory drivers for 349 this SoC family will be selected. 350 Also a new rk8xx device was added, this select the base driver for Rockchip PMIC. 351 35220241223: 353 The layout of NFS file handles for the tarfs, tmpfs, cd9660, and ext2fs 354 file systems has changed. An NFS server that exports any of these file 355 systems will need its clients to unmount and remount the exports. 356 35720241216: 358 The iwm(4) firmwares are no longer compiled as kernel modules but instead 359 shipped as raw files. For pkgbase users if you use iwm(4) you will need 360 to install the FreeBSD-firmware-iwm package. 361 36220241124: 363 The OpenBSD derived bc and dc implementations and the WITHOUT_GH_BC 364 option that allowed building them instead of the advanced version 365 imported more than 4 years ago have been removed. 366 36720241107: 368 The ng_ubt(4) driver now requires firmwares to be loaded on Realtek 369 adaptors with rtlbtfw(8) utility. It no longer attaches to devices 370 standing in bootloader mode. Firmware files are available in the 371 comms/rtlbt-firmware port. 372 37320241025: 374 The support for the rc_fast_and_loose variable has been removed from 375 rc.subr(8). Users setting rc_fast_and_loose on their systems are 376 advised to make sure their customizations to rc service scripts 377 do not depend on having a single shell environment shared across 378 all the rc service scripts during booting and shutdown. 379 38020241013: 381 The ciss driver was updated to cope better with hotplug events that 382 caused it to panic before, and to support more than 48 drives attached 383 to the card. These changes were made w/o benefit of hardware for testing 384 and ciss(4) users should be on the lookout for regressions. 385 38620240729: 387 The build now defaults to WITHOUT_CLEAN - i.e., no automatic clean 388 is performed at the beginning of buildworld or buildkernel. The 389 WITH_CLEAN src.conf(5) knob can be used to restore the previous 390 behaviour. 391 392 If you encounter incremental build issues, please report them to the 393 freebsd-current mailing list so that a special-case dependency can be 394 added, if necessary. 395 39620240715: 397 We now lean more heavily on ACPI enumeration for some traditional 398 devices. uart has moved from isa to acpi so the hints act as wiring 399 instead of device enumeration. Hints for parallel port, floppy, etc 400 have been removed. Before upgrading, grep your dmesg for lines like: 401 uart1: non-PNP ISA device will be removed from GENERIC in FreeBSD 15. 402 to see if you need to start including hints for the device on isa 403 in your loader.conf or device.hints file. APU1 (but not APU2) boards 404 are known to be affected, but there may be others. 405 40620240712: 407 Support for armv6 has been disconnected and is being removed. 408 40920240617: 410 ifconfig now treats IPv4 addresses without a width or mask as an error. 411 Specify the desired mask or width along with the IP address on the 412 ifconfig command line and in rc.conf. 413 41420240428: 415 OpenBSM auditing runtime (auditd, etc.) has been moved into the new 416 package FreeBSD-audit. If you use OpenBSM auditing and pkgbase, you 417 should install FreeBSD-audit. 418 41920240424: 420 cron, lpr, and ntpd have been moved from FreeBSD-utilities into their 421 own packages. If you use pkgbase, you should install the relevant 422 packages: FreeBSD-cron, FreeBSD-lp, or FreeBSD-ntp. 423 42420240406: 425 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 426 been upgraded to 18.1.6. It is important that you run `make delete-old` 427 as described in the COMMON ITEMS section, otherwise several libc++ 428 headers that are obsolete and need to be removed can cause compilation 429 errors in C++ programs. 430 43120240205: 432 For dynamically linked programs, system calls are now made from 433 libsys rather than libc. No change in linkage is required as 434 libsys is an auxiliary filter for libc. People building custom 435 images must ensure that libsys.so.7 is included. 436 43720240202: 438 Loader now also read configuration files listed in local_loader_conf_files. 439 Files listed here are the last ones read. And /boot/loader.conf.local was 440 moved from loader_conf_files to local_loader_conf_files leaving only 441 loader.conf and device.hints in loader_conf_files by default. 442 443 The following sequencing is applied: 444 445 1. Bootstrap: 446 /boot/defaults/loader.conf 447 448 2. Read loader_conf_files files: 449 /boot/device.hints 450 /boot/loader.conf 451 452 3. Read loader_conf_dirs files: 453 /boot/loader.conf.d/*.conf 454 455 4. And finally, rread local_loader_conf_files files: 456 /boot/loader.conf.local 457 45820240201: 459 sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged. This version enforces 460 stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line 461 endings. This may cause issues with receiving messages from 462 non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in 463 contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations. 464 46520240111: 466 Commit cc760de2183f changed the internal interface between 467 the nfscommon and nfscl modules. As such, both need to be 468 rebuilt from sources. Therefore, __FreeBSD_version was 469 bumped to 1500010. 470 47120231120: 472 If you have an arm64 system that uses ACPI, you will need to update your 473 loader.efi in the ESP when you update past this point. Detection of ACPI 474 was moved earlier in the binary so the scripts could use it, but old 475 binaries don't have this, so we default to 'no ACPI' in this case. You can 476 undisable ACPI by doing 477 OK unset hint.acpi.0.disabled 478 This can also be used to recover any other system that was updated in the 479 small window where amd64 was also broken. 480 48120231113: 482 The WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD option has been removed. When LLD is enabled 483 it is always installed as /usr/bin/ld. 484 48520231027: 486 Forward compatibility (running the new code on old kernels) for the 487 "ino64" project have been removed. The need for it has passed long ago. 488 48920231018: 490 Commit 57ce37f9dcd0 changed the internal KAPI between the 491 nfscommon and nfscl modules. Both must be rebuilt from sources. 492 49320231010: 494 dialog(1) has been replaced in base by bsddialog(1), while most of the 495 time replacing a dialog(1) call by a bsddialog(1) call works out of the 496 box, bsddialog(1) is not considered as a drop-in replacement for 497 dialog(1). 498 499 If you do depend on dialog(1) functionality, please install cdialog 500 from ports: 501 502 pkg install cdialog 503 50420230927: 505 The EARLY_AP_STARTUP kernel option is mandatory on x86. The option 506 has been added to DEFAULTS, so it should automatically be included in 507 custom kernel configurations without any additional change. 508 50920230922: 510 A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default 511 behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required 512 recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP. 513 51420230914: 515 Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by 516 default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf. 517 51820230911: 519 Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang 520 internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems 521 installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow 522 for these file moves: 523 524 pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities 525 pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev 526 pkg upgrade -y 527 52820230909: 529 Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which 530 belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module 531 loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are 532 corresponding kernel environment variables. 533 53420230901: 535 The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have 536 been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively. 537 53820230824: 539 FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT. 540 54120230817: 542 Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has 543 been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry 544 practice and typical firmware serial console redirection 545 configuration. 546 547 Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not 548 support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may 549 set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot 550 components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start 551 with the serial port at 115200. 552 55320230807: 554 Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus- 555 frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is 556 integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's 557 no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or 558 "device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration. 559 56020230803: 561 MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config. 562 Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt. 563 56420230724: 565 CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g 566 to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional 567 BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems 568 for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of 569 the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces. 570 57120230713: 572 stable/14 branch created. 573 57420230629: 575 The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires 576 atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional 577 change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please 578 file a PR and assign it to imp. 579 58020230623: 581 OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout 582 the base system. It is important to rebuild third-party software 583 after upgrading. 584 58520230619: 586 To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf 587 filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered 588 locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets 589 delivered to lo0. To enable this feature: 590 591 sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1 592 service pf restart 593 594 When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not 595 filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule. 596 59720230613: 598 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now 599 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+ 600 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single 601 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't 602 already properly quoted or escaped. 603 60420230612: 605 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda. 606 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a 607 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1 608 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel 609 config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add 610 kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf. The default has been nda on 611 all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back, 612 please email imp@freebsd.org about why. 613 614 Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you 615 migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd. 616 61720230422: 618 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree 619 using git instead. 620 62120230420: 622 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging 623 eg. 624 make buildworld-jobs 625 runs 626 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1 627 628 where JOB_MAX is derived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env. 629 63020230316: 631 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed. 632 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 633 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and 634 "device imx6_ipu" to it. 635 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 636 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it. 637 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't 638 exist anymore. 639 64020230221: 641 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 642 for details. 643 64420230206: 645 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 646 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 647 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 648 64920230204: 650 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 651 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 652 65320230130: 654 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 655 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 656 to compile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 657 65820230126: 659 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 660 system are now built unconditionally. 661 66220230113: 663 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 664 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 665 66620221212: 667 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 668 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 669 670 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 671 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 672 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 673 67420221205: 675 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 676 to re-enable sendmail(8): 677 678 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 679 680 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 681 68220221204: 683 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 684 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 685 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 686 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 687 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 688 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 689 690 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 691 69220221122: 693 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 694 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 695 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 696 69720221121: 698 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 699 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 700 70120221026: 702 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 703 for pkgbase users to do: 704 705 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 706 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 707 708 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 709 installed. 710 71120221002: 712 OPIE has been removed from the base system. If needed, it can 713 be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie). 714 Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference 715 pam_opie or pam_opieaccess. 716 71720220610: 718 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 719 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 720 72120211230: 722 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 723 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 724 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 725 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 726 reflect this change. 727 72820211214: 729 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 730 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 731 73220211209: 733 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 734 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 735 the coming days and weeks. 736 737 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 738 or touch 739 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 740 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 741 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 742 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 743 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 744 74520211202: 746 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 747 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 748 statement in unbound.conf: 749 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 750 751 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 752 753 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 754 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 755 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 756 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 757 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 758 such names when roaming to different homenets. 759 76020211110: 761 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 762 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 763 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 764 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 765 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 766 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 767 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 768 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 769 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 770 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 771 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 772 77320211118: 774 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 775 tree shortly. 776 77720211106: 778 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 779 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 780 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 781 may need to be modified. 782 78320211022: 784 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 785 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 786 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 787 78820211020: 789 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 790 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 791 792 # chsh -s csh 793 79420211004: 795 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 796 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 797 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 798 this change. 799 80020210923: 801 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 802 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 803 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 804 list of modules to load on their systems. 805 80620210922: 807 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 808 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 809 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 810 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 811 81220210911: 813 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 814 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 815 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 816 being loaded. 817 81820210817: 819 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 820 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 821 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 822 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 823 application-specific configuration option for applications 824 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 825 82620210811: 827 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 828 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 829 83020210730: 831 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 832 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 833 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 834 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 835 83620210729: 837 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 838 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 839 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 840 84120210716: 842 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 843 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 844 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 845 84620210715: 847 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 848 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 849 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 850 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 851 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 852 to update your sources past the above hash and do 853 % cd usr.bin/awk 854 % make clean all 855 % sudo -E make install 856 to enable building kernels again. 857 85820210708: 859 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 860 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 861 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 862 86320210707: 864 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 865 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 866 86720210624: 868 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 869 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 870 for NFSv4 mounts. 871 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 872 87320210618: 874 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 875 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 876 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 877 additions and others. 878 87920210618: 880 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 881 renamed to "untrusted". 882 88320210611: 884 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 885 please install the svn package or port. 886 88720210611: 888 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 889 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 890 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 891 89220210610: 893 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 894 89520210608: 896 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 897 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 898https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 899 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 900 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 901 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 902 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 903 90420210525: 905 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 906 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 907 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 908 detect this. 909 91020210513: 911 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 912 libraries and utilities are packaged. 913 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 914 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 915 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 916 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 917 on the system. 918 91920210426: 920 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 921 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 922 need to be rebuilt from sources. 923 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 924 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 925 is not recommended. 926 92720210411: 928 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 929 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 930 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 931 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 932 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 933 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 934 93520210330: 936 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 937 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 938 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 939 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 940 94120210225: 942 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 943 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 944 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 945 94620210128: 947 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 948 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 949 update. 950 95120210121: 952 stable/13 branch created. 953 95420210108: 955 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 956 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 957 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 958 since it was bumped so recently. 959 96020210107: 961 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 962 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 963 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 964 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 965 96620210105: 967 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 968 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 969 requires a clean build. 970 97120201223: 972 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 973 instructions can be found at 974 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 975 and other documents in that repo. 976 97720201216: 978 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 979 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 980 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 981 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 982 98320201215: 984 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 985 may be installed from ports or packages. 986 98720201124: 988 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 989 See ping(8) for details. 990 99120201108: 992 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 993 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 994 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 995 99620201030: 997 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 998 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 999 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 1000 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 1001 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 1002 100320201026: 1004 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 1005 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 1006 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 1007 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 1008 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 1009 find. 1010 101120200923: 1012 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 1013 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 1014 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 1015 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 1016 1017 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 1018 command you want to un-auger the tree is 1019 cd sys/amd64/conf 1020 svn revert -R . 1021 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 1022 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 1023 102420200824: 1025 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 1026 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 1027 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 1028 unless you want to use new features. 1029 1030 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 1031 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 1032 rebuilding world may fail. 1033 1034 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 1035 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 1036 1037 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 1038 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 1039 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 1040 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 1041 104220200824: 1043 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 1044 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 1045 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 1046 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 1047 104820200821: 1049 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 1050 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 1051 sources. 1052 105320200817: 1054 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 1055 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 1056 105720200816: 1058 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1059 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1060 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1061 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1062 106320200810: 1064 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 1065 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 1066 from sources, so a version bump was done. 1067 106820200807: 1069 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 1070 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 1071 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 1072 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 1073 107420200729: 1075 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 1076 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 1077 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 1078 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 1079 continue to function. 1080 1081 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 1082 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 1083 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 1084 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 1085 108620200627: 1087 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 1088 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 1089 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 1090 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 1091 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 1092 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 1093 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 1094 109520200625: 1096 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 1097 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 1098 109920200613: 1100 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 1101 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 1102 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 1103 110420200604: 1105 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 1106 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 1107 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 1108 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 1109 1110 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 1111 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 1112 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 1113 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 1114 /root/.shrc. 1115 111620200523: 1117 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1118 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1119 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1120 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1121 112220200512: 1123 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 1124 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 1125 112620200424: 1127 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 1128 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 1129 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 1130 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 1131 be functional without closefrom(2). 1132 113320200414: 1134 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 1135 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 1136 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 1137 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 1138 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 1139 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 1140 114120200310: 1142 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1143 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1144 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1145 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1146 114720200309: 1148 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 1149 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 1150 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 1151 115220200301: 1153 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 1154 115520200229: 1156 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 1157 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 1158 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 1159 116020200229: 1161 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 1162 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 1163 116420200229: 1165 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 1166 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 1167 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 1168 ports or packages. 1169 117020200220: 1171 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 1172 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 1173 ncurses. 1174 117520200217: 1176 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 1177 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 1178 together with their new kernel. 1179 118020200212: 1181 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 1182 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 1183 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 1184 1185 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 1186 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 1187 118820200108: 1189 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 1190 linker for riscv64. 1191 119220200107: 1193 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 1194 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 1195 external toolchain package. 1196 119720200104: 1198 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 1199 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 1200 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 1201 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 1202 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 1203 120420200102: 1205 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 1206 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 1207 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 1208 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 1209 121020191226: 1211 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 1212 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 1213 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 1214 ABI. 1215 121620191226: 1217 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 1218 121920191222: 1220 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1221 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1222 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1223 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1224 122520191212: 1226 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 1227 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 1228 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 1229 123020191205: 1231 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 1232 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 1233 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 1234 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 1235 differences between those included in the port and those included in 1236 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 1237 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 1238 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 1239 124020191120: 1241 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 1242 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 1243 for automounting. 1244 124520191107: 1246 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 1247 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 1248 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 1249 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 1250 add superio to the set. 1251 125220191021: 1253 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 1254 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 1255 125620191021: 1257 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 1258 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 1259 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 1260 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 1261 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 1262 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 1263 completely in the future. 1264 126520191009: 1266 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 1267 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 1268 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 1269 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 1270 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 1271 will be removed from the list. 1272 127320191009: 1274 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1275 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1276 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1277 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1278 127920191003: 1280 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 1281 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 1282 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 1283 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 1284 128520190913: 1286 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 1287 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 1288 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 1289 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 1290 129120190823: 1292 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 1293 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 1294 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 1295 129620190727: 1297 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 1298 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 1299 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 1300 your scripts, because they had no effect. 1301 1302 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 1303 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 1304 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 1305 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 1306 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 1307 130820190713: 1309 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 1310 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 1311 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 1312 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 1313 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 1314 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 1315 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 1316 131720190620: 1318 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 1319 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 1320 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 1321 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 1322 132320190612: 1324 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1325 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1326 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1327 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1328 132920190608: 1330 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 1331 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 1332 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 1333 133420190513: 1335 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 1336 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 1337 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 1338 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 1339 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 1340 avoid running into the limit. 1341 134220190507: 1343 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 1344 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 1345 134620190507: 1347 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 1348 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 1349 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 1350 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 1351 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 1352 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 1353 135420190418: 1355 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 1356 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 1357 entropy: 1358 1359 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 1360 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 1361 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 1362 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 1363 availability properties. 1364 1365 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 1366 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 1367 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 1368 initial condition, if desired. 1369 1370 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 1371 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 1372 1373 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 1374 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 1375 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 1376 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 1377 137820190416: 1379 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 1380 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 1381 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 1382 therefore unblocked). 1383 138420190404: 1385 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 1386 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 1387 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 1388 is added to the command line. 1389 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 1390 not affected and should continue to work. 1391 139220190320: 1393 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 1394 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 1395 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 1396 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 1397 139820190304: 1399 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1400 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1401 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1402 or higher. 1403 140420190226: 1405 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 1406 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 1407 kernel config. 1408 140920190219: 1410 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 1411 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 1412 migrating to the drm ports. 1413 141420190131: 1415 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 1416 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 1417 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 1418 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 1419 is loaded automatically. 1420 142120190125: 1422 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 1423 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 1424 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 1425 kernel config files. 1426 142720181230: 1428 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 1429 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 1430 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 1431 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 1432 143320181220: 1434 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 1435 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 1436 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 1437 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 1438 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 1439 most NFSv4 mounts. 1440 144120181219: 1442 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 1443 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 1444 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 1445 1446 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 1447 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 1448 1449 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 1450 removed from the mips port. 1451 145220181211: 1453 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1454 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1455 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1456 or higher. 1457 145820181211: 1459 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 1460 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 1461 146220181126: 1463 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 1464 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 1465 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 1466 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 1467 146820181123: 1469 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 1470 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 1471 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 1472 147320181115: 1474 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 1475 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 1476 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 1477 FreeBSD versions. 1478 147920181110: 1480 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 1481 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 1482 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 1483 1484 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 1485 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 1486 being included using the command: 1487 $ newsyslog -Nrv 1488 148920181019: 1490 Stable/12 was branched created. 1491 149220181015: 1493 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 1494 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 1495 drm-legacy-kmod. 1496 1497 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 1498 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 1499 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 1500 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 1501 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 1502 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 1503 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 1504 that as you will get better support. 1505 1506 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 1507 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 1508 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 1509 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 1510 1511 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 1512 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 1513 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 1514 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 1515 shortly. 1516 151720181012: 1518 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 1519 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 1520 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 1521 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 1522 be adjusted as necessary. 1523 152420181009: 1525 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 1526 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 1527 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 1528 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 1529 153020181006: 1531 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 1532 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 1533 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 1534 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 1535 encouraged. 1536 153720181002: 1538 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 1539 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 1540 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 1541 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 1542 nda device name. 1543 154420180913: 1545 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 1546 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 1547 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 1548 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 1549 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 1550 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 1551 155220180826: 1553 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 1554 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 1555 default since FreeBSD-11. 1556 155720180822: 1558 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 1559 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 1560 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 1561 156220180818: 1563 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 1564 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 1565 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 1566 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 1567 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 1568 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 1569 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 1570 1571 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 1572 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 1573 157420180815: 1575 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 1576 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 1577 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 1578 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 1579 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 1580 may not be observed in a future release. 1581 158220180808: 1583 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 1584 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 1585 your environment. 1586 158720180731: 1588 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 1589 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 1590 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 1591 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 1592 159320180730: 1594 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 1595 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 1596 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 1597 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 1598 runtime services. 1599 160020180727: 1601 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 1602 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 1603 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 1604 160520180723: 1606 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 1607 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 1608 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 1609 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 1610 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 1611 161220180720: 1613 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 1614 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 1615 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 1616 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 1617 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 1618 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 1619 162020180719: 1621 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1622 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1623 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1624 boot_serial=YES 1625 boot_multicons=YES 1626 in /boot/loader.conf 1627 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1628 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1629 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1630 163120180719: 1632 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1633 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1634 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1635 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1636 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1637 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1638 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1639 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1640 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1641 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1642 by the ntpd user. 1643 164420180717: 1645 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1646 164720180711: 1648 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1649 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1650 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1651 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1652 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1653 165420180705: 1655 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1656 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1657 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1658 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1659 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1660 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1661 166220180702: 1663 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1664 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1665 166620180701: 1667 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1668 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1669 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1670 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1671 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1672 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1673 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1674 167520180630: 1676 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1677 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1678 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1679 or higher. 1680 168120180628: 1682 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1683 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1684 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1685 file. 1686 168720180612: 1688 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1689 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1690 169120180530: 1692 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1693 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1694 longer necessary. 1695 169620180530: 1697 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1698 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1699 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1700 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1701 170220180523: 1703 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1704 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1705 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1706 later than r334108. 1707 170820180517: 1709 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1710 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1711 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1712 it must be removed. 1713 171420180510: 1715 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1716 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1717 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1718 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1719 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1720 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1721 will go away. 1722 1723 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1724 workaround is necessary. 1725 172620180508: 1727 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1728 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1729 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1730 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1731 173220180504: 1733 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1734 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1735 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1736 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1737 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1738 173920180502: 1740 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1741 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1742 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1743 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1744 174520180501: 1746 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1747 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1748 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1749 be removed. 1750 175120180413: 1752 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1753 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1754 removed. 1755 175620180411: 1757 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1758 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1759 removed. 1760 176120180406: 1762 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1763 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1764 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1765 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1766 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1767 1768 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1769 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1770 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1771 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1772 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1773 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1774 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1775 1776 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1777 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1778 1779 source src { 1780 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1781 } 1782 1783 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1784 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1785 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1786 1787 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1788 1789 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1790 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1791 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1792 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1793 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1794 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1795 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1796 1797 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1798 change. 1799 180020180328: 1801 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1802 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1803 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1804 180520180323: 1806 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1807 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1808 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1809 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1810 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1811 should be as simple as: 1812 1813 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1814 $ make depend all install 1815 181620180212: 1817 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1818 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1819 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1820 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1821 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1822 provisions for backup boot methods. 1823 182420180211: 1825 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1826 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1827 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1828 imp@freebsd.org. 1829 183020180114: 1831 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1832 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1833 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1834 or higher. 1835 183620180110: 1837 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1838 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1839 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1840 1841 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1842 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1843 184420180110: 1845 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1846 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1847 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1848 remove it from kernel config files. 1849 185020180104: 1851 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1852 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1853 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1854 1855 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1856 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1857 185820180102: 1859 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1860 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1861 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1862 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1863 186420171215: 1865 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1866 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1867 186820171214: 1869 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1870 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1871 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1872 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1873 187420171125: 1875 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1876 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1877 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1878 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1879 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1880 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1881 188220171110: 1883 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1884 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1885 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1886 188720171106: 1888 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1889 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1890 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1891 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1892 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1893 189420171102: 1895 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1896 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1897 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1898 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1899 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1900 environment. 1901 190220171101: 1903 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1904 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1905 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1906 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1907 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1908 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1909 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1910 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1911 than hardcoding paths. 1912 191320171028: 1914 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1915 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1916 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1917 191820171021: 1919 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1920 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1921 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1922 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1923 192420171010: 1925 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1926 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1927 192820171005: 1929 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1930 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1931 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1932 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1933 193420171003: 1935 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1936 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1937 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1938 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1939 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1940 194120170912: 1942 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1943 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1944 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1945 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1946 /etc/ctl.conf . 1947 194820170912: 1949 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1950 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1951 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1952 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1953 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1954 195520170826: 1956 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1957 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1958 195920170825: 1960 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1961 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1962 to complete. 1963 196420170814: 1965 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1966 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1967 ${TESTSDIR}. 1968 1969 Behavioral changes: 1970 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1971 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1972 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1973 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1974 1975 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1976 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1977 sandbox if successful. 1978 1979 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1980 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1981 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1982 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1983 an unprivileged user. 1984 198520170808: 1986 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1987 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1988 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1989 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1990 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1991 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1992 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1993 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1994 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1995 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1996 to which you should answer yes. 1997 199820170728: 1999 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 2000 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 2001 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 2002 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 2003 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 2004 200520170722: 2006 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 2007 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2008 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2009 201020170701: 2011 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 2012 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 2013 201420170625: 2015 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 2016 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 2017 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 2018 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 2019 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 2020 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 2021 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 2022 202320170623: 2024 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 2025 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 2026 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 2027 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 2028 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 2029 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 2030 203120170620: 2032 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 2033 if you require the GPL compiler. 2034 203520170619: 2036 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 2037 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 2038 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 2039 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 2040 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 2041 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 2042 204320170618: 2044 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 2045 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 2046 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 2047 204820170617: 2049 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 2050 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 2051 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 2052 followed. 2053 205420170531: 2055 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 2056 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 2057 from ports (and recommends to install it). 2058 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 2059 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 2060 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 2061 206220170524: 2063 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 2064 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 2065 which only require one chipset support. 2066 2067 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 2068 2069 if_ath_load="YES" 2070 2071 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 2072 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 2073 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 2074 2075 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 2076 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 2077 2078 * load ath_hal 2079 * load the chip modules in question 2080 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 2081 * load ath_main 2082 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 2083 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 2084 2085 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 2086 208720170523: 2088 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 2089 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 2090 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 2091 2092 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 2093 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 2094 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 2095 2096 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 2097 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 2098 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 2099 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 2100 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 2101 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 2102 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 2103 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 2104 210520170424: 2106 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 2107 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 2108 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 2109 211020170420: 2111 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 2112 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 2113 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 2114 211520170413: 2116 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 2117 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 2118 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 2119 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 2120 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 2121 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 2122 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 2123 212420170407: 2125 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 2126 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 2127 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 2128 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 2129 213020170405: 2131 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 2132 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 2133 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 2134 213520170331: 2136 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 2137 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 2138 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 2139 214020170329: 2141 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 2142 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 2143 2144 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 2145 via one of the following methods: 2146 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 2147 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 2148 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 2149 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 2150 2151 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 2152 215320170316: 2154 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 2155 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 2156 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 2157 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 2158 with mmc.ko). 2159 216020170315: 2161 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 2162 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 2163 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 2164 be prefixed with colon. 2165 216620170311: 2167 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 2168 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 2169 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 2170 217120170302: 2172 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 2173 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2174 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2175 217620170221: 2177 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 2178 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 2179 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 2180 change. 2181 218220170216: 2183 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 2184 valid. 2185 218620170215: 2187 MCA bus support has been removed. 2188 218920170127: 2190 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 2191 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 2192 219320170112: 2194 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 2195 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 2196 219720170109: 2198 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 2199 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 2200 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 2201 configuration. 2202 220320161217: 2204 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 2205 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2206 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2207 220820161124: 2209 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 2210 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2211 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2212 221320161119: 2214 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 2215 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 2216 that link against it need to be recompiled. 2217 221820161030: 2219 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 2220 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 2221 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 2222 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 2223 222420161017: 2225 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 2226 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 2227 parts. 2228 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 2229 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 2230 223120161015: 2232 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 2233 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 2234 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 2235 removed from base. 2236 223720161008: 2238 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 2239 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 2240 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 2241 224220161003: 2243 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 2244 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 2245 224620160924: 2247 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 2248 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 2249 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 2250 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 2251 225220160918: 2253 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 2254 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 2255 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 2256 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 2257 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 2258 225920160918: 2260 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 2261 226220160908: 2263 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 2264 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 2265 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 2266 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 2267 226820160824: 2269 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 2270 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 2271 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 2272 to 1200005. 2273 227420160818: 2275 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 2276 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 2277 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 2278 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 2279 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 2280 0. 2281 228220160818: 2283 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 2284 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 2285 228620160708: 2287 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 2288 2289After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 2290from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 2291entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 2292UPDATING file. 2293 2294COMMON ITEMS: 2295 2296 General Notes 2297 ------------- 2298 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 2299 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 2300 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 2301 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 2302 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 2303 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 2304 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 2305 report a bug if it happens consistently. 2306 2307 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 2308 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 2309 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 2310 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 2311 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 2312 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 2313 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 2314 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 2315 an exception. 2316 2317 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 2318 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 2319 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 2320 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 2321 step. 2322 2323 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 2324 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 2325 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 2326 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 2327 2328 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 2329 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 2330 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 2331 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 2332 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 2333 should write them with this in mind. 2334 2335 ZFS notes 2336 --------- 2337 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 2338 always follow these three steps: 2339 2340 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 2341 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 2342 2343 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 2344 doing a zpool upgrade): 2345 2346 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 2347 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 2348 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 2349 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 2350 2351 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 2352 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 2353 zpool upgrade. 2354 2355 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 2356 2357 EFI notes 2358 --------- 2359 2360 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 2361 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 2362 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 2363 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 2364 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 2365 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 2366 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 2367 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 2368 2369 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 2370 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 2371 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 2372 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 2373 2374 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 2375 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 2376 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 2377 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 2378 2379 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 2380 2381 To build a kernel 2382 ----------------- 2383 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 2384 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 2385 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 2386 2387 make kernel-toolchain 2388 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2389 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2390 2391 If you are running kernel modules from ports, see FOOTNOTE [1]. 2392 2393 To test a kernel once 2394 --------------------- 2395 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 2396 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 2397 debugging information) run 2398 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 2399 nextboot -k testkernel 2400 2401 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 2402 ----------------------------------------------------------- 2403 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 2404 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 2405 2406 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> [2] 2407 make buildworld 2408 <make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set> [1] 2409 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2410 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2411 <reboot in single user> [3] 2412 etcupdate -p [5] 2413 make installworld 2414 etcupdate -B [4] 2415 make delete-old [6] 2416 <reboot> 2417 2418 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 2419 -------------------------------------------------- 2420 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 2421 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 2422 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 2423 # size. 2424 2425 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2426 <boot into -stable> 2427 make buildworld 2428 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [1] 2429 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 2430 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 2431 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 2432 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 2433 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 2434 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 2435 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 2436 <reboot into current> 2437 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 2438 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 2439 <reboot> 2440 2441 2442 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 2443 ---------------------------------------------- 2444 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> [2] 2445 make buildworld [9] 2446 <make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set> [1] 2447 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 2448 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2449 <reboot in single user> [3] 2450 etcupdate -p [5] 2451 make installworld 2452 etcupdate -B [4] 2453 make delete-old [6] 2454 <reboot> 2455 2456 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 2457 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 2458 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 2459 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 2460 the UPDATING entries. 2461 2462 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 2463 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 2464 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 2465 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 2466 much fewer pitfalls. 2467 2468FOOTNOTES: 2469 2470 [1] If you have third party modules, such as drm-kmod or vmware, you 2471 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your system on 2472 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 2473 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 2474 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 2475 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 2476 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 2477 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 2478 and effective, eg: 2479 PORTS_MODULES+=graphics/drm-kmod graphics/nvidia-drm-kmod 2480 2481 [2] To make complete dumps on zfs(4), use bectl(8), which 2482 creates bootable snapshots of configurable depth that are 2483 selectable via the bootloader. For ufs(4), use dump(8) and 2484 restore(8). 2485 2486 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 2487 fsck -p 2488 mount -u / 2489 mount -a 2490 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 2491 cd src # full path to source 2492 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 2493 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 2494 into single user mode to do the installworld. 2495 2496 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 2497 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 2498 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 2499 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 2500 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 2501 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 2502 2503 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 2504 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 2505 step. 2506 2507 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 2508 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 2509 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 2510 2511 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 2512 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 2513 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 2514 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 2515 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 2516 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 2517 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 2518 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 2519 2520 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 2521 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 2522 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 2523 for these as well. 2524 2525 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 2526 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 2527 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 2528 2529 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 2530 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 2531 warn if it is improperly defined. 2532FORMAT: 2533 2534This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 2535breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 2536list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 2537If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 2538to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 2539 2540Copyright information: 2541 2542Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 2543 2544Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 2545modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 2546document are permitted without further permission from the author. 2547 2548THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 2549IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 2550WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 2551DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 2552INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 2553(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 2554SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 2555HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 2556STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 2557IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 2558POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 2559 2560Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 2561this document. 2562