1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 9.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 9.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520100402: 26 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 27 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 28 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 29 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 30 WITH_CTF=yes"). 31 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 32 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 33 to unwanted behavior. 34 3520100311: 36 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 37 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 38 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 39 be modified accordingly. 40 4120100113: 42 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 43 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 44 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 45 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 46 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 47 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 48 49 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 50 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 51 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 52 use of utmpx. 53 54 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 55 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 56 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 57 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 58 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 59 6020100108: 61 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 62 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 63 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 64 6520091202: 66 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 67 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 68 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 69 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 70 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 71 72 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 73 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 74 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 75 76 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 77 7820091113: 79 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 80 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 81 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 82 operation of applications on the console. 83 84 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 85 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 86 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 87 cons25. 88 89 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 90 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 91 performed by syscons(4). 92 9320091109: 94 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 95 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 96 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 97 98 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 99 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 100 new structure. 101 10220091025: 103 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 104 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 105 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 106 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 107 your wireless card, use the the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 108 iwn5150fw. 109 11020090926: 111 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 112 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 113 114 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 115 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 116 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 117 118 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 119 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 120 121 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 122 they are obsolete. 123 124 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 125 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 126 127 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 128 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 129 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 130 131 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 132 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 133 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 134 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 135 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 136 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 137 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 138 using ifconfig(8) like: 139 140 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 141 142 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 143 IPv6-preferred. 144 145 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 146 147 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 148 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 149 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 150 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 151 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 152 15320090922: 154 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 155 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 156 15720090912: 158 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 159 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 160 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 161 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 162 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 163 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 164 16520090910: 166 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 167 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 168 16920090825: 170 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 171 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 172 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 173 is 1000. 174 17520090813: 176 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 177 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 178 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 179 18020090803: 181 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 182 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 183 18420090719: 185 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 186 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 187 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 188 18920090714: 190 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 191 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 192 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 193 19420090713: 195 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 196 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 197 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 198 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 199 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 200 20120090712: 202 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 203 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 204 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 205 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 206 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 207 20820090630: 209 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 210 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 211 may need to be adjusted. 212 21320090629: 214 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 215 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 216 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 217 with routing sockets. 218 21920090628: 220 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 221 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 222 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 223 22420090624: 225 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 226 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 227 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 228 800100. 229 23020090622: 231 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 232 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 233 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 234 23520090619: 236 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 237 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 238 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 239 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 240 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 241 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 242 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 243 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 244 245 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 246 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 247 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 248 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 249 authentication method is used. 250 25120090616: 252 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 253 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 254 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 255 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 256 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 257 25820090613: 259 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 260 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 261 26220090611: 263 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 264 be rebuilt. 265 26620090608: 267 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 268 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 269 27020090602: 271 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 272 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 273 27420090601: 275 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 276 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 277 re-compiled. 278 27920090601: 280 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 281 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 282 rebuilt. 283 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 284 28520090530: 286 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 287 more valid. 288 28920090530: 290 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 291 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 292 29320090529: 294 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 295 rebuilt. 296 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 297 29820090528: 299 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 300 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 301 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 302 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 303 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 304 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 305 30620090527: 307 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 308 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 309 31020090523: 311 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 312 need to be rebuilt. 313 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 314 31520090523: 316 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 317 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 318 31920090520: 320 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 321 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 322 32320090520: 324 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 325 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 326 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 327 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 328 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 329 33020090430: 331 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 332 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 333 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 334 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 335 correctly checking networking state from userland. 336 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 337 33820090429: 339 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 340 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 341 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 342 follows the IPv4 implementation. 343 344 For kernel developers: 345 346 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 347 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 348 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 349 350 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 351 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 352 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 353 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 354 355 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 356 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 357 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 358 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 359 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 360 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 361 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 362 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 363 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 364 multicast membership on-link. 365 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 366 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 367 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 368 369 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 370 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 371 stack. 372 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 373 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 374 semantics. 375 376 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 377 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 378 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 379 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 380 381 For application developers: 382 383 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 384 stack. 385 386 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 387 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 388 389 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 390 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 391 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 392 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 393 394 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 395 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 396 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 397 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 398 Multicast Source Filters'. 399 400 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 401 402 For systems administrators: 403 404 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 405 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 406 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 407 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 408 returned by getifaddrs(3). 409 410 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 411 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 412 413 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 414 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 415 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 416 recommended for optimal system performance. 417 418 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 419 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 420 back forwarded datagrams. 421 422 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 423 42420090422: 425 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 426 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 427 42820090419: 429 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 430 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 431 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 432 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 433 43420090415: 435 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 436 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 437 state will require a world rebuild. 438 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 439 44020090415: 441 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 442 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 443 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 444 44520090414: 446 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 447 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 448 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 449 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 450 load balancing. 451 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 452 45320090408: 454 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 455 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 456 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 457 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 458 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 459 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 460 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 461 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 462 46320090407: 464 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 465 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 466 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 467 46820090320: 469 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 470 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 471 introduces some changes: 472 473 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 474 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 475 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 476 477 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 478 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 479 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 480 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 481 482 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 483 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 484 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 485 the "386BSD" type). 486 487 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 488 48920090319: 490 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 491 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 492 (supported by sane). 493 49420090319: 495 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 496 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 497 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 498 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 499 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 500 50120090315: 502 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 503 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 504 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 505 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 506 used. 507 50820090313: 509 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 510 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 511 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 512 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 513 51420090313: 515 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 516 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 517 51820090309: 519 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 520 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 521 522 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 523 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 524 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 525 526 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 527 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 528 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 529 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 530 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 531 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 532 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 533 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 534 535 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 536 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 537 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 538 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 539 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 540 to preserve the existing behaviour. 541 542 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 543 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 544 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 545 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 546 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 547 548 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 549 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 550 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 551 via IGMP. 552 553 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 554 recompiled to reflect this. 555 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 556 55720090309: 558 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 559 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 560 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 561 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 562 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 563 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 564 56520090302: 566 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 567 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 568 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 569 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 570 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 571 raised to allow such segments to be created. 572 57320090301: 574 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 575 network device driver modules. 576 57720090227: 578 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 579 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 580 58120090223: 582 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 583 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 584 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 585 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 586 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 587 apply. 588 58920090217: 590 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 591 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 592 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 593 use the new name. 594 59520090216: 596 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 597 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 598 add 599 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 600 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 601 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 602 60320090215: 604 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 605 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 606 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 607 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 608 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 609 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 610 611 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 612 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 613 be used for this: 614 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 615 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 616 61720090209: 618 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 619 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 620 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 621 62220090203: 623 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 624 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 625 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 626 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 627 same interface. 628 62920090201: 630 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 631 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 632 63320090119: 634 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 635 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 636 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 637 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 638 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 639 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 640 64120090115: 642 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 643 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 644 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 645 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 646 64720081225: 648 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 649 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 650 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 651 in next mpd5.3 release. 652 65320081219: 654 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 655 the base system (it was a port). 656 65720081216: 658 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 659 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 660 66120081214: 662 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 663 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 664 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 665 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 666 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 667 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 668 none of the L2 information. 669 67020081130: 671 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 672 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 673 674 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 675 676 to their kernel config files when specifying: 677 678 device ath_hal 679 680 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 681 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 682 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 683 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 684 68520081121: 686 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 687 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 688 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 689 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 690 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 691 packets. 692 69320081117: 694 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 695 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 696 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 697 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 698 69920081028: 700 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 701 70220081009: 703 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 704 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 705 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 706 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 707 controller add the following to loader.conf: 708 709 uhci_load="YES" 710 ehci_load="YES" 711 71220081009: 713 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 714 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 715 sync. 716 71720081009: 718 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 719 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 720 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 721 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 722 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 723 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 724 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 725 72620080820: 727 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 728 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 729 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 730 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 731 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 732 733 PCI/ISA: 734 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 735 736 USB: 737 ubser, ucycom 738 739 Line disciplines: 740 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 741 742 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 743 cause compilation to fail. 744 74520080818: 746 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 747 74820080801: 749 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 750 751 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 752 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 753 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 754 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 755 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 756 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 757 accepting the RSA key. 758 759 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 760 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 761 command line. 762 763 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 764 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 765 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 766 behavior. 767 76820080713: 769 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 770 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 771 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 772 773 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 774 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 775 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 776 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 777 use the new device names. 778 779 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 780 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 781 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 782 at the loader prompt: 783 784 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 785 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 786 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 787 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 788 boot -s 789 79020080609: 791 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 792 disks instead. 793 79420080603: 795 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 796 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 797 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 798 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 799 80020080525: 801 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 802 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 803 80420080509: 805 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 806 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 807 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 808 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 809 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 810 81120080420: 812 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 813 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 814 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 815 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 816 For example, change: 817 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 818 to 819 wlans_ath0=wlan0 820 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 821 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 822 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 823 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 824 825 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 826 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 827 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 828 82920080408: 830 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 831 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 832 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 833 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 834 other operation levels. 835 83620080312: 837 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 838 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 839 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 840 compatibility with any prior release: 841 842 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 843 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 844 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 845 84620080301: 847 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 848 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 849 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 850 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 851 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 852 nonetheless. 853 85420080229: 855 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 856 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 857 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 858 with older hardware easier to do. 859 86020080220: 861 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 862 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 863 86420080211: 865 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 866 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 867 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 868 firewall rules. 869 87020080208: 871 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 872 mbuf chains. 873 87420080126: 875 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 876 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 877 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 878 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 879 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 880 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 881 third-party software might fail to build after this change 882 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 883 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 884 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 885 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 886 case that a portable fix is impossible. 887 88820080123: 889 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 890 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 891 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 892 89320071128: 894 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 895 functionality is the default now. 896 89720071118: 898 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 899 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 900 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 901 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 902 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 903 904 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 905 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 906 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 907 90820071024: 909 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 910 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 911 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 912 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 913 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 914 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 915 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 916 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 917 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 918 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 919 however. 920 92120071020: 922 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 923 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 924 used kproc_start().. 925 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 926 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 927 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 928 92920071010: 930 RELENG_7 branched. 931 932COMMON ITEMS: 933 934 General Notes 935 ------------- 936 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 937 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 938 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 939 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 940 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 941 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 942 several months have passed on the -current branch). 943 944 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 945 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 946 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 947 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 948 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 949 950 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 951 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 952 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 953 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 954 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 955 956 To build a kernel 957 ----------------- 958 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 959 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 960 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 961 962 make kernel-toolchain 963 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 964 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 965 966 To test a kernel once 967 --------------------- 968 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 969 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 970 debugging information) run 971 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 972 nextboot -k testkernel 973 974 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 975 -------------------------------------------------------------- 976 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 977 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 978 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 979 980 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 981 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 982 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 983 make depend 984 make 985 make install 986 987 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 988 989 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 990 ----------------------------------------------------------- 991 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 992 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 993 994 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 995 make buildworld 996 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 997 [1] 998 <reboot in single user> [3] 999 mergemaster -p [5] 1000 make installworld 1001 make delete-old 1002 mergemaster -i [4] 1003 <reboot> 1004 1005 1006 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1007 -------------------------------------------------- 1008 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1009 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1010 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1011 # size. 1012 1013 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1014 <boot into -stable> 1015 make buildworld 1016 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1017 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1018 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1019 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1020 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1021 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1022 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1023 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1024 <reboot into current> 1025 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1026 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1027 <reboot> 1028 1029 1030 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1031 ---------------------------------------------- 1032 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1033 make buildworld [9] 1034 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1035 [1] 1036 <reboot in single user> [3] 1037 mergemaster -p [5] 1038 make installworld 1039 make delete-old 1040 mergemaster -i [4] 1041 <reboot> 1042 1043 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1044 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1045 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1046 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1047 the UPDATING entries. 1048 1049 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1050 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1051 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1052 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1053 much fewer pitfalls. 1054 1055 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1056 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1057 system on reboot. 1058 1059 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1060 fsck -p 1061 mount -u / 1062 mount -a 1063 cd src 1064 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1065 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1066 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1067 1068 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1069 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1070 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1071 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1072 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1073 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1074 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1075 1076 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1077 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1078 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1079 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1080 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1081 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1082 1083 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1084 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1085 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1086 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1087 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1088 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1089 1090 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1091 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1092 1093 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1094 cvs prune empty directories. 1095 1096 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1097 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1098 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1099 1100 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1101 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1102 warn if it is improperly defined. 1103FORMAT: 1104 1105This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1106breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1107and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1108previous releases if your system is older than this. 1109 1110Copyright information: 1111 1112Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1113 1114Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1115modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1116document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1117 1118THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1119IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1120WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1121DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1122INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1123(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1124SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1125HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1126STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1127IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1128POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1129 1130Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1131this document. 1132 1133$FreeBSD$ 1134