1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520080820: 26 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 27 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 28 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 29 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 30 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 31 32 PCI/ISA: 33 cy, digi, rc, rp, si, sio 34 35 USB: 36 ubser, ucycom, ufoma 37 38 Line disciplines: 39 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 40 41 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 42 cause compilation to fail. 43 4420080818: 45 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 46 4720080801: 48 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 49 50 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 51 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 52 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 53 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 54 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 55 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 56 accepting the RSA key. 57 58 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 59 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 60 command line. 61 6220080713: 63 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 64 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 65 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 66 67 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 68 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 69 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 70 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 71 use the new device names. 72 73 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 74 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 75 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 76 at the loader prompt: 77 78 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 79 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 80 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 81 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 82 boot -s 83 8420080609: 85 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 86 disks instead. 87 8820080603: 89 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 90 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 91 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 92 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 93 9420080525: 95 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 96 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 97 9820080509: 99 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 100 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 101 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 102 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 103 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 104 10520080420: 106 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 107 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 108 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 109 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 110 For example, change: 111 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 112 to 113 wlans_ath0=wlan0 114 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 115 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 116 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 117 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 118 119 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 120 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 121 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 122 12320080408: 124 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 125 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 126 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 127 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 128 other operation levels. 129 13020080312: 131 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 132 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 133 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 134 compatibility with any prior release: 135 136 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 137 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 138 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 139 14020080301: 141 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 142 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 143 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 144 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 145 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 146 nonetheless. 147 14820080229: 149 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 150 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 151 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 152 with older hardware easier to do. 153 15420080220: 155 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 156 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 157 15820080211: 159 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 160 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 161 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 162 firewall rules. 163 16420080208: 165 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 166 mbuf chains. 167 16820080126: 169 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 170 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 171 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 172 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 173 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 174 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 175 third-party software might fail to build after this change 176 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 177 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 178 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 179 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 180 case that a portable fix is impossible. 181 18220080123: 183 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 184 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 185 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 186 18720071128: 188 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 189 functionality is the default now. 190 19120071118: 192 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 193 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 194 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 195 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 196 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 197 198 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 199 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 200 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 201 20220071024: 203 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 204 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 205 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 206 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 207 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 208 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 209 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 210 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 211 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 212 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 213 however. 214 21520071020: 216 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 217 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 218 used kproc_start().. 219 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 220 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 221 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 222 22320071010: 224 RELENG_7 branched. 225 22620071009: 227 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 228 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 229 23020070930: 231 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 232 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 233 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 234 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 235 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 236 23720070928: 238 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 239 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 240 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 241 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 242 rc.conf. 243 24420070921: 245 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 246 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 247 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 248 24920070704: 250 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 251 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 252 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 253 25420070702: 255 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 256 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 257 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 258 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 259 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 260 26120070701: 262 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 263 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 264 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 265 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 266 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 267 will change after some settling time. 268 26920070701: 270 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 271 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 272 information. 273 27420070612: 275 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 276 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 277 accordingly. 278 27920070612: 280 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 281 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 282 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 283 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 284 28520070612: 286 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 287 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 288 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 289 the IPv4 network stack. 290 291 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 292 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 293 has now been removed. 294 295 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 296 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 297 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 298 updated to reflect this. 299 300 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 301 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 302 interfaces. 303 30420070610: 305 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 306 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 307 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 308 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 309 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 310 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 311 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 312 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 313 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 314 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 315 operating properly. 316 31720070610: 318 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 319 function and starts providing an account management function. 320 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 321 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 322 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 323 324 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 325 326 and change it according to this example: 327 328 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 329 330 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 331 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 332 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 333 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 334 33520070529: 336 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 337 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 338 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 339 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 340 34120070516: 342 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 343 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 344 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 345 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 346 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 347 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 348 symbol. 349 35020070513: 351 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 352 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 353 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 354 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 355 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 356 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 357 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 358 359 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 360 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 361 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 362 36320070423: 364 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 365 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 366 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 367 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 368 36920070417: 370 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 371 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 372 37320070408: 374 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 375 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 376 base operating system should be recompiled. 377 37820070302: 379 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 380 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 381 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 382 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 383 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 384 38520070228: 386 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 387 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 388 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 389 deprecated in previous releases. 390 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 391 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 392 39320070224: 394 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 395 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 396 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 397 sync. For more info: 398 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 399 40020070224: 401 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 402 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 403 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 404 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 405 40620070214: 407 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 408 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 409 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 410 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 411 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 412 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 413 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 414 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 415 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 416 41720070210: 418 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 419 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 420 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 421 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 422 ip_mroute.ko module. 423 42420070207: 425 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 426 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 427 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 428 mrouted.conf. 429 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 430 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 431 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 432 43320061221: 434 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 435 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 436 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 437 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 438 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 439 in the loader. 440 44120061214: 442 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 443 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 444 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 445 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 446 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 447 44820061214: 449 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 450 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 451 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 452 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 453 45420061205: 455 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 456 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 457 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 458 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 459 linux module. 460 46120061126: 462 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 463 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 464 with exceptions of followings: 465 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 466 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 467 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 468 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 469 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 470 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 471 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 472 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 473 47420061122: 475 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 476 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 477 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 478 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 479 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 480 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 481 482 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 483 484 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 485 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 486 the array the same way you built it originally. 487 48820061122: 489 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 490 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 491 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 492 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 493 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 494 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 495 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 496 49720061113: 498 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 499 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 500 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 501 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 502 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 503 50420061110: 505 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 506 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 507 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 508 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 509 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 510 51120061026: 512 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 513 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 514 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 515 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 516 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 517 added to 'struct proc'. 518 51920060929: 520 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 521 52220060927: 523 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 524 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 525 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 526 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 527 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 528 52920060924: 530 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 531 53220060913: 533 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 534 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 535 systat needs to be rebuilt. 536 53720060903: 538 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 539 54020060816: 541 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 542 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 543 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 544 54520060725: 546 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 547 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 548 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 549 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 550 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 551 55220060709: 553 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 554 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 555 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 556 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 557 55820060627: 559 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 560 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 561 accordingly. 562 56320060514: 564 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 565 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 566 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 567 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 568 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 569 57020060511: 571 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 572 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 573 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 574 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 575 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 576 `make installworld' with: 577 578 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 579 580 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 581 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 582 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 583 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 584 58520060412: 586 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 587 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 588 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 589 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 590 rewrite rules. 591 59220060428: 593 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 594 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 595 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 596 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 597 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 598 implements the interface to support it. 599 60020060330: 601 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 602 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 603 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 604 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 605 functional. 606 60720060317: 608 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 609 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 610 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 611 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 612 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 613 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 614 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 615 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 616 likely follow. Posting to current@: 617 618 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 619 62020060305: 621 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 622 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 623 62420060303: 625 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 626 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 627 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 628 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 629 its dependencies. 630 63120060204: 632 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 633 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 634 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 635 63620060201: 637 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 638 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 639 64020060118: 641 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 642 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 643 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 644 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 645 on your next install. 646 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 647 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 648 to your /etc/make.conf. 649 65020060113: 651 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 652 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 653 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 654 65520060112: 656 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 657 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 658 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 659 66020060106: 661 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 662 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 663 66420060106: 665 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 666 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 667 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 668 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 669 67020051231: 671 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 672 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 673 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 674 67520051211: 676 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 677 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 678 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 679 accordingly. 680 68120051202: 682 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 683 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 684 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 685 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 686 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 687 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 688 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 689 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 690 69120051129: 692 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 693 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 694 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 695 69620051129: 697 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 698 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 699 70020051108: 701 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 702 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 703 70420051029: 705 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 706 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 707 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 708 70920051014: 710 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 711 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 712 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 713 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 714 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 715 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 716 modules afterwards. 717 71820051001: 719 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 720 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 721 72220050927: 723 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 724 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 725 72620050722: 727 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 728 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 729 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 730 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 731 architecture. 732 73320050711: 734 RELENG_6 branched here. 735 73620050629: 737 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 738 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 739 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 740 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 741 removable_interfaces. 742 74320050616: 744 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 745 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 746 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 747 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 748 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 749 affect existing configurations. 750 75120050610: 752 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 753 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 754 updated to the new APIs. 755 75620050609: 757 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 758 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 759 will not behave correctly. 760 761 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 762 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 763 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 764 76520050606: 766 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 767 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 768 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 769 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 770 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 771 772 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 773 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 774 anyway). 775 77620050605: 777 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 778 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 779 78020050603: 781 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 782 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 783 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 784 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 785 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 786 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 787 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 788 78920050528: 790 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 791 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 792 fail after this date. For full details, please see 793 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 794 79520050503: 796 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 797 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 798 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 799 80020050415: 801 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 802 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 803 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 804 should be updated. 805 80620050227: 807 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 808 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 809 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 810 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 811 81220050225: 813 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 814 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 815 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 816 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 817 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 818 none at this point.) 819 82020050224: 821 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 822 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 823 82420050223: 825 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 826 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 827 with the new kernel. 828 82920050223: 830 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 831 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 832 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 833 83420050220: 835 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 836 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 837 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 838 if you have updated the kernel. 839 840 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 841 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 842 mounting the new volume. 843 84420050206: 845 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 846 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 847 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 848 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 849 85020050206: 851 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 852 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 853 85420050114: 855 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 856 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 857 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 858 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 859 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 860 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 861 86220041221: 863 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 864 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 865 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 866 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 867 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 868 86920041219: 870 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 871 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 872 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 873 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 874 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 875 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 876 and wlan_xauth as required. 877 87820041213: 879 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 880 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 881 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 882 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 883 reflect the change. 884 88520041201: 886 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 887 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 888 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 889 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 890 the module when a wep key is configured). 891 89220041201: 893 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 894 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 895 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 896 89720041116: 898 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 899 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 900 90120041110: 902 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 903 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 904 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 905 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 906 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 907 their /etc/rc scripts. 908 90920041104: 910 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 911 91220041102: 913 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 914 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 915 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 916 91720041022: 918 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 919 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 920 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 921 92220041016: 923 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 924 in the RELENG_5 branch. 925 926COMMON ITEMS: 927 928 General Notes 929 ------------- 930 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 931 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 932 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 933 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 934 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 935 on the -current branch). 936 937 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 938 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 939 environment when searching for values for global variables. 940 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 941 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 942 page for more details. 943 944 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 945 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 946 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 947 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 948 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 949 version upgrade. 950 951 To build a kernel 952 ----------------- 953 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 954 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 955 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 956 957 make kernel-toolchain 958 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 959 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 960 961 To test a kernel once 962 --------------------- 963 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 964 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 965 debugging information) run 966 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 967 nextboot -k testkernel 968 969 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 970 -------------------------------------------------------------- 971 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 972 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 973 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 974 975 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 976 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 977 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 978 make depend 979 make 980 make install 981 982 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 983 984 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 985 ----------------------------------------------------------- 986 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 987 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 988 989 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 990 make buildworld 991 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 992 [1] 993 <reboot in single user> [3] 994 mergemaster -p [5] 995 make installworld 996 make delete-old 997 mergemaster [4] 998 <reboot> 999 1000 1001 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1002 -------------------------------------------------- 1003 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1004 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1005 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1006 # size. 1007 1008 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1009 <boot into -stable> 1010 make buildworld 1011 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1012 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1013 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1014 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1015 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1016 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1017 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1018 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1019 <reboot into current> 1020 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1021 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 1022 <reboot> 1023 1024 1025 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 1026 ---------------------------------------------- 1027 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1028 make buildworld [9] 1029 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1030 [1] 1031 <reboot in single user> [3] 1032 mergemaster -p [5] 1033 make installworld 1034 make delete-old 1035 mergemaster -i [4] 1036 <reboot> 1037 1038 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1039 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1040 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1041 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1042 the UPDATING entries. 1043 1044 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1045 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1046 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1047 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1048 much fewer pitfalls. 1049 1050 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1051 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1052 system on reboot. 1053 1054 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1055 fsck -p 1056 mount -u / 1057 mount -a 1058 cd src 1059 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1060 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1061 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1062 1063 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1064 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1065 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1066 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1067 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1068 for potential gotchas. 1069 1070 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1071 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1072 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1073 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1074 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1075 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1076 1077 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1078 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1079 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1080 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1081 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1082 1083 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1084 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1085 1086 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1087 cvs prune empty directories. 1088 1089 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1090 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1091 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1092 1093 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1094 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1095 warn if it is improperly defined. 1096FORMAT: 1097 1098This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1099breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1100and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1101previous releases if your system is older than this. 1102 1103Copyright information: 1104 1105Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1106 1107Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1108modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1109document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1110 1111THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1112IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1113WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1114DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1115INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1116(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1117SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1118HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1119STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1120IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1121POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1122 1123If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1124author a beer. 1125 1126Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1127this document. 1128 1129$FreeBSD$ 1130