1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 16.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 16.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020250912: 31 If SRCCONF is unset and a file named src.conf is present at 32 the top of the source tree, it will now be used instead of 33 /etc/src.conf. 34 3520250907: 36 The MANSPLITPKG knob has been turned off by default, so pkgbase builds 37 will no longer generate "-man" subpackages; instead the manpages will 38 be shipped in the packages they belong to. If you want to continue 39 building split man packages, set WITH_MANSPLITPKG=1. 40 4120250905: 42 FreeBSD 16.0-CURRENT. 43 4420250903: 45 The BLOAT_KERNEL_WITH_EXTERR kernel config option has been renamed to 46 EXTERR_STRINGS. 47 4820250827: 49 The names of pkg repositories defined in /etc/pkg/FreeBSD.conf have 50 changed: "FreeBSD" is now "FreeBSD-ports", and "FreeBSD-kmods" is now 51 "FreeBSD-ports-kmods". Users with /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos files 52 which override these will need to adjust their configuration to match 53 the new names. 54 5520250823: 56 The set of pkgbase packages for Kerberos and OpenSSL has changed. 57 After updating past 250e77d4f0a5, you should check 'pkg orphans' 58 and remove any orphaned packages, then examine the output of 59 'pkg install -r base -g FreeBSD-openssl\* FreeBSD-kerberos\*' 60 and install any new packages you need. 61 6220250823: 63 To restore bridge(4)'s ABI compatibility with ifconfig from 14.x or 64 earlier, the size of struct ifbreq has changed, so you must update 65 the kernel and /sbin/ifconfig at the same time or you will not be 66 able to add interfaces to bridge. This is particularly important 67 if you require bridge for network access during boot, in which case 68 you should install the new kernel and the new /sbin/ifconfig prior 69 to rebooting. 70 7120250820: 72 The WITHOUT_GSSAPI src.conf knob has been removed. This was already 73 a no-op for MIT Kerberos, so this only affects builds which set 74 WITHOUT_MITKRB5=1, in which case you now always get libgssapi. 75 76 Also, Heimdal's compile_et and libcom_err are now controlled by 77 WITHOUT_KERBEROS, not WITHOUT_KERBEROS_SUPPORT. This matches 78 the behaviour of the MIT Kerberos versions. 79 8020250820: 81 Commits 08c7dd2fbe4f and a4197ea47777 have changed the ABI between 82 libvmmapi and the vmm device. If using a custom kernel configuration, 83 please ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD14 option is included so older 84 versions of libvmmapi continue working as expected. 85 8620250819: 87 The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-on to default-off. 88 This reverts the 20250808 change below, which had reverted the 20240729 89 change before it. Note that some src.conf(5) options are known to break 90 ABI or compatibility in ways that may require a clean build initially 91 when switched. 92 9320250816: 94 Sendmail's libmilter has been moved to its own package. If you want 95 to compile applications that use libmilter, you should install the 96 FreeBSD-libmilter* packages. 97 98 If you only have FreeBSD-sendmail installed for applications that 99 require libmilter, you can now remove it. 100 10120250815: 102 The [gs]etgroups(2)syscalls have changed. To maintain backwards 103 compatibility with existing programs, you need COMPAT_FREEBSD14 in 104 your kernel config until all applications which use this are 105 rebuild/reinstalled. 106 10720250815: 108 jemalloc 5.3.0 has been committed to the tree. 109 11020250815: 111 The removal of Secure RPC DES authentication noted in 20250810 112 has been reverted. (However, it is still non-functional.) 113 11420250813: 115 Commit cce64f2e6851 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 116 modules. As such, all of them need to be rebuilt from sources. 117 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1500060 already today, 118 so I will not bump it again for this. 119 12020250813: 121 The gpiobus_attach_bus() function has been removed. Drivers should now 122 use the gpiobus_add_bus() function instead. The difference being that 123 gpiobus_add_bus() doesn't call bus_attach_children(), calling it will 124 be the responsibility of the caller now. 125 12620250810: 127 Support for Secure RPC DES authentication has been removed. 128 The keyserv(8) daemon was already removed, but support for it in libc 129 has also been removed, so if you somehow still had keyserv installed, 130 it will now stop working. There is no workaround for this. Removing 131 DES is considered a feature. 132 13320250808: 134 The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-off to 135 default-on. This reverts the 20240729 change below. 136 13720250807: 138 routed(8) and route6d(8) have moved to the FreeBSD-rip package. 139 If you use either of these, you should install the new package. 140 14120250806: 142 if_epair(4) now uses ether_gen_addr(9) to generate a stable MAC 143 address. 144 To keep using the random address, set the loader tunable 145 net.link.epair.ether_gen_addr=0. 146 14720250804: 148 bsdconfig (including sysrc(8)) has moved to the new bsdconfig 149 package. If you use pkgbase and wish to use bsdconfig, you should 150 install FreeBSD-bsdconfig. 151 15220250730: 153 The usbhid(4) USB HID driver is now enabled by default, and will be 154 used in preference to other USB HID drivers like ukbd(4), ums(4), and 155 uhid(4). Work on a FIDO/U2F driver and moused(8) is in progress. 156 The default is being switched now so that we can find and fix any 157 additional issues prior to FreeBSD 15.0. 158 159 To revert to the previous USB HID driver behavior, set the loader 160 tunable hw.usb.usbhid.enable=0. 161 16220250727: 163 bmake (i.e., /usr/bin/make and /usr/share/mk) has moved to a new 164 package, FreeBSD-bmake. If you use pkgbase and you need make, you 165 should install this package. 166 16720250726: 168 amd64 kernel configurations must contain "options SMP". 169 17020250725: 171 gssd(8) has been moved to a new package, FreeBSD-gssd. If you use 172 pkgbase and you need gssd, you should install this package. 173 17420250724: 175 The Kerberos packages which are built when WITH_MITKRB5 is enabled 176 have been renamed from FreeBSD-krb5* to FreeBSD-kerberos*. This 177 affects pkgbase users who manually enabled WITH_MITKRB5, *or* use 178 the default value of WITH_MITKRB5 and updated past c7da9fb90b0b 179 (20250721) which made WITH_MITKRB5 the default. 180 181 In either case, if you have FreeBSD-krb5* packages installed, you 182 should remove them and (re)install the equivalent FreeBSD-kerberos* 183 packages instead. 184 18520250721: 186 WITH_MITKRB5 is now enabled by default. MIT KRB5 has replaced 187 Heimdal in base. Ports that use USES=gssapi must be rebuilt. 188 A clean buildworld is required. 189 19020250719: 191 Commits 392a82b225 and c00baac0ab both changed the 192 internal API between the NFS modules. As such, all 193 these modules need to be rebuilt from sources. 194 __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1500053 for this. 195 19620250710: 197 The shar(1) utility has been removed from base. The 198 sysutils/freebsd-shar port was created to maintain this version of 199 shar(1) past its removal from base. 200 20120250704: 202 LinuxKPI device.h and acpi changes effecting drivers and drm-kmod. 203 Bump __FreeBSD_version 1500050 to be able to detect these changes. 204 20520250630: 206 Commits 171f66b0c2ca and 8e2a90ac8089 changed the internal 207 api between nfscommon.ko and the other nfs modules. 208 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500049 for this. 209 All NFS related modules must be rebuilt from up-to-date 210 sources. 211 21220250625: 213 "make delete-old" will now remove the Forth bootloader entirely 214 if the system is built with WITHOUT_FORTH. 215 21620250614: 217 MIT KRB5 (MIT Kerberos5) has been imported into 15-CURRENT. To 218 and install MIT KRB5, add WITH_MITKRB5=yes to /etc/src.conf. This 219 will build and install MIT KRB5 1.21.3. And it will remove Heimdal 220 1.5.2 when delete-old and delete-old-libs are run. To revert back 221 simply buildworld/installworld again with delete-old-libs and 222 delete-old. 223 224 At the moment we only know of a couple of ports that might be 225 affected. Adjusting libmap.conf does not circumvent runtime issues. 226 The few affected ports must be rebuilt. A successful exp-run will be 227 run before MIT KRB5 becomes default. 228 229 Those using the KDC in FreeBSD base may wish to wait. The Heimdal 230 HDB is incompatible with the MIT KRB5 KDC. The migration procedure 231 is a little involved. 232 23320250603: 234 LinuxKPI dma-mapping.h were pulled into the tree from drm-kmod. 235 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1500045 to be able to detect this change. 236 23720250527: 238 pf changed extension header handling. It now treats AH headers on IPv4 just 239 like AH headers on IPv6 and skips over them, allowing filtering on the inner 240 protocol. 241 24220250527: 243 pf now blocks IPv6 packets with a hop-by-hop or destination options header by 244 default. Such packets can be passed by adding "allow-opts" to the rule. IPv6 245 options are now handled just like their IPv4 counterparts. 246 24720250527: 248 The CAM target layer userland, i.e. ctld(8), ctladm(8) and ctlstat(8), 249 has moved to the new FreeBSD-ctl package. If you use pkgbase and you 250 need the CAM Target Layer, you should install the new package. 251 252 Development-related tools (e.g. ar and nm) have moved to the new 253 "FreeBSD-toolchain" package, which subsumes and obsoletes the 254 existing "FreeBSD-elftoolchain" package. If you use pkgbase and 255 need to compile software, you should install the new package and 256 ensure the old FreeBSD-elftoolchain* packages are completely removed. 257 25820250521: 259 Commit e64fe5ad3a23 removed in6_maxmtu and its setter in6_setmaxmtu(). 260 in6_maxmtu is used to store the max IPv6 MTU of all interfaces, 261 however it does not have any in-tree consumers since the introduction 262 from the KAME project. The removal should have little impact, and the 263 max IPv6 MTU can be easily retrieved by iterating over all the attached 264 interface if 3rd party modules need it. 265 26620250515: 267 Commit 772258c89f28 changed the internal API between the nfscommon 268 and nfscl modules. Both need to be built from updated sources. 269 27020250513: 271 The bridge(4) sysctl net.link.bridge.member_ifaddrs now defaults to 0, 272 meaning that interfaces added to a bridge may not have IP addresses 273 assigned. Refer to bridge(4) for more information. 274 27520250507: 276 UMASS quirks and auto-quirk probing has been overhauled. CAM now won't 277 send SYNCHRONIZE CACHE unless MODE PAGE 8 is present and valid. This 278 should allow more devices to work (since the auto quirk code was updated 279 in 14 and broke several e-readers and the like). Please send imp@freebsd.org 280 any regression reports. 281 28220250504: 283 Commit 9419e086e1a3 changed the internal API between the nfscommon 284 and nfscl modules. Both need to be built from updated sources. 285 28620250412: 287 LinuxKPI alloc routines were changed to return physically contiguous 288 memory where expected. These changes may require out-of-tree drivers 289 to be recompiled. 290 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500037 to be able to detect this change. 291 29220250409: 293 Intel iwlwifi firmware has been removed from the src repository. 294 Before updating their system, users of iwlwifi(4) or iwx(4) must 295 install the appropriate firmware for their chipset using fwget(8) or 296 building it from ports. 297 29820250314: 299 We now use LLVM's binary utilities (nm, objcopy, etc.) by default. 300 The WITHOUT_LLVM_BINUTILS src.conf(5) knob can be used to revert to 301 ELF Tool Chain tools if desired. 302 30320250303: 304 Commit 4a77657cbc01 changed the ABI between ipfw(8) and ipfw(4). 305 Please note that the old ipfw(8) binary will not work with the new 306 ipfw(4) module. Therefore, it is recommended to disable ipfw during 307 the upgrade, otherwise the host system may become inaccessible because 308 ipfw rules cannot be installed with the old binary. 309 31020250214: 311 Commit 4517fbfd4251 modified the internal API between the 312 nfscommon and nfscl modules. As such, both of these modules 313 need to be rebuilt from sources. 314 31520250201: 316 The NFS related daemons, that provide RPC services to the kernel: 317 gssd(8), rpcbind(8), rpc.tlsservd(8) and rpc.tlsclntd(8), now use a 318 different transport - netlink(4) socket instead of unix(4). Users of 319 NFS need to upgrade both kernel and world (binaries and libc) at once. 320 Also, any revision between 88cd1e17a7d8 and 99e5a70046da should be 321 avoided. 322 32320250129: 324 Defer the January 19, 2038 date limit in UFS1 filesystems to 325 February 7, 2106. This affects only UFS1 format filesystems. 326 See commit message 1111a44301da for details. 327 32820250127: 329 The Allwinner a10_timer driver has been renamed to aw_driver. If you 330 have a custom kernel configuration including the line 'device 331 a10_timer', it must be adjusted to 'device aw_timer'. The same applies 332 for device exclusions with 'nodevice'. 333 33420250106: 335 A new SOC_ROCKCHIP options appeared, so if you have a custom kernel configuration 336 targeting Rockchip SoC you need to add it so shared and mandatory drivers for 337 this SoC family will be selected. 338 Also a new rk8xx device was added, this select the base driver for Rockchip PMIC. 339 34020241223: 341 The layout of NFS file handles for the tarfs, tmpfs, cd9660, and ext2fs 342 file systems has changed. An NFS server that exports any of these file 343 systems will need its clients to unmount and remount the exports. 344 34520241216: 346 The iwm(4) firmwares are no longer compiled as kernel modules but instead 347 shipped as raw files. For pkgbase users if you use iwm(4) you will need 348 to install the FreeBSD-firmware-iwm package. 349 35020241124: 351 The OpenBSD derived bc and dc implementations and the WITHOUT_GH_BC 352 option that allowed building them instead of the advanced version 353 imported more than 4 years ago have been removed. 354 35520241107: 356 The ng_ubt(4) driver now requires firmwares to be loaded on Realtek 357 adaptors with rtlbtfw(8) utility. It no longer attaches to devices 358 standing in bootloader mode. Firmware files are available in the 359 comms/rtlbt-firmware port. 360 36120241025: 362 The support for the rc_fast_and_loose variable has been removed from 363 rc.subr(8). Users setting rc_fast_and_loose on their systems are 364 advised to make sure their customizations to rc service scripts 365 do not depend on having a single shell environment shared across 366 all the rc service scripts during booting and shutdown. 367 36820241013: 369 The ciss driver was updated to cope better with hotplug events that 370 caused it to panic before, and to support more than 48 drives attached 371 to the card. These changes were made w/o benefit of hardware for testing 372 and ciss(4) users should be on the lookout for regressions. 373 37420240729: 375 The build now defaults to WITHOUT_CLEAN - i.e., no automatic clean 376 is performed at the beginning of buildworld or buildkernel. The 377 WITH_CLEAN src.conf(5) knob can be used to restore the previous 378 behaviour. 379 380 If you encounter incremental build issues, please report them to the 381 freebsd-current mailing list so that a special-case dependency can be 382 added, if necessary. 383 38420240715: 385 We now lean more heavily on ACPI enumeration for some traditional 386 devices. uart has moved from isa to acpi so the hints act as wiring 387 instead of device enumeration. Hints for parallel port, floppy, etc 388 have been removed. Before upgrading, grep your dmesg for lines like: 389 uart1: non-PNP ISA device will be removed from GENERIC in FreeBSD 15. 390 to see if you need to start including hints for the device on isa 391 in your loader.conf or device.hints file. APU1 (but not APU2) boards 392 are known to be affected, but there may be others. 393 39420240712: 395 Support for armv6 has been disconnected and is being removed. 396 39720240617: 398 ifconfig now treats IPv4 addresses without a width or mask as an error. 399 Specify the desired mask or width along with the IP address on the 400 ifconfig command line and in rc.conf. 401 40220240428: 403 OpenBSM auditing runtime (auditd, etc.) has been moved into the new 404 package FreeBSD-audit. If you use OpenBSM auditing and pkgbase, you 405 should install FreeBSD-audit. 406 40720240424: 408 cron, lpr, and ntpd have been moved from FreeBSD-utilities into their 409 own packages. If you use pkgbase, you should install the relevant 410 packages: FreeBSD-cron, FreeBSD-lp, or FreeBSD-ntp. 411 41220240406: 413 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 414 been upgraded to 18.1.6. It is important that you run `make delete-old` 415 as described in the COMMON ITEMS section, otherwise several libc++ 416 headers that are obsolete and need to be removed can cause compilation 417 errors in C++ programs. 418 41920240205: 420 For dynamically linked programs, system calls are now made from 421 libsys rather than libc. No change in linkage is required as 422 libsys is an auxiliary filter for libc. People building custom 423 images must ensure that libsys.so.7 is included. 424 42520240202: 426 Loader now also read configuration files listed in local_loader_conf_files. 427 Files listed here are the last ones read. And /boot/loader.conf.local was 428 moved from loader_conf_files to local_loader_conf_files leaving only 429 loader.conf and device.hints in loader_conf_files by default. 430 431 The following sequencing is applied: 432 433 1. Bootstrap: 434 /boot/defaults/loader.conf 435 436 2. Read loader_conf_files files: 437 /boot/device.hints 438 /boot/loader.conf 439 440 3. Read loader_conf_dirs files: 441 /boot/loader.conf.d/*.conf 442 443 4. And finally, rread local_loader_conf_files files: 444 /boot/loader.conf.local 445 44620240201: 447 sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged. This version enforces 448 stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line 449 endings. This may cause issues with receiving messages from 450 non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in 451 contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations. 452 45320240111: 454 Commit cc760de2183f changed the internal interface between 455 the nfscommon and nfscl modules. As such, both need to be 456 rebuilt from sources. Therefore, __FreeBSD_version was 457 bumped to 1500010. 458 45920231120: 460 If you have an arm64 system that uses ACPI, you will need to update your 461 loader.efi in the ESP when you update past this point. Detection of ACPI 462 was moved earlier in the binary so the scripts could use it, but old 463 binaries don't have this, so we default to 'no ACPI' in this case. You can 464 undisable ACPI by doing 465 OK unset hint.acpi.0.disabled 466 This can also be used to recover any other system that was updated in the 467 small window where amd64 was also broken. 468 46920231113: 470 The WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD option has been removed. When LLD is enabled 471 it is always installed as /usr/bin/ld. 472 47320231027: 474 Forward compatibility (running the new code on old kernels) for the 475 "ino64" project have been removed. The need for it has passed long ago. 476 47720231018: 478 Commit 57ce37f9dcd0 changed the internal KAPI between the 479 nfscommon and nfscl modules. Both must be rebuilt from sources. 480 48120231010: 482 dialog(1) has been replaced in base by bsddialog(1), while most of the 483 time replacing a dialog(1) call by a bsddialog(1) call works out of the 484 box, bsddialog(1) is not considered as a drop-in replacement for 485 dialog(1). 486 487 If you do depend on dialog(1) functionality, please install cdialog 488 from ports: 489 490 pkg install cdialog 491 49220230927: 493 The EARLY_AP_STARTUP kernel option is mandatory on x86. The option 494 has been added to DEFAULTS, so it should automatically be included in 495 custom kernel configurations without any additional change. 496 49720230922: 498 A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default 499 behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required 500 recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP. 501 50220230914: 503 Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by 504 default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf. 505 50620230911: 507 Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang 508 internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems 509 installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow 510 for these file moves: 511 512 pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities 513 pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev 514 pkg upgrade -y 515 51620230909: 517 Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which 518 belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module 519 loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are 520 corresponding kernel environment variables. 521 52220230901: 523 The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have 524 been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively. 525 52620230824: 527 FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT. 528 52920230817: 530 Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has 531 been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry 532 practice and typical firmware serial console redirection 533 configuration. 534 535 Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not 536 support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may 537 set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot 538 components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start 539 with the serial port at 115200. 540 54120230807: 542 Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus- 543 frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is 544 integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's 545 no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or 546 "device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration. 547 54820230803: 549 MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config. 550 Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt. 551 55220230724: 553 CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g 554 to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional 555 BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems 556 for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of 557 the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces. 558 55920230713: 560 stable/14 branch created. 561 56220230629: 563 The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires 564 atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional 565 change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please 566 file a PR and assign it to imp. 567 56820230623: 569 OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout 570 the base system. It is important to rebuild third-party software 571 after upgrading. 572 57320230619: 574 To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf 575 filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered 576 locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets 577 delivered to lo0. To enable this feature: 578 579 sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1 580 service pf restart 581 582 When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not 583 filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule. 584 58520230613: 586 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now 587 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+ 588 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single 589 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't 590 already properly quoted or escaped. 591 59220230612: 593 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda. 594 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a 595 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1 596 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel 597 config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add 598 kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf. The default has been nda on 599 all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back, 600 please email imp@freebsd.org about why. 601 602 Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you 603 migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd. 604 60520230422: 606 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree 607 using git instead. 608 60920230420: 610 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging 611 eg. 612 make buildworld-jobs 613 runs 614 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1 615 616 where JOB_MAX is derived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env. 617 61820230316: 619 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed. 620 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 621 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and 622 "device imx6_ipu" to it. 623 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 624 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it. 625 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't 626 exist anymore. 627 62820230221: 629 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 630 for details. 631 63220230206: 633 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 634 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 635 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 636 63720230204: 638 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 639 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 640 64120230130: 642 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 643 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 644 to compile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 645 64620230126: 647 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 648 system are now built unconditionally. 649 65020230113: 651 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 652 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 653 65420221212: 655 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 656 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 657 658 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 659 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 660 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 661 66220221205: 663 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 664 to re-enable sendmail(8): 665 666 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 667 668 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 669 67020221204: 671 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 672 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 673 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 674 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 675 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 676 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 677 678 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 679 68020221122: 681 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 682 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 683 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 684 68520221121: 686 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 687 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 688 68920221026: 690 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 691 for pkgbase users to do: 692 693 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 694 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 695 696 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 697 installed. 698 69920221002: 700 OPIE has been removed from the base system. If needed, it can 701 be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie). 702 Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference 703 pam_opie or pam_opieaccess. 704 70520220610: 706 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 707 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 708 70920211230: 710 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 711 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 712 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 713 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 714 reflect this change. 715 71620211214: 717 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 718 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 719 72020211209: 721 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 722 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 723 the coming days and weeks. 724 725 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 726 or touch 727 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 728 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 729 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 730 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 731 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 732 73320211202: 734 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 735 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 736 statement in unbound.conf: 737 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 738 739 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 740 741 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 742 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 743 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 744 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 745 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 746 such names when roaming to different homenets. 747 74820211110: 749 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 750 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 751 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 752 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 753 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 754 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 755 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 756 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 757 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 758 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 759 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 760 76120211118: 762 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 763 tree shortly. 764 76520211106: 766 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 767 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 768 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 769 may need to be modified. 770 77120211022: 772 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 773 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 774 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 775 77620211020: 777 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 778 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 779 780 # chsh -s csh 781 78220211004: 783 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 784 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 785 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 786 this change. 787 78820210923: 789 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 790 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 791 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 792 list of modules to load on their systems. 793 79420210922: 795 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 796 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 797 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 798 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 799 80020210911: 801 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 802 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 803 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 804 being loaded. 805 80620210817: 807 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 808 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 809 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 810 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 811 application-specific configuration option for applications 812 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 813 81420210811: 815 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 816 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 817 81820210730: 819 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 820 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 821 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 822 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 823 82420210729: 825 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 826 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 827 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 828 82920210716: 830 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 831 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 832 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 833 83420210715: 835 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 836 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 837 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 838 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 839 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 840 to update your sources past the above hash and do 841 % cd usr.bin/awk 842 % make clean all 843 % sudo -E make install 844 to enable building kernels again. 845 84620210708: 847 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 848 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 849 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 850 85120210707: 852 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 853 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 854 85520210624: 856 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 857 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 858 for NFSv4 mounts. 859 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 860 86120210618: 862 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 863 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 864 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 865 additions and others. 866 86720210618: 868 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 869 renamed to "untrusted". 870 87120210611: 872 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 873 please install the svn package or port. 874 87520210611: 876 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 877 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 878 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 879 88020210610: 881 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 882 88320210608: 884 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 885 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 886https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 887 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 888 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 889 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 890 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 891 89220210525: 893 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 894 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 895 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 896 detect this. 897 89820210513: 899 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 900 libraries and utilities are packaged. 901 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 902 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 903 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 904 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 905 on the system. 906 90720210426: 908 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 909 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 910 need to be rebuilt from sources. 911 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 912 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 913 is not recommended. 914 91520210411: 916 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 917 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 918 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 919 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 920 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 921 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 922 92320210330: 924 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 925 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 926 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 927 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 928 92920210225: 930 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 931 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 932 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 933 93420210128: 935 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 936 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 937 update. 938 93920210121: 940 stable/13 branch created. 941 94220210108: 943 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 944 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 945 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 946 since it was bumped so recently. 947 94820210107: 949 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 950 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 951 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 952 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 953 95420210105: 955 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 956 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 957 requires a clean build. 958 95920201223: 960 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 961 instructions can be found at 962 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 963 and other documents in that repo. 964 96520201216: 966 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 967 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 968 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 969 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 970 97120201215: 972 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 973 may be installed from ports or packages. 974 97520201124: 976 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 977 See ping(8) for details. 978 97920201108: 980 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 981 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 982 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 983 98420201030: 985 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 986 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 987 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 988 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 989 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 990 99120201026: 992 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 993 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 994 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 995 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 996 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 997 find. 998 99920200923: 1000 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 1001 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 1002 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 1003 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 1004 1005 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 1006 command you want to un-auger the tree is 1007 cd sys/amd64/conf 1008 svn revert -R . 1009 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 1010 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 1011 101220200824: 1013 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 1014 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 1015 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 1016 unless you want to use new features. 1017 1018 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 1019 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 1020 rebuilding world may fail. 1021 1022 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 1023 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 1024 1025 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 1026 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 1027 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 1028 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 1029 103020200824: 1031 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 1032 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 1033 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 1034 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 1035 103620200821: 1037 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 1038 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 1039 sources. 1040 104120200817: 1042 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 1043 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 1044 104520200816: 1046 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1047 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1048 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1049 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1050 105120200810: 1052 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 1053 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 1054 from sources, so a version bump was done. 1055 105620200807: 1057 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 1058 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 1059 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 1060 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 1061 106220200729: 1063 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 1064 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 1065 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 1066 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 1067 continue to function. 1068 1069 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 1070 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 1071 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 1072 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 1073 107420200627: 1075 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 1076 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 1077 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 1078 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 1079 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 1080 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 1081 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 1082 108320200625: 1084 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 1085 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 1086 108720200613: 1088 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 1089 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 1090 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 1091 109220200604: 1093 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 1094 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 1095 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 1096 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 1097 1098 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 1099 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 1100 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 1101 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 1102 /root/.shrc. 1103 110420200523: 1105 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1106 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1107 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1108 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1109 111020200512: 1111 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 1112 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 1113 111420200424: 1115 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 1116 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 1117 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 1118 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 1119 be functional without closefrom(2). 1120 112120200414: 1122 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 1123 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 1124 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 1125 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 1126 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 1127 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 1128 112920200310: 1130 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1131 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1132 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1133 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1134 113520200309: 1136 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 1137 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 1138 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 1139 114020200301: 1141 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 1142 114320200229: 1144 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 1145 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 1146 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 1147 114820200229: 1149 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 1150 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 1151 115220200229: 1153 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 1154 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 1155 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 1156 ports or packages. 1157 115820200220: 1159 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 1160 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 1161 ncurses. 1162 116320200217: 1164 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 1165 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 1166 together with their new kernel. 1167 116820200212: 1169 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 1170 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 1171 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 1172 1173 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 1174 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 1175 117620200108: 1177 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 1178 linker for riscv64. 1179 118020200107: 1181 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 1182 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 1183 external toolchain package. 1184 118520200104: 1186 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 1187 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 1188 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 1189 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 1190 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 1191 119220200102: 1193 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 1194 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 1195 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 1196 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 1197 119820191226: 1199 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 1200 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 1201 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 1202 ABI. 1203 120420191226: 1205 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 1206 120720191222: 1208 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1209 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1210 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1211 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1212 121320191212: 1214 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 1215 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 1216 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 1217 121820191205: 1219 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 1220 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 1221 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 1222 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 1223 differences between those included in the port and those included in 1224 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 1225 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 1226 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 1227 122820191120: 1229 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 1230 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 1231 for automounting. 1232 123320191107: 1234 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 1235 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 1236 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 1237 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 1238 add superio to the set. 1239 124020191021: 1241 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 1242 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 1243 124420191021: 1245 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 1246 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 1247 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 1248 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 1249 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 1250 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 1251 completely in the future. 1252 125320191009: 1254 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 1255 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 1256 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 1257 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 1258 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 1259 will be removed from the list. 1260 126120191009: 1262 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1263 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1264 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1265 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1266 126720191003: 1268 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 1269 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 1270 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 1271 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 1272 127320190913: 1274 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 1275 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 1276 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 1277 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 1278 127920190823: 1280 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 1281 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 1282 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 1283 128420190727: 1285 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 1286 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 1287 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 1288 your scripts, because they had no effect. 1289 1290 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 1291 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 1292 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 1293 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 1294 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 1295 129620190713: 1297 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 1298 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 1299 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 1300 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 1301 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 1302 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 1303 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 1304 130520190620: 1306 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 1307 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 1308 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 1309 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 1310 131120190612: 1312 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1313 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1314 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1315 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1316 131720190608: 1318 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 1319 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 1320 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 1321 132220190513: 1323 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 1324 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 1325 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 1326 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 1327 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 1328 avoid running into the limit. 1329 133020190507: 1331 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 1332 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 1333 133420190507: 1335 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 1336 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 1337 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 1338 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 1339 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 1340 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 1341 134220190418: 1343 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 1344 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 1345 entropy: 1346 1347 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 1348 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 1349 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 1350 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 1351 availability properties. 1352 1353 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 1354 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 1355 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 1356 initial condition, if desired. 1357 1358 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 1359 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 1360 1361 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 1362 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 1363 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 1364 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 1365 136620190416: 1367 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 1368 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 1369 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 1370 therefore unblocked). 1371 137220190404: 1373 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 1374 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 1375 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 1376 is added to the command line. 1377 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 1378 not affected and should continue to work. 1379 138020190320: 1381 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 1382 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 1383 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 1384 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 1385 138620190304: 1387 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1388 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1389 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1390 or higher. 1391 139220190226: 1393 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 1394 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 1395 kernel config. 1396 139720190219: 1398 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 1399 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 1400 migrating to the drm ports. 1401 140220190131: 1403 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 1404 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 1405 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 1406 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 1407 is loaded automatically. 1408 140920190125: 1410 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 1411 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 1412 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 1413 kernel config files. 1414 141520181230: 1416 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 1417 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 1418 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 1419 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 1420 142120181220: 1422 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 1423 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 1424 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 1425 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 1426 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 1427 most NFSv4 mounts. 1428 142920181219: 1430 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 1431 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 1432 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 1433 1434 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 1435 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 1436 1437 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 1438 removed from the mips port. 1439 144020181211: 1441 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1442 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1443 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1444 or higher. 1445 144620181211: 1447 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 1448 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 1449 145020181126: 1451 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 1452 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 1453 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 1454 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 1455 145620181123: 1457 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 1458 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 1459 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 1460 146120181115: 1462 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 1463 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 1464 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 1465 FreeBSD versions. 1466 146720181110: 1468 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 1469 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 1470 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 1471 1472 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 1473 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 1474 being included using the command: 1475 $ newsyslog -Nrv 1476 147720181019: 1478 Stable/12 was branched created. 1479 148020181015: 1481 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 1482 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 1483 drm-legacy-kmod. 1484 1485 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 1486 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 1487 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 1488 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 1489 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 1490 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 1491 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 1492 that as you will get better support. 1493 1494 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 1495 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 1496 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 1497 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 1498 1499 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 1500 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 1501 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 1502 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 1503 shortly. 1504 150520181012: 1506 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 1507 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 1508 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 1509 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 1510 be adjusted as necessary. 1511 151220181009: 1513 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 1514 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 1515 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 1516 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 1517 151820181006: 1519 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 1520 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 1521 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 1522 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 1523 encouraged. 1524 152520181002: 1526 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 1527 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 1528 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 1529 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 1530 nda device name. 1531 153220180913: 1533 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 1534 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 1535 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 1536 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 1537 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 1538 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 1539 154020180826: 1541 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 1542 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 1543 default since FreeBSD-11. 1544 154520180822: 1546 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 1547 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 1548 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 1549 155020180818: 1551 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 1552 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 1553 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 1554 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 1555 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 1556 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 1557 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 1558 1559 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 1560 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 1561 156220180815: 1563 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 1564 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 1565 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 1566 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 1567 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 1568 may not be observed in a future release. 1569 157020180808: 1571 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 1572 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 1573 your environment. 1574 157520180731: 1576 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 1577 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 1578 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 1579 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 1580 158120180730: 1582 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 1583 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 1584 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 1585 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 1586 runtime services. 1587 158820180727: 1589 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 1590 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 1591 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 1592 159320180723: 1594 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 1595 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 1596 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 1597 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 1598 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 1599 160020180720: 1601 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 1602 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 1603 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 1604 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 1605 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 1606 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 1607 160820180719: 1609 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1610 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1611 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1612 boot_serial=YES 1613 boot_multicons=YES 1614 in /boot/loader.conf 1615 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1616 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1617 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1618 161920180719: 1620 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1621 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1622 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1623 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1624 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1625 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1626 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1627 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1628 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1629 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1630 by the ntpd user. 1631 163220180717: 1633 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1634 163520180711: 1636 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1637 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1638 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1639 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1640 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1641 164220180705: 1643 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1644 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1645 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1646 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1647 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1648 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1649 165020180702: 1651 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1652 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1653 165420180701: 1655 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1656 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1657 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1658 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1659 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1660 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1661 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1662 166320180630: 1664 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1665 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1666 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1667 or higher. 1668 166920180628: 1670 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1671 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1672 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1673 file. 1674 167520180612: 1676 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1677 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1678 167920180530: 1680 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1681 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1682 longer necessary. 1683 168420180530: 1685 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1686 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1687 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1688 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1689 169020180523: 1691 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1692 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1693 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1694 later than r334108. 1695 169620180517: 1697 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1698 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1699 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1700 it must be removed. 1701 170220180510: 1703 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1704 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1705 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1706 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1707 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1708 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1709 will go away. 1710 1711 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1712 workaround is necessary. 1713 171420180508: 1715 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1716 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1717 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1718 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1719 172020180504: 1721 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1722 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1723 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1724 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1725 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1726 172720180502: 1728 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1729 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1730 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1731 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1732 173320180501: 1734 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1735 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1736 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1737 be removed. 1738 173920180413: 1740 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1741 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1742 removed. 1743 174420180411: 1745 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1746 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1747 removed. 1748 174920180406: 1750 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1751 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1752 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1753 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1754 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1755 1756 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1757 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1758 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1759 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1760 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1761 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1762 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1763 1764 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1765 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1766 1767 source src { 1768 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1769 } 1770 1771 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1772 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1773 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1774 1775 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1776 1777 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1778 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1779 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1780 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1781 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1782 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1783 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1784 1785 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1786 change. 1787 178820180328: 1789 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1790 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1791 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1792 179320180323: 1794 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1795 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1796 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1797 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1798 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1799 should be as simple as: 1800 1801 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1802 $ make depend all install 1803 180420180212: 1805 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1806 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1807 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1808 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1809 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1810 provisions for backup boot methods. 1811 181220180211: 1813 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1814 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1815 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1816 imp@freebsd.org. 1817 181820180114: 1819 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1820 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1821 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1822 or higher. 1823 182420180110: 1825 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1826 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1827 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1828 1829 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1830 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1831 183220180110: 1833 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1834 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1835 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1836 remove it from kernel config files. 1837 183820180104: 1839 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1840 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1841 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1842 1843 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1844 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1845 184620180102: 1847 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1848 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1849 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1850 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1851 185220171215: 1853 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1854 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1855 185620171214: 1857 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1858 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1859 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1860 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1861 186220171125: 1863 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1864 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1865 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1866 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1867 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1868 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1869 187020171110: 1871 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1872 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1873 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1874 187520171106: 1876 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1877 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1878 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1879 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1880 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1881 188220171102: 1883 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1884 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1885 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1886 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1887 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1888 environment. 1889 189020171101: 1891 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1892 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1893 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1894 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1895 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1896 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1897 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1898 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1899 than hardcoding paths. 1900 190120171028: 1902 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1903 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1904 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1905 190620171021: 1907 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1908 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1909 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1910 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1911 191220171010: 1913 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1914 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1915 191620171005: 1917 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1918 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1919 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1920 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1921 192220171003: 1923 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1924 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1925 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1926 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1927 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1928 192920170912: 1930 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1931 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1932 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1933 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1934 /etc/ctl.conf . 1935 193620170912: 1937 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1938 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1939 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1940 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1941 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1942 194320170826: 1944 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1945 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1946 194720170825: 1948 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1949 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1950 to complete. 1951 195220170814: 1953 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1954 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1955 ${TESTSDIR}. 1956 1957 Behavioral changes: 1958 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1959 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1960 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1961 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1962 1963 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1964 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1965 sandbox if successful. 1966 1967 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1968 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1969 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1970 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1971 an unprivileged user. 1972 197320170808: 1974 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1975 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1976 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1977 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1978 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1979 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1980 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1981 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1982 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1983 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1984 to which you should answer yes. 1985 198620170728: 1987 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1988 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1989 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1990 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1991 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1992 199320170722: 1994 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1995 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1996 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1997 199820170701: 1999 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 2000 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 2001 200220170625: 2003 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 2004 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 2005 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 2006 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 2007 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 2008 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 2009 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 2010 201120170623: 2012 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 2013 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 2014 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 2015 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 2016 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 2017 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 2018 201920170620: 2020 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 2021 if you require the GPL compiler. 2022 202320170619: 2024 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 2025 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 2026 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 2027 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 2028 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 2029 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 2030 203120170618: 2032 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 2033 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 2034 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 2035 203620170617: 2037 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 2038 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 2039 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 2040 followed. 2041 204220170531: 2043 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 2044 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 2045 from ports (and recommends to install it). 2046 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 2047 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 2048 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 2049 205020170524: 2051 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 2052 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 2053 which only require one chipset support. 2054 2055 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 2056 2057 if_ath_load="YES" 2058 2059 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 2060 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 2061 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 2062 2063 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 2064 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 2065 2066 * load ath_hal 2067 * load the chip modules in question 2068 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 2069 * load ath_main 2070 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 2071 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 2072 2073 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 2074 207520170523: 2076 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 2077 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 2078 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 2079 2080 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 2081 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 2082 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 2083 2084 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 2085 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 2086 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 2087 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 2088 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 2089 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 2090 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 2091 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 2092 209320170424: 2094 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 2095 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 2096 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 2097 209820170420: 2099 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 2100 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 2101 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 2102 210320170413: 2104 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 2105 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 2106 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 2107 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 2108 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 2109 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 2110 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 2111 211220170407: 2113 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 2114 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 2115 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 2116 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 2117 211820170405: 2119 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 2120 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 2121 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 2122 212320170331: 2124 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 2125 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 2126 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 2127 212820170329: 2129 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 2130 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 2131 2132 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 2133 via one of the following methods: 2134 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 2135 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 2136 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 2137 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 2138 2139 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 2140 214120170316: 2142 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 2143 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 2144 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 2145 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 2146 with mmc.ko). 2147 214820170315: 2149 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 2150 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 2151 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 2152 be prefixed with colon. 2153 215420170311: 2155 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 2156 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 2157 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 2158 215920170302: 2160 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 2161 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2162 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2163 216420170221: 2165 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 2166 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 2167 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 2168 change. 2169 217020170216: 2171 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 2172 valid. 2173 217420170215: 2175 MCA bus support has been removed. 2176 217720170127: 2178 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 2179 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 2180 218120170112: 2182 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 2183 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 2184 218520170109: 2186 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 2187 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 2188 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 2189 configuration. 2190 219120161217: 2192 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 2193 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2194 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2195 219620161124: 2197 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 2198 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2199 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2200 220120161119: 2202 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 2203 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 2204 that link against it need to be recompiled. 2205 220620161030: 2207 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 2208 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 2209 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 2210 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 2211 221220161017: 2213 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 2214 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 2215 parts. 2216 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 2217 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 2218 221920161015: 2220 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 2221 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 2222 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 2223 removed from base. 2224 222520161008: 2226 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 2227 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 2228 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 2229 223020161003: 2231 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 2232 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 2233 223420160924: 2235 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 2236 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 2237 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 2238 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 2239 224020160918: 2241 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 2242 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 2243 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 2244 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 2245 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 2246 224720160918: 2248 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 2249 225020160908: 2251 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 2252 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 2253 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 2254 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 2255 225620160824: 2257 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 2258 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 2259 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 2260 to 1200005. 2261 226220160818: 2263 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 2264 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 2265 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 2266 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 2267 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 2268 0. 2269 227020160818: 2271 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 2272 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 2273 227420160708: 2275 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 2276 2277After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 2278from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 2279entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 2280UPDATING file. 2281 2282COMMON ITEMS: 2283 2284 General Notes 2285 ------------- 2286 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 2287 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 2288 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 2289 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 2290 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 2291 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 2292 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 2293 report a bug if it happens consistently. 2294 2295 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 2296 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 2297 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 2298 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 2299 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 2300 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 2301 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 2302 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 2303 an exception. 2304 2305 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 2306 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 2307 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 2308 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 2309 step. 2310 2311 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 2312 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 2313 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 2314 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 2315 2316 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 2317 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 2318 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 2319 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 2320 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 2321 should write them with this in mind. 2322 2323 ZFS notes 2324 --------- 2325 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 2326 always follow these three steps: 2327 2328 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 2329 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 2330 2331 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 2332 doing a zpool upgrade): 2333 2334 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 2335 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 2336 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 2337 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 2338 2339 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 2340 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 2341 zpool upgrade. 2342 2343 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 2344 2345 EFI notes 2346 --------- 2347 2348 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 2349 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 2350 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 2351 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 2352 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 2353 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 2354 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 2355 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 2356 2357 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 2358 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 2359 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 2360 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 2361 2362 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 2363 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 2364 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 2365 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 2366 2367 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 2368 2369 To build a kernel 2370 ----------------- 2371 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 2372 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 2373 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 2374 2375 make kernel-toolchain 2376 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2377 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2378 2379 If you are running kernel modules from ports, see FOOTNOTE [1]. 2380 2381 To test a kernel once 2382 --------------------- 2383 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 2384 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 2385 debugging information) run 2386 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 2387 nextboot -k testkernel 2388 2389 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 2390 ----------------------------------------------------------- 2391 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 2392 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 2393 2394 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> [2] 2395 make buildworld 2396 <make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set> [1] 2397 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2398 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2399 <reboot in single user> [3] 2400 etcupdate -p [5] 2401 make installworld 2402 etcupdate -B [4] 2403 make delete-old [6] 2404 <reboot> 2405 2406 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 2407 -------------------------------------------------- 2408 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 2409 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 2410 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 2411 # size. 2412 2413 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2414 <boot into -stable> 2415 make buildworld 2416 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [1] 2417 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 2418 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 2419 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 2420 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 2421 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 2422 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 2423 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 2424 <reboot into current> 2425 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 2426 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 2427 <reboot> 2428 2429 2430 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 2431 ---------------------------------------------- 2432 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> [2] 2433 make buildworld [9] 2434 <make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set> [1] 2435 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 2436 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2437 <reboot in single user> [3] 2438 etcupdate -p [5] 2439 make installworld 2440 etcupdate -B [4] 2441 make delete-old [6] 2442 <reboot> 2443 2444 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 2445 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 2446 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 2447 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 2448 the UPDATING entries. 2449 2450 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 2451 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 2452 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 2453 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 2454 much fewer pitfalls. 2455 2456FOOTNOTES: 2457 2458 [1] If you have third party modules, such as drm-kmod or vmware, you 2459 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your system on 2460 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 2461 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 2462 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 2463 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 2464 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 2465 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 2466 and effective, eg: 2467 PORTS_MODULES+=graphics/drm-kmod graphics/nvidia-drm-kmod 2468 2469 [2] To make complete dumps on zfs(4), use bectl(8), which 2470 creates bootable snapshots of configurable depth that are 2471 selectable via the bootloader. For ufs(4), use dump(8) and 2472 restore(8). 2473 2474 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 2475 fsck -p 2476 mount -u / 2477 mount -a 2478 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 2479 cd src # full path to source 2480 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 2481 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 2482 into single user mode to do the installworld. 2483 2484 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 2485 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 2486 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 2487 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 2488 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 2489 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 2490 2491 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 2492 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 2493 step. 2494 2495 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 2496 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 2497 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 2498 2499 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 2500 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 2501 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 2502 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 2503 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 2504 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 2505 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 2506 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 2507 2508 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 2509 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 2510 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 2511 for these as well. 2512 2513 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 2514 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 2515 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 2516 2517 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 2518 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 2519 warn if it is improperly defined. 2520FORMAT: 2521 2522This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 2523breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 2524list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 2525If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 2526to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 2527 2528Copyright information: 2529 2530Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 2531 2532Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 2533modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 2534document are permitted without further permission from the author. 2535 2536THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 2537IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 2538WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 2539DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 2540INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 2541(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 2542SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 2543HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 2544STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 2545IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 2546POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 2547 2548Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 2549this document. 2550