xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision d0b2dbfa0ecf2bbc9709efc5e20baf8e4b44bbbf)
1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW:
16	FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
20	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
21	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
22	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
26	debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27	world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28	at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
29
3020230807:
31	Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus-
32	frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is
33	integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's
34	no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or
35	"device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration.
36
3720230803:
38	MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config.
39	Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt.
40
4120230724:
42	CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
43	to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
44	BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
45	for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
46	the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
47
4820230629:
49	The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
50	atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
51	change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
52	file a PR and assign it to imp.
53
5420230623:
55	OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
56	the base system.  It is important to rebuild third-party software
57	after upgrading.
58
5920230619:
60	To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
61	filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
62	locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
63	delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
64
65		sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
66		service pf restart
67
68	When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
69	filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
70
7120230613:
72	Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
73	follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
74	authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
75	quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
76	already properly quoted or escaped.
77
7820230612:
79	Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
80	nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
81	nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
82	in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
83	config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
84	kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf.  The default has been nda on
85	all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
86	please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
87
88	Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
89	migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
90
9120230422:
92	Remove portsnap(8).  Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
93	using git instead.
94
9520230420:
96	Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
97	eg.
98		make buildworld-jobs
99	runs
100		make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
101
102	where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
103
10420230316:
105	Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
106	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
107	IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
108	"device imx6_ipu" to it.
109	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
110	TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
111	If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
112	exist anymore.
113
11420230221:
115	Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
116	for details.
117
11820230206:
119	sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
120	Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
121	`X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
122
12320230204:
124	Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
125	to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
126
12720230130:
128	As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
129	to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
130	to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
131
13220230126:
133	The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
134	system are now built unconditionally.
135
13620230113:
137	LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
138	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
139
14020221212:
141	llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump.  Previously there was
142	no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
143
144	Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
145	GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
146	objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
147
14820221205:
149	dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta.  For people willing
150	to reenable sendmail(8):
151
152	$ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
153
154	and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
155
15620221204:
157	hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
158	default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
159	the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
160	the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
161	needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
162	the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
163
164	NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
165
16620221122:
167	pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
168	These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
169	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
170
17120221121:
172	The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed.  When Clang is enabled
173	it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
174
17520221026:
176	Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
177	for pkgbase users to do:
178
179	pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
180	  FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
181
182	after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
183	installed.
184
18520220610:
186	LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
187	before re-compiling to avoid errors.
188
18920211230:
190	The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
191	have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
192	Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
193	be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
194	reflect this change.
195
19620211214:
197	A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
198	themselves.  A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
199
20020211209:
201	Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
202	mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
203	the coming days and weeks.
204
205	This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
206	or touch
207		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
208		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
209		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
210		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
211	before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
212
21320211202:
214	Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
215	by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
216	statement in unbound.conf:
217		local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
218
219	Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
220
221	The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
222	Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
223	using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
224	to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
225	belongs.  Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
226	such names when roaming to different homenets.
227
22820211110:
229	Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
230	that any of the included congestion control modules could be
231	the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
232	was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
233	this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
234	control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
235	default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
236	The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
237	as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
238	kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
239	fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
240
24120211118:
242	Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
243	tree shortly.
244
24520211106:
246	Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
247	The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
248	of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
249	may need to be modified.
250
25120211022:
252	The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
253	The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
254	support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
255
25620211020:
257	sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user.  To force root to use
258	the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
259
260	# chsh -s csh
261
26220211004:
263	Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
264	with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
265	to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
266	this change.
267
26820210923:
269	As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
270	ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
271	users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
272	list of modules to load on their systems.
273
27420210922:
275	As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
276	new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
277	information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
278	audio/freebsd-13-mixer
279
28020210911:
281	As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
282	been deleted from the nfscommon.ko.  As such, nfsd.ko must be built
283	from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
284	being loaded.
285
28620210817:
287	As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
288	by default.  Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
289	option.  This can be enabled globally by using a custom
290	OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
291	application-specific configuration option for applications
292	which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
293
29420210811:
295	Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
296	modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
297
29820210730:
299	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
300	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
301	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
302	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
303
30420210729:
305	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
306	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
307	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
308
30920210716:
310	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
311	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
312	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
313
31420210715:
315	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
316	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
317	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
318	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
319	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
320	to update your sources past the above hash and do
321		% cd usr.bin/awk
322		% make clean all
323		% sudo -E make install
324	to enable building kernels again.
325
32620210708:
327	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
328	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
329	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
330
33120210707:
332	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
333	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
334
33520210624:
336	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
337	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
338	for NFSv4 mounts.
339	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
340
34120210618:
342	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
343	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
344	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
345	additions and others.
346
34720210618:
348	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
349	renamed to "untrusted".
350
35120210611:
352	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
353	please install the svn package or port.
354
35520210611:
356	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
357	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
358	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
359
36020210610:
361	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
362
36320210608:
364	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
365	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
366https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
367	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
368	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
369	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
370	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
371
37220210525:
373	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
374	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
375	committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
376	detect this.
377
37820210513:
379	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
380	libraries and utilities are packaged.
381	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
382	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
383	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
384	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
385	on the system.
386
38720210426:
388	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
389	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
390	need to be rebuilt from sources.
391	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
392	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
393	is not recommended.
394
39520210411:
396	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
397	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
398	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
399	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
400	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
401	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
402
40320210330:
404	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
405	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
406	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
407	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
408
40920210225:
410	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
411	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
412	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
413
41420210128:
415	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
416	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
417	update.
418
41920210108:
420	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
421	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
422	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
423	since it was bumped so recently.
424
42520210107:
426	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
427	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
428	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
429	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
430
43120210105:
432	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
433	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
434	requires a clean build.
435
43620201223:
437	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
438	instructions can be found at
439	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
440	and other documents in that repo.
441
44220201216:
443	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
444	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
445	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
446	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
447
44820201215:
449	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
450	may be installed from ports or packages.
451
45220201124:
453	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
454	See ping(8) for details.
455
45620201108:
457	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
458	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
459	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
460
46120201030:
462	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
463	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
464	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
465	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
466	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
467
46820201026:
469	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
470	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
471	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
472	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
473	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
474	find.
475
47620200923:
477	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
478	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
479	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
480	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
481
482	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
483	command you want to un-auger the tree is
484		cd sys/amd64/conf
485		svn revert -R .
486	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
487	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
488
48920200824:
490	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
491	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
492	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
493	unless you  want to use new features.
494
495	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
496	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
497	rebuilding world may fail.
498
499	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
500	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
501
502	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
503	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
504	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
505	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
506
50720200824:
508	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
509	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
510	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
511	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
512
51320200821:
514	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
515	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
516	sources.
517
51820200817:
519	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
520	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
521
52220200816:
523	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
524	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
525	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
526	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
527
52820200810:
529	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
530	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
531	from sources, so a version bump was done.
532
53320200807:
534	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
535	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
536	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
537	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
538
53920200729:
540	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
541	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
542	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
543	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
544	continue to function.
545
546	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
547	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
548	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
549	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
550
55120200627:
552	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
553	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
554	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
555	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
556	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
557	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
558	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
559
56020200625:
561	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
562	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
563
56420200613:
565	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
566	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
567	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
568
56920200604:
570	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
571	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
572	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
573	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
574
575	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
576	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
577	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
578	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
579	/root/.shrc.
580
58120200523:
582	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
583	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
584	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
585	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
586
58720200512:
588	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
589	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
590
59120200424:
592	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
593	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
594	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
595	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
596	be functional without closefrom(2).
597
59820200414:
599	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
600	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
601	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
602	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
603	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
604	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
605
60620200310:
607	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
608	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
609	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
610	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
611
61220200309:
613	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
614	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
615	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
616
61720200301:
618	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
619
62020200229:
621	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
622	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
623	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
624
62520200229:
626	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
627	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
628
62920200229:
630	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
631	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
632	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
633	ports or packages.
634
63520200220:
636	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
637	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
638	ncurses.
639
64020200217:
641	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
642	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
643	together with their new kernel.
644
64520200212:
646	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
647	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
648	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
649
650	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
651	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
652
65320200108:
654	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
655	linker for riscv64.
656
65720200107:
658	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
659	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
660	external toolchain package.
661
66220200104:
663	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
664	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
665	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
666	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
667	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
668
66920200102:
670	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
671	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
672	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
673	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
674
67520191226:
676	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
677	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
678	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
679	ABI.
680
68120191226:
682	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
683
68420191222:
685	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
686	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
687	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
688	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
689
69020191212:
691	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
692	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
693	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
694
69520191205:
696	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
697	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
698	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
699	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
700	differences between those included in the port and those included in
701	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
702	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
703	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
704
70520191120:
706	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
707	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
708	for automounting.
709
71020191107:
711	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
712	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
713	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
714	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
715	add superio to the set.
716
71720191021:
718	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
719	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
720
72120191021:
722	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
723	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
724	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
725	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
726	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
727	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
728	completely in the future.
729
73020191009:
731	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
732	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
733	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
734	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
735	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
736	will be removed from the list.
737
73820191009:
739	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
740	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
741	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
742	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
743
74420191003:
745	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
746	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
747	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
748	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
749
75020190913:
751	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
752	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
753	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
754	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
755
75620190823:
757	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
758	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
759	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
760
76120190727:
762	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
763	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
764	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
765	your scripts, because they had no effect.
766
767	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
768	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
769	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
770	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
771	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
772
77320190713:
774	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
775	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
776	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
777	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
778	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
779	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
780	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
781
78220190620:
783	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
784	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
785	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
786	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
787
78820190612:
789	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
790	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
791	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
792	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
793
79420190608:
795	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
796	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
797	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
798
79920190513:
800	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
801	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
802	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
803	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
804	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
805	avoid running into the limit.
806
80720190507:
808	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
809	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
810
81120190507:
812	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
813	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
814	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
815	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
816	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
817	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
818
81920190418:
820	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
821	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
822	entropy:
823
824	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
825	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
826	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
827	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
828	availability properties.
829
830	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
831	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
832	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
833	initial condition, if desired.
834
835	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
836	Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
837
838	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
839	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
840	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
841	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
842
84320190416:
844	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
845	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
846	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
847	therefore unblocked).
848
84920190404:
850	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
851	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
852	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
853	is added to the command line.
854	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
855	not affected and should continue to work.
856
85720190320:
858	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
859	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
860	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
861	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
862
86320190304:
864	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
865	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
866	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
867	or higher.
868
86920190226:
870	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
871	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
872	kernel config.
873
87420190219:
875	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
876	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
877	migrating to the drm ports.
878
87920190131:
880	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
881	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
882	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
883	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
884	is loaded automatically.
885
88620190125:
887	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
888	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
889	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
890	kernel config files.
891
89220181230:
893	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
894	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
895	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
896	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
897
89820181220:
899	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
900	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
901	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
902	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
903	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
904	most NFSv4 mounts.
905
90620181219:
907	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
908	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
909	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
910
911	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
912	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
913
914	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
915	removed from the mips port.
916
91720181211:
918	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
919	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
920	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
921	or higher.
922
92320181211:
924	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
925	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
926
92720181126:
928	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
929	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
930	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
931	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
932
93320181123:
934	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
935	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
936	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
937
93820181115:
939	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
940	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
941	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
942	FreeBSD versions.
943
94420181110:
945	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
946	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
947	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
948
949	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
950	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
951	being included using the command:
952		$ newsyslog -Nrv
953
95420181015:
955	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
956	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
957	drm-legacy-kmod.
958
959	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
960	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
961	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
962	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
963	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
964	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
965	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
966	that as you will get better support.
967
968	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
969	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
970	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
971	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
972
973	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
974	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
975	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
976	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
977	shortly.
978
97920181012:
980	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
981	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
982	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
983	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
984	be adjusted as necessary.
985
98620181009:
987	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
988	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
989	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
990	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
991
99220181006:
993	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
994	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
995	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
996	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
997	encouraged.
998
99920181002:
1000	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
1001	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
1002	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
1003	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
1004	nda device name.
1005
100620180913:
1007	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
1008	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
1009	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
1010	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1011	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1012	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1013
101420180826:
1015	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1016	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1017	default since FreeBSD-11.
1018
101920180822:
1020	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1021	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
1022	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1023
102420180818:
1025	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1026	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1027	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1028	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1029	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
1030	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1031	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1032
1033	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1034	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1035
103620180815:
1037	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1038	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1039	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1040	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1041	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1042	may not be observed in a future release.
1043
104420180808:
1045	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
1046	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1047	your environment.
1048
104920180731:
1050	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1051	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1052	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1053	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1054
105520180730:
1056	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1057	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1058	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1059	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1060	runtime services.
1061
106220180727:
1063	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1064	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1065	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1066
106720180723:
1068	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1069	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1070	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1071	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1072	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1073
107420180720:
1075	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1076	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1077	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1078	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1079	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1080	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1081
108220180719:
1083	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1084	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1085	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1086	boot_serial=YES
1087	boot_multicons=YES
1088	in /boot/loader.conf
1089	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1090	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1091	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1092
109320180719:
1094	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
1095	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1096	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1097	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1098	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1099	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1100	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1101	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1102	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1103	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1104	by the ntpd user.
1105
110620180717:
1107	Big endian arm support has been removed.
1108
110920180711:
1110	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1111	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
1112	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1113	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1114	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1115
111620180705:
1117	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1118	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1119	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
1120	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
1121	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1122	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1123
112420180702:
1125	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1126	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1127
112820180701:
1129	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1130	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1131	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1132	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1133	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1134	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1135	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1136
113720180630:
1138	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1139	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1140	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1141	or higher.
1142
114320180628:
1144	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1145	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1146	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1147	file.
1148
114920180612:
1150	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1151	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1152
115320180530:
1154	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1155	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1156	longer necessary.
1157
115820180530:
1159	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1160	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1161	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1162	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1163
116420180523:
1165	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1166	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1167	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1168	later than r334108.
1169
117020180517:
1171	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
1172	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1173	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1174	it must be removed.
1175
117620180510:
1177	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1178	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1179	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1180	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1181	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1182	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1183	will go away.
1184
1185	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1186	workaround is necessary.
1187
118820180508:
1189	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1190	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
1191	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
1192	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1193
119420180504:
1195	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
1196	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1197	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1198	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1199	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1200
120120180502:
1202	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
1203	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1204	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
1205	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1206
120720180501:
1208	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
1209	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1210	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1211	be removed.
1212
121320180413:
1214	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
1215	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1216	removed.
1217
121820180411:
1219	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
1220	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1221	removed.
1222
122320180406:
1224	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1225	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1226	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1227	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1228	microseconds and time zone offsets.
1229
1230	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1231	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1232	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1233	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1234	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1235	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1236	adjustments, depending on the software used.
1237
1238	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1239	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1240
1241		source src {
1242			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1243		}
1244
1245	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1246	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1247	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1248
1249		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1250
1251	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1252	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1253	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1254	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1255	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1256	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1257	thus expected to continue to function as before.
1258
1259	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1260	change.
1261
126220180328:
1263	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1264	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1265	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1266
126720180323:
1268	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1269	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1270	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1271	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1272	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1273	should be as simple as:
1274
1275		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1276		$ make depend all install
1277
127820180212:
1279	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1280	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1281	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1282	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1283	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1284	provisions for backup boot methods.
1285
128620180211:
1287	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1288	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1289	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1290	imp@freebsd.org.
1291
129220180114:
1293	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1294	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1295	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1296	or higher.
1297
129820180110:
1299	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1300	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1301	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1302
1303	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1304	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1305
130620180110:
1307	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1308	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1309	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1310	remove it from kernel config files.
1311
131220180104:
1313	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1314	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1315	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1316
1317	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1318	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1319
132020180102:
1321	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1322	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1323	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1324	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1325
132620171215:
1327	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1328	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1329
133020171214:
1331	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1332	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1333	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1334	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1335
133620171125:
1337	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1338	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1339	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1340	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1341	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1342	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1343
134420171110:
1345	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1346	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1347	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1348
134920171106:
1350	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1351	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
1352	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
1353	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1354	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1355
135620171102:
1357	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1358	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1359	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1360	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1361	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1362	environment.
1363
136420171101:
1365	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1366	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1367	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
1368	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1369	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1370	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1371	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1372	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1373	than hardcoding paths.
1374
137520171028:
1376	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1377	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1378	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1379
138020171021:
1381	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1382	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1383	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1384	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1385
138620171010:
1387	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1388	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1389
139020171005:
1391	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1392	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1393	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1394	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1395
139620171003:
1397	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1398	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1399	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1400	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1401	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1402
140320170912:
1404	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
1405	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1406	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
1407	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1408	/etc/ctl.conf .
1409
141020170912:
1411	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1412	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1413	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1414	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1415	soft-float everything else should be affected.
1416
141720170826:
1418	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
1419	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1420
142120170825:
1422	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1423	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1424	to complete.
1425
142620170814:
1427	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1428	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1429	${TESTSDIR}.
1430
1431	Behavioral changes:
1432	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1433	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1434	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1435	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1436
1437	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1438	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1439	sandbox if successful.
1440
1441	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1442	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1443	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1444	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1445	an unprivileged user.
1446
144720170808:
1448	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1449	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1450	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1451	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1452	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1453	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1454	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1455	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1456	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1457	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1458	to which you should answer yes.
1459
146020170728:
1461	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1462	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1463	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1464	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1465	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1466
146720170722:
1468	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1469	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1470	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1471
147220170701:
1473	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1474	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1475
147620170625:
1477	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
1478	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1479	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
1480	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1481	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
1482	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1483	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1484
148520170623:
1486	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1487	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1488	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1489	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1490	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1491	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1492
149320170620:
1494	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1495	if you require the GPL compiler.
1496
149720170618:
1498	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1499	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1500	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1501
150220170617:
1503	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1504	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
1505	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1506	followed.
1507
150820170531:
1509	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1510	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1511	from ports (and recommends to install it).
1512	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1513	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1514	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1515
151620170524:
1517	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1518	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
1519	which only require one chipset support.
1520
1521	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1522
1523	if_ath_load="YES"
1524
1525	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1526	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1527	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1528
1529	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1530	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1531
1532	* load ath_hal
1533	* load the chip modules in question
1534	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1535	* load ath_main
1536	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1537	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1538
1539	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1540
154120170523:
1542	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1543	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
1544	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1545
1546	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1547	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1548	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1549
1550	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1551	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
1552	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1553	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
1554	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1555	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1556	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1557	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1558
155920170424:
1560	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1561	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
1562	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1563
156420170420:
1565	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1566	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1567	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1568
156920170413:
1570	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1571	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1572	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1573	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1574	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1575	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1576	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1577
157820170407:
1579	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1580	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1581	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1582	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1583
158420170405:
1585	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1586	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
1587	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1588
158920170331:
1590	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1591	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1592	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1593
159420170329:
1595	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1596	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1597
1598	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1599	via one of the following methods:
1600	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1601	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1602	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1603	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1604
1605	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1606
160720170316:
1608	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1609	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1610	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1611	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1612	with mmc.ko).
1613
161420170315:
1615	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1616	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1617	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1618	be prefixed with colon.
1619
162020170311:
1621	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1622	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1623	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1624
162520170302:
1626	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1627	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1628	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1629
163020170221:
1631	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1632	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1633	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
1634	change.
1635
163620170216:
1637	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1638	valid.
1639
164020170215:
1641	MCA bus support has been removed.
1642
164320170127:
1644	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1645	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1646
164720170112:
1648	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1649	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1650
165120170109:
1652	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1653	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1654	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1655	configuration.
1656
165720161217:
1658	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1659	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1660	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1661
166220161124:
1663	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1664	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1665	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1666
166720161119:
1668	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1669	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
1670	that link against it need to be recompiled.
1671
167220161030:
1673	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1674	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1675	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1676	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1677
167820161017:
1679	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1680	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1681	parts.
1682	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1683	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1684
168520161015:
1686	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
1687	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1688	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1689	removed from base.
1690
169120161008:
1692	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1693	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1694	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1695
169620161003:
1697	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1698	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1699
170020160924:
1701	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1702	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
1703	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1704	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1705
170620160918:
1707	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
1708	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1709	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1710	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1711	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1712
171320160918:
1714	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1715
171620160908:
1717	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1718	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1719	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
1720	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1721
172220160824:
1723	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1724	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1725	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1726	to 1200005.
1727
172820160818:
1729	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1730	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1731	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
1732	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
1733	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1734	0.
1735
173620160818:
1737	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1738	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1739
174020160708:
1741	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1742
1743After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
1744from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
1745entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
1746UPDATING file.
1747
1748COMMON ITEMS:
1749
1750	General Notes
1751	-------------
1752	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1753	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1754	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1755	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1756	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1757	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
1758	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
1759	report a bug if it happens consistently.
1760
1761	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1762	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1763	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1764	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1765	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1766	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1767	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1768	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1769	an exception.
1770
1771	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
1772	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
1773	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
1774	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
1775	step.
1776
1777	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1778	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1779	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1780	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1781
1782	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1783	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1784	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1785	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1786	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1787	should write them with this in mind.
1788
1789	ZFS notes
1790	---------
1791	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
1792	always follow these three steps:
1793
1794	1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1795	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1796
1797	2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
1798	doing a zpool upgrade):
1799
1800	When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
1801	block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1802		gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
1803	The value $N will typically be 1.  For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
1804
1805	3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
1806	pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
1807	zpool upgrade.
1808
1809	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1810
1811	EFI notes
1812	---------
1813
1814	There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
1815	current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
1816	efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
1817	deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
1818	fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
1819	/boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
1820	ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
1821	the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
1822
1823	Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
1824	may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
1825	location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
1826	mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
1827
1828	The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
1829	however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
1830	root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
1831	since it does not automatically understand some new features.
1832
1833	See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
1834
1835	To build a kernel
1836	-----------------
1837	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1838	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1839	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1840
1841	make kernel-toolchain
1842	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1843	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1844
1845	To test a kernel once
1846	---------------------
1847	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1848	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1849	debugging information) run
1850	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1851	nextboot -k testkernel
1852
1853	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1854	-----------------------------------------------------------
1855	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1856	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1857
1858	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1859	make buildworld
1860	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1861	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1862							[1]
1863	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1864	etcupdate -p					[5]
1865	make installworld
1866	etcupdate -B					[4]
1867	make delete-old					[6]
1868	<reboot>
1869
1870	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1871	--------------------------------------------------
1872	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1873	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1874	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1875	# size.
1876
1877	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1878	<boot into -stable>
1879	make buildworld
1880	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1881	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1882	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1883	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1884	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1885	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1886	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1887	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1888	<reboot into current>
1889	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1890	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1891	<reboot>
1892
1893
1894	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1895	----------------------------------------------
1896	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1897	make buildworld					[9]
1898	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
1899	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1900							[1]
1901	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1902	etcupdate -p					[5]
1903	make installworld
1904	etcupdate -B					[4]
1905	make delete-old					[6]
1906	<reboot>
1907
1908	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1909	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1910	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1911	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1912	the UPDATING entries.
1913
1914	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1915	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
1916	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1917	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1918	much fewer pitfalls.
1919
1920	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
1921	them at this point so they don't crash your system on
1922	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
1923	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
1924	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
1925	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
1926	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
1927	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
1928	and effective, eg:
1929	     PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
1930
1931	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1932		fsck -p
1933		mount -u /
1934		mount -a
1935		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
1936		cd src			# full path to source
1937		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
1938	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
1939	into single user mode to do the installworld.
1940
1941	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
1942	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1943	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1944	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1945	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1946	for potential gotchas.  See etcupdate(8) for more information.
1947
1948	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
1949	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1950	step.
1951
1952	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1953	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1954	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1955
1956	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
1957	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
1958	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
1959	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
1960	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
1961	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
1962	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
1963	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
1964
1965	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1966	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
1967	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
1968	for these as well.
1969
1970	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1971	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1972	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1973
1974	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1975	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
1976	warn if it is improperly defined.
1977FORMAT:
1978
1979This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1980breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1981list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1982If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1983to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1984
1985Copyright information:
1986
1987Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
1988
1989Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1990modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1991document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1992
1993THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1994IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1995WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1996DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1997INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1998(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1999SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2000HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2001STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2002IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2003POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2004
2005Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2006this document.
2007
2008$FreeBSD$
2009