1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020230623: 31 OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout 32 the base system. It is important to rebuild third-party software 33 after upgrading. 34 3520230619: 36 To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf 37 filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered 38 locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets 39 delivered to lo0. To enable this feature: 40 41 sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1 42 service pf restart 43 44 When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not 45 filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule. 46 4720230613: 48 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now 49 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+ 50 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single 51 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't 52 already properly quoted or escaped. 53 5420230612: 55 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda. 56 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a 57 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1 58 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel 59 config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add 60 kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf. The default has been nda on 61 all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back, 62 please email imp@freebsd.org about why. 63 6420230422: 65 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree 66 using git instead. 67 6820230420: 69 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging 70 eg. 71 make buildworld-jobs 72 runs 73 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1 74 75 where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env. 76 7720230316: 78 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed. 79 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 80 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and 81 "device imx6_ipu" to it. 82 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 83 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it. 84 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't 85 exist anymore. 86 8720230221: 88 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 89 for details. 90 9120230206: 92 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 93 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 94 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 95 9620230204: 97 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 98 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 99 10020230130: 101 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 102 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 103 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 104 10520230126: 106 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 107 system are now built unconditionally. 108 10920230113: 110 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 111 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 112 11320221212: 114 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 115 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 116 117 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 118 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 119 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 120 12120221205: 122 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 123 to reenable sendmail(8): 124 125 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 126 127 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 128 12920221204: 130 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 131 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 132 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 133 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 134 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 135 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 136 137 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 138 13920221122: 140 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 141 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 142 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 143 14420221121: 145 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 146 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 147 14820221026: 149 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 150 for pkgbase users to do: 151 152 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 153 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 154 155 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 156 installed. 157 15820220610: 159 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 160 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 161 16220211230: 163 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 164 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 165 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 166 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 167 reflect this change. 168 16920211214: 170 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 171 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 172 17320211209: 174 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 175 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 176 the coming days and weeks. 177 178 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 179 or touch 180 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 181 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 182 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 183 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 184 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 185 18620211202: 187 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 188 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 189 statement in unbound.conf: 190 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 191 192 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 193 194 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 195 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 196 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 197 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 198 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 199 such names when roaming to different homenets. 200 20120211110: 202 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 203 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 204 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 205 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 206 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 207 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 208 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 209 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 210 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 211 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 212 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 213 21420211118: 215 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 216 tree shortly. 217 21820211106: 219 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 220 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 221 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 222 may need to be modified. 223 22420211022: 225 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 226 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 227 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 228 22920211020: 230 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 231 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 232 233 # chsh -s csh 234 23520211004: 236 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 237 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 238 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 239 this change. 240 24120210923: 242 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 243 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 244 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 245 list of modules to load on their systems. 246 24720210922: 248 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 249 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 250 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 251 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 252 25320210911: 254 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 255 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 256 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 257 being loaded. 258 25920210817: 260 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 261 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 262 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 263 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 264 application-specific configuration option for applications 265 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 266 26720210811: 268 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 269 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 270 27120210730: 272 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 273 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 274 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 275 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 276 27720210729: 278 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 279 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 280 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 281 28220210716: 283 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 284 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 285 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 286 28720210715: 288 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 289 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 290 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 291 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 292 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 293 to update your sources past the above hash and do 294 % cd usr.bin/awk 295 % make clean all 296 % sudo -E make install 297 to enable building kernels again. 298 29920210708: 300 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 301 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 302 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 303 30420210707: 305 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 306 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 307 30820210624: 309 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 310 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 311 for NFSv4 mounts. 312 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 313 31420210618: 315 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 316 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 317 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 318 additions and others. 319 32020210618: 321 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 322 renamed to "untrusted". 323 32420210611: 325 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 326 please install the svn package or port. 327 32820210611: 329 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 330 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 331 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 332 33320210610: 334 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 335 33620210608: 337 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 338 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 339https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 340 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 341 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 342 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 343 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 344 34520210525: 346 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 347 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 348 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 349 detect this. 350 35120210513: 352 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 353 libraries and utilities are packaged. 354 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 355 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 356 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 357 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 358 on the system. 359 36020210426: 361 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 362 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 363 need to be rebuilt from sources. 364 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 365 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 366 is not recommended. 367 36820210411: 369 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 370 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 371 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 372 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 373 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 374 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 375 37620210330: 377 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 378 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 379 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 380 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 381 38220210225: 383 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 384 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 385 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 386 38720210128: 388 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 389 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 390 update. 391 39220210108: 393 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 394 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 395 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 396 since it was bumped so recently. 397 39820210107: 399 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 400 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 401 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 402 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 403 40420210105: 405 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 406 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 407 requires a clean build. 408 40920201223: 410 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 411 instructions can be found at 412 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 413 and other documents in that repo. 414 41520201216: 416 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 417 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 418 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 419 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 420 42120201215: 422 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 423 may be installed from ports or packages. 424 42520201124: 426 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 427 See ping(8) for details. 428 42920201108: 430 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 431 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 432 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 433 43420201030: 435 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 436 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 437 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 438 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 439 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 440 44120201026: 442 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 443 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 444 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 445 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 446 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 447 find. 448 44920200923: 450 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 451 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 452 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 453 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 454 455 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 456 command you want to un-auger the tree is 457 cd sys/amd64/conf 458 svn revert -R . 459 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 460 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 461 46220200824: 463 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 464 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 465 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 466 unless you want to use new features. 467 468 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 469 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 470 rebuilding world may fail. 471 472 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 473 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 474 475 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 476 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 477 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 478 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 479 48020200824: 481 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 482 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 483 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 484 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 485 48620200821: 487 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 488 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 489 sources. 490 49120200817: 492 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 493 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 494 49520200816: 496 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 497 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 498 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 499 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 500 50120200810: 502 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 503 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 504 from sources, so a version bump was done. 505 50620200807: 507 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 508 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 509 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 510 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 511 51220200729: 513 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 514 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 515 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 516 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 517 continue to function. 518 519 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 520 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 521 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 522 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 523 52420200627: 525 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 526 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 527 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 528 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 529 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 530 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 531 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 532 53320200625: 534 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 535 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 536 53720200613: 538 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 539 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 540 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 541 54220200604: 543 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 544 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 545 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 546 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 547 548 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 549 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 550 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 551 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 552 /root/.shrc. 553 55420200523: 555 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 556 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 557 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 558 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 559 56020200512: 561 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 562 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 563 56420200424: 565 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 566 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 567 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 568 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 569 be functional without closefrom(2). 570 57120200414: 572 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 573 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 574 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 575 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 576 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 577 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 578 57920200310: 580 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 581 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 582 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 583 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 584 58520200309: 586 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 587 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 588 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 589 59020200301: 591 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 592 59320200229: 594 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 595 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 596 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 597 59820200229: 599 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 600 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 601 60220200229: 603 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 604 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 605 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 606 ports or packages. 607 60820200220: 609 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 610 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 611 ncurses. 612 61320200217: 614 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 615 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 616 together with their new kernel. 617 61820200212: 619 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 620 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 621 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 622 623 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 624 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 625 62620200108: 627 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 628 linker for riscv64. 629 63020200107: 631 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 632 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 633 external toolchain package. 634 63520200104: 636 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 637 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 638 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 639 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 640 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 641 64220200102: 643 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 644 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 645 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 646 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 647 64820191226: 649 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 650 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 651 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 652 ABI. 653 65420191226: 655 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 656 65720191222: 658 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 659 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 660 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 661 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 662 66320191212: 664 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 665 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 666 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 667 66820191205: 669 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 670 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 671 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 672 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 673 differences between those included in the port and those included in 674 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 675 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 676 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 677 67820191120: 679 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 680 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 681 for automounting. 682 68320191107: 684 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 685 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 686 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 687 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 688 add superio to the set. 689 69020191021: 691 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 692 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 693 69420191021: 695 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 696 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 697 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 698 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 699 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 700 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 701 completely in the future. 702 70320191009: 704 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 705 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 706 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 707 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 708 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 709 will be removed from the list. 710 71120191009: 712 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 713 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 714 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 715 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 716 71720191003: 718 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 719 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 720 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 721 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 722 72320190913: 724 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 725 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 726 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 727 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 728 72920190823: 730 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 731 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 732 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 733 73420190727: 735 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 736 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 737 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 738 your scripts, because they had no effect. 739 740 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 741 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 742 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 743 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 744 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 745 74620190713: 747 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 748 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 749 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 750 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 751 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 752 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 753 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 754 75520190620: 756 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 757 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 758 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 759 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 760 76120190612: 762 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 763 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 764 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 765 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 766 76720190608: 768 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 769 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 770 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 771 77220190513: 773 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 774 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 775 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 776 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 777 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 778 avoid running into the limit. 779 78020190507: 781 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 782 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 783 78420190507: 785 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 786 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 787 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 788 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 789 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 790 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 791 79220190418: 793 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 794 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 795 entropy: 796 797 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 798 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 799 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 800 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 801 availability properties. 802 803 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 804 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 805 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 806 initial condition, if desired. 807 808 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 809 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 810 811 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 812 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 813 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 814 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 815 81620190416: 817 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 818 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 819 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 820 therefore unblocked). 821 82220190404: 823 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 824 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 825 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 826 is added to the command line. 827 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 828 not affected and should continue to work. 829 83020190320: 831 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 832 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 833 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 834 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 835 83620190304: 837 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 838 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 839 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 840 or higher. 841 84220190226: 843 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 844 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 845 kernel config. 846 84720190219: 848 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 849 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 850 migrating to the drm ports. 851 85220190131: 853 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 854 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 855 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 856 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 857 is loaded automatically. 858 85920190125: 860 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 861 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 862 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 863 kernel config files. 864 86520181230: 866 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 867 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 868 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 869 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 870 87120181220: 872 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 873 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 874 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 875 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 876 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 877 most NFSv4 mounts. 878 87920181219: 880 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 881 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 882 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 883 884 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 885 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 886 887 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 888 removed from the mips port. 889 89020181211: 891 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 892 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 893 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 894 or higher. 895 89620181211: 897 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 898 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 899 90020181126: 901 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 902 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 903 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 904 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 905 90620181123: 907 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 908 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 909 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 910 91120181115: 912 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 913 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 914 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 915 FreeBSD versions. 916 91720181110: 918 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 919 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 920 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 921 922 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 923 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 924 being included using the command: 925 $ newsyslog -Nrv 926 92720181015: 928 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 929 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 930 drm-legacy-kmod. 931 932 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 933 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 934 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 935 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 936 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 937 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 938 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 939 that as you will get better support. 940 941 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 942 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 943 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 944 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 945 946 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 947 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 948 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 949 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 950 shortly. 951 95220181012: 953 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 954 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 955 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 956 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 957 be adjusted as necessary. 958 95920181009: 960 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 961 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 962 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 963 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 964 96520181006: 966 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 967 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 968 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 969 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 970 encouraged. 971 97220181002: 973 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 974 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 975 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 976 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 977 nda device name. 978 97920180913: 980 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 981 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 982 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 983 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 984 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 985 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 986 98720180826: 988 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 989 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 990 default since FreeBSD-11. 991 99220180822: 993 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 994 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 995 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 996 99720180818: 998 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 999 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 1000 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 1001 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 1002 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 1003 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 1004 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 1005 1006 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 1007 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 1008 100920180815: 1010 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 1011 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 1012 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 1013 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 1014 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 1015 may not be observed in a future release. 1016 101720180808: 1018 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 1019 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 1020 your environment. 1021 102220180731: 1023 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 1024 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 1025 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 1026 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 1027 102820180730: 1029 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 1030 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 1031 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 1032 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 1033 runtime services. 1034 103520180727: 1036 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 1037 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 1038 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 1039 104020180723: 1041 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 1042 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 1043 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 1044 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 1045 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 1046 104720180720: 1048 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 1049 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 1050 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 1051 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 1052 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 1053 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 1054 105520180719: 1056 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1057 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1058 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1059 boot_serial=YES 1060 boot_multicons=YES 1061 in /boot/loader.conf 1062 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1063 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1064 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1065 106620180719: 1067 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1068 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1069 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1070 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1071 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1072 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1073 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1074 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1075 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1076 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1077 by the ntpd user. 1078 107920180717: 1080 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1081 108220180711: 1083 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1084 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1085 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1086 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1087 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1088 108920180705: 1090 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1091 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1092 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1093 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1094 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1095 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1096 109720180702: 1098 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1099 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1100 110120180701: 1102 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1103 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1104 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1105 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1106 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1107 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1108 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1109 111020180630: 1111 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1112 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1113 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1114 or higher. 1115 111620180628: 1117 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1118 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1119 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1120 file. 1121 112220180612: 1123 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1124 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1125 112620180530: 1127 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1128 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1129 longer necessary. 1130 113120180530: 1132 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1133 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1134 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1135 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1136 113720180523: 1138 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1139 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1140 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1141 later than r334108. 1142 114320180517: 1144 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1145 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1146 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1147 it must be removed. 1148 114920180510: 1150 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1151 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1152 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1153 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1154 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1155 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1156 will go away. 1157 1158 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1159 workaround is necessary. 1160 116120180508: 1162 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1163 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1164 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1165 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1166 116720180504: 1168 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1169 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1170 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1171 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1172 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1173 117420180502: 1175 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1176 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1177 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1178 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1179 118020180501: 1181 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1182 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1183 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1184 be removed. 1185 118620180413: 1187 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1188 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1189 removed. 1190 119120180411: 1192 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1193 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1194 removed. 1195 119620180406: 1197 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1198 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1199 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1200 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1201 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1202 1203 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1204 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1205 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1206 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1207 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1208 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1209 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1210 1211 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1212 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1213 1214 source src { 1215 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1216 } 1217 1218 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1219 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1220 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1221 1222 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1223 1224 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1225 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1226 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1227 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1228 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1229 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1230 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1231 1232 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1233 change. 1234 123520180328: 1236 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1237 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1238 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1239 124020180323: 1241 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1242 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1243 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1244 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1245 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1246 should be as simple as: 1247 1248 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1249 $ make depend all install 1250 125120180212: 1252 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1253 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1254 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1255 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1256 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1257 provisions for backup boot methods. 1258 125920180211: 1260 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1261 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1262 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1263 imp@freebsd.org. 1264 126520180114: 1266 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1267 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1268 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1269 or higher. 1270 127120180110: 1272 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1273 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1274 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1275 1276 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1277 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1278 127920180110: 1280 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1281 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1282 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1283 remove it from kernel config files. 1284 128520180104: 1286 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1287 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1288 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1289 1290 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1291 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1292 129320180102: 1294 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1295 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1296 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1297 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1298 129920171215: 1300 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1301 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1302 130320171214: 1304 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1305 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1306 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1307 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1308 130920171125: 1310 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1311 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1312 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1313 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1314 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1315 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1316 131720171110: 1318 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1319 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1320 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1321 132220171106: 1323 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1324 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1325 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1326 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1327 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1328 132920171102: 1330 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1331 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1332 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1333 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1334 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1335 environment. 1336 133720171101: 1338 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1339 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1340 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1341 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1342 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1343 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1344 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1345 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1346 than hardcoding paths. 1347 134820171028: 1349 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1350 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1351 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1352 135320171021: 1354 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1355 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1356 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1357 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1358 135920171010: 1360 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1361 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1362 136320171005: 1364 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1365 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1366 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1367 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1368 136920171003: 1370 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1371 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1372 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1373 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1374 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1375 137620170912: 1377 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1378 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1379 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1380 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1381 /etc/ctl.conf . 1382 138320170912: 1384 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1385 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1386 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1387 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1388 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1389 139020170826: 1391 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1392 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1393 139420170825: 1395 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1396 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1397 to complete. 1398 139920170814: 1400 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1401 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1402 ${TESTSDIR}. 1403 1404 Behavioral changes: 1405 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1406 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1407 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1408 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1409 1410 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1411 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1412 sandbox if successful. 1413 1414 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1415 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1416 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1417 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1418 an unprivileged user. 1419 142020170808: 1421 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1422 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1423 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1424 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1425 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1426 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1427 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1428 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1429 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1430 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1431 to which you should answer yes. 1432 143320170728: 1434 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1435 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1436 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1437 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1438 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1439 144020170722: 1441 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1442 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1443 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1444 144520170701: 1446 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1447 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1448 144920170625: 1450 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1451 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1452 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1453 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1454 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1455 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1456 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1457 145820170623: 1459 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1460 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1461 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1462 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1463 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1464 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1465 146620170620: 1467 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1468 if you require the GPL compiler. 1469 147020170618: 1471 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1472 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1473 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1474 147520170617: 1476 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1477 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1478 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1479 followed. 1480 148120170531: 1482 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1483 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1484 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1485 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1486 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1487 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1488 148920170524: 1490 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1491 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1492 which only require one chipset support. 1493 1494 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1495 1496 if_ath_load="YES" 1497 1498 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1499 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1500 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1501 1502 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 1503 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1504 1505 * load ath_hal 1506 * load the chip modules in question 1507 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1508 * load ath_main 1509 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1510 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1511 1512 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1513 151420170523: 1515 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1516 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1517 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1518 1519 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1520 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1521 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1522 1523 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1524 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1525 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1526 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1527 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1528 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1529 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1530 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1531 153220170424: 1533 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1534 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1535 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1536 153720170420: 1538 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1539 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1540 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1541 154220170413: 1543 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1544 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1545 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1546 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1547 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1548 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1549 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1550 155120170407: 1552 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1553 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1554 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1555 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1556 155720170405: 1558 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1559 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1560 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1561 156220170331: 1563 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1564 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1565 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1566 156720170329: 1568 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1569 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1570 1571 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1572 via one of the following methods: 1573 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1574 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1575 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1576 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1577 1578 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1579 158020170316: 1581 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1582 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1583 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1584 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1585 with mmc.ko). 1586 158720170315: 1588 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1589 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1590 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1591 be prefixed with colon. 1592 159320170311: 1594 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1595 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1596 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1597 159820170302: 1599 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1600 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1601 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1602 160320170221: 1604 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1605 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1606 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1607 change. 1608 160920170216: 1610 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1611 valid. 1612 161320170215: 1614 MCA bus support has been removed. 1615 161620170127: 1617 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1618 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1619 162020170112: 1621 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1622 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1623 162420170109: 1625 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1626 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1627 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1628 configuration. 1629 163020161217: 1631 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1632 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1633 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1634 163520161124: 1636 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1637 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1638 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1639 164020161119: 1641 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1642 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1643 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1644 164520161030: 1646 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1647 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1648 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1649 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1650 165120161017: 1652 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1653 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1654 parts. 1655 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1656 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1657 165820161015: 1659 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1660 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1661 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1662 removed from base. 1663 166420161008: 1665 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1666 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1667 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1668 166920161003: 1670 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1671 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1672 167320160924: 1674 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1675 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1676 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1677 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1678 167920160918: 1680 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1681 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1682 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1683 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1684 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1685 168620160918: 1687 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1688 168920160908: 1690 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1691 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1692 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1693 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1694 169520160824: 1696 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1697 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1698 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1699 to 1200005. 1700 170120160818: 1702 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1703 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1704 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1705 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1706 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1707 0. 1708 170920160818: 1710 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1711 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1712 171320160708: 1714 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1715 1716After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 1717from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 1718entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 1719UPDATING file. 1720 1721COMMON ITEMS: 1722 1723 General Notes 1724 ------------- 1725 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1726 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1727 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1728 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1729 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1730 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 1731 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 1732 report a bug if it happens consistently. 1733 1734 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1735 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1736 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1737 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1738 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1739 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1740 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1741 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1742 an exception. 1743 1744 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 1745 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 1746 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 1747 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 1748 step. 1749 1750 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1751 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1752 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1753 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1754 1755 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1756 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1757 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1758 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1759 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1760 should write them with this in mind. 1761 1762 ZFS notes 1763 --------- 1764 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 1765 always follow these three steps: 1766 1767 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1768 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1769 1770 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 1771 doing a zpool upgrade): 1772 1773 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 1774 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1775 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 1776 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 1777 1778 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 1779 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 1780 zpool upgrade. 1781 1782 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1783 1784 EFI notes 1785 --------- 1786 1787 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 1788 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 1789 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 1790 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 1791 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 1792 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 1793 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 1794 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 1795 1796 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 1797 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 1798 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 1799 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 1800 1801 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 1802 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 1803 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 1804 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 1805 1806 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 1807 1808 To build a kernel 1809 ----------------- 1810 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1811 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1812 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1813 1814 make kernel-toolchain 1815 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1816 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1817 1818 To test a kernel once 1819 --------------------- 1820 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1821 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1822 debugging information) run 1823 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1824 nextboot -k testkernel 1825 1826 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1827 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1828 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1829 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1830 1831 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1832 make buildworld 1833 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1834 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1835 [1] 1836 <reboot in single user> [3] 1837 etcupdate -p [5] 1838 make installworld 1839 etcupdate -B [4] 1840 make delete-old [6] 1841 <reboot> 1842 1843 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1844 -------------------------------------------------- 1845 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1846 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1847 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1848 # size. 1849 1850 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1851 <boot into -stable> 1852 make buildworld 1853 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1854 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1855 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1856 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1857 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1858 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1859 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1860 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1861 <reboot into current> 1862 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1863 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1864 <reboot> 1865 1866 1867 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1868 ---------------------------------------------- 1869 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1870 make buildworld [9] 1871 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1872 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1873 [1] 1874 <reboot in single user> [3] 1875 etcupdate -p [5] 1876 make installworld 1877 etcupdate -B [4] 1878 make delete-old [6] 1879 <reboot> 1880 1881 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1882 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1883 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1884 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1885 the UPDATING entries. 1886 1887 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1888 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1889 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1890 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1891 much fewer pitfalls. 1892 1893 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 1894 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 1895 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 1896 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 1897 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 1898 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 1899 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 1900 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 1901 and effective, eg: 1902 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 1903 1904 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1905 fsck -p 1906 mount -u / 1907 mount -a 1908 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 1909 cd src # full path to source 1910 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1911 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 1912 into single user mode to do the installworld. 1913 1914 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1915 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1916 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1917 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1918 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1919 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 1920 1921 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1922 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1923 step. 1924 1925 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1926 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1927 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1928 1929 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 1930 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 1931 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 1932 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 1933 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 1934 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 1935 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 1936 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 1937 1938 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1939 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 1940 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 1941 for these as well. 1942 1943 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1944 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1945 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1946 1947 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1948 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1949 warn if it is improperly defined. 1950FORMAT: 1951 1952This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1953breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1954list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1955If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1956to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1957 1958Copyright information: 1959 1960Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 1961 1962Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1963modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1964document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1965 1966THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1967IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1968WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1969DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1970INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1971(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1972SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1973HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1974STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1975IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1976POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1977 1978Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1979this document. 1980 1981$FreeBSD$ 1982