1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh 4<imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly 5done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. 6 7Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 8/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running 9portupgrade. 10 11NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW: 12 FreeBSD 8.x has many debugging features turned on, in 13 both the kernel and userland. These features attempt to detect 14 incorrect use of system primitives, and encourage loud failure 15 through extra sanity checking and fail stop semantics. They 16 also substantially impact system performance. If you want to 17 do performance measurement, benchmarking, and optimization, 18 you'll want to turn them off. This includes various WITNESS- 19 related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc debugging flags 20 in userland, and various verbose features in the kernel. Many 21 developers choose to disable these features on build machines 22 to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520080713: 26 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 27 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 28 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 29 30 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 31 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 32 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 33 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 34 use the new device names. 35 3620080609: 37 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 38 disks instead. 39 4020080603: 41 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 42 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 43 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 44 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 45 4620080525: 47 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 48 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 49 5020080509: 51 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 52 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 53 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 54 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 55 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 56 5720080420: 58 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 59 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 60 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 61 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 62 For example, change: 63 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 64 to 65 wlans_ath0=wlan0 66 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 67 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 68 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 69 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 70 71 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 72 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 73 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 74 7520080408: 76 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 77 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 78 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 79 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 80 other operation levels. 81 8220080312: 83 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 84 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 85 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 86 compatibility with any prior release: 87 88 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 89 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 90 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 91 9220080301: 93 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 94 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 95 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 96 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 97 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 98 nonetheless. 99 10020080229: 101 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 102 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 103 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 104 with older hardware easier to do. 105 10620080220: 107 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 108 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 109 11020080211: 111 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 112 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 113 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 114 firewall rules. 115 11620080208: 117 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 118 mbuf chains. 119 12020080126: 121 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 122 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 123 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 124 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 125 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 126 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 127 third-party software might fail to build after this change 128 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 129 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 130 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 131 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 132 case that a portable fix is impossible. 133 13420080123: 135 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 136 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 137 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 138 13920071128: 140 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 141 functionality is the default now. 142 14320071118: 144 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 145 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 146 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 147 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 148 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 149 150 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 151 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 152 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 153 15420071024: 155 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 156 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 157 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 158 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 159 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 160 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 161 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 162 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 163 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 164 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 165 however. 166 16720071020: 168 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 169 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 170 used kproc_start().. 171 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 172 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 173 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 174 17520071010: 176 RELENG_7 branched. 177 17820071009: 179 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and 180 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set. 181 18220070930: 183 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that 184 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the 185 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It 186 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to 187 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports. 188 18920070928: 190 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf 191 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and 192 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used 193 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in 194 rc.conf. 195 19620070921: 197 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name 198 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header. 199 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux. 200 20120070704: 202 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The 203 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel 204 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated. 205 20620070702: 207 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please 208 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also 209 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and 210 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ 211 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities. 212 21320070701: 214 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the 215 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack 216 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change 217 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel 218 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that 219 will change after some settling time. 220 22120070701: 222 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4) 223 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more 224 information. 225 22620070612: 227 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver 228 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 229 accordingly. 230 23120070612: 232 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases 233 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If 234 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases 235 to "YES" to restore that functionality. 236 23720070612: 238 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and 239 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the 240 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to 241 the IPv4 network stack. 242 243 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for 244 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable 245 has now been removed. 246 247 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use 248 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has 249 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be 250 updated to reflect this. 251 252 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8) 253 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered 254 interfaces. 255 25620070610: 257 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless 258 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these 259 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless 260 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig, 261 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for 262 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules 263 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement 264 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure 265 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface 266 up will result in a message to the console and the device not 267 operating properly. 268 26920070610: 270 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication 271 function and starts providing an account management function. 272 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using 273 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may 274 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar): 275 276 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn 277 278 and change it according to this example: 279 280 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn 281 282 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to 283 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section 284 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files 285 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services. 286 28720070529: 288 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2) 289 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments 290 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using 291 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures. 292 29320070516: 294 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the 295 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new 296 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install 297 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your 298 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel 299 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring" 300 symbol. 301 30220070513: 303 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use 304 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to 305 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld 306 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed 307 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools, 308 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail 309 because the freshly installed libc will not have them. 310 311 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been 312 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default, 313 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld. 314 31520070423: 316 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired 317 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka, 318 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408 319 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again. 320 32120070417: 322 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better 323 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled. 324 32520070408: 326 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters 327 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the 328 base operating system should be recompiled. 329 33020070302: 331 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree. 332 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in 333 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via 334 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now 335 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports. 336 33720070228: 338 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3) 339 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA 340 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as 341 deprecated in previous releases. 342 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to 343 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API. 344 34520070224: 346 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API 347 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped 348 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in 349 sync. For more info: 350 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941 351 35220070224: 353 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC 354 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the 355 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are 356 set; see src.conf(5) for more information. 357 35820070214: 359 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only 360 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network 361 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry 362 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map. 363 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in 364 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default". 365 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost 366 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment 367 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router. 368 36920070210: 370 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast 371 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed. 372 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified. 373 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the 374 ip_mroute.ko module. 375 37620070207: 377 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing 378 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly 379 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in 380 mrouted.conf. 381 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the 382 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this 383 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030. 384 38520061221: 386 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 387 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are 388 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems, 389 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 390 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 391 in the loader. 392 39320061214: 394 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been 395 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the 396 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be 397 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in 398 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c". 399 40020061214: 401 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added 402 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be 403 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 404 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 405 40620061205: 407 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading 408 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures 409 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might 410 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the 411 linux module. 412 41320061126: 414 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and 415 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent, 416 with exceptions of followings: 417 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been 418 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example: 419 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans 420 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its 421 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function> 422 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users 423 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d". 424 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp". 425 42620061122: 427 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been 428 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and 429 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily 430 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko 431 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You 432 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt: 433 434 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX" 435 436 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed 437 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild 438 the array the same way you built it originally. 439 44020061122: 441 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build: 442 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs, 443 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been 444 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs 445 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs". 446 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in 447 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype". 448 44920061113: 450 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64 451 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be 452 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems, 453 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' 454 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader. 455 45620061110: 457 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING. 458 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having 459 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system 460 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page 461 has not yet been updated to reflect this change. 462 46320061026: 464 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by 465 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it 466 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change. 467 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with 468 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields 469 added to 'struct proc'. 470 47120060929: 472 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system. 473 47420060927: 475 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI 476 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is 477 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add 478 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org 479 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work. 480 48120060924: 482 tcpslice has been removed from the base system. 483 48420060913: 485 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to 486 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and 487 systat needs to be rebuilt. 488 48920060903: 490 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4 491 49220060816: 493 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour 494 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first 495 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON. 496 49720060725: 498 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures. 499 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures. 500 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text 501 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures. 502 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it. 503 50420060709: 505 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So 506 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel, 507 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also 508 be rebuilt, and vice versa. 509 51020060627: 511 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of 512 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration 513 accordingly. 514 51520060514: 516 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx 517 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves 518 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4) 519 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset 520 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before. 521 52220060511: 523 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been 524 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new 525 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible 526 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode 527 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before 528 `make installworld' with: 529 530 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i 531 532 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage 533 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their 534 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if 535 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours. 536 53720060412: 538 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by 539 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts 540 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that 541 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to 542 rewrite rules. 543 54420060428: 545 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4) 546 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4) 547 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4) 548 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has 549 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4) 550 implements the interface to support it. 551 55220060330: 553 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications 554 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog 555 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel 556 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain 557 functional. 558 55920060317: 560 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names. 561 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled 562 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf 563 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards 564 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's 565 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the 566 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf 567 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will 568 likely follow. Posting to current@: 569 570 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html 571 57220060305: 573 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its 574 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now. 575 57620060303: 577 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the 578 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko 579 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support 580 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through 581 its dependencies. 582 58320060204: 584 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality 585 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating, 586 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p. 587 58820060201: 589 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386. 590 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync. 591 59220060118: 593 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel 594 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules. 595 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You 596 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old 597 on your next install. 598 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add 599 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes" 600 to your /etc/make.conf. 601 60220060113: 603 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the 604 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed. 605 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details. 606 60720060112: 608 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade 609 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland 610 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4. 611 61220060106: 613 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 614 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f]. 615 61620060106: 617 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size 618 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such 619 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures. 620 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync. 621 62220051231: 623 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted 624 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove 625 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config. 626 62720051211: 628 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory 629 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a 630 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted 631 accordingly. 632 63320051202: 634 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in 635 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will 636 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are 637 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could 638 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in 639 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory. 640 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the 641 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list. 642 64320051129: 644 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it 645 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed 646 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error. 647 64820051129: 649 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need 650 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel. 651 65220051108: 653 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number. 654 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f]. 655 65620051029: 657 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp. 658 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from 659 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it. 660 66120051014: 662 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel 663 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options 664 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be 665 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of 666 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options 667 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and 668 modules afterwards. 669 67020051001: 671 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8) 672 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces. 673 67420050927: 675 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new 676 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement. 677 67820050722: 679 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t 680 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI 681 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile 682 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit 683 architecture. 684 68520050711: 686 RELENG_6 branched here. 687 68820050629: 689 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new 690 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike 691 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that 692 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in 693 removable_interfaces. 694 69520050616: 696 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of 697 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring 698 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been 699 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid 700 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may 701 affect existing configurations. 702 70320050610: 704 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be 705 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be 706 updated to the new APIs. 707 70820050609: 709 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile 710 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w' 711 will not behave correctly. 712 713 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition 714 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and 715 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}. 716 71720050606: 718 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient 719 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated 720 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you 721 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need 722 to find a workaround if you use this feature. 723 724 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be 725 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time 726 anyway). 727 72820050605: 729 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet. 730 Please recompile userland and all network related modules. 731 73220050603: 733 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and 734 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to 735 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI 736 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes, 737 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile 738 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3), 739 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture. 740 74120050528: 742 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell 743 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will 744 fail after this date. For full details, please see 745 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt 746 74720050503: 748 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7 749 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that 750 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function. 751 75220050415: 753 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386 754 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local 755 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option 756 should be updated. 757 75820050227: 759 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine 760 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld 761 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires 762 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages. 763 76420050225: 765 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to 766 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the 767 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because 768 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact 769 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of 770 none at this point.) 771 77220050224: 773 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the 774 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately. 775 77620050223: 777 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to 778 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use 779 with the new kernel. 780 78120050223: 782 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes 783 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or 784 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality. 785 78620050220: 787 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of 788 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the 789 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended 790 if you have updated the kernel. 791 792 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount 793 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before 794 mounting the new volume. 795 79620050206: 797 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for 798 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script 799 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in 800 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies. 801 80220050206: 803 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko) 804 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities. 805 80620050114: 807 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is 808 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the 809 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may 810 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be 811 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to 812 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words. 813 81420041221: 815 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed 816 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old 817 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying 818 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see 819 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file). 820 82120041219: 822 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has 823 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure 824 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them 825 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption 826 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to 827 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp, 828 and wlan_xauth as required. 829 83020041213: 831 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled 832 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on 833 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this 834 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to 835 reflect the change. 836 83720041201: 838 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support 839 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the 840 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module 841 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load 842 the module when a wep key is configured). 843 84420041201: 845 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control 846 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either 847 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel. 848 84920041116: 850 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please 851 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386. 852 85320041110: 854 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem 855 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode 856 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People 857 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems 858 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in 859 their /etc/rc scripts. 860 86120041104: 862 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here. 863 86420041102: 865 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal 866 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that 867 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 868 86920041022: 870 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile 871 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly 872 (netstat, sockstat, etc.) 873 87420041016: 875 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating 876 in the RELENG_5 branch. 877 878COMMON ITEMS: 879 880 General Notes 881 ------------- 882 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the 883 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or 884 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between 885 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary 886 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed 887 on the -current branch). 888 889 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 890 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 891 environment when searching for values for global variables. 892 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", 893 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual 894 page for more details. 895 896 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally 897 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch 898 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested 899 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful. 900 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major 901 version upgrade. 902 903 To build a kernel 904 ----------------- 905 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 906 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 907 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 908 909 make kernel-toolchain 910 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 911 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 912 913 To test a kernel once 914 --------------------- 915 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 916 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 917 debugging information) run 918 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 919 nextboot -k testkernel 920 921 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 922 -------------------------------------------------------------- 923 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace 924 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 925 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc). 926 927 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 928 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 929 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 930 make depend 931 make 932 make install 933 934 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 935 936 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 937 ----------------------------------------------------------- 938 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 939 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 940 941 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 942 make buildworld 943 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 944 [1] 945 <reboot in single user> [3] 946 mergemaster -p [5] 947 make installworld 948 make delete-old 949 mergemaster [4] 950 <reboot> 951 952 953 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 954 -------------------------------------------------- 955 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 956 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 957 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 958 # size. 959 960 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 961 <boot into -stable> 962 make buildworld 963 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 964 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 965 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 966 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 967 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 968 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 969 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 970 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 971 <reboot into current> 972 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 973 <maybe install compatibility libraries from src/lib/compat> 974 <reboot> 975 976 977 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current 978 ---------------------------------------------- 979 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 980 make buildworld [9] 981 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 982 [1] 983 <reboot in single user> [3] 984 mergemaster -p [5] 985 make installworld 986 make delete-old 987 mergemaster -i [4] 988 <reboot> 989 990 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 991 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 992 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 993 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 994 the UPDATING entries. 995 996 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 997 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 998 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 999 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1000 much fewer pitfalls. 1001 1002 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1003 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1004 system on reboot. 1005 1006 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1007 fsck -p 1008 mount -u / 1009 mount -a 1010 cd src 1011 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1012 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1013 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1014 1015 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1016 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1017 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1018 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1019 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1020 for potential gotchas. 1021 1022 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1023 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1024 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1025 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1026 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1027 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1028 1029 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries 1030 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 1031 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system 1032 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 1033 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. 1034 1035 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1036 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1037 1038 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1039 cvs prune empty directories. 1040 1041 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1042 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1043 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1044 1045 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1046 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1047 warn if it is improperly defined. 1048FORMAT: 1049 1050This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1051breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here, 1052and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in 1053previous releases if your system is older than this. 1054 1055Copyright information: 1056 1057Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1058 1059Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1060modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1061document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1062 1063THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1064IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1065WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1066DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1067INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1068(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1069SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1070HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1071STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1072IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1073POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1074 1075If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the 1076author a beer. 1077 1078Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1079this document. 1080 1081$FreeBSD$ 1082