1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020230613: 31 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now 32 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+ 33 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single 34 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't 35 already properly quoted or escaped. 36 3720230612: 38 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda. 39 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a 40 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1 41 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel 42 config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add 43 kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf. The default has been nda on 44 all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back, 45 please email imp@freebsd.org about why. 46 4720230422: 48 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree 49 using git instead. 50 5120230420: 52 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging 53 eg. 54 make buildworld-jobs 55 runs 56 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1 57 58 where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env. 59 6020230316: 61 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed. 62 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 63 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and 64 "device imx6_ipu" to it. 65 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 66 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it. 67 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't 68 exist anymore. 69 7020230221: 71 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 72 for details. 73 7420230206: 75 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 76 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 77 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 78 7920230204: 80 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 81 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 82 8320230130: 84 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 85 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 86 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 87 8820230126: 89 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 90 system are now built unconditionally. 91 9220230113: 93 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 94 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 95 9620221212: 97 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 98 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 99 100 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 101 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 102 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 103 10420221205: 105 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 106 to reenable sendmail(8): 107 108 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 109 110 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 111 11220221204: 113 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 114 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 115 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 116 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 117 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 118 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 119 120 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 121 12220221122: 123 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 124 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 125 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 126 12720221121: 128 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 129 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 130 13120221026: 132 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 133 for pkgbase users to do: 134 135 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 136 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 137 138 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 139 installed. 140 14120220610: 142 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 143 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 144 14520211230: 146 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 147 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 148 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 149 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 150 reflect this change. 151 15220211214: 153 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 154 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 155 15620211209: 157 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 158 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 159 the coming days and weeks. 160 161 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 162 or touch 163 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 164 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 165 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 166 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 167 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 168 16920211202: 170 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 171 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 172 statement in unbound.conf: 173 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 174 175 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 176 177 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 178 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 179 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 180 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 181 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 182 such names when roaming to different homenets. 183 18420211110: 185 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 186 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 187 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 188 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 189 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 190 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 191 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 192 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 193 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 194 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 195 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 196 19720211118: 198 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 199 tree shortly. 200 20120211106: 202 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 203 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 204 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 205 may need to be modified. 206 20720211022: 208 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 209 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 210 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 211 21220211020: 213 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 214 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 215 216 # chsh -s csh 217 21820211004: 219 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 220 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 221 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 222 this change. 223 22420210923: 225 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 226 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 227 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 228 list of modules to load on their systems. 229 23020210922: 231 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 232 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 233 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 234 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 235 23620210911: 237 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 238 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 239 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 240 being loaded. 241 24220210817: 243 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 244 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 245 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 246 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 247 application-specific configuration option for applications 248 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 249 25020210811: 251 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 252 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 253 25420210730: 255 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 256 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 257 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 258 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 259 26020210729: 261 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 262 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 263 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 264 26520210716: 266 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 267 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 268 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 269 27020210715: 271 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 272 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 273 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 274 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 275 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 276 to update your sources past the above hash and do 277 % cd usr.bin/awk 278 % make clean all 279 % sudo -E make install 280 to enable building kernels again. 281 28220210708: 283 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 284 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 285 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 286 28720210707: 288 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 289 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 290 29120210624: 292 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 293 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 294 for NFSv4 mounts. 295 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 296 29720210618: 298 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 299 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 300 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 301 additions and others. 302 30320210618: 304 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 305 renamed to "untrusted". 306 30720210611: 308 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 309 please install the svn package or port. 310 31120210611: 312 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 313 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 314 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 315 31620210610: 317 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 318 31920210608: 320 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 321 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 322https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 323 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 324 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 325 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 326 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 327 32820210525: 329 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 330 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 331 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 332 detect this. 333 33420210513: 335 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 336 libraries and utilities are packaged. 337 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 338 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 339 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 340 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 341 on the system. 342 34320210426: 344 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 345 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 346 need to be rebuilt from sources. 347 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 348 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 349 is not recommended. 350 35120210411: 352 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 353 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 354 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 355 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 356 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 357 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 358 35920210330: 360 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 361 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 362 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 363 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 364 36520210225: 366 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 367 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 368 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 369 37020210128: 371 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 372 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 373 update. 374 37520210108: 376 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 377 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 378 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 379 since it was bumped so recently. 380 38120210107: 382 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 383 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 384 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 385 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 386 38720210105: 388 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 389 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 390 requires a clean build. 391 39220201223: 393 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 394 instructions can be found at 395 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 396 and other documents in that repo. 397 39820201216: 399 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 400 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 401 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 402 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 403 40420201215: 405 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 406 may be installed from ports or packages. 407 40820201124: 409 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 410 See ping(8) for details. 411 41220201108: 413 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 414 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 415 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 416 41720201030: 418 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 419 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 420 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 421 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 422 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 423 42420201026: 425 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 426 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 427 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 428 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 429 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 430 find. 431 43220200923: 433 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 434 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 435 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 436 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 437 438 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 439 command you want to un-auger the tree is 440 cd sys/amd64/conf 441 svn revert -R . 442 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 443 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 444 44520200824: 446 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 447 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 448 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 449 unless you want to use new features. 450 451 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 452 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 453 rebuilding world may fail. 454 455 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 456 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 457 458 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 459 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 460 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 461 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 462 46320200824: 464 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 465 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 466 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 467 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 468 46920200821: 470 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 471 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 472 sources. 473 47420200817: 475 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 476 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 477 47820200816: 479 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 480 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 481 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 482 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 483 48420200810: 485 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 486 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 487 from sources, so a version bump was done. 488 48920200807: 490 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 491 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 492 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 493 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 494 49520200729: 496 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 497 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 498 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 499 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 500 continue to function. 501 502 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 503 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 504 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 505 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 506 50720200627: 508 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 509 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 510 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 511 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 512 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 513 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 514 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 515 51620200625: 517 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 518 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 519 52020200613: 521 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 522 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 523 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 524 52520200604: 526 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 527 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 528 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 529 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 530 531 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 532 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 533 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 534 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 535 /root/.shrc. 536 53720200523: 538 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 539 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 540 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 541 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 542 54320200512: 544 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 545 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 546 54720200424: 548 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 549 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 550 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 551 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 552 be functional without closefrom(2). 553 55420200414: 555 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 556 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 557 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 558 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 559 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 560 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 561 56220200310: 563 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 564 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 565 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 566 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 567 56820200309: 569 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 570 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 571 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 572 57320200301: 574 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 575 57620200229: 577 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 578 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 579 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 580 58120200229: 582 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 583 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 584 58520200229: 586 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 587 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 588 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 589 ports or packages. 590 59120200220: 592 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 593 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 594 ncurses. 595 59620200217: 597 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 598 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 599 together with their new kernel. 600 60120200212: 602 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 603 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 604 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 605 606 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 607 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 608 60920200108: 610 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 611 linker for riscv64. 612 61320200107: 614 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 615 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 616 external toolchain package. 617 61820200104: 619 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 620 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 621 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 622 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 623 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 624 62520200102: 626 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 627 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 628 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 629 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 630 63120191226: 632 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 633 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 634 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 635 ABI. 636 63720191226: 638 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 639 64020191222: 641 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 642 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 643 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 644 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 645 64620191212: 647 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 648 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 649 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 650 65120191205: 652 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 653 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 654 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 655 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 656 differences between those included in the port and those included in 657 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 658 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 659 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 660 66120191120: 662 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 663 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 664 for automounting. 665 66620191107: 667 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 668 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 669 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 670 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 671 add superio to the set. 672 67320191021: 674 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 675 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 676 67720191021: 678 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 679 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 680 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 681 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 682 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 683 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 684 completely in the future. 685 68620191009: 687 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 688 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 689 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 690 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 691 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 692 will be removed from the list. 693 69420191009: 695 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 696 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 697 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 698 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 699 70020191003: 701 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 702 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 703 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 704 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 705 70620190913: 707 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 708 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 709 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 710 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 711 71220190823: 713 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 714 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 715 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 716 71720190727: 718 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 719 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 720 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 721 your scripts, because they had no effect. 722 723 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 724 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 725 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 726 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 727 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 728 72920190713: 730 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 731 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 732 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 733 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 734 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 735 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 736 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 737 73820190620: 739 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 740 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 741 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 742 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 743 74420190612: 745 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 746 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 747 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 748 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 749 75020190608: 751 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 752 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 753 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 754 75520190513: 756 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 757 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 758 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 759 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 760 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 761 avoid running into the limit. 762 76320190507: 764 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 765 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 766 76720190507: 768 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 769 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 770 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 771 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 772 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 773 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 774 77520190418: 776 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 777 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 778 entropy: 779 780 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 781 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 782 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 783 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 784 availability properties. 785 786 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 787 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 788 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 789 initial condition, if desired. 790 791 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 792 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 793 794 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 795 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 796 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 797 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 798 79920190416: 800 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 801 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 802 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 803 therefore unblocked). 804 80520190404: 806 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 807 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 808 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 809 is added to the command line. 810 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 811 not affected and should continue to work. 812 81320190320: 814 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 815 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 816 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 817 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 818 81920190304: 820 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 821 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 822 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 823 or higher. 824 82520190226: 826 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 827 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 828 kernel config. 829 83020190219: 831 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 832 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 833 migrating to the drm ports. 834 83520190131: 836 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 837 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 838 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 839 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 840 is loaded automatically. 841 84220190125: 843 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 844 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 845 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 846 kernel config files. 847 84820181230: 849 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 850 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 851 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 852 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 853 85420181220: 855 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 856 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 857 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 858 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 859 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 860 most NFSv4 mounts. 861 86220181219: 863 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 864 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 865 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 866 867 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 868 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 869 870 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 871 removed from the mips port. 872 87320181211: 874 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 875 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 876 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 877 or higher. 878 87920181211: 880 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 881 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 882 88320181126: 884 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 885 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 886 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 887 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 888 88920181123: 890 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 891 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 892 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 893 89420181115: 895 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 896 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 897 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 898 FreeBSD versions. 899 90020181110: 901 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 902 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 903 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 904 905 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 906 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 907 being included using the command: 908 $ newsyslog -Nrv 909 91020181015: 911 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 912 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 913 drm-legacy-kmod. 914 915 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 916 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 917 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 918 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 919 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 920 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 921 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 922 that as you will get better support. 923 924 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 925 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 926 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 927 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 928 929 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 930 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 931 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 932 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 933 shortly. 934 93520181012: 936 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 937 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 938 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 939 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 940 be adjusted as necessary. 941 94220181009: 943 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 944 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 945 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 946 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 947 94820181006: 949 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 950 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 951 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 952 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 953 encouraged. 954 95520181002: 956 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 957 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 958 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 959 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 960 nda device name. 961 96220180913: 963 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 964 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 965 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 966 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 967 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 968 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 969 97020180826: 971 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 972 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 973 default since FreeBSD-11. 974 97520180822: 976 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 977 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 978 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 979 98020180818: 981 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 982 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 983 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 984 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 985 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 986 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 987 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 988 989 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 990 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 991 99220180815: 993 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 994 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 995 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 996 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 997 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 998 may not be observed in a future release. 999 100020180808: 1001 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 1002 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 1003 your environment. 1004 100520180731: 1006 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 1007 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 1008 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 1009 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 1010 101120180730: 1012 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 1013 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 1014 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 1015 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 1016 runtime services. 1017 101820180727: 1019 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 1020 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 1021 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 1022 102320180723: 1024 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 1025 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 1026 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 1027 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 1028 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 1029 103020180720: 1031 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 1032 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 1033 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 1034 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 1035 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 1036 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 1037 103820180719: 1039 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1040 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1041 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1042 boot_serial=YES 1043 boot_multicons=YES 1044 in /boot/loader.conf 1045 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1046 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1047 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1048 104920180719: 1050 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1051 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1052 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1053 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1054 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1055 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1056 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1057 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1058 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1059 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1060 by the ntpd user. 1061 106220180717: 1063 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1064 106520180711: 1066 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1067 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1068 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1069 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1070 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1071 107220180705: 1073 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1074 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1075 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1076 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1077 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1078 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1079 108020180702: 1081 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1082 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1083 108420180701: 1085 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1086 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1087 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1088 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1089 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1090 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1091 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1092 109320180630: 1094 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1095 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1096 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1097 or higher. 1098 109920180628: 1100 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1101 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1102 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1103 file. 1104 110520180612: 1106 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1107 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1108 110920180530: 1110 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1111 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1112 longer necessary. 1113 111420180530: 1115 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1116 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1117 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1118 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1119 112020180523: 1121 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1122 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1123 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1124 later than r334108. 1125 112620180517: 1127 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1128 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1129 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1130 it must be removed. 1131 113220180510: 1133 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1134 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1135 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1136 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1137 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1138 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1139 will go away. 1140 1141 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1142 workaround is necessary. 1143 114420180508: 1145 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1146 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1147 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1148 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1149 115020180504: 1151 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1152 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1153 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1154 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1155 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1156 115720180502: 1158 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1159 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1160 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1161 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1162 116320180501: 1164 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1165 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1166 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1167 be removed. 1168 116920180413: 1170 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1171 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1172 removed. 1173 117420180411: 1175 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1176 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1177 removed. 1178 117920180406: 1180 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1181 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1182 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1183 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1184 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1185 1186 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1187 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1188 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1189 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1190 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1191 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1192 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1193 1194 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1195 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1196 1197 source src { 1198 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1199 } 1200 1201 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1202 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1203 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1204 1205 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1206 1207 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1208 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1209 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1210 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1211 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1212 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1213 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1214 1215 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1216 change. 1217 121820180328: 1219 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1220 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1221 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1222 122320180323: 1224 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1225 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1226 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1227 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1228 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1229 should be as simple as: 1230 1231 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1232 $ make depend all install 1233 123420180212: 1235 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1236 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1237 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1238 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1239 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1240 provisions for backup boot methods. 1241 124220180211: 1243 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1244 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1245 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1246 imp@freebsd.org. 1247 124820180114: 1249 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1250 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1251 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1252 or higher. 1253 125420180110: 1255 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1256 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1257 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1258 1259 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1260 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1261 126220180110: 1263 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1264 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1265 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1266 remove it from kernel config files. 1267 126820180104: 1269 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1270 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1271 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1272 1273 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1274 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1275 127620180102: 1277 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1278 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1279 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1280 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1281 128220171215: 1283 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1284 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1285 128620171214: 1287 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1288 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1289 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1290 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1291 129220171125: 1293 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1294 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1295 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1296 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1297 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1298 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1299 130020171110: 1301 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1302 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1303 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1304 130520171106: 1306 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1307 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1308 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1309 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1310 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1311 131220171102: 1313 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1314 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1315 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1316 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1317 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1318 environment. 1319 132020171101: 1321 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1322 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1323 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1324 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1325 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1326 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1327 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1328 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1329 than hardcoding paths. 1330 133120171028: 1332 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1333 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1334 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1335 133620171021: 1337 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1338 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1339 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1340 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1341 134220171010: 1343 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1344 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1345 134620171005: 1347 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1348 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1349 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1350 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1351 135220171003: 1353 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1354 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1355 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1356 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1357 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1358 135920170912: 1360 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1361 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1362 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1363 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1364 /etc/ctl.conf . 1365 136620170912: 1367 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1368 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1369 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1370 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1371 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1372 137320170826: 1374 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1375 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1376 137720170825: 1378 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1379 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1380 to complete. 1381 138220170814: 1383 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1384 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1385 ${TESTSDIR}. 1386 1387 Behavioral changes: 1388 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1389 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1390 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1391 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1392 1393 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1394 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1395 sandbox if successful. 1396 1397 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1398 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1399 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1400 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1401 an unprivileged user. 1402 140320170808: 1404 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1405 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1406 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1407 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1408 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1409 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1410 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1411 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1412 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1413 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1414 to which you should answer yes. 1415 141620170728: 1417 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1418 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1419 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1420 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1421 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1422 142320170722: 1424 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1425 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1426 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1427 142820170701: 1429 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1430 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1431 143220170625: 1433 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1434 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1435 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1436 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1437 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1438 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1439 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1440 144120170623: 1442 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1443 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1444 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1445 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1446 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1447 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1448 144920170620: 1450 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1451 if you require the GPL compiler. 1452 145320170618: 1454 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1455 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1456 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1457 145820170617: 1459 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1460 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1461 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1462 followed. 1463 146420170531: 1465 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1466 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1467 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1468 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1469 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1470 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1471 147220170524: 1473 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1474 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1475 which only require one chipset support. 1476 1477 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1478 1479 if_ath_load="YES" 1480 1481 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1482 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1483 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1484 1485 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 1486 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1487 1488 * load ath_hal 1489 * load the chip modules in question 1490 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1491 * load ath_main 1492 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1493 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1494 1495 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1496 149720170523: 1498 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1499 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1500 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1501 1502 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1503 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1504 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1505 1506 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1507 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1508 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1509 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1510 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1511 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1512 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1513 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1514 151520170424: 1516 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1517 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1518 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1519 152020170420: 1521 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1522 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1523 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1524 152520170413: 1526 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1527 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1528 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1529 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1530 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1531 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1532 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1533 153420170407: 1535 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1536 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1537 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1538 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1539 154020170405: 1541 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1542 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1543 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1544 154520170331: 1546 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1547 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1548 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1549 155020170329: 1551 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1552 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1553 1554 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1555 via one of the following methods: 1556 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1557 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1558 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1559 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1560 1561 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1562 156320170316: 1564 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1565 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1566 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1567 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1568 with mmc.ko). 1569 157020170315: 1571 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1572 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1573 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1574 be prefixed with colon. 1575 157620170311: 1577 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1578 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1579 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1580 158120170302: 1582 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1583 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1584 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1585 158620170221: 1587 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1588 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1589 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1590 change. 1591 159220170216: 1593 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1594 valid. 1595 159620170215: 1597 MCA bus support has been removed. 1598 159920170127: 1600 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1601 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1602 160320170112: 1604 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1605 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1606 160720170109: 1608 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1609 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1610 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1611 configuration. 1612 161320161217: 1614 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1615 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1616 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1617 161820161124: 1619 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1620 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1621 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1622 162320161119: 1624 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1625 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1626 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1627 162820161030: 1629 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1630 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1631 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1632 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1633 163420161017: 1635 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1636 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1637 parts. 1638 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1639 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1640 164120161015: 1642 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1643 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1644 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1645 removed from base. 1646 164720161008: 1648 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1649 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1650 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1651 165220161003: 1653 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1654 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1655 165620160924: 1657 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1658 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1659 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1660 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1661 166220160918: 1663 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1664 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1665 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1666 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1667 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1668 166920160918: 1670 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1671 167220160908: 1673 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1674 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1675 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1676 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1677 167820160824: 1679 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1680 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1681 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1682 to 1200005. 1683 168420160818: 1685 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1686 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1687 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1688 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1689 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1690 0. 1691 169220160818: 1693 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1694 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1695 169620160708: 1697 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1698 1699After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 1700from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 1701entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 1702UPDATING file. 1703 1704COMMON ITEMS: 1705 1706 General Notes 1707 ------------- 1708 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1709 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1710 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1711 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1712 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1713 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 1714 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 1715 report a bug if it happens consistently. 1716 1717 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1718 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1719 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1720 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1721 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1722 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1723 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1724 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1725 an exception. 1726 1727 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 1728 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 1729 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 1730 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 1731 step. 1732 1733 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1734 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1735 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1736 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1737 1738 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1739 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1740 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1741 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1742 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1743 should write them with this in mind. 1744 1745 ZFS notes 1746 --------- 1747 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 1748 always follow these three steps: 1749 1750 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1751 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1752 1753 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 1754 doing a zpool upgrade): 1755 1756 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 1757 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1758 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 1759 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 1760 1761 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 1762 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 1763 zpool upgrade. 1764 1765 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1766 1767 EFI notes 1768 --------- 1769 1770 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 1771 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 1772 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 1773 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 1774 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 1775 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 1776 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 1777 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 1778 1779 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 1780 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 1781 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 1782 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 1783 1784 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 1785 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 1786 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 1787 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 1788 1789 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 1790 1791 To build a kernel 1792 ----------------- 1793 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1794 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1795 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1796 1797 make kernel-toolchain 1798 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1799 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1800 1801 To test a kernel once 1802 --------------------- 1803 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1804 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1805 debugging information) run 1806 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1807 nextboot -k testkernel 1808 1809 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1810 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1811 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1812 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1813 1814 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1815 make buildworld 1816 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1817 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1818 [1] 1819 <reboot in single user> [3] 1820 etcupdate -p [5] 1821 make installworld 1822 etcupdate -B [4] 1823 make delete-old [6] 1824 <reboot> 1825 1826 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1827 -------------------------------------------------- 1828 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1829 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1830 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1831 # size. 1832 1833 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1834 <boot into -stable> 1835 make buildworld 1836 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1837 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1838 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1839 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1840 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1841 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1842 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1843 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1844 <reboot into current> 1845 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1846 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1847 <reboot> 1848 1849 1850 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1851 ---------------------------------------------- 1852 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1853 make buildworld [9] 1854 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1855 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1856 [1] 1857 <reboot in single user> [3] 1858 etcupdate -p [5] 1859 make installworld 1860 etcupdate -B [4] 1861 make delete-old [6] 1862 <reboot> 1863 1864 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1865 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1866 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1867 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1868 the UPDATING entries. 1869 1870 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1871 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1872 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1873 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1874 much fewer pitfalls. 1875 1876 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 1877 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 1878 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 1879 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 1880 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 1881 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 1882 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 1883 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 1884 and effective, eg: 1885 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 1886 1887 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1888 fsck -p 1889 mount -u / 1890 mount -a 1891 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 1892 cd src # full path to source 1893 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1894 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 1895 into single user mode to do the installworld. 1896 1897 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1898 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1899 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1900 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1901 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1902 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 1903 1904 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1905 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1906 step. 1907 1908 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1909 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1910 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1911 1912 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 1913 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 1914 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 1915 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 1916 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 1917 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 1918 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 1919 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 1920 1921 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1922 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 1923 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 1924 for these as well. 1925 1926 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1927 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1928 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1929 1930 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1931 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1932 warn if it is improperly defined. 1933FORMAT: 1934 1935This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1936breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1937list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1938If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1939to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1940 1941Copyright information: 1942 1943Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 1944 1945Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1946modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1947document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1948 1949THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1950IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1951WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1952DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1953INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1954(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1955SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1956HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1957STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1958IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1959POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1960 1961Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1962this document. 1963 1964$FreeBSD$ 1965