1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process 17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420181015: 35 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 36 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 37 drm-legacy-kmod. 38 39 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 40 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 41 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 42 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 43 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 44 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 45 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 46 that as you will get better support. 47 48 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 49 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 50 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap 51 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 52 53 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 54 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 55 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 56 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 57 shortly. 58 5920181009: 60 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 61 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is 62 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 63 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 64 6520181006: 66 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 67 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 68 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 69 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 70 encouraged. 71 7220181002: 73 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 74 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 75 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 76 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 77 nda device name. 78 7920180913: 80 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 81 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 82 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 83 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 84 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 85 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 86 8720180826: 88 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 89 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 90 default since FreeBSD-11. 91 9220180822: 93 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 94 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 95 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 96 9720180818: 98 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 99 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 100 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 101 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 102 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 103 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 104 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 105 106 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 107 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 108 10920180815: 110 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 111 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 112 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 113 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 114 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 115 may not be observed in a future release. 116 11720180808: 118 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 119 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 120 your environment. 121 12220180731: 123 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 124 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 125 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 126 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 127 12820180730: 129 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 130 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 131 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 132 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 133 runtime services. 134 13520180727: 136 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 137 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 138 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 139 14020180723: 141 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 142 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 143 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 144 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 145 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 146 14720180720: 148 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 149 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 150 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 151 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 152 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 153 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 154 15520180719: 156 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 157 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 158 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add : 159 boot_serial=YES 160 boot_multicons=YES 161 in /boot/loader.conf 162 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 163 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that 164 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer. 165 16620180719: 167 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 168 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 169 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 170 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 171 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 172 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 173 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 174 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 175 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 176 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 177 by the ntpd user. 178 17920180717: 180 Big endian arm support has been removed. 181 18220180711: 183 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 184 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 185 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 186 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 187 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 188 18920180705: 190 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 191 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 192 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 193 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 194 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 195 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 196 19720180702: 198 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 199 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 200 20120180701: 202 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 203 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 204 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 205 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 206 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 207 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 208 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 209 21020180630: 211 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 212 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 213 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 214 or higher. 215 21620180628: 217 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 218 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 219 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file. 220 22120180612: 222 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 223 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 224 22520180530: 226 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 227 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 228 longer necessary. 229 23020180530: 231 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 232 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 233 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 234 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 235 23620180523: 237 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 238 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 239 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 240 later than r334108. 241 24220180517: 243 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 244 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 245 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 246 it must be removed. 247 24820180510: 249 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 250 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 251 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 252 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 253 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 254 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 255 will go away. 256 257 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 258 workaround is necessary. 259 26020180508: 261 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 262 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and 263 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 264 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 265 26620180504: 267 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 268 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 269 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 270 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 271 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 272 27320180502: 274 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 275 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 276 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 277 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 278 27920180501: 280 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 281 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 282 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 283 be removed. 284 28520180413: 286 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 287 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 288 removed. 289 29020180411: 291 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 292 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 293 removed. 294 29520180406: 296 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 297 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 298 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 299 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 300 microseconds and time zone offsets. 301 302 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 303 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 304 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 305 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 306 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 307 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 308 adjustments, depending on the software used. 309 310 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 311 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 312 313 source src { 314 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 315 } 316 317 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 318 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 319 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 320 321 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 322 323 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 324 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 325 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 326 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 327 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 328 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 329 thus expected to continue to function as before. 330 331 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 332 change. 333 33420180328: 335 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 336 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 337 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 338 33920180323: 340 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 341 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 342 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 343 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 344 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 345 should be as simple as: 346 347 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 348 $ make depend all install 349 35020180212: 351 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 352 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 353 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 354 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 355 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 356 provisions for backup boot methods. 357 35820180211: 359 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 360 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to 361 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org. 362 36320180114: 364 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 365 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 366 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 367 or higher. 368 36920180110: 370 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 371 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 372 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 373 374 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 375 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 376 37720180110: 378 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 379 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still 380 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it 381 from kernel config files. 382 38320180104: 384 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 385 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 386 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 387 388 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 389 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 390 39120180102: 392 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 393 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 394 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 395 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 396 39720171215: 398 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 399 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 400 40120171214: 402 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 403 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 404 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 405 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 406 40720171125: 408 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 409 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 410 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 411 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 412 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 413 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 414 41520171110: 416 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to 417 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 418 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 419 42020171106: 421 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 422 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 423 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 424 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 425 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 426 42720171102: 428 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 429 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 430 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 431 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 432 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 433 environment. 434 43520171101: 436 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 437 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 438 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 439 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 440 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 441 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 442 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 443 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 444 than hardcoding paths. 445 44620171028: 447 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 448 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 449 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 450 45120171021: 452 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 453 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 454 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 455 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 456 45720171010: 458 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 459 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 460 46120171005: 462 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 463 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 464 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 465 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 466 46720171003: 468 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 469 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 470 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 471 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 472 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 473 47420170912: 475 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 476 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 477 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 478 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 479 /etc/ctl.conf . 480 48120170912: 482 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 483 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 484 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 485 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 486 soft-float everything else should be affected. 487 48820170826: 489 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 490 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 491 49220170825: 493 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 494 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 495 to complete. 496 49720170814: 498 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 499 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 500 ${TESTSDIR}. 501 502 Behavioral changes: 503 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 504 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 505 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 506 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 507 508 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 509 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 510 sandbox if successful. 511 512 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 513 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 514 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 515 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 516 an unprivileged user. 517 51820170808: 519 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 520 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 521 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 522 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 523 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 524 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 525 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 526 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 527 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 528 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 529 to which you should answer yes. 530 53120170728: 532 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 533 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 534 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 535 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 536 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 537 53820170722: 539 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 540 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 541 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 542 54320170701: 544 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 545 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 546 54720170625: 548 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 549 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 550 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 551 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 552 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 553 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 554 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 555 55620170623: 557 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 558 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 559 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 560 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 561 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 562 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 563 56420170620: 565 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 566 if you require the GPL compiler. 567 56820170618: 569 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 570 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 571 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 572 57320170617: 574 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 575 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 576 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 577 followed. 578 57920170531: 580 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 581 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 582 from ports (and recommends to install it). 583 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 584 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 585 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 586 58720170524: 588 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 589 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 590 which only require one chipset support. 591 592 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 593 594 if_ath_load="YES" 595 596 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 597 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 598 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 599 600 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS 601 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 602 603 * load ath_hal 604 * load the chip modules in question 605 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 606 * load ath_main 607 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 608 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 609 610 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 611 61220170523: 613 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 614 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 615 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 616 617 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 618 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 619 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 620 621 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 622 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the 623 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild 624 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically, 625 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before 626 installing world. 627 62820170424: 629 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 630 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 631 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 632 63320170420: 634 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 635 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 636 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 637 63820170413: 639 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 640 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 641 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 642 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 643 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 644 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 645 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 646 64720170407: 648 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 649 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 650 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 651 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 652 65320170405: 654 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 655 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 656 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 657 65820170331: 659 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 660 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 661 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 662 66320170329: 664 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 665 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 666 667 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 668 via one of the following methods: 669 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 670 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 671 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 672 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 673 674 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 675 67620170316: 677 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 678 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 679 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 680 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 681 with mmc.ko). 682 68320170315: 684 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 685 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 686 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 687 be prefixed with colon. 688 68920170311: 690 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 691 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 692 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 693 69420170302: 695 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 696 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 697 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 698 69920170221: 700 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 701 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 702 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 703 change. 704 70520170216: 706 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 707 valid. 708 70920170215: 710 MCA bus support has been removed. 711 71220170127: 713 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 714 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 715 71620170112: 717 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 718 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 719 72020170109: 721 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 722 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 723 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration. 724 72520161217: 726 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 727 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 728 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 729 73020161124: 731 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 732 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 733 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 734 73520161119: 736 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 737 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 738 that link against it need to be recompiled. 739 74020161030: 741 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 742 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 743 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 744 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 745 74620161017: 747 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 748 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 749 parts. 750 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 751 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 752 75320161015: 754 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 755 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 756 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 757 removed from base. 758 75920161008: 760 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 761 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 762 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 763 76420161003: 765 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 766 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 767 76820160924: 769 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 770 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 771 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 772 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 773 77420160918: 775 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 776 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 777 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 778 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 779 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 780 78120160918: 782 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 783 78420160908: 785 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 786 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 787 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 788 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 789 79020160824: 791 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 792 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 793 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 794 to 1200005. 795 79620160818: 797 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 798 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 799 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 800 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 801 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 802 0. 803 80420160818: 805 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 806 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 807 80820160708: 809 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 810 81120160622: 812 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 813 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 814 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 815 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 816 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 817 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 818 kernel. 819 82020160527: 821 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 822 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 823 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 824 previously contained a line like 825 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 826 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 827 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 828 generally be fine. 829 83020160523: 831 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 832 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 833 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 834 built with the old headers. 835 83620160520: 837 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 838 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 839 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 840 installing a new libc. 841 84220160517: 843 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 844 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 845 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 846 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 847 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 848 packages will be needed. 849 850 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 851 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 852 and the install steps. 853 85420160510: 855 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 856 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 857 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 858 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 859 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 860 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 861 86220160414: 863 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 864 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 865 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 866 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 867 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 868 869 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 870 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 871 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 872 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 873 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 874 875 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 876 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 877 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 878 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 879 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 880 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 881 vendors work. 882 883 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 884 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 885 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 886 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 887 quirks entry to 0x3. 888 88920160330: 890 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 891 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 892 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 893 89420160317: 895 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 896 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 897 89820160311: 899 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 900 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 901 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 902 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 903 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 904 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 905 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 906 stale .depend files. 907 90820160306: 909 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 910 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 911 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 912 rebooting, e.g.: 913 914 make buildworld 915 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 916 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 917 make -C sys/boot install 918 <reboot in single user> 919 920 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 921 below. 922 92320160305: 924 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 925 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 926 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 927 92820160301: 929 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 930 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 931 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 932 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 933 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 934 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 935 93620160226: 937 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 938 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 939 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 940 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 941 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 942 94320160129: 944 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 945 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 946 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 947 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 948 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 949 95020160119: 951 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 952 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 953 95420160113: 955 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 956 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 957 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 958 95920151216: 960 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 961 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 962 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 963 other loaders. 964 96520151211: 966 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 967 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 968 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 969 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 970 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 971 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 972 97320151207: 974 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 975 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 976 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 977 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 978 in src.conf(5). 979 98020151130: 981 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 982 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 983 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 984 98520151108: 986 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 987 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 988 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 989 990 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 991 collation results will be different. 992 993 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 994 locales before running make installworld. 995 996 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 997 99820151030: 999 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 1000 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 1001 100220151020: 1003 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 1004 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 1005 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 1006 100720151017: 1008 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 1009 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 1010 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 1011 and 'make -N' will not. 1012 101320151012: 1014 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 1015 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 1016 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 1017 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 1018 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 1019 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 1020 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 1021 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 1022 102320151011: 1024 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 1025 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 1026 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 1027 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 1028 102920151006: 1030 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 1031 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1032 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1033 103420150924: 1035 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 1036 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 1037 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 1038 userland debug files. 1039 1040 When using the supported kernel installation method the 1041 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 1042 as is done with /boot/kernel. 1043 1044 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 1045 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 1046 104720150827: 1048 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 1049 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 1050 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 1051 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 1052 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 1053 rc.d scripts in /etc. 1054 105520150827: 1056 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 1057 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 1058 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 1059 106020150817: 1061 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 1062 them, the kernel must have 1063 1064 device random 1065 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 1066 1067 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 1068 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 1069 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 1070 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 1071 1072 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 1073 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 1074 107520150813: 1076 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1077 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 1078 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 1079 108020150810: 1081 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 1082 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 1083 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 1084 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 1085 1086 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 1087 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 1088 difference with this change. 1089 1090 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 1091 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 1092 remove that workaround. 1093 109420150809: 1095 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 1096 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 1097 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 1098 with: 1099 1100 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 1101 110220150806: 1103 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 1104 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 1105 loader.rc.local instead. 1106 110720150805: 1108 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 1109 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 1110 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 1111 111220150728: 1113 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 1114 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 1115 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 1116 1117 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 1118 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 1119 112020150706: 1121 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 1122 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 1123 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 1124 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 1125 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 1126 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 1127 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 1128 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 1129 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 1130 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 1131 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 1132 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 1133 113420150630: 1135 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 1136 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 1137 1138 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 1139 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 1140 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 1141 1142 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 1143 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 1144 1145 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 1146 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 1147 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 1148 1149 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 1150 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 1151 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 1152 and it is assumed you know what you need. 1153 1154 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 1155 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 1156 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 1157 behaviour from your security subsystems. 1158 1159 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 1160 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 1161 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 1162 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 1163 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 1164 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 1165 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 1166 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 1167 will never happen. 1168 116920150623: 1170 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 1171 entry below has been committed in revision 284717. 1172 117320150616: 1174 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 1175 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 1176 117720150615: 1178 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 1179 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work 1180 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 1181 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 1182 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 1183 118420150614: 1185 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 1186 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 1187 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 1188 with Kyuafile and kyua. 1189 119020150614: 1191 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 1192 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 1193 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 1194 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 1195 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 1196 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 1197 2048 bit DH parameter by: 1198 1199 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 1200 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 1201 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 1202 replace it with '2'. 1203 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 1204 a file path, create a new file with: 1205 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 1206 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 1207 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 1208 5. Restart sendmail: 1209 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 1210 1211 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 1212 updated. 1213 121420150604: 1215 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 1216 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 1217 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 1218 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 1219 5.x. 1220 1221 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 1222 122320150525: 1224 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 1225 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 1226 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1227 122820150521: 1229 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 1230 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 1231 and Pandaboard: 1232 1233 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 1234 same but content is different now 1235 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 1236 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 1237 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 1238 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 1239 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 1240 124120150501: 1242 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 1243 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 1244 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 1245 124620150423: 1247 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 1248 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 1249 125020150415: 1251 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 1252 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 1253 125420150416: 1255 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 1256 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 1257 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 1258 125920150324: 1260 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 1261 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 1262 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 1263 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 1264 126520150315: 1266 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 1267 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1268 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1269 127020150307: 1271 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1272 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 1273 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 1274 kernel before rebooting. 1275 127620150217: 1277 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 1278 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 1279 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 1280 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 1281 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 1282 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 1283 128420150210: 1285 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 1286 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 1287 with the new kernel. 1288 128920150131: 1290 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1291 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 1292 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 1293 129420150118: 1295 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 1296 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 1297 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 1298 are not already using 3.5.0. 1299 130020150107: 1301 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 1302 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 1303 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 1304 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 1305 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 1306 130720150105: 1308 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 1309 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 1310 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 1311 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 1312 131320150102: 1314 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 1315 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 1316 131720141231: 1318 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 1319 1320 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 1321 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 1322 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 1323 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 1324 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 1325 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 1326 later. 1327 1328 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 1329 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 1330 of the box. 1331 1332 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 1333 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 1334 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 1335 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 1336 1337 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 1338 the instructions for 9.x above. 1339 1340 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 1341 default, and do not build clang. 1342 1343 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 1344 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 1345 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 1346 1347 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 1348 the following are most likely to appear: 1349 1350 -Wabsolute-value 1351 1352 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 1353 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 1354 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 1355 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 1356 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 1357 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 1358 cast, or disable the warning. 1359 1360 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 1361 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 1362 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 1363 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 1364 side-effects. 1365 1366 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 1367 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 1368 1369 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 1370 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 1371 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 1372 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 1373 1374 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 1375 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 1376 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 1377 unreachable could be optimized away. 1378 137920141222: 1380 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 1381 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 1382 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 1383 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 1384 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 1385 the utilities will report errors. 1386 138720141121: 1388 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 1389 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 1390 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 1391 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 1392 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 1393 LOCAL_DIRS. 1394 139520141109: 1396 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 1397 has been obsolete for a very long time. 1398 139920141104: 1400 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 1401 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 1402 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 1403 drivers. 1404 1405 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 1406 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 1407 indicate what you need to do. 1408 1409 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 1410 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 1411 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 1412 1413 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 1414 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 1415 kern.vty=sc 1416 141720141102: 1418 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 1419 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 1420 execute it. 1421 142220141009: 1423 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 1424 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 1425 devel/gperf port. 1426 142720140923: 1428 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 1429 contrib/pjdfstest . 1430 143120140922: 1432 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 1433 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 1434 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 1435 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 1436 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 1437 their next update cycle. 1438 143920140729: 1440 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 1441 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 1442 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 1443 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 1444 1.12.4_8 or newer. 1445 144620140723: 1447 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 1448 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 1449 145020140719: 1451 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 1452 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 1453 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 1454 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 1455 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 1456 new configuration. 1457 145820140709: 1459 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 1460 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 1461 them again. 1462 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 1463 146420140708: 1465 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 1466 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 1467 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 1468 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 1469 requires readline. 1470 147120140702: 1472 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 1473 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 1474 architecture. 1475 147620140701: 1477 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 1478 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 1479 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 1480 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 1481 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1482 148320140629: 1484 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 1485 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 1486 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 1487 148820140619: 1489 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 1490 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 1491 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 1492 149320140606: 1494 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 1495 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 1496 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 1497 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 1498 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 1499 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 1500 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 1501 "make installworld". 1502 1503 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 1504 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 1505 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 1506 is run. 1507 1508 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 1509 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 1510 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 1511 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 1512 be removed during a clean upgrade. 1513 151420140512: 1515 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 1516 151720140508: 1518 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 1519 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 1520 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 1521 152220140505: 1523 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 1524 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 1525 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 1526 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 1527 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 1528 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 1529 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 1530 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 1531 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 1532 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 1533 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 1534 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 1535 1536 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 1537 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 1538 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 1539 as well. 1540 154120140430: 1542 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 1543 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1544 154520140424: 1546 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 1547 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 1548 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 1549 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 1550 build hosts for older releases. 1551 1552 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 1553 r276991, respectively. 1554 155520140418: 1556 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 1557 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 1558 will silently lack HESIOD. 1559 156020140405: 1561 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 1562 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 1563 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 1564 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 1565 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 1566 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 1567 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 1568 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 1569 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 1570 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 1571 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 1572 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 1573 157420140306: 1575 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 1576 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 1577 with command line option -W. 1578 157920140226: 1580 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 1581 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 1582 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 1583 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 1584 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 1585 158620140216: 1587 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 1588 158920140216: 1590 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 1591 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 1592 159320140212: 1594 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 1595 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 1596 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 1597 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 1598 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 1599 160020140204: 1601 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 1602 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 1603 kernel is still highly recommended. 1604 160520140131: 1606 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 1607 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 1608 capability mode support in kernel. 1609 161020140128: 1611 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 1612 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 1613 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 1614 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 1615 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 1616 161720140110: 1618 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 1619 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 1620 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 1621 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 1622 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 1623 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 1624 162520131213: 1626 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 1627 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 1628 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 1629 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 1630 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 1631 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 1632 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 1633 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 1634 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 1635 163620131108: 1637 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 1638 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 1639 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 1640 should change your settings to use the latter. 1641 164220131025: 1643 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 1644 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 1645 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 1646 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 1647 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 1648 164920131014: 1650 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 1651 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 1652 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 1653 delete-old-libs": 1654 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 1655 or 1656 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 1657 165820131010: 1659 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 1660 revision r256279. 1661 1662COMMON ITEMS: 1663 1664 General Notes 1665 ------------- 1666 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1667 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1668 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1669 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1670 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1671 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1672 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1673 1674 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1675 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1676 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1677 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1678 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1679 1680 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1681 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1682 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1683 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1684 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1685 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1686 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1687 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1688 an exception. 1689 1690 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1691 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1692 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1693 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1694 1695 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1696 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1697 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1698 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1699 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1700 should write them with this in mind. 1701 1702 ZFS notes 1703 --------- 1704 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1705 these two steps: 1706 1707 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1708 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1709 1710 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1711 1712 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1713 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1714 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 1715 1716 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1717 1718 To build a kernel 1719 ----------------- 1720 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1721 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1722 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1723 1724 make kernel-toolchain 1725 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1726 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1727 1728 To test a kernel once 1729 --------------------- 1730 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1731 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1732 debugging information) run 1733 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1734 nextboot -k testkernel 1735 1736 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1737 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1738 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1739 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1740 1741 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1742 make buildworld 1743 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1744 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1745 [1] 1746 <reboot in single user> [3] 1747 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1748 make installworld 1749 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1750 make delete-old [6] 1751 <reboot> 1752 1753 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1754 -------------------------------------------------- 1755 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1756 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1757 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1758 # size. 1759 1760 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1761 <boot into -stable> 1762 make buildworld 1763 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1764 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1765 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1766 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1767 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1768 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1769 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1770 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1771 <reboot into current> 1772 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1773 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1774 <reboot> 1775 1776 1777 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1778 ---------------------------------------------- 1779 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1780 make buildworld [9] 1781 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1782 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1783 [1] 1784 <reboot in single user> [3] 1785 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1786 make installworld 1787 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1788 make delete-old [6] 1789 <reboot> 1790 1791 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1792 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1793 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1794 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1795 the UPDATING entries. 1796 1797 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1798 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1799 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1800 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1801 much fewer pitfalls. 1802 1803 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1804 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1805 system on reboot. 1806 1807 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1808 fsck -p 1809 mount -u / 1810 mount -a 1811 cd src 1812 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1813 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1814 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1815 1816 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1817 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1818 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1819 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1820 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1821 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1822 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1823 1824 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1825 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1826 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1827 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1828 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1829 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1830 1831 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1832 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1833 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1834 1835 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1836 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1837 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1838 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1839 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1840 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1841 1842 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1843 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1844 1845 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1846 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1847 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1848 1849 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1850 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1851 warn if it is improperly defined. 1852FORMAT: 1853 1854This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1855breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1856list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1857If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1858to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1859 1860Copyright information: 1861 1862Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1863 1864Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1865modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1866document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1867 1868THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1869IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1870WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1871DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1872INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1873(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1874SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1875HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1876STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1877IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1878POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1879 1880Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1881this document. 1882 1883$FreeBSD$ 1884