xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision c03909c9d8253562905f31ef69aebd6643ab2f82)
1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
13
14NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW:
15	FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
16	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
17	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
18	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
19	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
20	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
21	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
22	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
23	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
24	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
25	debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
26	disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
27	"ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
28
2920190713:
30	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it rotated
31	by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 because the file
32	contains sensitive information that should not be world-readable.  If the
33	/var/account directory must be created by rc.d/accounting, the mode used is
34	now 0750.  Admins who use the accounting feature are encouraged to change
35	the mode of an existing /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
36
3720190620:
38	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
39	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
40	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
41	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
42
4320190612:
44	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
45	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
46	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
47	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
48
4920190608:
50	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
51	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
52	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
53
5420190513:
55	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
56	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
57	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
58	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
59	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
60	avoid running into the limit.
61
6220190507:
63	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
64	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
65
6620190507:
67	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
68	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_load="if_tap" or
69	kld_load="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
70	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
71	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
72	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
73
7420190418:
75	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
76	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
77	entropy:
78
79	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
80	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
81	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
82	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
83	availability properties.
84
85	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
86	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
87	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
88	initial condition, if desired.
89
90	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
91	Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
92
93	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
94	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
95	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
96	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
97
9820190416:
99	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
100	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
101	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
102	therefore unblocked).
103
10420190404:
105	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
106	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
107	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
108	is added to the command line.
109	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
110	not affected and should continue to work.
111
11220190320:
113	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
114	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
115	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
116	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
117
11820190304:
119	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
120	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
121	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
122	or higher.
123
12420190226:
125	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
126	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
127	kernel config.
128
12920190219:
130	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
131	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
132	migrating to the drm ports.
133
13420190131:
135	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
136	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
137	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
138	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
139	is loaded automatically.
140
14120190125:
142	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
143	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
144	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
145	kernel config files.
146
14720181230:
148	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
149	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
150	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
151	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
152
15320181220:
154	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
155	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
156	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
157	from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
158	NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
159	most NFSv4 mounts.
160
16120181219:
162	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
163	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
164	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
165
166	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
167	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
168
169	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
170	removed from the mips port.
171
17220181211:
173	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
174	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
175	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
176	or higher.
177
17820181211:
179	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
180	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
181
18220181126:
183	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
184	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
185	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
186	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
187
18820181123:
189	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
190	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
191	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
192
19320181115:
194	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
195	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
196	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
197	FreeBSD versions.
198
19920181110:
200	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
201	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
202	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
203
204	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
205	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
206	being included using the command:
207		$ newsyslog -Nrv
208
20920181015:
210	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
211	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
212	drm-legacy-kmod.
213
214	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
215	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
216	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
217	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
218	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
219	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
220	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
221	that as you will get better support.
222
223	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
224	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
225	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
226	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
227
228	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
229	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
230	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
231	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
232	shortly.
233
23420181012:
235	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
236	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
237	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
238	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
239	be adjusted as necessary.
240
24120181009:
242	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
243	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
244	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
245	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
246
24720181006:
248	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
249	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
250	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
251	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
252	encouraged.
253
25420181002:
255	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
256	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
257	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
258	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
259	nda device name.
260
26120180913:
262	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
263	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
264	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
265	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
266	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
267	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
268
26920180826:
270	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
271	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
272	default since FreeBSD-11.
273
27420180822:
275	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
276	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
277	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
278
27920180818:
280	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
281	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
282	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
283	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
284	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
285	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
286	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
287
288	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
289	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
290
29120180815:
292	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
293	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
294	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
295	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
296	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
297	may not be observed in a future release.
298
29920180808:
300	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
301	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
302	your environment.
303
30420180731:
305	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
306	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
307	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
308	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
309
31020180730:
311	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
312	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
313	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
314	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
315	runtime services.
316
31720180727:
318	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
319	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
320	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
321
32220180723:
323	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
324	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
325	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
326	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
327	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
328
32920180720:
330	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
331	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
332	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
333	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
334	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
335	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
336
33720180719:
338	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
339	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
340	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
341	boot_serial=YES
342	boot_multicons=YES
343	in /boot/loader.conf
344	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
345	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
346	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
347
34820180719:
349	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
350	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
351	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
352	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
353	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
354	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
355	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
356	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
357	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
358	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
359	by the ntpd user.
360
36120180717:
362	Big endian arm support has been removed.
363
36420180711:
365	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
366	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
367	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
368	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
369	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
370
37120180705:
372	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
373	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
374	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
375	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
376	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
377	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
378
37920180702:
380	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
381	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
382
38320180701:
384	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
385	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
386	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
387	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
388	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
389	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
390	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
391
39220180630:
393	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
394	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
395	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
396	or higher.
397
39820180628:
399	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
400	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
401	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
402	file.
403
40420180612:
405	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
406	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
407
40820180530:
409	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
410	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
411	longer necessary.
412
41320180530:
414	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
415	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
416	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
417	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
418
41920180523:
420	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
421	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
422	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
423	later than r334108.
424
42520180517:
426	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
427	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
428	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
429	it must be removed.
430
43120180510:
432	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
433	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
434	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
435	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
436	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
437	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
438	will go away.
439
440	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
441	workaround is necessary.
442
44320180508:
444	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
445	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
446	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
447	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
448
44920180504:
450	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
451	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
452	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
453	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
454	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
455
45620180502:
457	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
458	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
459	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
460	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
461
46220180501:
463	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
464	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
465	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
466	be removed.
467
46820180413:
469	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
470	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
471	removed.
472
47320180411:
474	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
475	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
476	removed.
477
47820180406:
479	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
480	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
481	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
482	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
483	microseconds and time zone offsets.
484
485	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
486	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
487	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
488	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
489	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
490	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
491	adjustments, depending on the software used.
492
493	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
494	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
495
496		source src {
497			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
498		}
499
500	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
501	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
502	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
503
504		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
505
506	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
507	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
508	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
509	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
510	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
511	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
512	thus expected to continue to function as before.
513
514	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
515	change.
516
51720180328:
518	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
519	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
520	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
521
52220180323:
523	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
524	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
525	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
526	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
527	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
528	should be as simple as:
529
530		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
531		$ make depend all install
532
53320180212:
534	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
535	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
536	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
537	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
538	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
539	provisions for backup boot methods.
540
54120180211:
542	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
543	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
544	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
545	imp@freebsd.org.
546
54720180114:
548	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
549	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
550	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
551	or higher.
552
55320180110:
554	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
555	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
556	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
557
558	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
559        WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
560
56120180110:
562	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
563	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
564	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
565	remove it from kernel config files.
566
56720180104:
568	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
569	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
570	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
571
572	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
573	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
574
57520180102:
576	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
577	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
578	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
579	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
580
58120171215:
582	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
583	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
584
58520171214:
586	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
587	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
588	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
589	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
590
59120171125:
592	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
593	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
594	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
595	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
596	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
597	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
598
59920171110:
600	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
601	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
602	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
603
60420171106:
605	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
606	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
607	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
608	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
609	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
610
61120171102:
612	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
613	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
614	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
615	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
616	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
617	environment.
618
61920171101:
620	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
621	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
622	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
623	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
624	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
625	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
626	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
627	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
628	than hardcoding paths.
629
63020171028:
631	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
632	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
633	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
634
63520171021:
636	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
637	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
638	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
639	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
640
64120171010:
642	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
643	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
644
64520171005:
646	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
647	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
648	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
649	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
650
65120171003:
652	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
653	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
654	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
655	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
656	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
657
65820170912:
659	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
660	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
661	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
662	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
663	/etc/ctl.conf .
664
66520170912:
666	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
667	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
668	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
669	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
670	soft-float everything else should be affected.
671
67220170826:
673	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
674	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
675
67620170825:
677	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
678	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
679	to complete.
680
68120170814:
682	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
683	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
684	${TESTSDIR}.
685
686	Behavioral changes:
687	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
688	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
689	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
690	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
691
692	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
693	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
694	sandbox if successful.
695
696	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
697	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
698	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
699	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
700	an unprivileged user.
701
70220170808:
703	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
704	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
705	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
706	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
707	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
708	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
709	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
710	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
711	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
712	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
713	to which you should answer yes.
714
71520170728:
716	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
717	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
718	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
719	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
720	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
721
72220170722:
723	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
724	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
725	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
726
72720170701:
728	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
729	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
730
73120170625:
732	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
733	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
734	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
735	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
736	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
737	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
738	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
739
74020170623:
741	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
742	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
743	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
744	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
745	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
746	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
747
74820170620:
749	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
750	if you require the GPL compiler.
751
75220170618:
753	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
754	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
755	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
756
75720170617:
758	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
759	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
760	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
761	followed.
762
76320170531:
764	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
765	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
766	from ports (and recommends to install it).
767	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
768	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
769	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
770
77120170524:
772	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
773	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
774	which only require one chipset support.
775
776	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
777
778	if_ath_load="YES"
779
780	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
781	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
782	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
783
784	If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
785	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
786
787	* load ath_hal
788	* load the chip modules in question
789	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
790	* load ath_main
791	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
792	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
793
794	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
795
79620170523:
797	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
798	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
799	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
800
801	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
802	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
803	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
804
805	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
806	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
807	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
808	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
809	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
810	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
811	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
812	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
813
81420170424:
815	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
816	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
817	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
818
81920170420:
820	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
821	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
822	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
823
82420170413:
825	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
826	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
827	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
828	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
829	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
830	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
831	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
832
83320170407:
834	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
835	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
836	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
837	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
838
83920170405:
840	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
841	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
842	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
843
84420170331:
845	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
846	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
847	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
848
84920170329:
850	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
851	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
852
853	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
854	via one of the following methods:
855	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
856	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
857	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
858	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
859
860	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
861
86220170316:
863	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
864	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
865	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
866	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
867	with mmc.ko).
868
86920170315:
870	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
871	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
872	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
873	be prefixed with colon.
874
87520170311:
876	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
877	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
878	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
879
88020170302:
881	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
882	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
883	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
884
88520170221:
886	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
887	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
888	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
889	change.
890
89120170216:
892	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
893	valid.
894
89520170215:
896	MCA bus support has been removed.
897
89820170127:
899	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
900	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
901
90220170112:
903	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
904	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
905
90620170109:
907	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
908	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
909	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
910	configuration.
911
91220161217:
913	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
914	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
915	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
916
91720161124:
918	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
919	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
920	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
921
92220161119:
923	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
924	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
925	that link against it need to be recompiled.
926
92720161030:
928	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
929	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
930	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
931	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
932
93320161017:
934	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
935	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
936	parts.
937	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
938	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
939
94020161015:
941	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
942	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
943	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
944	removed from base.
945
94620161008:
947	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
948	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
949	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
950
95120161003:
952	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
953	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
954
95520160924:
956	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
957	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
958	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
959	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
960
96120160918:
962	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
963	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
964	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
965	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
966	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
967
96820160918:
969	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
970
97120160908:
972	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
973	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
974	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
975	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
976
97720160824:
978	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
979	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
980	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
981	to 1200005.
982
98320160818:
984	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
985	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
986	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
987	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
988	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
989	0.
990
99120160818:
992	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
993	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
994
99520160708:
996	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
997
99820160622:
999	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1000	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1001	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1002	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1003	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1004	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1005	kernel.
1006
100720160527:
1008	CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1009	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1010	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
1011	previously contained a line like
1012	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1013	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
1014	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
1015	generally be fine.
1016
101720160523:
1018	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1019	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1020	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1021	built with the old headers.
1022
102320160520:
1024	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1025	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1026	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1027	installing a new libc.
1028
102920160517:
1030	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1031	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1032	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1033	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1034	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1035	packages will be needed.
1036
1037	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1038	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1039	and the install steps.
1040
104120160510:
1042	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1043	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
1044	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1045	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
1046	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1047	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1048
104920160414:
1050	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1051	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1052	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1053	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1054	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1055
1056		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1057		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1058		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1059		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1060		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1061
1062	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1063	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1064	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1065	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1066	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1067	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1068	vendors work.
1069
1070	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1071	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1072		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1073	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1074	quirks entry to 0x3.
1075
107620160330:
1077	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1078	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1079	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
1080
108120160317:
1082	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
1083	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1084
108520160311:
1086	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1087	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1088	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1089	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1090	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1091	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
1092	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1093	stale .depend files.
1094
109520160306:
1096	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1097	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1098	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1099	rebooting, e.g.:
1100
1101	make buildworld
1102	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1103	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1104	make -C sys/boot install
1105	<reboot in single user>
1106
1107	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1108	below.
1109
111020160305:
1111	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
1112	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1113	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1114
111520160301:
1116	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
1117	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1118	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1119	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
1120	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1121	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1122
112320160226:
1124	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1125	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1126	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1127	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1128	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1129
113020160129:
1131	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
1132	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1133	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1134	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
1135	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1136
113720160119:
1138	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
1139	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1140
114120160113:
1142	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1143	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1144	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1145
114620151216:
1147	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1148	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1149	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1150	other loaders.
1151
115220151211:
1153	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1154	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1155	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1156	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1157	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1158	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1159
116020151207:
1161	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1162	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1163	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1164	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1165	in src.conf(5).
1166
116720151130:
1168	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1169	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1170	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1171
117220151108:
1173	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1174	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1175	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1176
1177	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1178	collation results will be different.
1179
1180	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1181	locales before running make installworld.
1182
1183	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1184
118520151030:
1186	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
1187	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1188
118920151020:
1190	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1191	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1192	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1193
119420151017:
1195	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1196	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1197	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
1198	and 'make -N' will not.
1199
120020151012:
1201	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1202	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1203	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
1204	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1205	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1206	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1207	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
1208	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1209
121020151011:
1211	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1212	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1213	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1214	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1215
121620151006:
1217	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1218	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1219	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1220
122120150924:
1222	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1223	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1224	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1225	userland debug files.
1226
1227	When using the supported kernel installation method the
1228	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1229	as is done with /boot/kernel.
1230
1231	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1232	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1233
123420150827:
1235	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1236	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1237	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1238	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1239	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1240	rc.d scripts in /etc.
1241
124220150827:
1243	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1244	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1245	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1246
124720150817:
1248	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1249	them, the kernel must have
1250
1251	device	random
1252	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
1253
1254	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1255	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1256	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1257	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1258
1259	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1260	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1261
126220150813:
1263	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1264	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1265	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1266
126720150810:
1268	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1269	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
1270	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1271	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1272
1273	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1274	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1275	difference with this change.
1276
1277	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1278	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1279	remove that workaround.
1280
128120150809:
1282	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1283	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1284	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1285	with:
1286
1287	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
1288
128920150806:
1290	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1291	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1292	loader.rc.local instead.
1293
129420150805:
1295	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1296	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1297	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1298
129920150728:
1300	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1301	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1302	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1303
1304	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1305	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1306
130720150706:
1308	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1309	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1310	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
1311	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
1312	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1313	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
1314	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1315	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1316	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
1317	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
1318	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1319	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1320
132120150630:
1322	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1323	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1324
1325	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1326	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1327	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1328
1329	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1330	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
1331
1332	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
1333	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1334	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1335
1336	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1337	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1338	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1339	and it is assumed you know what you need.
1340
1341	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1342	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1343	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1344	behaviour from your security subsystems.
1345
1346	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1347	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1348	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1349	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1350	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1351	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1352	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1353	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1354	will never happen.
1355
135620150623:
1357	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1358	entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1359
136020150616:
1361	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1362	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1363
136420150615:
1365	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1366	below has been committed in revision 284436.  The work
1367	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1368	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1369	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1370
137120150614:
1372	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1373	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1374	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1375	with Kyuafile and kyua.
1376
137720150614:
1378	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1379	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1380	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
1381	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1382	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
1383	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1384	2048 bit DH parameter by:
1385
1386	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1387	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1388	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1389	   replace it with '2'.
1390	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1391	   a file path, create a new file with:
1392		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1393	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1394		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1395	5. Restart sendmail:
1396		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1397
1398	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1399	updated.
1400
140120150604:
1402	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1403	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1404	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1405	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1406	5.x.
1407
1408	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1409
141020150525:
1411	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
1412	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1413	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1414
141520150521:
1416	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1417	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1418	and Pandaboard:
1419
1420	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1421	  same but content is different now
1422	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1423	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1424	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1425	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1426	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1427
142820150501:
1429	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1430	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1431	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1432
143320150423:
1434	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1435	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1436
143720150415:
1438	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1439	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1440
144120150416:
1442	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1443	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
1444	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1445
144620150324:
1447	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1448	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1449	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1450	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1451
145220150315:
1453	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
1454	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1455	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1456
145720150307:
1458	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1459	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1460	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1461	kernel before rebooting.
1462
146320150217:
1464	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1465	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
1466	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1467	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1468	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1469	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1470
147120150210:
1472	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1473	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1474	with the new kernel.
1475
147620150131:
1477	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1478	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1479	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1480
148120150118:
1482	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
1483	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
1484	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1485	are not already using 3.5.0.
1486
148720150107:
1488	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1489	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1490	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1491	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1492	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1493
149420150105:
1495	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1496	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
1497	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1498	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1499
150020150102:
1501	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1502	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1503
150420141231:
1505	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1506
1507	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1508	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
1509	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1510	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1511	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1512	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1513	later.
1514
1515	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1516	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1517	of the box.
1518
1519	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1520	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1521	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
1522	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1523
1524	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1525	the instructions for 9.x above.
1526
1527	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1528	default, and do not build clang.
1529
1530	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1531	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
1532	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1533
1534	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1535	the following are most likely to appear:
1536
1537	-Wabsolute-value
1538
1539	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1540	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1541	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1542	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
1543	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1544	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1545	  cast, or disable the warning.
1546
1547	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1548	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1549	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1550	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1551	  side-effects.
1552
1553	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1554	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
1555
1556	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1557	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
1558	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1559	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1560
1561	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
1562	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1563	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1564	unreachable could be optimized away.
1565
156620141222:
1567	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1568	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1569	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1570	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1571	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1572	the utilities will report errors.
1573
157420141121:
1575	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1576	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1577	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
1578	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1579	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1580	LOCAL_DIRS.
1581
158220141109:
1583	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1584	has been obsolete for a very long time.
1585
158620141104:
1587	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1588	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1589	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1590	drivers.
1591
1592	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1593	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1594	indicate what you need to do.
1595
1596	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1597	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1598	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1599
1600	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1601	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1602	  kern.vty=sc
1603
160420141102:
1605	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1606	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1607	execute it.
1608
160920141009:
1610	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1611	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1612	devel/gperf port.
1613
161420140923:
1615	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1616	contrib/pjdfstest .
1617
161820140922:
1619	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1620	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1621	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1622	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
1623	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1624	their next update cycle.
1625
162620140729:
1627	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1628	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1629	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1630	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1631	1.12.4_8 or newer.
1632
163320140723:
1634	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1635	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1636
163720140719:
1638	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1639	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1640	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
1641	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1642	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1643	new configuration.
1644
164520140709:
1646	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1647	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1648	them again.
1649	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1650
165120140708:
1652	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1653	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1654	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
1655	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1656	requires readline.
1657
165820140702:
1659	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1660	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1661	architecture.
1662
166320140701:
1664	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1665	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
1666	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1667	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1668	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1669
167020140629:
1671	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1672	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1673	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1674
167520140619:
1676	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1677	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1678	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1679
168020140606:
1681	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1682	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
1683	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1684	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
1685	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1686	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1687	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1688	"make installworld".
1689
1690	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1691	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1692	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1693	is run.
1694
1695	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1696	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1697	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1698	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1699	be removed during a clean upgrade.
1700
170120140512:
1702	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1703
170420140508:
1705	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1706	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1707	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
1708
170920140505:
1710	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1711	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1712	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1713	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1714	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1715	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1716	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1717	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1718	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1719	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1720	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1721	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1722
1723	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1724	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1725	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1726	as well.
1727
172820140430:
1729	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1730	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1731
173220140424:
1733	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1734	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1735	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1736	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1737	build hosts for older releases.
1738
1739	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1740	r276991, respectively.
1741
174220140418:
1743	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1744	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1745	will silently lack HESIOD.
1746
174720140405:
1748	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1749	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1750	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1751	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1752	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1753	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1754	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1755	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1756	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1757	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1758	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1759	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
1760
176120140306:
1762	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1763	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1764	with command line option -W.
1765
176620140226:
1767	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1768	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1769	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1770	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1771	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1772
177320140216:
1774	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1775
177620140216:
1777	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
1778	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1779
178020140212:
1781	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1782	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1783	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
1784	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1785	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1786
178720140204:
1788	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1789	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
1790	kernel is still highly recommended.
1791
179220140131:
1793	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1794	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
1795	capability mode support in kernel.
1796
179720140128:
1798	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1799	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1800	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1801	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1802	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1803
180420140110:
1805	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1806	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1807	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1808	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1809	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1810	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1811
181220131213:
1813	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1814	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1815	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1816	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1817	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1818	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1819	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1820	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1821	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1822
182320131108:
1824	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1825	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
1826	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1827	should change your settings to use the latter.
1828
182920131025:
1830	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1831	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
1832	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
1833	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
1834	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1835
183620131014:
1837	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1838	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1839	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1840	delete-old-libs":
1841	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1842	  or
1843	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1844
184520131010:
1846	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1847	revision r256279.
1848
1849COMMON ITEMS:
1850
1851	General Notes
1852	-------------
1853	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  While generally safe, there are
1854	sometimes problems using -j to upgrade.  If your upgrade fails with
1855	-j, please try again without -j.  From time to time in the past there
1856	have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld.  This
1857	is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1858	that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1859	several months have passed on the -current branch).
1860
1861	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1862	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1863	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1864	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1865	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1866
1867	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1868	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1869	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1870	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1871	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1872	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1873	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1874	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1875	an exception.
1876
1877	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1878	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1879	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1880	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1881
1882	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1883	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1884	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1885	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1886	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1887	should write them with this in mind.
1888
1889	ZFS notes
1890	---------
1891	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1892	these two steps:
1893
1894	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1895	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1896
1897	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1898
1899	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1900	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1901	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1902
1903	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1904
1905	To build a kernel
1906	-----------------
1907	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1908	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1909	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1910
1911	make kernel-toolchain
1912	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1913	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1914
1915	To test a kernel once
1916	---------------------
1917	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1918	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1919	debugging information) run
1920	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1921	nextboot -k testkernel
1922
1923	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1924	-----------------------------------------------------------
1925	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1926	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1927
1928	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1929	make buildworld
1930	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1931	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1932							[1]
1933	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1934	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1935	make installworld
1936	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1937	make delete-old					[6]
1938	<reboot>
1939
1940	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1941	--------------------------------------------------
1942	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1943	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1944	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1945	# size.
1946
1947	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1948	<boot into -stable>
1949	make buildworld
1950	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1951	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1952	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1953	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1954	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1955	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1956	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1957	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1958	<reboot into current>
1959	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1960	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1961	<reboot>
1962
1963
1964	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1965	----------------------------------------------
1966	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1967	make buildworld					[9]
1968	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
1969	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1970							[1]
1971	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1972	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1973	make installworld
1974	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1975	make delete-old					[6]
1976	<reboot>
1977
1978	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1979	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1980	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1981	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1982	the UPDATING entries.
1983
1984	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1985	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
1986	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1987	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1988	much fewer pitfalls.
1989
1990	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1991	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1992	system on reboot.
1993
1994	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1995		fsck -p
1996		mount -u /
1997		mount -a
1998		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
1999		cd src			# full path to source
2000		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2001	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2002	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2003
2004	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2005	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2006	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2007	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2008	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2009	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
2010	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2011
2012	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2013	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2014	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
2015	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2016	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2017	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2018
2019	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2020	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2021	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2022
2023	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2024	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2025	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2026	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2027	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2028	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2029	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2030	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2031
2032	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2033	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2034	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2035	for these as well.
2036
2037	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2038	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2039	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2040
2041	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2042	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2043	warn if it is improperly defined.
2044FORMAT:
2045
2046This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2047breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2048list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2049If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2050to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2051
2052Copyright information:
2053
2054Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh.
2055
2056Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2057modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2058document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2059
2060THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2061IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2062WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2063DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2064INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2065(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2066SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2067HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2068STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2069IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2070POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2071
2072Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2073this document.
2074
2075$FreeBSD$
2076