xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision bf84861460f9287fe9cf66b2cd22fefe8e242a28)
1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 16.x IS SLOW:
16	FreeBSD 16.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
20	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
21	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
22	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
26	debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27	world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28	at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
29
3020251015:
31	The "FreeBSD-unbound" package is renamed to "FreeBSD-local-unbound".
32	If you have set-optional or set-base installed, the new package will
33	be installed automatically, otherwise you should manually install the
34	new package and remove the old one.
35
36	This change only affects pkgbase users.
37
3820251012:
39	Blacklist has been renamed upstream to Blocklist.  If you have it
40	configured, rename all configuration files, firewall anchors or
41	sentinel files to reflect the new nomenclature.  Old setups will
42	continue to work emitting a warning.
43
4420251002:
45	Audio-related utilities including mixer(8) and virtual_oss(8) have
46	moved to the new FreeBSD-sound package.  If you have set-optional or
47	set-base installed this package will be installed automatically,
48	otherwise you should install it manually if you need these utilities.
49
5020250929:
51	Both drm-kmod and nividia-drm ports had to be updated to either no
52	longer conflict on LinuxKPI vs. native PCI changes and/or to keep
53	working after some LinuxKPI PCI adjustments which were previously
54	hidden behind native PCI.
55	Bump __FreeBSD_version 1600001 so users will pick up updated packages.
56
5720250929:
58	The deprecated ftpd(8) has been removed.  Users who still need ftpd
59	can install the ftp/freebsd-ftpd port.  pkgbase users should remove
60	the orphaned FreeBSD-ftpd package.
61
6220250923:
63	Several changes which affect pkgbase users (only):
64
65	powerd has been moved to a new FreeBSD-powerd package.  If you have
66	FreeBSD-set-minimal installed, the new package will be installed
67	automatically, otherwise you may want to install it by hand.
68
69	libpmc and related utilities (/usr/sbin/pmc*) have moved to the new
70	FreeBSD-pmc package.  If you use these, you may want to install the
71	package.
72
73	The libbz2 package has been renamed to bzip2, and /usr/bin/bzip2 has
74	been moved to the new package.  If you have set-minimal installed,
75	the new package will be added automatically, otherwise you may want
76	to manually install it.
77
78	This only affects pkgbase users.
79
8020250918:
81	mandoc (including /usr/bin/man) has been moved to a new package,
82	FreeBSD-mandoc.  If you have the minimal set installed, this package
83	will be installed automatically, otherwise you may want to install it.
84
85	Kyua has been moved to the FreeBSD-kyua package, and ATF has been moved
86	to the FreeBSD-atf* packages.  If you have FreeBSD-tests installed,
87	these packages will be installed automatically, otherwise you should
88	manually install them if you need these tools.
89
90	This only affects pkgbase users.
91
9220250912:
93	If SRCCONF is unset and a file named src.conf is present at
94	the top of the source tree, it will now be used instead of
95	/etc/src.conf.
96
9720250907:
98	The MANSPLITPKG knob has been turned off by default, so pkgbase builds
99	will no longer generate "-man" subpackages; instead the manpages will
100	be shipped in the packages they belong to.  If you want to continue
101	building split man packages, set WITH_MANSPLITPKG=1.
102
10320250905:
104	FreeBSD 16.0-CURRENT.
105
10620250903:
107	The BLOAT_KERNEL_WITH_EXTERR kernel config option has been renamed to
108	EXTERR_STRINGS.
109
11020250827:
111	The names of pkg repositories defined in /etc/pkg/FreeBSD.conf have
112	changed: "FreeBSD" is now "FreeBSD-ports", and "FreeBSD-kmods" is now
113	"FreeBSD-ports-kmods".  Users with /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos files
114	which override these will need to adjust their configuration to match
115	the new names.
116
11720250823:
118	The set of pkgbase packages for Kerberos and OpenSSL has changed.
119	After updating past 250e77d4f0a5, you should check 'pkg orphans'
120	and remove any orphaned packages, then examine the output of
121	'pkg install -r base -g FreeBSD-openssl\* FreeBSD-kerberos\*'
122	and install any new packages you need.
123
12420250823:
125	To restore bridge(4)'s ABI compatibility with ifconfig from 14.x or
126	earlier, the size of struct ifbreq has changed, so you must update
127	the kernel and /sbin/ifconfig at the same time or you will not be
128	able to add interfaces to bridge.  This is particularly important
129	if you require bridge for network access during boot, in which case
130	you should install the new kernel and the new /sbin/ifconfig prior
131	to rebooting.
132
13320250820:
134	The WITHOUT_GSSAPI src.conf knob has been removed.  This was already
135	a no-op for MIT Kerberos, so this only affects builds which set
136	WITHOUT_MITKRB5=1, in which case you now always get libgssapi.
137
138	Also, Heimdal's compile_et and libcom_err are now controlled by
139	WITHOUT_KERBEROS, not WITHOUT_KERBEROS_SUPPORT.  This matches
140	the behaviour of the MIT Kerberos versions.
141
14220250820:
143	Commits 08c7dd2fbe4f and a4197ea47777 have changed the ABI between
144	libvmmapi and the vmm device. If using a custom kernel configuration,
145	please ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD14 option is included so older
146	versions of libvmmapi continue working as expected.
147
14820250819:
149	The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-on to default-off.
150	This reverts the 20250808 change below, which had reverted the 20240729
151	change before it.  Note that some src.conf(5) options are known to break
152	ABI or compatibility in ways that may require a clean build initially
153	when switched.
154
15520250816:
156	Sendmail's libmilter has been moved to its own package.  If you want
157	to compile applications that use libmilter, you should install the
158	FreeBSD-libmilter* packages.
159
160	If you only have FreeBSD-sendmail installed for applications that
161	require libmilter, you can now remove it.
162
16320250815:
164	The [gs]etgroups(2)syscalls have changed. To maintain backwards
165	compatibility with existing programs, you need COMPAT_FREEBSD14 in
166	your kernel config until all applications which use this are
167	rebuild/reinstalled.
168
16920250815:
170	jemalloc 5.3.0 has been committed to the tree.
171
17220250815:
173	The removal of Secure RPC DES authentication noted in 20250810
174	has been reverted.  (However, it is still non-functional.)
175
17620250813:
177	Commit cce64f2e6851 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
178	modules.  As such, all of them need to be rebuilt from sources.
179	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1500060 already today,
180	 so I will not bump it again for this.
181
18220250813:
183	The gpiobus_attach_bus() function has been removed. Drivers should now
184	use the gpiobus_add_bus() function instead. The difference being that
185	gpiobus_add_bus() doesn't call bus_attach_children(), calling it will
186	be the responsibility of the caller now.
187
18820250810:
189	Support for Secure RPC DES authentication has been removed.
190	The keyserv(8) daemon was already removed, but support for it in libc
191	has also been removed, so if you somehow still had keyserv installed,
192	it will now stop working.  There is no workaround for this.  Removing
193	DES is considered a feature.
194
19520250808:
196	The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-off to
197	default-on.  This reverts the 20240729 change below.
198
19920250807:
200	routed(8) and route6d(8) have moved to the FreeBSD-rip package.
201	If you use either of these, you should install the new package.
202
20320250806:
204	if_epair(4) now uses ether_gen_addr(9) to generate a stable MAC
205	address.
206	To keep using the random address, set the loader tunable
207	net.link.epair.ether_gen_addr=0.
208
20920250804:
210	bsdconfig (including sysrc(8)) has moved to the new bsdconfig
211	package.  If you use pkgbase and wish to use bsdconfig, you should
212	install FreeBSD-bsdconfig.
213
21420250730:
215	The usbhid(4) USB HID driver is now enabled by default, and will be
216	used in preference to other USB HID drivers like ukbd(4), ums(4), and
217	uhid(4).  Work on a FIDO/U2F driver and moused(8) is in progress.
218	The default is being switched now so that we can find and fix any
219	additional issues prior to FreeBSD 15.0.
220
221	To revert to the previous USB HID driver behavior, set the loader
222	tunable hw.usb.usbhid.enable=0.
223
22420250727:
225	bmake (i.e., /usr/bin/make and /usr/share/mk) has moved to a new
226	package, FreeBSD-bmake.  If you use pkgbase and you need make, you
227	should install this package.
228
22920250726:
230	amd64 kernel configurations must contain "options SMP".
231
23220250725:
233	gssd(8) has been moved to a new package, FreeBSD-gssd.  If you use
234	pkgbase and you need gssd, you should install this package.
235
23620250724:
237	The Kerberos packages which are built when WITH_MITKRB5 is enabled
238	have been renamed from FreeBSD-krb5* to FreeBSD-kerberos*.  This
239	affects pkgbase users who manually enabled WITH_MITKRB5, *or* use
240	the default value of WITH_MITKRB5 and updated past c7da9fb90b0b
241	(20250721) which made WITH_MITKRB5 the default.
242
243	In either case, if you have FreeBSD-krb5* packages installed, you
244	should remove them and (re)install the equivalent FreeBSD-kerberos*
245	packages instead.
246
24720250721:
248	WITH_MITKRB5 is now enabled by default. MIT KRB5 has replaced
249	Heimdal in base. Ports that use USES=gssapi must be rebuilt.
250	A clean buildworld is required.
251
25220250719:
253	Commits 392a82b225 and c00baac0ab both changed the
254	internal API between the NFS modules.  As such, all
255	these modules need to be rebuilt from sources.
256	__FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1500053 for this.
257
25820250710:
259	The shar(1) utility has been removed from base.  The
260	sysutils/freebsd-shar port was created to maintain this version of
261	shar(1) past its removal from base.
262
26320250704:
264	LinuxKPI device.h and acpi changes effecting drivers and drm-kmod.
265	Bump __FreeBSD_version 1500050 to be able to detect these changes.
266
26720250630:
268	Commits 171f66b0c2ca and 8e2a90ac8089 changed the internal
269	api between nfscommon.ko and the other nfs modules.
270	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500049 for this.
271	All NFS related modules must be rebuilt from up-to-date
272	sources.
273
27420250625:
275	"make delete-old" will now remove the Forth bootloader entirely
276	if the system is built with WITHOUT_FORTH.
277
27820250614:
279	MIT KRB5 (MIT Kerberos5) has been imported into 15-CURRENT. To
280	and install MIT KRB5, add WITH_MITKRB5=yes to /etc/src.conf. This
281	will build and install MIT KRB5 1.21.3. And it will remove Heimdal
282	1.5.2 when delete-old and delete-old-libs are run. To revert back
283	simply buildworld/installworld again with delete-old-libs and
284	delete-old.
285
286	At the moment we only know of a couple of ports that might be
287	affected. Adjusting libmap.conf does not circumvent runtime issues.
288	The few affected ports must be rebuilt. A successful exp-run will be
289	run before MIT KRB5 becomes default.
290
291	Those using the KDC in FreeBSD base may wish to wait. The Heimdal
292	HDB is incompatible with the MIT KRB5 KDC. The migration procedure
293	is a little involved.
294
29520250603:
296	LinuxKPI dma-mapping.h were pulled into the tree from drm-kmod.
297	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1500045 to be able to detect this change.
298
29920250527:
300	pf changed extension header handling. It now treats AH headers on IPv4 just
301	like AH headers on IPv6 and skips over them, allowing filtering on the inner
302	protocol.
303
30420250527:
305	pf now blocks IPv6 packets with a hop-by-hop or destination options header by
306	default. Such packets can be passed by adding "allow-opts" to the rule. IPv6
307	options are now handled just like their IPv4 counterparts.
308
30920250527:
310	The CAM target layer userland, i.e. ctld(8), ctladm(8) and ctlstat(8),
311	has moved to the new FreeBSD-ctl package.  If you use pkgbase and you
312	need the CAM Target Layer, you should install the new package.
313
314	Development-related tools (e.g. ar and nm) have moved to the new
315	"FreeBSD-toolchain" package, which subsumes and obsoletes the
316	existing "FreeBSD-elftoolchain" package.  If you use pkgbase and
317	need to compile software, you should install the new package and
318	ensure the old FreeBSD-elftoolchain* packages are completely removed.
319
32020250521:
321	Commit e64fe5ad3a23 removed in6_maxmtu and its setter in6_setmaxmtu().
322	in6_maxmtu is used to store the max IPv6 MTU of all interfaces,
323	however it does not have any in-tree consumers since the introduction
324	from the KAME project. The removal should have little impact, and the
325	max IPv6 MTU can be easily retrieved by iterating over all the attached
326	interface if 3rd party modules need it.
327
32820250515:
329	Commit 772258c89f28 changed the internal API between the nfscommon
330	and nfscl modules.  Both need to be built from updated sources.
331
33220250513:
333	The bridge(4) sysctl net.link.bridge.member_ifaddrs now defaults to 0,
334	meaning that interfaces added to a bridge may not have IP addresses
335	assigned.  Refer to bridge(4) for more information.
336
33720250507:
338	UMASS quirks and auto-quirk probing has been overhauled. CAM now won't
339	send SYNCHRONIZE CACHE unless MODE PAGE 8 is present and valid. This
340	should allow more devices to work (since the auto quirk code was updated
341	in 14 and broke several e-readers and the like). Please send imp@freebsd.org
342	any regression reports.
343
34420250504:
345	Commit 9419e086e1a3 changed the internal API between the nfscommon
346	and nfscl modules.  Both need to be built from updated sources.
347
34820250412:
349	LinuxKPI alloc routines were changed to return physically contiguous
350	memory where expected. These changes may require out-of-tree drivers
351	to be recompiled.
352	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500037 to be able to detect this change.
353
35420250409:
355	Intel iwlwifi firmware has been removed from the src repository.
356	Before updating their system, users of iwlwifi(4) or iwx(4) must
357	install the appropriate firmware for their chipset using fwget(8) or
358	building it from ports.
359
36020250314:
361	We now use LLVM's binary utilities (nm, objcopy, etc.) by default.
362	The WITHOUT_LLVM_BINUTILS src.conf(5) knob can be used to revert to
363	ELF Tool Chain tools if desired.
364
36520250303:
366	Commit 4a77657cbc01 changed the ABI between ipfw(8) and ipfw(4).
367	Please note that the old ipfw(8) binary will not work with the new
368	ipfw(4) module. Therefore, it is recommended to disable ipfw during
369	the upgrade, otherwise the host system may become inaccessible because
370	ipfw rules cannot be installed with the old binary.
371
37220250214:
373	Commit 4517fbfd4251 modified the internal API between the
374	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both of these modules
375	need to be rebuilt from sources.
376
37720250201:
378	The NFS related daemons, that provide RPC services to the kernel:
379	gssd(8), rpcbind(8), rpc.tlsservd(8) and rpc.tlsclntd(8), now use a
380	different transport - netlink(4) socket instead of unix(4).  Users of
381	NFS need to upgrade both kernel and world (binaries and libc) at once.
382	Also, any revision between 88cd1e17a7d8 and 99e5a70046da should be
383	avoided.
384
38520250129:
386	Defer the January 19, 2038 date limit in UFS1 filesystems to
387	February 7, 2106. This affects only UFS1 format filesystems.
388	See commit message 1111a44301da for details.
389
39020250127:
391	The Allwinner a10_timer driver has been renamed to aw_driver. If you
392	have a custom kernel configuration including the line 'device
393	a10_timer', it must be adjusted to 'device aw_timer'. The same applies
394	for device exclusions with 'nodevice'.
395
39620250106:
397	A new SOC_ROCKCHIP options appeared, so if you have a custom kernel configuration
398	targeting Rockchip SoC you need to add it so shared and mandatory drivers for
399	this SoC family will be selected.
400	Also a new rk8xx device was added, this select the base driver for Rockchip PMIC.
401
40220241223:
403	The layout of NFS file handles for the tarfs, tmpfs, cd9660, and ext2fs
404	file systems has changed.  An NFS server that exports any of these file
405	systems will need its clients to unmount and remount the exports.
406
40720241216:
408	The iwm(4) firmwares are no longer compiled as kernel modules but instead
409	shipped as raw files. For pkgbase users if you use iwm(4) you will need
410	to install the FreeBSD-firmware-iwm package.
411
41220241124:
413	The OpenBSD derived bc and dc implementations and the WITHOUT_GH_BC
414	option that allowed building them instead of the advanced version
415	imported more than 4 years ago have been removed.
416
41720241107:
418	The ng_ubt(4) driver now requires firmwares to be loaded on Realtek
419	adaptors with rtlbtfw(8) utility. It no longer attaches to devices
420	standing in bootloader mode. Firmware files are available in the
421	comms/rtlbt-firmware port.
422
42320241025:
424	The support for the rc_fast_and_loose variable has been removed from
425	rc.subr(8). Users setting rc_fast_and_loose on their systems are
426	advised to make sure their customizations to rc service scripts
427	do not depend on having a single shell environment shared across
428	all the rc service scripts during booting and shutdown.
429
43020241013:
431	The ciss driver was updated to cope better with hotplug events that
432	caused it to panic before, and to support more than 48 drives attached
433	to the card. These changes were made w/o benefit of hardware for testing
434	and ciss(4) users should be on the lookout for regressions.
435
43620240729:
437	The build now defaults to WITHOUT_CLEAN - i.e., no automatic clean
438	is performed at the beginning of buildworld or buildkernel.  The
439	WITH_CLEAN src.conf(5) knob can be used to restore the previous
440	behaviour.
441
442	If you encounter incremental build issues, please report them to the
443	freebsd-current mailing list so that a special-case dependency can be
444	added, if necessary.
445
44620240715:
447	We now lean more heavily on ACPI enumeration for some traditional
448	devices. uart has moved from isa to acpi so the hints act as wiring
449	instead of device enumeration. Hints for parallel port, floppy, etc
450	have been removed.  Before upgrading, grep your dmesg for lines like:
451		uart1: non-PNP ISA device will be removed from GENERIC in FreeBSD 15.
452	to see if you need to start including hints for the device on isa
453	in your loader.conf or device.hints file. APU1 (but not APU2) boards
454	are known to be affected, but there may be others.
455
45620240712:
457	Support for armv6 has been disconnected and is being removed.
458
45920240617:
460	ifconfig now treats IPv4 addresses without a width or mask as an error.
461	Specify the desired mask or width along with the IP address on the
462	ifconfig command line and in rc.conf.
463
46420240428:
465	OpenBSM auditing runtime (auditd, etc.) has been moved into the new
466	package FreeBSD-audit.  If you use OpenBSM auditing and pkgbase, you
467	should install FreeBSD-audit.
468
46920240424:
470	cron, lpr, and ntpd have been moved from FreeBSD-utilities into their
471	own packages.  If you use pkgbase, you should install the relevant
472	packages: FreeBSD-cron, FreeBSD-lp, or FreeBSD-ntp.
473
47420240406:
475	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
476	been upgraded to 18.1.6. It is important that you run `make delete-old`
477	as described in the COMMON ITEMS section, otherwise several libc++
478	headers that are obsolete and need to be removed can cause compilation
479	errors in C++ programs.
480
48120240205:
482	For dynamically linked programs, system calls are now made from
483	libsys rather than libc.  No change in linkage is required as
484	libsys is an auxiliary filter for libc.  People building custom
485	images must ensure that libsys.so.7 is included.
486
48720240202:
488	Loader now also read configuration files listed in local_loader_conf_files.
489	Files listed here are the last ones read. And /boot/loader.conf.local was
490	moved from loader_conf_files to local_loader_conf_files leaving only
491	loader.conf and device.hints in loader_conf_files by default.
492
493	The following sequencing is applied:
494
495	1. Bootstrap:
496	    /boot/defaults/loader.conf
497
498	2. Read loader_conf_files files:
499	    /boot/device.hints
500	    /boot/loader.conf
501
502	3. Read loader_conf_dirs files:
503	    /boot/loader.conf.d/*.conf
504
505	4. And finally, rread local_loader_conf_files files:
506	    /boot/loader.conf.local
507
50820240201:
509	sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged.  This version enforces
510	stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line
511	endings.  This may cause issues with receiving messages from
512	non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in
513	contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations.
514
51520240111:
516	Commit cc760de2183f changed the internal interface between
517	the nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both need to be
518	rebuilt from sources.  Therefore, __FreeBSD_version was
519	bumped to 1500010.
520
52120231120:
522	If you have an arm64 system that uses ACPI, you will need to update your
523	loader.efi in the ESP when you update past this point.  Detection of ACPI
524	was moved earlier in the binary so the scripts could use it, but old
525	binaries don't have this, so we default to 'no ACPI' in this case. You can
526	undisable ACPI by doing
527		OK unset hint.acpi.0.disabled
528	This can also be used to recover any other system that was updated in the
529	small window where amd64 was also broken.
530
53120231113:
532	The WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD option has been removed.  When LLD is enabled
533	it is always installed as /usr/bin/ld.
534
53520231027:
536	Forward compatibility (running the new code on old kernels) for the
537	"ino64" project have been removed. The need for it has passed long ago.
538
53920231018:
540	Commit 57ce37f9dcd0 changed the internal KAPI between the
541	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  Both must be rebuilt from sources.
542
54320231010:
544	dialog(1) has been replaced in base by bsddialog(1), while most of the
545	time replacing a dialog(1) call by a bsddialog(1) call works out of the
546	box, bsddialog(1) is not considered as a drop-in replacement for
547	dialog(1).
548
549	If you do depend on dialog(1) functionality, please install cdialog
550	from ports:
551
552	pkg install cdialog
553
55420230927:
555	The EARLY_AP_STARTUP kernel option is mandatory on x86.  The option
556	has been added to DEFAULTS, so it should automatically be included in
557	custom kernel configurations without any additional change.
558
55920230922:
560	A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default
561	behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required
562	recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP.
563
56420230914:
565	Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by
566	default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf.
567
56820230911:
569	Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang
570	internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems
571	installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow
572	for these file moves:
573
574		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities
575		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev
576		pkg upgrade -y
577
57820230909:
579	Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which
580	belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module
581	loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are
582	corresponding kernel environment variables.
583
58420230901:
585	The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have
586	been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively.
587
58820230824:
589	FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT.
590
59120230817:
592	Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has
593	been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry
594	practice and typical firmware serial console redirection
595	configuration.
596
597	Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not
598	support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may
599	set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot
600	components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start
601	with the serial port at 115200.
602
60320230807:
604	Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus-
605	frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is
606	integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's
607	no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or
608	"device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration.
609
61020230803:
611	MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config.
612	Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt.
613
61420230724:
615	CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
616	to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
617	BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
618	for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
619	the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
620
62120230713:
622	stable/14 branch created.
623
62420230629:
625	The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
626	atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
627	change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
628	file a PR and assign it to imp.
629
63020230623:
631	OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
632	the base system.  It is important to rebuild third-party software
633	after upgrading.
634
63520230619:
636	To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
637	filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
638	locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
639	delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
640
641		sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
642		service pf restart
643
644	When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
645	filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
646
64720230613:
648	Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
649	follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
650	authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
651	quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
652	already properly quoted or escaped.
653
65420230612:
655	Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
656	nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
657	nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
658	in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
659	config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
660	kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf.  The default has been nda on
661	all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
662	please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
663
664	Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
665	migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
666
66720230422:
668	Remove portsnap(8).  Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
669	using git instead.
670
67120230420:
672	Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
673	eg.
674		make buildworld-jobs
675	runs
676		make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
677
678	where JOB_MAX is derived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
679
68020230316:
681	Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
682	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
683	IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
684	"device imx6_ipu" to it.
685	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
686	TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
687	If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
688	exist anymore.
689
69020230221:
691	Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
692	for details.
693
69420230206:
695	sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
696	Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
697	`X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
698
69920230204:
700	Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
701	to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
702
70320230130:
704	As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
705	to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
706	to compile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
707
70820230126:
709	The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
710	system are now built unconditionally.
711
71220230113:
713	LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
714	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
715
71620221212:
717	llvm-objdump is now always installed as objdump.  Previously there was
718	no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
719
720	Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
721	GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
722	objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
723
72420221205:
725	dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta.  For people willing
726	to re-enable sendmail(8):
727
728	$ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
729
730	and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
731
73220221204:
733	hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
734	default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
735	the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
736	the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
737	needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
738	the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
739
740	NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
741
74220221122:
743	pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
744	These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
745	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
746
74720221121:
748	The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed.  When Clang is enabled
749	it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
750
75120221026:
752	Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
753	for pkgbase users to do:
754
755	pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
756	  FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
757
758	after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
759	installed.
760
76120221002:
762	OPIE has been removed from the base system.  If needed, it can
763	be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie).
764	Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference
765	pam_opie or pam_opieaccess.
766
76720220610:
768	LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
769	before re-compiling to avoid errors.
770
77120211230:
772	The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
773	have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
774	Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
775	be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
776	reflect this change.
777
77820211214:
779	A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
780	themselves.  A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
781
78220211209:
783	Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
784	mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
785	the coming days and weeks.
786
787	This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
788	or touch
789		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
790		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
791		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
792		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
793	before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
794
79520211202:
796	Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
797	by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
798	statement in unbound.conf:
799		local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
800
801	Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
802
803	The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
804	Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
805	using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
806	to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
807	belongs.  Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
808	such names when roaming to different homenets.
809
81020211110:
811	Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
812	that any of the included congestion control modules could be
813	the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
814	was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
815	this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
816	control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
817	default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
818	The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
819	as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
820	kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
821	fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
822
82320211118:
824	Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
825	tree shortly.
826
82720211106:
828	Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
829	The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
830	of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
831	may need to be modified.
832
83320211022:
834	The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
835	The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
836	support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
837
83820211020:
839	sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user.  To force root to use
840	the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
841
842	# chsh -s csh
843
84420211004:
845	Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
846	with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
847	to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
848	this change.
849
85020210923:
851	As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
852	ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
853	users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
854	list of modules to load on their systems.
855
85620210922:
857	As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
858	new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
859	information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
860	audio/freebsd-13-mixer
861
86220210911:
863	As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
864	been deleted from the nfscommon.ko.  As such, nfsd.ko must be built
865	from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
866	being loaded.
867
86820210817:
869	As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
870	by default.  Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
871	option.  This can be enabled globally by using a custom
872	OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
873	application-specific configuration option for applications
874	which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
875
87620210811:
877	Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
878	modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
879
88020210730:
881	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
882	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
883	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
884	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
885
88620210729:
887	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
888	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
889	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
890
89120210716:
892	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
893	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
894	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
895
89620210715:
897	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
898	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
899	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
900	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
901	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
902	to update your sources past the above hash and do
903		% cd usr.bin/awk
904		% make clean all
905		% sudo -E make install
906	to enable building kernels again.
907
90820210708:
909	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
910	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
911	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
912
91320210707:
914	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
915	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
916
91720210624:
918	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
919	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
920	for NFSv4 mounts.
921	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
922
92320210618:
924	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
925	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
926	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
927	additions and others.
928
92920210618:
930	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
931	renamed to "untrusted".
932
93320210611:
934	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
935	please install the svn package or port.
936
93720210611:
938	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
939	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
940	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
941
94220210610:
943	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
944
94520210608:
946	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
947	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
948https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
949	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
950	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
951	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
952	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
953
95420210525:
955	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
956	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
957	committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
958	detect this.
959
96020210513:
961	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
962	libraries and utilities are packaged.
963	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
964	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
965	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
966	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
967	on the system.
968
96920210426:
970	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
971	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
972	need to be rebuilt from sources.
973	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
974	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
975	is not recommended.
976
97720210411:
978	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
979	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
980	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
981	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
982	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
983	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
984
98520210330:
986	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
987	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
988	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
989	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
990
99120210225:
992	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
993	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
994	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
995
99620210128:
997	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
998	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
999	update.
1000
100120210121:
1002	stable/13 branch created.
1003
100420210108:
1005	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
1006	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
1007	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
1008	since it was bumped so recently.
1009
101020210107:
1011	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
1012	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
1013	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
1014	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
1015
101620210105:
1017	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
1018	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
1019	requires a clean build.
1020
102120201223:
1022	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
1023	instructions can be found at
1024	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
1025	and other documents in that repo.
1026
102720201216:
1028	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
1029	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
1030	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
1031	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
1032
103320201215:
1034	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
1035	may be installed from ports or packages.
1036
103720201124:
1038	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
1039	See ping(8) for details.
1040
104120201108:
1042	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
1043	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
1044	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
1045
104620201030:
1047	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
1048	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
1049	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
1050	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
1051	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
1052
105320201026:
1054	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
1055	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
1056	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
1057	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
1058	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
1059	find.
1060
106120200923:
1062	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
1063	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
1064	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
1065	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
1066
1067	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
1068	command you want to un-auger the tree is
1069		cd sys/amd64/conf
1070		svn revert -R .
1071	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
1072	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
1073
107420200824:
1075	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
1076	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
1077	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
1078	unless you  want to use new features.
1079
1080	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
1081	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
1082	rebuilding world may fail.
1083
1084	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
1085	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
1086
1087	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
1088	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
1089	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
1090	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
1091
109220200824:
1093	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
1094	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
1095	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
1096	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
1097
109820200821:
1099	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
1100	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
1101	sources.
1102
110320200817:
1104	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
1105	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
1106
110720200816:
1108	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1109	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1110	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1111	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1112
111320200810:
1114	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
1115	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
1116	from sources, so a version bump was done.
1117
111820200807:
1119	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
1120	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
1121	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
1122	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
1123
112420200729:
1125	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
1126	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
1127	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
1128	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
1129	continue to function.
1130
1131	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
1132	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
1133	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
1134	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
1135
113620200627:
1137	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
1138	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
1139	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
1140	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
1141	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
1142	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
1143	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
1144
114520200625:
1146	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
1147	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
1148
114920200613:
1150	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
1151	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
1152	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
1153
115420200604:
1155	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
1156	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
1157	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
1158	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
1159
1160	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
1161	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
1162	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
1163	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
1164	/root/.shrc.
1165
116620200523:
1167	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1168	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1169	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1170	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1171
117220200512:
1173	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
1174	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
1175
117620200424:
1177	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
1178	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
1179	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
1180	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
1181	be functional without closefrom(2).
1182
118320200414:
1184	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
1185	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
1186	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
1187	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
1188	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
1189	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
1190
119120200310:
1192	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1193	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1194	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1195	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1196
119720200309:
1198	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
1199	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
1200	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
1201
120220200301:
1203	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
1204
120520200229:
1206	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
1207	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
1208	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
1209
121020200229:
1211	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
1212	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
1213
121420200229:
1215	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
1216	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
1217	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
1218	ports or packages.
1219
122020200220:
1221	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
1222	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
1223	ncurses.
1224
122520200217:
1226	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
1227	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
1228	together with their new kernel.
1229
123020200212:
1231	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
1232	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
1233	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
1234
1235	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
1236	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
1237
123820200108:
1239	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
1240	linker for riscv64.
1241
124220200107:
1243	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
1244	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
1245	external toolchain package.
1246
124720200104:
1248	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
1249	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
1250	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
1251	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
1252	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
1253
125420200102:
1255	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
1256	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
1257	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
1258	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
1259
126020191226:
1261	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
1262	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
1263	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
1264	ABI.
1265
126620191226:
1267	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
1268
126920191222:
1270	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1271	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1272	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1273	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1274
127520191212:
1276	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
1277	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
1278	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
1279
128020191205:
1281	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
1282	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
1283	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
1284	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
1285	differences between those included in the port and those included in
1286	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
1287	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
1288	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
1289
129020191120:
1291	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
1292	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
1293	for automounting.
1294
129520191107:
1296	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
1297	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
1298	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
1299	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
1300	add superio to the set.
1301
130220191021:
1303	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
1304	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
1305
130620191021:
1307	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
1308	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
1309	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
1310	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
1311	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
1312	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
1313	completely in the future.
1314
131520191009:
1316	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
1317	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
1318	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
1319	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
1320	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
1321	will be removed from the list.
1322
132320191009:
1324	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1325	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1326	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1327	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1328
132920191003:
1330	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
1331	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
1332	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
1333	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
1334
133520190913:
1336	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
1337	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
1338	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
1339	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
1340
134120190823:
1342	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
1343	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
1344	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
1345
134620190727:
1347	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
1348	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
1349	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
1350	your scripts, because they had no effect.
1351
1352	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
1353	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
1354	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
1355	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
1356	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
1357
135820190713:
1359	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
1360	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
1361	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
1362	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
1363	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
1364	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
1365	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
1366
136720190620:
1368	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
1369	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
1370	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
1371	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
1372
137320190612:
1374	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1375	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1376	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1377	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1378
137920190608:
1380	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
1381	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
1382	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
1383
138420190513:
1385	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
1386	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
1387	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
1388	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
1389	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
1390	avoid running into the limit.
1391
139220190507:
1393	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
1394	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
1395
139620190507:
1397	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
1398	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
1399	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
1400	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
1401	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
1402	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
1403
140420190418:
1405	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
1406	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
1407	entropy:
1408
1409	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
1410	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
1411	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
1412	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
1413	availability properties.
1414
1415	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1416	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
1417	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
1418	initial condition, if desired.
1419
1420	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1421	Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
1422
1423	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
1424	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
1425	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
1426	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
1427
142820190416:
1429	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
1430	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
1431	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
1432	therefore unblocked).
1433
143420190404:
1435	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
1436	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
1437	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
1438	is added to the command line.
1439	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
1440	not affected and should continue to work.
1441
144220190320:
1443	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
1444	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
1445	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
1446	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
1447
144820190304:
1449	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1450	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1451	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1452	or higher.
1453
145420190226:
1455	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
1456	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
1457	kernel config.
1458
145920190219:
1460	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
1461	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
1462	migrating to the drm ports.
1463
146420190131:
1465	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
1466	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
1467	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
1468	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
1469	is loaded automatically.
1470
147120190125:
1472	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
1473	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
1474	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
1475	kernel config files.
1476
147720181230:
1478	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
1479	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
1480	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
1481	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
1482
148320181220:
1484	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
1485	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
1486	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
1487	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
1488	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
1489	most NFSv4 mounts.
1490
149120181219:
1492	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
1493	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
1494	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
1495
1496	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
1497	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
1498
1499	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
1500	removed from the mips port.
1501
150220181211:
1503	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1504	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1505	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1506	or higher.
1507
150820181211:
1509	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
1510	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
1511
151220181126:
1513	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
1514	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
1515	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
1516	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
1517
151820181123:
1519	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
1520	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
1521	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
1522
152320181115:
1524	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
1525	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
1526	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
1527	FreeBSD versions.
1528
152920181110:
1530	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
1531	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
1532	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
1533
1534	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
1535	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
1536	being included using the command:
1537		$ newsyslog -Nrv
1538
153920181019:
1540	Stable/12 was branched created.
1541
154220181015:
1543	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
1544	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
1545	drm-legacy-kmod.
1546
1547	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
1548	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
1549	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
1550	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
1551	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
1552	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
1553	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
1554	that as you will get better support.
1555
1556	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
1557	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
1558	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
1559	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
1560
1561	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
1562	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
1563	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
1564	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
1565	shortly.
1566
156720181012:
1568	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
1569	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
1570	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
1571	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
1572	be adjusted as necessary.
1573
157420181009:
1575	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
1576	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
1577	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
1578	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
1579
158020181006:
1581	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
1582	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
1583	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
1584	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
1585	encouraged.
1586
158720181002:
1588	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
1589	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
1590	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
1591	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
1592	nda device name.
1593
159420180913:
1595	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
1596	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
1597	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
1598	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1599	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1600	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1601
160220180826:
1603	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1604	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1605	default since FreeBSD-11.
1606
160720180822:
1608	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1609	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
1610	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1611
161220180818:
1613	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1614	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1615	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1616	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1617	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
1618	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1619	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1620
1621	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1622	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1623
162420180815:
1625	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1626	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1627	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1628	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1629	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1630	may not be observed in a future release.
1631
163220180808:
1633	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
1634	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1635	your environment.
1636
163720180731:
1638	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1639	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1640	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1641	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1642
164320180730:
1644	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1645	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1646	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1647	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1648	runtime services.
1649
165020180727:
1651	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1652	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1653	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1654
165520180723:
1656	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1657	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1658	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1659	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1660	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1661
166220180720:
1663	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1664	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1665	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1666	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1667	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1668	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1669
167020180719:
1671	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1672	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1673	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1674	boot_serial=YES
1675	boot_multicons=YES
1676	in /boot/loader.conf
1677	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1678	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1679	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1680
168120180719:
1682	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
1683	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1684	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1685	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1686	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1687	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1688	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1689	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1690	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1691	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1692	by the ntpd user.
1693
169420180717:
1695	Big endian arm support has been removed.
1696
169720180711:
1698	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1699	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
1700	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1701	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1702	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1703
170420180705:
1705	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1706	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1707	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
1708	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
1709	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1710	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1711
171220180702:
1713	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1714	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1715
171620180701:
1717	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1718	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1719	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1720	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1721	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1722	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1723	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1724
172520180630:
1726	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1727	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1728	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1729	or higher.
1730
173120180628:
1732	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1733	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1734	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1735	file.
1736
173720180612:
1738	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1739	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1740
174120180530:
1742	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1743	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1744	longer necessary.
1745
174620180530:
1747	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1748	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1749	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1750	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1751
175220180523:
1753	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1754	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1755	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1756	later than r334108.
1757
175820180517:
1759	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
1760	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1761	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1762	it must be removed.
1763
176420180510:
1765	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1766	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1767	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1768	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1769	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1770	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1771	will go away.
1772
1773	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1774	workaround is necessary.
1775
177620180508:
1777	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1778	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
1779	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
1780	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1781
178220180504:
1783	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
1784	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1785	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1786	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1787	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1788
178920180502:
1790	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
1791	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1792	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
1793	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1794
179520180501:
1796	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
1797	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1798	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1799	be removed.
1800
180120180413:
1802	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
1803	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1804	removed.
1805
180620180411:
1807	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
1808	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1809	removed.
1810
181120180406:
1812	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1813	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1814	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1815	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1816	microseconds and time zone offsets.
1817
1818	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1819	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1820	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1821	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1822	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1823	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1824	adjustments, depending on the software used.
1825
1826	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1827	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1828
1829		source src {
1830			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1831		}
1832
1833	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1834	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1835	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1836
1837		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1838
1839	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1840	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1841	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1842	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1843	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1844	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1845	thus expected to continue to function as before.
1846
1847	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1848	change.
1849
185020180328:
1851	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1852	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1853	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1854
185520180323:
1856	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1857	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1858	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1859	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1860	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1861	should be as simple as:
1862
1863		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1864		$ make depend all install
1865
186620180212:
1867	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1868	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1869	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1870	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1871	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1872	provisions for backup boot methods.
1873
187420180211:
1875	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1876	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1877	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1878	imp@freebsd.org.
1879
188020180114:
1881	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1882	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1883	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1884	or higher.
1885
188620180110:
1887	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1888	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1889	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1890
1891	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1892	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1893
189420180110:
1895	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1896	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1897	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1898	remove it from kernel config files.
1899
190020180104:
1901	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1902	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1903	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1904
1905	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1906	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1907
190820180102:
1909	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1910	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1911	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1912	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1913
191420171215:
1915	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1916	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1917
191820171214:
1919	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1920	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1921	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1922	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1923
192420171125:
1925	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1926	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1927	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1928	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1929	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1930	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1931
193220171110:
1933	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1934	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1935	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1936
193720171106:
1938	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1939	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
1940	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
1941	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1942	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1943
194420171102:
1945	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1946	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1947	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1948	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1949	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1950	environment.
1951
195220171101:
1953	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1954	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1955	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
1956	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1957	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1958	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1959	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1960	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1961	than hardcoding paths.
1962
196320171028:
1964	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1965	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1966	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1967
196820171021:
1969	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1970	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1971	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1972	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1973
197420171010:
1975	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1976	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1977
197820171005:
1979	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1980	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1981	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1982	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1983
198420171003:
1985	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1986	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1987	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1988	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1989	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1990
199120170912:
1992	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
1993	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1994	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
1995	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1996	/etc/ctl.conf .
1997
199820170912:
1999	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
2000	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
2001	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
2002	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
2003	soft-float everything else should be affected.
2004
200520170826:
2006	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
2007	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
2008
200920170825:
2010	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
2011	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
2012	to complete.
2013
201420170814:
2015	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
2016	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
2017	${TESTSDIR}.
2018
2019	Behavioral changes:
2020	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
2021	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
2022	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
2023	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
2024
2025	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
2026	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
2027	sandbox if successful.
2028
2029	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
2030	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
2031	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
2032	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
2033	an unprivileged user.
2034
203520170808:
2036	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
2037	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
2038	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
2039	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
2040	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
2041	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
2042	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
2043	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
2044	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
2045	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
2046	to which you should answer yes.
2047
204820170728:
2049	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
2050	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
2051	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
2052	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
2053	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
2054
205520170722:
2056	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
2057	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2058	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2059
206020170701:
2061	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
2062	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
2063
206420170625:
2065	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
2066	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
2067	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
2068	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
2069	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
2070	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
2071	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
2072
207320170623:
2074	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
2075	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
2076	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
2077	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
2078	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
2079	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
2080
208120170620:
2082	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
2083	if you require the GPL compiler.
2084
208520170619:
2086	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
2087	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
2088	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
2089	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
2090	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
2091	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
2092
209320170618:
2094	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
2095	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
2096	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
2097
209820170617:
2099	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
2100	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
2101	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
2102	followed.
2103
210420170531:
2105	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
2106	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
2107	from ports (and recommends to install it).
2108	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
2109	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
2110	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
2111
211220170524:
2113	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
2114	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
2115	which only require one chipset support.
2116
2117	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
2118
2119	if_ath_load="YES"
2120
2121	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
2122	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
2123	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
2124
2125	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
2126	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
2127
2128	* load ath_hal
2129	* load the chip modules in question
2130	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
2131	* load ath_main
2132	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
2133	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
2134
2135	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
2136
213720170523:
2138	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
2139	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
2140	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
2141
2142	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
2143	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
2144	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
2145
2146	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
2147	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
2148	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
2149	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
2150	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
2151	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
2152	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
2153	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
2154
215520170424:
2156	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
2157	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
2158	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
2159
216020170420:
2161	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
2162	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
2163	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
2164
216520170413:
2166	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
2167	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
2168	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
2169	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
2170	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
2171	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
2172	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
2173
217420170407:
2175	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
2176	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
2177	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
2178	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
2179
218020170405:
2181	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
2182	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
2183	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
2184
218520170331:
2186	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
2187	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
2188	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
2189
219020170329:
2191	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
2192	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
2193
2194	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
2195	via one of the following methods:
2196	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
2197	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
2198	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
2199	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
2200
2201	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
2202
220320170316:
2204	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
2205	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
2206	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
2207	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
2208	with mmc.ko).
2209
221020170315:
2211	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
2212	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
2213	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
2214	be prefixed with colon.
2215
221620170311:
2217	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
2218	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
2219	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
2220
222120170302:
2222	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
2223	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2224	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2225
222620170221:
2227	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
2228	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
2229	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
2230	change.
2231
223220170216:
2233	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
2234	valid.
2235
223620170215:
2237	MCA bus support has been removed.
2238
223920170127:
2240	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
2241	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
2242
224320170112:
2244	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
2245	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
2246
224720170109:
2248	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
2249	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
2250	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
2251	configuration.
2252
225320161217:
2254	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
2255	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2256	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2257
225820161124:
2259	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
2260	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2261	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2262
226320161119:
2264	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
2265	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
2266	that link against it need to be recompiled.
2267
226820161030:
2269	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
2270	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
2271	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
2272	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
2273
227420161017:
2275	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
2276	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
2277	parts.
2278	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
2279	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
2280
228120161015:
2282	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
2283	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
2284	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
2285	removed from base.
2286
228720161008:
2288	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
2289	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
2290	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
2291
229220161003:
2293	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
2294	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
2295
229620160924:
2297	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
2298	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
2299	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
2300	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
2301
230220160918:
2303	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
2304	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
2305	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
2306	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
2307	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
2308
230920160918:
2310	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
2311
231220160908:
2313	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
2314	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
2315	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
2316	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
2317
231820160824:
2319	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
2320	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
2321	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
2322	to 1200005.
2323
232420160818:
2325	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
2326	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
2327	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
2328	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
2329	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
2330	0.
2331
233220160818:
2333	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
2334	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
2335
233620160708:
2337	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
2338
2339After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
2340from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
2341entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
2342UPDATING file.
2343
2344COMMON ITEMS:
2345
2346	General Notes
2347	-------------
2348	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2349	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
2350	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
2351	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2352	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2353	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2354	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2355	report a bug if it happens consistently.
2356
2357	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2358	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2359	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2360	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
2361	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
2362	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2363	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2364	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2365	an exception.
2366
2367	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2368	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2369	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2370	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2371	step.
2372
2373	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2374	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2375	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2376	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2377
2378	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2379	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2380	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2381	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2382	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2383	should write them with this in mind.
2384
2385	ZFS notes
2386	---------
2387	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
2388	always follow these three steps:
2389
2390	1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2391	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2392
2393	2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
2394	doing a zpool upgrade):
2395
2396	When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
2397	block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2398		gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
2399	The value $N will typically be 1.  For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
2400
2401	3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
2402	pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
2403	zpool upgrade.
2404
2405	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2406
2407	EFI notes
2408	---------
2409
2410	There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
2411	current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
2412	efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
2413	deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
2414	fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
2415	/boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
2416	ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
2417	the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
2418
2419	Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
2420	may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
2421	location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
2422	mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
2423
2424	The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
2425	however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
2426	root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
2427	since it does not automatically understand some new features.
2428
2429	See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
2430
2431	To build a kernel
2432	-----------------
2433	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2434	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
2435	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2436
2437	make kernel-toolchain
2438	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2439	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2440
2441	If you are running kernel modules from ports, see FOOTNOTE [1].
2442
2443	To test a kernel once
2444	---------------------
2445	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2446	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2447	debugging information) run
2448	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2449	nextboot -k testkernel
2450
2451	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2452	-----------------------------------------------------------
2453	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2454	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2455
2456	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>		[2]
2457	make buildworld
2458	<make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set>	[1]
2459	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2460	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2461	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2462	etcupdate -p					[5]
2463	make installworld
2464	etcupdate -B					[4]
2465	make delete-old					[6]
2466	<reboot>
2467
2468	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2469	--------------------------------------------------
2470	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2471	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2472	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2473	# size.
2474
2475	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2476	<boot into -stable>
2477	make buildworld
2478	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[1]
2479	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2480	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2481	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2482	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2483	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2484	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2485	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2486	<reboot into current>
2487	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2488	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2489	<reboot>
2490
2491
2492	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2493	----------------------------------------------
2494	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>		[2]
2495	make buildworld					[9]
2496	<make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set>	[1]
2497	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2498	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2499	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2500	etcupdate -p					[5]
2501	make installworld
2502	etcupdate -B					[4]
2503	make delete-old					[6]
2504	<reboot>
2505
2506	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2507	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2508	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2509	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2510	the UPDATING entries.
2511
2512	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2513	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2514	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2515	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2516	much fewer pitfalls.
2517
2518FOOTNOTES:
2519
2520	[1] If you have third party modules, such as drm-kmod or vmware, you
2521	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2522	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2523	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
2524	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2525	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2526	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2527	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2528	and effective, eg:
2529	     PORTS_MODULES+=graphics/drm-kmod graphics/nvidia-drm-kmod
2530
2531	[2] To make complete dumps on zfs(4), use bectl(8), which
2532	creates bootable snapshots of configurable depth that are
2533	selectable via the bootloader. For ufs(4), use dump(8) and
2534	restore(8).
2535
2536	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2537		fsck -p
2538		mount -u /
2539		mount -a
2540		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2541		cd src			# full path to source
2542		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2543	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2544	into single user mode to do the installworld.
2545
2546	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2547	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2548	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2549	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2550	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2551	for potential gotchas.  See etcupdate(8) for more information.
2552
2553	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2554	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2555	step.
2556
2557	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2558	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2559	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2560
2561	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2562	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2563	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2564	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2565	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2566	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2567	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2568	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2569
2570	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2571	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2572	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2573	for these as well.
2574
2575	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2576	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2577	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2578
2579	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2580	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2581	warn if it is improperly defined.
2582FORMAT:
2583
2584This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2585breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2586list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2587If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2588to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2589
2590Copyright information:
2591
2592Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2593
2594Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2595modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2596document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2597
2598THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2599IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2600WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2601DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2602INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2603(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2604SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2605HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2606STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2607IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2608POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2609
2610Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2611this document.
2612