xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision bf46aec4b29a72bcaaa9f1b2fc446ee299f5a6fd)
1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 15.x IS SLOW:
16	FreeBSD 15.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
20	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
21	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
22	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
26	debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27	world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28	at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
29
3020250303:
31	Commit 4a77657cbc01 changed the ABI between ipfw(8) and ipfw(4).
32	Please note that the old ipfw(8) binary will not work with the new
33	ipfw(4) module. Therefore, it is recommended to disable ipfw during
34	the upgrade, otherwise the host system may become inaccessible because
35	ipfw rules cannot be installed with the old binary.
36
3720250214:
38	Commit 4517fbfd4251 modified the internal API between the
39	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both of these modules
40	need to be rebuilt from sources.
41
4220250201:
43	The NFS related daemons, that provide RPC services to the kernel:
44	gssd(8), rpcbind(8), rpc.tlsservd(8) and rpc.tlsclntd(8), now use a
45	different transport - netlink(4) socket instead of unix(4).  Users of
46	NFS need to upgrade both kernel and world (binaries and libc) at once.
47	Also, any revision between 88cd1e17a7d8 and 99e5a70046da should be
48	avoided.
49
5020250129:
51	Defer the January 19, 2038 date limit in UFS1 filesystems to
52	February 7, 2106. This affects only UFS1 format filesystems.
53	See commit message 1111a44301da for details.
54
5520250127:
56	The Allwinner a10_timer driver has been renamed to aw_driver. If you
57	have a custom kernel configuration including the line 'device
58	a10_timer', it must be adjusted to 'device aw_timer'. The same applies
59	for device exclusions with 'nodevice'.
60
6120250106:
62	A new SOC_ROCKCHIP options appeared, so if you have a custom kernel configuration
63	targetting Rockchip SoC you need to add it so shared and mandatory drivers for
64	this SoC familly will be selected.
65	Also a new rk8xx device was added, this select the base driver for Rockchip PMIC.
66
6720241223:
68	The layout of NFS file handles for the tarfs, tmpfs, cd9660, and ext2fs
69	file systems has changed.  An NFS server that exports any of these file
70	systems will need its clients to unmount and remount the exports.
71
7220241216:
73	The iwm(4) firmwares are no longer compiled as kernel modules but instead
74	shipped as raw files. For pkgbase users if you use iwm(4) you will need
75	to install the FreeBSD-firmware-iwm package.
76
7720241124:
78	The OpenBSD derived bc and dc implementations and the WITHOUT_GH_BC
79	option that allowed building them instead of the advanced version
80	imported more than 4 years ago have been removed.
81
8220241025:
83	The support for the rc_fast_and_loose variable has been removed from
84	rc.subr(8). Users setting rc_fast_and_loose on their systems are
85	advised to make sure their customizations to rc service scripts
86	do not depend on having a single shell environment shared across
87	all the rc service scripts during booting and shutdown.
88
8920241013:
90	The ciss driver was updated to cope better with hotplug events that
91	caused it to panic before, and to support more than 48 drives attached
92	to the card. These changes were made w/o benefit of hardware for testing
93	and ciss(4) users should be on the lookout for regressions.
94
9520240729:
96	The build now defaults to WITHOUT_CLEAN - i.e., no automatic clean
97	is performed at the beginning of buildworld or buildkernel.  The
98	WITH_CLEAN src.conf(5) knob can be used to restore the previous
99	behaviour.
100
101	If you encounter incremental build issues, please report them to the
102	freebsd-current mailing list so that a special-case dependency can be
103	added, if necessary.
104
10520240715:
106	We now lean more heavily on ACPI enumeration for some traditional
107	devices. uart has moved from isa to acpi so the hints act as wiring
108	instead of device enumeration. Hints for parallel port, floppy, etc
109	have been removed.  Before upgrading, grep your dmesg for lines like:
110		uart1: non-PNP ISA device will be removed from GENERIC in FreeBSD 15.
111	to see if you need to start including hints for the device on isa
112	in your loader.conf or device.hints file. APU1 (but not APU2) boards
113	are known to be affected, but there may be others.
114
11520240712:
116	Support for armv6 has been disconnected and is being removed.
117
11820240617:
119	ifconfig now treats IPv4 addresses without a width or mask as an error.
120	Specify the desired mask or width along with the IP address on the
121	ifconfig command line and in rc.conf.
122
12320240428:
124	OpenBSM auditing runtime (auditd, etc.) has been moved into the new
125	package FreeBSD-audit.  If you use OpenBSM auditing and pkgbase, you
126	should install FreeBSD-audit.
127
12820240424:
129	cron, lpr, and ntpd have been moved from FreeBSD-utilities into their
130	own packages.  If you use pkgbase, you should install the relevant
131	packages: FreeBSD-cron, FreeBSD-lp, or FreeBSD-ntp.
132
13320240406:
134	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
135	been upgraded to 18.1.6. It is important that you run `make delete-old`
136	as described in the COMMON ITEMS section, otherwise several libc++
137	headers that are obsolete and need to be removed can cause compilation
138	errors in C++ programs.
139
14020240205:
141	For dynamically linked programs, system calls are now made from
142	libsys rather than libc.  No change in linkage is required as
143	libsys is an auxiliary filter for libc.  People building custom
144	images must ensure that libsys.so.7 is included.
145
14620240202:
147	Loader now also read configuration files listed in local_loader_conf_files.
148	Files listed here are the last ones read. And /boot/loader.conf.local was
149	moved from loader_conf_files to local_loader_conf_files leaving only
150	loader.conf and device.hints in loader_conf_files by default.
151
152	The following sequencing is applied:
153
154	1. Bootstrap:
155	    /boot/defaults/loader.conf
156
157	2. Read loader_conf_files files:
158	    /boot/device.hints
159	    /boot/loader.conf
160
161	3. Read loader_conf_dirs files:
162	    /boot/loader.conf.d/*.conf
163
164	4. And finally, rread local_loader_conf_files files:
165	    /boot/loader.conf.local
166
16720240201:
168	sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged.  This version enforces
169	stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line
170	endings.  This may cause issues with receiving messages from
171	non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in
172	contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations.
173
17420240111:
175	Commit cc760de2183f changed the internal interface between
176	the nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both need to be
177	rebuilt from sources.  Therefore, __FreeBSD_version was
178	bumped to 1500010.
179
18020231120:
181	If you have an arm64 system that uses ACPI, you will need to update your
182	loader.efi in the ESP when you update past this point.  Detection of ACPI
183	was moved earlier in the binary so the scripts could use it, but old
184	binaries don't have this, so we default to 'no ACPI' in this case. You can
185	undisable ACPI by doing
186		OK unset hint.acpi.0.disabled
187	This can also be used to recover any other system that was updated in the
188	small window where amd64 was also broken.
189
19020231113:
191	The WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD option has been removed.  When LLD is enabled
192	it is always installed as /usr/bin/ld.
193
19420231027:
195	Forward compatibility (running the new code on old kernels) for the
196	"ino64" project have been removed. The need for it has passed long ago.
197
19820231018:
199	Commit 57ce37f9dcd0 changed the internal KAPI between the
200	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  Both must be rebuilt from sources.
201
20220231010:
203	dialog(1) has been replaced in base by bsddialog(1), while most of the
204	time replacing a dialog(1) call by a bsddialog(1) call works out of the
205	box, bsddialog(1) is not considered as a drop-in replacement for
206	dialog(1).
207
208	If you do depend on dialog(1) functionality, please install cdialog
209	from ports:
210
211	pkg install cdialog
212
21320230927:
214	The EARLY_AP_STARTUP kernel option is mandatory on x86.  The option
215	has been added to DEFAULTS, so it should automatically be included in
216	custom kernel configurations without any additional change.
217
21820230922:
219	A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default
220	behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required
221	recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP.
222
22320230914:
224	Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by
225	default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf.
226
22720230911:
228	Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang
229	internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems
230	installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow
231	for these file moves:
232
233		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities
234		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev
235		pkg upgrade -y
236
23720230909:
238	Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which
239	belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module
240	loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are
241	corresponding kernel environment variables.
242
24320230901:
244	The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have
245	been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively.
246
24720230824:
248	FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT.
249
25020230817:
251	Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has
252	been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry
253	practice and typcial firmware serial console redirection
254	configuration.
255
256	Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not
257	support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may
258	set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot
259	components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start
260	with the serial port at 115200.
261
26220230807:
263	Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus-
264	frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is
265	integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's
266	no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or
267	"device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration.
268
26920230803:
270	MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config.
271	Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt.
272
27320230724:
274	CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
275	to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
276	BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
277	for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
278	the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
279
28020230713:
281	stable/14 branch created.
282
28320230629:
284	The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
285	atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
286	change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
287	file a PR and assign it to imp.
288
28920230623:
290	OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
291	the base system.  It is important to rebuild third-party software
292	after upgrading.
293
29420230619:
295	To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
296	filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
297	locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
298	delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
299
300		sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
301		service pf restart
302
303	When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
304	filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
305
30620230613:
307	Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
308	follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
309	authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
310	quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
311	already properly quoted or escaped.
312
31320230612:
314	Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
315	nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
316	nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
317	in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
318	config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
319	kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf.  The default has been nda on
320	all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
321	please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
322
323	Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
324	migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
325
32620230422:
327	Remove portsnap(8).  Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
328	using git instead.
329
33020230420:
331	Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
332	eg.
333		make buildworld-jobs
334	runs
335		make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
336
337	where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
338
33920230316:
340	Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
341	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
342	IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
343	"device imx6_ipu" to it.
344	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
345	TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
346	If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
347	exist anymore.
348
34920230221:
350	Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
351	for details.
352
35320230206:
354	sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
355	Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
356	`X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
357
35820230204:
359	Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
360	to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
361
36220230130:
363	As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
364	to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
365	to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
366
36720230126:
368	The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
369	system are now built unconditionally.
370
37120230113:
372	LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
373	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
374
37520221212:
376	llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump.  Previously there was
377	no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
378
379	Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
380	GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
381	objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
382
38320221205:
384	dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta.  For people willing
385	to reenable sendmail(8):
386
387	$ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
388
389	and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
390
39120221204:
392	hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
393	default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
394	the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
395	the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
396	needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
397	the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
398
399	NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
400
40120221122:
402	pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
403	These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
404	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
405
40620221121:
407	The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed.  When Clang is enabled
408	it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
409
41020221026:
411	Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
412	for pkgbase users to do:
413
414	pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
415	  FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
416
417	after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
418	installed.
419
42020221002:
421	OPIE has been removed from the base system.  If needed, it can
422	be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie).
423	Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference
424	pam_opie or pam_opieaccess.
425
42620220610:
427	LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
428	before re-compiling to avoid errors.
429
43020211230:
431	The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
432	have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
433	Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
434	be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
435	reflect this change.
436
43720211214:
438	A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
439	themselves.  A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
440
44120211209:
442	Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
443	mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
444	the coming days and weeks.
445
446	This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
447	or touch
448		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
449		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
450		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
451		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
452	before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
453
45420211202:
455	Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
456	by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
457	statement in unbound.conf:
458		local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
459
460	Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
461
462	The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
463	Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
464	using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
465	to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
466	belongs.  Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
467	such names when roaming to different homenets.
468
46920211110:
470	Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
471	that any of the included congestion control modules could be
472	the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
473	was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
474	this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
475	control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
476	default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
477	The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
478	as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
479	kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
480	fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
481
48220211118:
483	Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
484	tree shortly.
485
48620211106:
487	Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
488	The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
489	of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
490	may need to be modified.
491
49220211022:
493	The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
494	The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
495	support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
496
49720211020:
498	sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user.  To force root to use
499	the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
500
501	# chsh -s csh
502
50320211004:
504	Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
505	with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
506	to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
507	this change.
508
50920210923:
510	As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
511	ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
512	users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
513	list of modules to load on their systems.
514
51520210922:
516	As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
517	new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
518	information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
519	audio/freebsd-13-mixer
520
52120210911:
522	As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
523	been deleted from the nfscommon.ko.  As such, nfsd.ko must be built
524	from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
525	being loaded.
526
52720210817:
528	As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
529	by default.  Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
530	option.  This can be enabled globally by using a custom
531	OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
532	application-specific configuration option for applications
533	which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
534
53520210811:
536	Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
537	modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
538
53920210730:
540	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
541	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
542	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
543	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
544
54520210729:
546	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
547	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
548	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
549
55020210716:
551	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
552	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
553	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
554
55520210715:
556	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
557	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
558	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
559	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
560	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
561	to update your sources past the above hash and do
562		% cd usr.bin/awk
563		% make clean all
564		% sudo -E make install
565	to enable building kernels again.
566
56720210708:
568	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
569	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
570	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
571
57220210707:
573	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
574	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
575
57620210624:
577	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
578	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
579	for NFSv4 mounts.
580	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
581
58220210618:
583	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
584	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
585	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
586	additions and others.
587
58820210618:
589	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
590	renamed to "untrusted".
591
59220210611:
593	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
594	please install the svn package or port.
595
59620210611:
597	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
598	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
599	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
600
60120210610:
602	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
603
60420210608:
605	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
606	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
607https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
608	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
609	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
610	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
611	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
612
61320210525:
614	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
615	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
616	committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
617	detect this.
618
61920210513:
620	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
621	libraries and utilities are packaged.
622	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
623	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
624	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
625	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
626	on the system.
627
62820210426:
629	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
630	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
631	need to be rebuilt from sources.
632	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
633	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
634	is not recommended.
635
63620210411:
637	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
638	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
639	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
640	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
641	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
642	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
643
64420210330:
645	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
646	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
647	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
648	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
649
65020210225:
651	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
652	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
653	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
654
65520210128:
656	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
657	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
658	update.
659
66020210121:
661	stable/13 branch created.
662
66320210108:
664	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
665	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
666	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
667	since it was bumped so recently.
668
66920210107:
670	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
671	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
672	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
673	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
674
67520210105:
676	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
677	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
678	requires a clean build.
679
68020201223:
681	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
682	instructions can be found at
683	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
684	and other documents in that repo.
685
68620201216:
687	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
688	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
689	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
690	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
691
69220201215:
693	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
694	may be installed from ports or packages.
695
69620201124:
697	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
698	See ping(8) for details.
699
70020201108:
701	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
702	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
703	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
704
70520201030:
706	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
707	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
708	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
709	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
710	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
711
71220201026:
713	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
714	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
715	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
716	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
717	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
718	find.
719
72020200923:
721	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
722	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
723	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
724	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
725
726	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
727	command you want to un-auger the tree is
728		cd sys/amd64/conf
729		svn revert -R .
730	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
731	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
732
73320200824:
734	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
735	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
736	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
737	unless you  want to use new features.
738
739	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
740	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
741	rebuilding world may fail.
742
743	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
744	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
745
746	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
747	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
748	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
749	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
750
75120200824:
752	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
753	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
754	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
755	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
756
75720200821:
758	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
759	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
760	sources.
761
76220200817:
763	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
764	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
765
76620200816:
767	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
768	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
769	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
770	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
771
77220200810:
773	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
774	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
775	from sources, so a version bump was done.
776
77720200807:
778	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
779	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
780	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
781	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
782
78320200729:
784	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
785	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
786	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
787	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
788	continue to function.
789
790	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
791	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
792	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
793	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
794
79520200627:
796	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
797	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
798	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
799	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
800	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
801	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
802	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
803
80420200625:
805	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
806	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
807
80820200613:
809	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
810	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
811	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
812
81320200604:
814	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
815	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
816	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
817	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
818
819	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
820	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
821	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
822	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
823	/root/.shrc.
824
82520200523:
826	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
827	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
828	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
829	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
830
83120200512:
832	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
833	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
834
83520200424:
836	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
837	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
838	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
839	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
840	be functional without closefrom(2).
841
84220200414:
843	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
844	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
845	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
846	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
847	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
848	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
849
85020200310:
851	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
852	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
853	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
854	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
855
85620200309:
857	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
858	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
859	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
860
86120200301:
862	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
863
86420200229:
865	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
866	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
867	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
868
86920200229:
870	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
871	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
872
87320200229:
874	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
875	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
876	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
877	ports or packages.
878
87920200220:
880	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
881	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
882	ncurses.
883
88420200217:
885	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
886	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
887	together with their new kernel.
888
88920200212:
890	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
891	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
892	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
893
894	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
895	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
896
89720200108:
898	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
899	linker for riscv64.
900
90120200107:
902	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
903	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
904	external toolchain package.
905
90620200104:
907	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
908	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
909	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
910	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
911	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
912
91320200102:
914	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
915	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
916	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
917	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
918
91920191226:
920	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
921	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
922	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
923	ABI.
924
92520191226:
926	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
927
92820191222:
929	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
930	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
931	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
932	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
933
93420191212:
935	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
936	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
937	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
938
93920191205:
940	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
941	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
942	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
943	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
944	differences between those included in the port and those included in
945	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
946	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
947	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
948
94920191120:
950	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
951	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
952	for automounting.
953
95420191107:
955	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
956	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
957	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
958	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
959	add superio to the set.
960
96120191021:
962	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
963	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
964
96520191021:
966	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
967	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
968	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
969	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
970	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
971	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
972	completely in the future.
973
97420191009:
975	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
976	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
977	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
978	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
979	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
980	will be removed from the list.
981
98220191009:
983	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
984	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
985	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
986	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
987
98820191003:
989	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
990	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
991	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
992	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
993
99420190913:
995	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
996	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
997	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
998	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
999
100020190823:
1001	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
1002	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
1003	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
1004
100520190727:
1006	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
1007	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
1008	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
1009	your scripts, because they had no effect.
1010
1011	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
1012	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
1013	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
1014	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
1015	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
1016
101720190713:
1018	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
1019	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
1020	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
1021	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
1022	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
1023	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
1024	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
1025
102620190620:
1027	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
1028	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
1029	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
1030	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
1031
103220190612:
1033	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1034	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1035	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1036	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1037
103820190608:
1039	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
1040	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
1041	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
1042
104320190513:
1044	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
1045	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
1046	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
1047	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
1048	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
1049	avoid running into the limit.
1050
105120190507:
1052	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
1053	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
1054
105520190507:
1056	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
1057	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
1058	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
1059	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
1060	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
1061	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
1062
106320190418:
1064	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
1065	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
1066	entropy:
1067
1068	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
1069	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
1070	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
1071	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
1072	availability properties.
1073
1074	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1075	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
1076	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
1077	initial condition, if desired.
1078
1079	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1080	Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
1081
1082	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
1083	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
1084	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
1085	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
1086
108720190416:
1088	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
1089	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
1090	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
1091	therefore unblocked).
1092
109320190404:
1094	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
1095	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
1096	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
1097	is added to the command line.
1098	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
1099	not affected and should continue to work.
1100
110120190320:
1102	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
1103	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
1104	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
1105	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
1106
110720190304:
1108	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1109	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1110	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1111	or higher.
1112
111320190226:
1114	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
1115	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
1116	kernel config.
1117
111820190219:
1119	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
1120	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
1121	migrating to the drm ports.
1122
112320190131:
1124	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
1125	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
1126	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
1127	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
1128	is loaded automatically.
1129
113020190125:
1131	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
1132	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
1133	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
1134	kernel config files.
1135
113620181230:
1137	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
1138	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
1139	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
1140	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
1141
114220181220:
1143	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
1144	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
1145	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
1146	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
1147	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
1148	most NFSv4 mounts.
1149
115020181219:
1151	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
1152	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
1153	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
1154
1155	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
1156	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
1157
1158	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
1159	removed from the mips port.
1160
116120181211:
1162	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1163	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1164	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1165	or higher.
1166
116720181211:
1168	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
1169	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
1170
117120181126:
1172	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
1173	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
1174	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
1175	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
1176
117720181123:
1178	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
1179	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
1180	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
1181
118220181115:
1183	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
1184	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
1185	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
1186	FreeBSD versions.
1187
118820181110:
1189	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
1190	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
1191	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
1192
1193	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
1194	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
1195	being included using the command:
1196		$ newsyslog -Nrv
1197
119820181019:
1199	Stable/12 was branched created.
1200
120120181015:
1202	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
1203	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
1204	drm-legacy-kmod.
1205
1206	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
1207	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
1208	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
1209	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
1210	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
1211	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
1212	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
1213	that as you will get better support.
1214
1215	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
1216	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
1217	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
1218	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
1219
1220	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
1221	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
1222	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
1223	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
1224	shortly.
1225
122620181012:
1227	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
1228	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
1229	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
1230	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
1231	be adjusted as necessary.
1232
123320181009:
1234	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
1235	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
1236	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
1237	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
1238
123920181006:
1240	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
1241	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
1242	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
1243	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
1244	encouraged.
1245
124620181002:
1247	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
1248	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
1249	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
1250	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
1251	nda device name.
1252
125320180913:
1254	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
1255	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
1256	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
1257	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1258	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1259	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1260
126120180826:
1262	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1263	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1264	default since FreeBSD-11.
1265
126620180822:
1267	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1268	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
1269	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1270
127120180818:
1272	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1273	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1274	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1275	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1276	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
1277	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1278	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1279
1280	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1281	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1282
128320180815:
1284	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1285	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1286	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1287	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1288	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1289	may not be observed in a future release.
1290
129120180808:
1292	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
1293	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1294	your environment.
1295
129620180731:
1297	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1298	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1299	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1300	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1301
130220180730:
1303	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1304	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1305	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1306	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1307	runtime services.
1308
130920180727:
1310	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1311	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1312	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1313
131420180723:
1315	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1316	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1317	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1318	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1319	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1320
132120180720:
1322	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1323	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1324	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1325	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1326	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1327	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1328
132920180719:
1330	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1331	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1332	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1333	boot_serial=YES
1334	boot_multicons=YES
1335	in /boot/loader.conf
1336	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1337	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1338	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1339
134020180719:
1341	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
1342	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1343	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1344	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1345	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1346	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1347	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1348	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1349	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1350	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1351	by the ntpd user.
1352
135320180717:
1354	Big endian arm support has been removed.
1355
135620180711:
1357	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1358	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
1359	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1360	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1361	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1362
136320180705:
1364	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1365	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1366	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
1367	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
1368	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1369	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1370
137120180702:
1372	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1373	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1374
137520180701:
1376	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1377	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1378	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1379	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1380	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1381	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1382	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1383
138420180630:
1385	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1386	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1387	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1388	or higher.
1389
139020180628:
1391	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1392	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1393	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1394	file.
1395
139620180612:
1397	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1398	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1399
140020180530:
1401	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1402	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1403	longer necessary.
1404
140520180530:
1406	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1407	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1408	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1409	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1410
141120180523:
1412	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1413	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1414	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1415	later than r334108.
1416
141720180517:
1418	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
1419	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1420	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1421	it must be removed.
1422
142320180510:
1424	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1425	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1426	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1427	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1428	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1429	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1430	will go away.
1431
1432	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1433	workaround is necessary.
1434
143520180508:
1436	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1437	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
1438	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
1439	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1440
144120180504:
1442	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
1443	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1444	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1445	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1446	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1447
144820180502:
1449	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
1450	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1451	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
1452	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1453
145420180501:
1455	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
1456	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1457	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1458	be removed.
1459
146020180413:
1461	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
1462	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1463	removed.
1464
146520180411:
1466	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
1467	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1468	removed.
1469
147020180406:
1471	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1472	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1473	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1474	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1475	microseconds and time zone offsets.
1476
1477	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1478	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1479	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1480	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1481	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1482	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1483	adjustments, depending on the software used.
1484
1485	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1486	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1487
1488		source src {
1489			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1490		}
1491
1492	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1493	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1494	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1495
1496		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1497
1498	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1499	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1500	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1501	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1502	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1503	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1504	thus expected to continue to function as before.
1505
1506	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1507	change.
1508
150920180328:
1510	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1511	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1512	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1513
151420180323:
1515	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1516	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1517	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1518	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1519	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1520	should be as simple as:
1521
1522		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1523		$ make depend all install
1524
152520180212:
1526	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1527	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1528	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1529	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1530	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1531	provisions for backup boot methods.
1532
153320180211:
1534	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1535	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1536	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1537	imp@freebsd.org.
1538
153920180114:
1540	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1541	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1542	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1543	or higher.
1544
154520180110:
1546	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1547	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1548	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1549
1550	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1551	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1552
155320180110:
1554	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1555	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1556	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1557	remove it from kernel config files.
1558
155920180104:
1560	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1561	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1562	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1563
1564	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1565	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1566
156720180102:
1568	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1569	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1570	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1571	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1572
157320171215:
1574	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1575	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1576
157720171214:
1578	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1579	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1580	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1581	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1582
158320171125:
1584	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1585	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1586	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1587	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1588	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1589	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1590
159120171110:
1592	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1593	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1594	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1595
159620171106:
1597	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1598	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
1599	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
1600	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1601	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1602
160320171102:
1604	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1605	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1606	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1607	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1608	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1609	environment.
1610
161120171101:
1612	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1613	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1614	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
1615	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1616	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1617	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1618	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1619	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1620	than hardcoding paths.
1621
162220171028:
1623	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1624	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1625	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1626
162720171021:
1628	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1629	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1630	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1631	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1632
163320171010:
1634	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1635	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1636
163720171005:
1638	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1639	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1640	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1641	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1642
164320171003:
1644	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1645	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1646	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1647	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1648	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1649
165020170912:
1651	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
1652	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1653	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
1654	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1655	/etc/ctl.conf .
1656
165720170912:
1658	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1659	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1660	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1661	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1662	soft-float everything else should be affected.
1663
166420170826:
1665	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
1666	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1667
166820170825:
1669	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1670	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1671	to complete.
1672
167320170814:
1674	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1675	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1676	${TESTSDIR}.
1677
1678	Behavioral changes:
1679	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1680	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1681	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1682	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1683
1684	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1685	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1686	sandbox if successful.
1687
1688	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1689	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1690	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1691	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1692	an unprivileged user.
1693
169420170808:
1695	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1696	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1697	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1698	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1699	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1700	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1701	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1702	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1703	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1704	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1705	to which you should answer yes.
1706
170720170728:
1708	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1709	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1710	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1711	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1712	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1713
171420170722:
1715	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1716	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1717	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1718
171920170701:
1720	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1721	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1722
172320170625:
1724	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
1725	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1726	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
1727	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1728	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
1729	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1730	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1731
173220170623:
1733	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1734	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1735	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1736	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1737	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1738	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1739
174020170620:
1741	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1742	if you require the GPL compiler.
1743
174420170619:
1745	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1746	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1747	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1748	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1749	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1750	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1751
175220170618:
1753	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1754	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1755	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1756
175720170617:
1758	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1759	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
1760	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1761	followed.
1762
176320170531:
1764	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1765	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1766	from ports (and recommends to install it).
1767	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1768	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1769	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1770
177120170524:
1772	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1773	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
1774	which only require one chipset support.
1775
1776	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1777
1778	if_ath_load="YES"
1779
1780	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1781	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1782	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1783
1784	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1785	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1786
1787	* load ath_hal
1788	* load the chip modules in question
1789	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1790	* load ath_main
1791	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1792	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1793
1794	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1795
179620170523:
1797	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1798	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
1799	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1800
1801	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1802	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1803	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1804
1805	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1806	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
1807	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1808	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
1809	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1810	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1811	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1812	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1813
181420170424:
1815	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1816	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
1817	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1818
181920170420:
1820	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1821	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1822	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1823
182420170413:
1825	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1826	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1827	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1828	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1829	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1830	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1831	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1832
183320170407:
1834	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1835	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1836	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1837	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1838
183920170405:
1840	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1841	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
1842	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1843
184420170331:
1845	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1846	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1847	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1848
184920170329:
1850	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1851	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1852
1853	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1854	via one of the following methods:
1855	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1856	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1857	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1858	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1859
1860	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1861
186220170316:
1863	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1864	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1865	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1866	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1867	with mmc.ko).
1868
186920170315:
1870	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1871	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1872	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1873	be prefixed with colon.
1874
187520170311:
1876	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1877	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1878	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1879
188020170302:
1881	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1882	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1883	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1884
188520170221:
1886	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1887	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1888	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
1889	change.
1890
189120170216:
1892	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1893	valid.
1894
189520170215:
1896	MCA bus support has been removed.
1897
189820170127:
1899	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1900	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1901
190220170112:
1903	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1904	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1905
190620170109:
1907	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1908	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1909	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1910	configuration.
1911
191220161217:
1913	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1914	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1915	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1916
191720161124:
1918	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1919	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1920	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1921
192220161119:
1923	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1924	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
1925	that link against it need to be recompiled.
1926
192720161030:
1928	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1929	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1930	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1931	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1932
193320161017:
1934	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1935	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1936	parts.
1937	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1938	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1939
194020161015:
1941	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
1942	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1943	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1944	removed from base.
1945
194620161008:
1947	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1948	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1949	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1950
195120161003:
1952	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1953	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1954
195520160924:
1956	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1957	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
1958	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1959	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1960
196120160918:
1962	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
1963	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1964	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1965	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1966	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1967
196820160918:
1969	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1970
197120160908:
1972	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1973	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1974	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
1975	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1976
197720160824:
1978	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1979	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1980	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1981	to 1200005.
1982
198320160818:
1984	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1985	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1986	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
1987	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
1988	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1989	0.
1990
199120160818:
1992	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1993	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1994
199520160708:
1996	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1997
1998After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
1999from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
2000entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
2001UPDATING file.
2002
2003COMMON ITEMS:
2004
2005	General Notes
2006	-------------
2007	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2008	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
2009	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
2010	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2011	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2012	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2013	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2014	report a bug if it happens consistently.
2015
2016	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2017	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2018	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2019	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
2020	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
2021	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2022	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2023	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2024	an exception.
2025
2026	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2027	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2028	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2029	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2030	step.
2031
2032	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2033	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2034	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2035	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2036
2037	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2038	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2039	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2040	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2041	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2042	should write them with this in mind.
2043
2044	ZFS notes
2045	---------
2046	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
2047	always follow these three steps:
2048
2049	1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2050	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2051
2052	2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
2053	doing a zpool upgrade):
2054
2055	When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
2056	block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2057		gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
2058	The value $N will typically be 1.  For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
2059
2060	3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
2061	pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
2062	zpool upgrade.
2063
2064	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2065
2066	EFI notes
2067	---------
2068
2069	There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
2070	current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
2071	efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
2072	deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
2073	fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
2074	/boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
2075	ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
2076	the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
2077
2078	Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
2079	may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
2080	location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
2081	mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
2082
2083	The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
2084	however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
2085	root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
2086	since it does not automatically understand some new features.
2087
2088	See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
2089
2090	To build a kernel
2091	-----------------
2092	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2093	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
2094	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2095
2096	make kernel-toolchain
2097	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2098	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2099
2100	If you are running kernel modules from ports, see FOOTNOTE [1].
2101
2102	To test a kernel once
2103	---------------------
2104	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2105	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2106	debugging information) run
2107	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2108	nextboot -k testkernel
2109
2110	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2111	-----------------------------------------------------------
2112	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2113	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2114
2115	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2116	make buildworld
2117	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2118	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[1]
2119	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2120	etcupdate -p					[5]
2121	make installworld
2122	etcupdate -B					[4]
2123	make delete-old					[6]
2124	<reboot>
2125
2126	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2127	--------------------------------------------------
2128	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2129	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2130	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2131	# size.
2132
2133	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2134	<boot into -stable>
2135	make buildworld
2136	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[1]
2137	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2138	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2139	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2140	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2141	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2142	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2143	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2144	<reboot into current>
2145	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2146	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2147	<reboot>
2148
2149
2150	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2151	----------------------------------------------
2152	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2153	make buildworld					[9]
2154	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2155	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[1]
2156	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2157	etcupdate -p					[5]
2158	make installworld
2159	etcupdate -B					[4]
2160	make delete-old					[6]
2161	<reboot>
2162
2163	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2164	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2165	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2166	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2167	the UPDATING entries.
2168
2169	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2170	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2171	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2172	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2173	much fewer pitfalls.
2174
2175FOOTNOTES:
2176
2177	[1] If you have third party modules, such as drm-kmod or vmware, you
2178	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2179	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2180	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
2181	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2182	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2183	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2184	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2185	and effective, eg:
2186	     PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2187
2188	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2189		fsck -p
2190		mount -u /
2191		mount -a
2192		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2193		cd src			# full path to source
2194		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2195	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2196	into single user mode to do the installworld.
2197
2198	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2199	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2200	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2201	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2202	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2203	for potential gotchas.  See etcupdate(8) for more information.
2204
2205	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2206	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2207	step.
2208
2209	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2210	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2211	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2212
2213	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2214	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2215	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2216	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2217	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2218	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2219	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2220	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2221
2222	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2223	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2224	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2225	for these as well.
2226
2227	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2228	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2229	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2230
2231	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2232	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2233	warn if it is improperly defined.
2234FORMAT:
2235
2236This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2237breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2238list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2239If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2240to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2241
2242Copyright information:
2243
2244Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2245
2246Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2247modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2248document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2249
2250THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2251IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2252WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2253DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2254INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2255(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2256SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2257HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2258STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2259IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2260POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2261
2262Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2263this document.
2264