xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision bda54b8f964b4035dcf5aba394d14ed24370a6f2)
1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
13
14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
18
19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW:
20	FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
21	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
22	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
23	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
24	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
25	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
26	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
27	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
28	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
29	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
30	debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
31	disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
32	"ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
33
3420190320:
35	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
36	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
37	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
38	"options FUSE" enties in kernel config files.
39
4020190304:
41	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
42	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
43	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
44	or higher.
45
4620190219:
47	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
48	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
49	migrating to the drm ports.
50
5120190131:
52	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
53	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
54	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
55	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
56	is loaded automatically.
57
5820190125:
59	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
60	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
61	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
62	kernel config files.
63
6420181230:
65	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
66	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
67	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
68	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
69
7020181220:
71	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
72	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
73	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
74	from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
75	NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
76	most NFSv4 mounts.
77
7820181219:
79	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
80	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
81	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
82
83	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
84	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
85
86	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
87	removed from the mips port.
88
8920181211:
90	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
91	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
92	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
93	or higher.
94
9520181211:
96	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
97	the time with these deamons has been obsolete for over a decade.
98
9920181126:
100	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
101	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
102	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
103	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
104
10520181123:
106	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
107	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
108	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
109
11020181115:
111	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
112	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
113	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
114	FreeBSD versions.
115
11620181110:
117	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
118	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
119	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
120
121	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
122	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
123	being included using the command:
124		$ newsyslog -Nrv
125
12620181015:
127	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
128	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
129	drm-legacy-kmod.
130
131	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
132	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
133	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
134	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
135	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
136	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
137	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
138	that as you will get better support.
139
140	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
141	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
142	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
143	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
144
145	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
146	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
147	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
148	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
149	shortly.
150
15120181012:
152	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
153	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
154	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
155	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
156	be adjusted as necessary.
157
15820181009:
159	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
160	additional various API changes througout the base system.  It is
161	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
162	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
163
16420181006:
165	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
166	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
167	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
168	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
169	encouraged.
170
17120181002:
172	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
173	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
174	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
175	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
176	nda device name.
177
17820180913:
179	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
180	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
181	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
182	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
183	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
184	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
185
18620180826:
187	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
188	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
189	default since FreeBSD-11.
190
19120180822:
192	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
193	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
194	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
195
19620180818:
197	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
198	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
199	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
200	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
201	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
202	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
203	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
204
205	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
206	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
207
20820180815:
209	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
210	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
211	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
212	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
213	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
214	may not be observed in a future release.
215
21620180808:
217	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
218	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
219	your environment.
220
22120180731:
222	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
223	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
224	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
225	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
226
22720180730:
228	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
229	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
230	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
231	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
232	runtime services.
233
23420180727:
235	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
236	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
237	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
238
23920180723:
240	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
241	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
242	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
243	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
244	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
245
24620180720:
247	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
248	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
249	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
250	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
251	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
252	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
253
25420180719:
255	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
256	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
257	setup a framebuffer for us to use, just add :
258	boot_serial=YES
259	boot_multicons=YES
260	in /boot/loader.conf
261	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
262	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
263	u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
264
26520180719:
266	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
267	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
268	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
269	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
270	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
271	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
272	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
273	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
274	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
275	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
276	by the ntpd user.
277
27820180717:
279	Big endian arm support has been removed.
280
28120180711:
282	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
283	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
284	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
285	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
286	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
287
28820180705:
289	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
290	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
291	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
292	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
293	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
294	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
295
29620180702:
297	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
298	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
299
30020180701:
301	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
302	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
303	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
304	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
305	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
306	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
307	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
308
30920180630:
310	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
311	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
312	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
313	or higher.
314
31520180628:
316	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
317	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
318	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
319	file.
320
32120180612:
322	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
323	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
324
32520180530:
326	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
327	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
328	longer necessary.
329
33020180530:
331	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
332	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
333	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
334	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
335
33620180523:
337	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
338	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
339	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
340	later than r334108.
341
34220180517:
343	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
344	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
345	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
346	it must be removed.
347
34820180510:
349	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
350	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
351	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
352	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
353	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
354	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
355	will go away.
356
357	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
358	workaround is necessary.
359
36020180508:
361	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
362	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was aquired by Exar and
363	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
364	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
365
36620180504:
367	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
368	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
369	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
370	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
371	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
372
37320180502:
374	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
375	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
376	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
377	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
378
37920180501:
380	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
381	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
382	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
383	be removed.
384
38520180413:
386	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
387	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
388	removed.
389
39020180411:
391	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
392	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
393	removed.
394
39520180406:
396	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
397	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
398	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
399	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
400	microseconds and time zone offsets.
401
402	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
403	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
404	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
405	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
406	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
407	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
408	adjustments, depending on the software used.
409
410	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
411	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
412
413		source src {
414			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
415		}
416
417	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
418	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
419	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
420
421		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
422
423	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
424	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
425	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
426	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
427	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
428	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
429	thus expected to continue to function as before.
430
431	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
432	change.
433
43420180328:
435	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
436	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
437	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
438
43920180323:
440	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
441	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
442	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
443	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
444	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
445	should be as simple as:
446
447		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
448		$ make depend all install
449
45020180212:
451	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
452	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
453	Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
454	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
455	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
456	provisions for backup boot methods.
457
45820180211:
459	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
460	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
461	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
462	imp@freebsd.org.
463
46420180114:
465	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
466	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
467	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
468	or higher.
469
47020180110:
471	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
472	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
473	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
474
475	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
476        WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
477
47820180110:
479	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
480	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
481	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
482	remove it from kernel config files.
483
48420180104:
485	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
486	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
487	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
488
489	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
490	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
491
49220180102:
493	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
494	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
495	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
496	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
497
49820171215:
499	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
500	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
501
50220171214:
503	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
504	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
505	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
506	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
507
50820171125:
509	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
510	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
511	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
512	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
513	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
514	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
515
51620171110:
517	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
518	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
519	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
520
52120171106:
522	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
523	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
524	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
525	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
526	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
527
52820171102:
529	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
530	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
531	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
532	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
533	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
534	environment.
535
53620171101:
537	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
538	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
539	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
540	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
541	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
542	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
543	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
544	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
545	than hardcoding paths.
546
54720171028:
548	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
549	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
550	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
551
55220171021:
553	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
554	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
555	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
556	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
557
55820171010:
559	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
560	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
561
56220171005:
563	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
564	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
565	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
566	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
567
56820171003:
569	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
570	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
571	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
572	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
573	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
574
57520170912:
576	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
577	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
578	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
579	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
580	/etc/ctl.conf .
581
58220170912:
583	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
584	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
585	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
586	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
587	soft-float everything else should be affected.
588
58920170826:
590	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
591	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
592
59320170825:
594	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
595	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
596	to complete.
597
59820170814:
599	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
600	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
601	${TESTSDIR}.
602
603	Behavioral changes:
604	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
605	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
606	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
607	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
608
609	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
610	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
611	sandbox if successful.
612
613	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
614	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
615	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
616	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
617	an unprivileged user.
618
61920170808:
620	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
621	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
622	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
623	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
624	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
625	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
626	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
627	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
628	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
629	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
630	to which you should answer yes.
631
63220170728:
633	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
634	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
635	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
636	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
637	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
638
63920170722:
640	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
641	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
642	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
643
64420170701:
645	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
646	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
647
64820170625:
649	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
650	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
651	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
652	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
653	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
654	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
655	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
656
65720170623:
658	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
659	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
660	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
661	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
662	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
663	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
664
66520170620:
666	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
667	if you require the GPL compiler.
668
66920170618:
670	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
671	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
672	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
673
67420170617:
675	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
676	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
677	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
678	followed.
679
68020170531:
681	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
682	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
683	from ports (and recommends to install it).
684	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
685	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
686	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
687
68820170524:
689	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
690	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
691	which only require one chipset support.
692
693	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
694
695	if_ath_load="YES"
696
697	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
698	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
699	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
700
701	If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
702	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
703
704	* load ath_hal
705	* load the chip modules in question
706	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
707	* load ath_main
708	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
709	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
710
711	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
712
71320170523:
714	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
715	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
716	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
717
718	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
719	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
720	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
721
722	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
723	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
724	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
725	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
726	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
727	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
728	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
729	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
730
73120170424:
732	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
733	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
734	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
735
73620170420:
737	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
738	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
739	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
740
74120170413:
742	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
743	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
744	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
745	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
746	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
747	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
748	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
749
75020170407:
751	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
752	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
753	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
754	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
755
75620170405:
757	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
758	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
759	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
760
76120170331:
762	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
763	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
764	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
765
76620170329:
767	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
768	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
769
770	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
771	via one of the following methods:
772	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
773	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
774	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
775	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
776
777	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
778
77920170316:
780	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
781	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
782	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
783	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
784	with mmc.ko).
785
78620170315:
787	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
788	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
789	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
790	be prefixed with colon.
791
79220170311:
793	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
794	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
795	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
796
79720170302:
798	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
799	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
800	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
801
80220170221:
803	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
804	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
805	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
806	change.
807
80820170216:
809	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
810	valid.
811
81220170215:
813	MCA bus support has been removed.
814
81520170127:
816	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
817	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
818
81920170112:
820	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
821	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
822
82320170109:
824	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
825	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
826	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
827	configuration.
828
82920161217:
830	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
831	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
832	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
833
83420161124:
835	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
836	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
837	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
838
83920161119:
840	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
841	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
842	that link against it need to be recompiled.
843
84420161030:
845	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
846	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
847	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
848	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
849
85020161017:
851	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
852	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
853	parts.
854	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
855	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
856
85720161015:
858	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
859	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
860	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
861	removed from base.
862
86320161008:
864	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
865	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
866	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
867
86820161003:
869	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
870	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
871
87220160924:
873	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
874	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
875	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
876	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
877
87820160918:
879	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
880	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
881	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
882	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
883	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
884
88520160918:
886	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
887
88820160908:
889	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
890	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
891	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
892	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
893
89420160824:
895	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
896	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
897	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
898	to 1200005.
899
90020160818:
901	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
902	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
903	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
904	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
905	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
906	0.
907
90820160818:
909	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
910	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
911
91220160708:
913	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
914
91520160622:
916	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
917	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
918	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
919	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
920	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
921	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
922	kernel.
923
92420160527:
925	CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
926	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
927	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
928	previously contained a line like
929	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
930	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
931	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
932	generally be fine.
933
93420160523:
935	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
936	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
937	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
938	built with the old headers.
939
94020160520:
941	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
942	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
943	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
944	installing a new libc.
945
94620160517:
947	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
948	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
949	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
950	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
951	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
952	packages will be needed.
953
954	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
955	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
956	and the install steps.
957
95820160510:
959	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
960	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
961	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
962	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
963	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
964	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
965
96620160414:
967	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
968	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
969	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
970	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
971	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
972
973		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
974		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
975		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
976		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
977		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
978
979	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
980	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
981	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
982	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
983	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
984	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
985	vendors work.
986
987	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
988	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
989		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
990	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
991	quirks entry to 0x3.
992
99320160330:
994	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
995	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
996	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
997
99820160317:
999	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
1000	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1001
100220160311:
1003	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1004	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1005	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1006	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1007	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1008	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
1009	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1010	stale .depend files.
1011
101220160306:
1013	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1014	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1015	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1016	rebooting, e.g.:
1017
1018	make buildworld
1019	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1020	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1021	make -C sys/boot install
1022	<reboot in single user>
1023
1024	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1025	below.
1026
102720160305:
1028	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
1029	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1030	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1031
103220160301:
1033	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
1034	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1035	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1036	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
1037	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1038	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1039
104020160226:
1041	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1042	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1043	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1044	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1045	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1046
104720160129:
1048	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
1049	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1050	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1051	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
1052	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1053
105420160119:
1055	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
1056	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1057
105820160113:
1059	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1060	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1061	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1062
106320151216:
1064	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1065	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1066	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1067	other loaders.
1068
106920151211:
1070	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1071	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1072	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1073	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1074	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1075	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1076
107720151207:
1078	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1079	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1080	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1081	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1082	in src.conf(5).
1083
108420151130:
1085	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1086	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1087	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1088
108920151108:
1090	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1091	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1092	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1093
1094	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1095	collation results will be different.
1096
1097	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1098	locales before running make installworld.
1099
1100	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1101
110220151030:
1103	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
1104	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1105
110620151020:
1107	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1108	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1109	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1110
111120151017:
1112	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1113	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1114	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
1115	and 'make -N' will not.
1116
111720151012:
1118	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1119	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1120	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
1121	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1122	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1123	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1124	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
1125	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1126
112720151011:
1128	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1129	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1130	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1131	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1132
113320151006:
1134	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1135	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1136	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1137
113820150924:
1139	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1140	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1141	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1142	userland debug files.
1143
1144	When using the supported kernel installation method the
1145	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1146	as is done with /boot/kernel.
1147
1148	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1149	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1150
115120150827:
1152	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1153	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1154	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1155	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1156	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1157	rc.d scripts in /etc.
1158
115920150827:
1160	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1161	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1162	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1163
116420150817:
1165	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1166	them, the kernel must have
1167
1168	device	random
1169	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
1170
1171	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1172	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1173	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1174	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1175
1176	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1177	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1178
117920150813:
1180	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1181	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1182	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1183
118420150810:
1185	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1186	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
1187	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1188	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1189
1190	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1191	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1192	difference with this change.
1193
1194	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1195	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1196	remove that workaround.
1197
119820150809:
1199	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1200	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1201	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1202	with:
1203
1204	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
1205
120620150806:
1207	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1208	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1209	loader.rc.local instead.
1210
121120150805:
1212	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1213	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1214	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1215
121620150728:
1217	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1218	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1219	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1220
1221	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1222	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1223
122420150706:
1225	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1226	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1227	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
1228	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
1229	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1230	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
1231	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1232	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1233	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
1234	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
1235	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1236	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1237
123820150630:
1239	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1240	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1241
1242	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1243	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1244	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1245
1246	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1247	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
1248
1249	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
1250	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1251	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1252
1253	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1254	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1255	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1256	and it is assumed you know what you need.
1257
1258	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1259	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1260	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1261	behaviour from your security subsystems.
1262
1263	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1264	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1265	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1266	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1267	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1268	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1269	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1270	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1271	will never happen.
1272
127320150623:
1274	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1275	entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1276
127720150616:
1278	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1279	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1280
128120150615:
1282	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1283	below has been committed in revision 284436.  The work
1284	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1285	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1286	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1287
128820150614:
1289	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1290	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1291	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1292	with Kyuafile and kyua.
1293
129420150614:
1295	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1296	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1297	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
1298	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1299	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
1300	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1301	2048 bit DH parameter by:
1302
1303	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1304	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1305	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1306	   replace it with '2'.
1307	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1308	   a file path, create a new file with:
1309		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1310	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1311		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1312	5. Restart sendmail:
1313		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1314
1315	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1316	updated.
1317
131820150604:
1319	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1320	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1321	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1322	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1323	5.x.
1324
1325	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1326
132720150525:
1328	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
1329	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1330	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1331
133220150521:
1333	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1334	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1335	and Pandaboard:
1336
1337	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1338	  same but content is different now
1339	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1340	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1341	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1342	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1343	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1344
134520150501:
1346	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1347	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1348	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1349
135020150423:
1351	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1352	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1353
135420150415:
1355	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1356	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1357
135820150416:
1359	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1360	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
1361	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1362
136320150324:
1364	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1365	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1366	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1367	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1368
136920150315:
1370	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
1371	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1372	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1373
137420150307:
1375	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1376	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1377	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1378	kernel before rebooting.
1379
138020150217:
1381	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1382	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
1383	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1384	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1385	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1386	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1387
138820150210:
1389	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1390	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1391	with the new kernel.
1392
139320150131:
1394	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1395	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1396	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1397
139820150118:
1399	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
1400	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
1401	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1402	are not already using 3.5.0.
1403
140420150107:
1405	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1406	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1407	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1408	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1409	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1410
141120150105:
1412	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1413	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
1414	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1415	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1416
141720150102:
1418	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1419	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1420
142120141231:
1422	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1423
1424	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1425	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
1426	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1427	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1428	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1429	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1430	later.
1431
1432	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1433	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1434	of the box.
1435
1436	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1437	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1438	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
1439	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1440
1441	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1442	the instructions for 9.x above.
1443
1444	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1445	default, and do not build clang.
1446
1447	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1448	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
1449	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1450
1451	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1452	the following are most likely to appear:
1453
1454	-Wabsolute-value
1455
1456	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1457	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1458	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1459	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
1460	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1461	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1462	  cast, or disable the warning.
1463
1464	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1465	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1466	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1467	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1468	  side-effects.
1469
1470	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1471	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
1472
1473	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1474	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
1475	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1476	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1477
1478	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
1479	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1480	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1481	unreachable could be optimized away.
1482
148320141222:
1484	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1485	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1486	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1487	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1488	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1489	the utilities will report errors.
1490
149120141121:
1492	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1493	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1494	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
1495	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1496	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1497	LOCAL_DIRS.
1498
149920141109:
1500	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1501	has been obsolete for a very long time.
1502
150320141104:
1504	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1505	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1506	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1507	drivers.
1508
1509	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1510	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1511	indicate what you need to do.
1512
1513	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1514	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1515	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1516
1517	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1518	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1519	  kern.vty=sc
1520
152120141102:
1522	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1523	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1524	execute it.
1525
152620141009:
1527	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1528	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1529	devel/gperf port.
1530
153120140923:
1532	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1533	contrib/pjdfstest .
1534
153520140922:
1536	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1537	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1538	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1539	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
1540	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1541	their next update cycle.
1542
154320140729:
1544	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1545	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1546	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1547	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1548	1.12.4_8 or newer.
1549
155020140723:
1551	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1552	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1553
155420140719:
1555	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1556	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1557	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
1558	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1559	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1560	new configuration.
1561
156220140709:
1563	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1564	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1565	them again.
1566	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1567
156820140708:
1569	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1570	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1571	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
1572	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1573	requires readline.
1574
157520140702:
1576	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1577	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1578	architecture.
1579
158020140701:
1581	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1582	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
1583	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1584	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1585	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1586
158720140629:
1588	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1589	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1590	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1591
159220140619:
1593	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1594	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1595	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1596
159720140606:
1598	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1599	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
1600	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1601	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
1602	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1603	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1604	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1605	"make installworld".
1606
1607	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1608	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1609	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1610	is run.
1611
1612	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1613	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1614	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1615	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1616	be removed during a clean upgrade.
1617
161820140512:
1619	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1620
162120140508:
1622	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1623	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1624	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
1625
162620140505:
1627	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1628	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1629	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1630	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1631	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1632	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1633	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1634	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1635	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1636	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1637	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1638	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1639
1640	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1641	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1642	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1643	as well.
1644
164520140430:
1646	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1647	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1648
164920140424:
1650	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1651	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1652	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1653	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1654	build hosts for older releases.
1655
1656	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1657	r276991, respectively.
1658
165920140418:
1660	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1661	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1662	will silently lack HESIOD.
1663
166420140405:
1665	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1666	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1667	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1668	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1669	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1670	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1671	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1672	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1673	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1674	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1675	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1676	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
1677
167820140306:
1679	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1680	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1681	with command line option -W.
1682
168320140226:
1684	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1685	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1686	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1687	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1688	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1689
169020140216:
1691	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1692
169320140216:
1694	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
1695	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1696
169720140212:
1698	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1699	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1700	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
1701	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1702	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1703
170420140204:
1705	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1706	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
1707	kernel is still highly recommended.
1708
170920140131:
1710	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1711	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
1712	capability mode support in kernel.
1713
171420140128:
1715	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1716	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1717	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1718	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1719	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1720
172120140110:
1722	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1723	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1724	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1725	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1726	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1727	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1728
172920131213:
1730	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1731	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1732	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1733	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1734	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1735	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1736	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1737	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1738	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1739
174020131108:
1741	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1742	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
1743	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1744	should change your settings to use the latter.
1745
174620131025:
1747	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1748	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
1749	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
1750	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
1751	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1752
175320131014:
1754	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1755	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1756	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1757	delete-old-libs":
1758	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1759	  or
1760	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1761
176220131010:
1763	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1764	revision r256279.
1765
1766COMMON ITEMS:
1767
1768	General Notes
1769	-------------
1770	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  While generally safe, there are
1771	sometimes problems using -j to upgrade.  If your upgrade fails with
1772	-j, please try again without -j.  From time to time in the past there
1773	have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld.  This
1774	is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1775	that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1776	several months have passed on the -current branch).
1777
1778	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1779	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1780	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1781	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1782	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1783
1784	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1785	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1786	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1787	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1788	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1789	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1790	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1791	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1792	an exception.
1793
1794	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1795	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1796	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1797	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1798
1799	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1800	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1801	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1802	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1803	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1804	should write them with this in mind.
1805
1806	ZFS notes
1807	---------
1808	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1809	these two steps:
1810
1811	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1812	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1813
1814	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1815
1816	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1817	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1818	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1819
1820	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1821
1822	To build a kernel
1823	-----------------
1824	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1825	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1826	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1827
1828	make kernel-toolchain
1829	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1830	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1831
1832	To test a kernel once
1833	---------------------
1834	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1835	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1836	debugging information) run
1837	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1838	nextboot -k testkernel
1839
1840	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1841	-----------------------------------------------------------
1842	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1843	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1844
1845	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1846	make buildworld
1847	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1848	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1849							[1]
1850	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1851	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1852	make installworld
1853	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1854	make delete-old					[6]
1855	<reboot>
1856
1857	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1858	--------------------------------------------------
1859	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1860	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1861	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1862	# size.
1863
1864	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1865	<boot into -stable>
1866	make buildworld
1867	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1868	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1869	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1870	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1871	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1872	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1873	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1874	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1875	<reboot into current>
1876	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1877	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1878	<reboot>
1879
1880
1881	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1882	----------------------------------------------
1883	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1884	make buildworld					[9]
1885	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
1886	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1887							[1]
1888	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1889	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1890	make installworld
1891	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1892	make delete-old					[6]
1893	<reboot>
1894
1895	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1896	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1897	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1898	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1899	the UPDATING entries.
1900
1901	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1902	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
1903	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1904	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1905	much fewer pitfalls.
1906
1907	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1908	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1909	system on reboot.
1910
1911	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1912		fsck -p
1913		mount -u /
1914		mount -a
1915		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
1916		cd src			# full path to source
1917		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
1918	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1919	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1920
1921	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
1922	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1923	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1924	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1925	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1926	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
1927	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1928
1929	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
1930	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1931	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
1932	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1933	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1934	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
1935
1936	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1937	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1938	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1939
1940	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
1941	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
1942	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
1943	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
1944	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
1945	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
1946	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
1947	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
1948
1949	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1950	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
1951	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
1952	for these as well.
1953
1954	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1955	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1956	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1957
1958	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1959	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
1960	warn if it is improperly defined.
1961FORMAT:
1962
1963This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1964breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1965list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1966If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1967to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1968
1969Copyright information:
1970
1971Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh.
1972
1973Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1974modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1975document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1976
1977THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1978IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1979WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1980DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1981INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1982(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1983SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1984HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1985STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1986IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1987POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1988
1989Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
1990this document.
1991
1992$FreeBSD$
1993