1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020210426: 31 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 32 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 33 need to be rebuilt from sources. 34 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 35 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 36 is not recommended. 37 3820210411: 39 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 40 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 41 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 42 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 43 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 44 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 45 4620210330: 47 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 48 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 49 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 50 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 51 5220210225: 53 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 54 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 55 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 56 5720210128: 58 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 59 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1400003 60 update. 61 6220210108: 63 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 64 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 65 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 66 since it was bumped so recently. 67 6820210107: 69 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 70 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 71 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 72 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 73 7420210105: 75 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 76 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 77 requires a clean build. 78 7920201223: 80 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 81 instructions can be found at 82 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 83 and other documents in that repo. 84 8520201216: 86 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 87 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 88 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 89 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 90 9120201215: 92 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 93 may be installed from ports or packages. 94 9520201124: 96 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 97 See ping(8) for details. 98 9920201108: 100 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 101 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 102 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 103 10420201030: 105 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 106 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 107 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 108 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 109 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 110 11120201026: 112 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 113 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 114 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 115 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 116 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 117 find. 118 11920200923: 120 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 121 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 122 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 123 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 124 125 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 126 command you want to un-auger the tree is 127 cd sys/amd64/conf 128 svn revert -R . 129 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 130 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 131 13220200824: 133 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 134 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 135 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 136 unless you want to use new features. 137 138 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 139 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 140 rebuilding world may fail. 141 142 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 143 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 144 145 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 146 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 147 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 148 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 149 15020200824: 151 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 152 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 153 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 154 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 155 15620200821: 157 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 158 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 159 sources. 160 16120200817: 162 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 163 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 164 16520200816: 166 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 167 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 168 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 169 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 170 17120200810: 172 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 173 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 174 from sources, so a version bump was done. 175 17620200807: 177 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 178 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 179 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 180 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 181 18220200729: 183 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 184 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 185 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 186 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 187 continue to function. 188 189 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 190 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 191 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 192 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 193 19420200627: 195 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 196 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 197 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 198 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 199 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 200 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 201 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 202 20320200625: 204 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 205 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 206 20720200613: 208 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 209 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 210 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 211 21220200604: 213 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 214 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 215 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 216 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 217 218 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 219 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 220 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 221 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 222 /root/.shrc. 223 22420200523: 225 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 226 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 227 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 228 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 229 23020200512: 231 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 232 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 233 23420200424: 235 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 236 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 237 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 238 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 239 be functional without closefrom(2). 240 24120200414: 242 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 243 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 244 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 245 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 246 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 247 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 248 24920200310: 250 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 251 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 252 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 253 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 254 25520200309: 256 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 257 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 258 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 259 26020200301: 261 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 262 26320200229: 264 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 265 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 266 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 267 26820200229: 269 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 270 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 271 27220200229: 273 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 274 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 275 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 276 ports or packages. 277 27820200220: 279 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 280 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 281 ncurses. 282 28320200217: 284 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 285 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 286 together with their new kernel. 287 28820200212: 289 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 290 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 291 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 292 293 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 294 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 295 29620200108: 297 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 298 linker for riscv64. 299 30020200107: 301 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 302 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 303 external toolchain package. 304 30520200104: 306 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 307 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 308 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 309 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 310 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 311 31220200102: 313 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 314 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 315 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 316 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 317 31820191226: 319 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 320 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 321 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 322 ABI. 323 32420191226: 325 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 326 32720191222: 328 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 329 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 330 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 331 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 332 33320191212: 334 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 335 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 336 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 337 33820191205: 339 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 340 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 341 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 342 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 343 differences between those included in the port and those included in 344 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 345 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 346 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 347 34820191120: 349 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 350 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 351 for automounting. 352 35320191107: 354 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 355 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 356 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 357 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 358 add superio to the set. 359 36020191021: 361 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 362 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 363 36420191021: 365 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 366 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 367 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 368 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 369 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 370 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 371 completely in the future. 372 37320191009: 374 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 375 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 376 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 377 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 378 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 379 will be removed from the list. 380 38120191009: 382 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 383 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 384 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 385 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 386 38720191003: 388 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 389 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 390 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 391 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 392 39320190913: 394 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 395 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 396 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 397 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 398 39920190823: 400 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 401 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 402 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 403 40420190727: 405 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 406 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 407 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 408 your scripts, because they had no effect. 409 410 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 411 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 412 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 413 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 414 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 415 41620190713: 417 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 418 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 419 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 420 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 421 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 422 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 423 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 424 42520190620: 426 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 427 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 428 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 429 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 430 43120190612: 432 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 433 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 434 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 435 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 436 43720190608: 438 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 439 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 440 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 441 44220190513: 443 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 444 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 445 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 446 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 447 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 448 avoid running into the limit. 449 45020190507: 451 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 452 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 453 45420190507: 455 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 456 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 457 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 458 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 459 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 460 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 461 46220190418: 463 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 464 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 465 entropy: 466 467 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 468 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 469 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 470 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 471 availability properties. 472 473 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 474 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 475 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 476 initial condition, if desired. 477 478 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 479 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 480 481 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 482 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 483 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 484 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 485 48620190416: 487 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 488 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 489 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 490 therefore unblocked). 491 49220190404: 493 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 494 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 495 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 496 is added to the command line. 497 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 498 not affected and should continue to work. 499 50020190320: 501 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 502 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 503 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 504 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 505 50620190304: 507 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 508 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 509 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 510 or higher. 511 51220190226: 513 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 514 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 515 kernel config. 516 51720190219: 518 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 519 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 520 migrating to the drm ports. 521 52220190131: 523 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 524 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 525 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 526 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 527 is loaded automatically. 528 52920190125: 530 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 531 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 532 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 533 kernel config files. 534 53520181230: 536 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 537 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 538 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 539 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 540 54120181220: 542 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 543 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 544 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 545 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 546 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect 547 most NFSv4 mounts. 548 54920181219: 550 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 551 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 552 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 553 554 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 555 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 556 557 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 558 removed from the mips port. 559 56020181211: 561 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 562 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 563 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 564 or higher. 565 56620181211: 567 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 568 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 569 57020181126: 571 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 572 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 573 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 574 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 575 57620181123: 577 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 578 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 579 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 580 58120181115: 582 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 583 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 584 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 585 FreeBSD versions. 586 58720181110: 588 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 589 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 590 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 591 592 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 593 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 594 being included using the command: 595 $ newsyslog -Nrv 596 59720181015: 598 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 599 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 600 drm-legacy-kmod. 601 602 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 603 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 604 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 605 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 606 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 607 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 608 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 609 that as you will get better support. 610 611 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 612 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 613 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 614 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 615 616 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 617 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 618 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 619 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 620 shortly. 621 62220181012: 623 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 624 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 625 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 626 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 627 be adjusted as necessary. 628 62920181009: 630 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 631 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 632 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 633 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 634 63520181006: 636 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 637 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 638 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 639 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 640 encouraged. 641 64220181002: 643 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 644 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 645 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 646 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 647 nda device name. 648 64920180913: 650 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 651 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 652 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 653 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 654 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 655 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 656 65720180826: 658 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 659 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 660 default since FreeBSD-11. 661 66220180822: 663 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 664 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 665 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 666 66720180818: 668 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 669 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 670 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 671 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 672 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 673 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 674 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 675 676 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 677 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 678 67920180815: 680 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 681 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 682 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 683 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 684 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 685 may not be observed in a future release. 686 68720180808: 688 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 689 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 690 your environment. 691 69220180731: 693 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 694 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 695 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 696 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 697 69820180730: 699 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 700 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 701 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 702 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 703 runtime services. 704 70520180727: 706 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 707 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 708 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 709 71020180723: 711 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 712 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 713 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 714 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 715 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 716 71720180720: 718 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 719 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 720 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 721 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 722 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 723 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 724 72520180719: 726 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 727 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 728 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 729 boot_serial=YES 730 boot_multicons=YES 731 in /boot/loader.conf 732 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 733 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 734 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 735 73620180719: 737 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 738 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 739 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 740 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 741 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 742 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 743 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 744 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 745 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 746 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 747 by the ntpd user. 748 74920180717: 750 Big endian arm support has been removed. 751 75220180711: 753 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 754 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 755 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 756 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 757 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 758 75920180705: 760 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 761 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 762 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 763 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 764 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 765 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 766 76720180702: 768 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 769 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 770 77120180701: 772 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 773 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 774 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 775 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 776 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 777 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 778 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 779 78020180630: 781 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 782 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 783 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 784 or higher. 785 78620180628: 787 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 788 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 789 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 790 file. 791 79220180612: 793 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 794 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 795 79620180530: 797 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 798 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 799 longer necessary. 800 80120180530: 802 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 803 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 804 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 805 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 806 80720180523: 808 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 809 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 810 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 811 later than r334108. 812 81320180517: 814 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 815 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 816 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 817 it must be removed. 818 81920180510: 820 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 821 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 822 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 823 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 824 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 825 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 826 will go away. 827 828 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 829 workaround is necessary. 830 83120180508: 832 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 833 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 834 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 835 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 836 83720180504: 838 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 839 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 840 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 841 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 842 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 843 84420180502: 845 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 846 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 847 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 848 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 849 85020180501: 851 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 852 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 853 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 854 be removed. 855 85620180413: 857 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 858 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 859 removed. 860 86120180411: 862 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 863 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 864 removed. 865 86620180406: 867 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 868 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 869 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 870 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 871 microseconds and time zone offsets. 872 873 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 874 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 875 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 876 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 877 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 878 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 879 adjustments, depending on the software used. 880 881 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 882 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 883 884 source src { 885 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 886 } 887 888 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 889 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 890 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 891 892 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 893 894 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 895 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 896 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 897 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 898 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 899 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 900 thus expected to continue to function as before. 901 902 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 903 change. 904 90520180328: 906 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 907 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 908 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 909 91020180323: 911 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 912 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 913 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 914 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 915 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 916 should be as simple as: 917 918 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 919 $ make depend all install 920 92120180212: 922 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 923 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 924 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 925 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 926 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 927 provisions for backup boot methods. 928 92920180211: 930 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 931 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 932 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 933 imp@freebsd.org. 934 93520180114: 936 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 937 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 938 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 939 or higher. 940 94120180110: 942 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 943 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 944 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 945 946 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 947 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 948 94920180110: 950 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 951 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 952 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 953 remove it from kernel config files. 954 95520180104: 956 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 957 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 958 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 959 960 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 961 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 962 96320180102: 964 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 965 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 966 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 967 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 968 96920171215: 970 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 971 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 972 97320171214: 974 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 975 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 976 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 977 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 978 97920171125: 980 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 981 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 982 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 983 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 984 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 985 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 986 98720171110: 988 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to 989 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 990 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 991 99220171106: 993 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 994 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 995 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 996 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 997 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 998 99920171102: 1000 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1001 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1002 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1003 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1004 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1005 environment. 1006 100720171101: 1008 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1009 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1010 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1011 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1012 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1013 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1014 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1015 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1016 than hardcoding paths. 1017 101820171028: 1019 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1020 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1021 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1022 102320171021: 1024 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1025 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1026 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1027 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1028 102920171010: 1030 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1031 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1032 103320171005: 1034 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1035 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1036 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1037 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1038 103920171003: 1040 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1041 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1042 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1043 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1044 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1045 104620170912: 1047 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1048 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1049 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1050 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1051 /etc/ctl.conf . 1052 105320170912: 1054 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1055 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1056 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1057 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1058 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1059 106020170826: 1061 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1062 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1063 106420170825: 1065 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1066 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1067 to complete. 1068 106920170814: 1070 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1071 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1072 ${TESTSDIR}. 1073 1074 Behavioral changes: 1075 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1076 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1077 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1078 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1079 1080 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1081 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1082 sandbox if successful. 1083 1084 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1085 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1086 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1087 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1088 an unprivileged user. 1089 109020170808: 1091 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1092 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1093 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1094 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1095 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1096 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1097 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1098 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1099 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1100 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1101 to which you should answer yes. 1102 110320170728: 1104 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1105 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1106 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1107 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1108 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1109 111020170722: 1111 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1112 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1113 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1114 111520170701: 1116 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1117 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1118 111920170625: 1120 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1121 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1122 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1123 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1124 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1125 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1126 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1127 112820170623: 1129 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1130 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1131 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1132 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1133 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1134 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1135 113620170620: 1137 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1138 if you require the GPL compiler. 1139 114020170618: 1141 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1142 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1143 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1144 114520170617: 1146 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1147 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1148 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1149 followed. 1150 115120170531: 1152 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1153 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1154 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1155 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1156 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1157 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1158 115920170524: 1160 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1161 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1162 which only require one chipset support. 1163 1164 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1165 1166 if_ath_load="YES" 1167 1168 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1169 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1170 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1171 1172 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS 1173 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1174 1175 * load ath_hal 1176 * load the chip modules in question 1177 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1178 * load ath_main 1179 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1180 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1181 1182 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1183 118420170523: 1185 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1186 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1187 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1188 1189 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1190 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1191 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1192 1193 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1194 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1195 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1196 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1197 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1198 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1199 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1200 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1201 120220170424: 1203 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1204 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1205 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1206 120720170420: 1208 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1209 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1210 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1211 121220170413: 1213 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1214 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1215 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1216 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1217 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1218 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1219 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1220 122120170407: 1222 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1223 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1224 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1225 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1226 122720170405: 1228 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1229 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1230 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1231 123220170331: 1233 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1234 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1235 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1236 123720170329: 1238 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1239 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1240 1241 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1242 via one of the following methods: 1243 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1244 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1245 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1246 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1247 1248 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1249 125020170316: 1251 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1252 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1253 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1254 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1255 with mmc.ko). 1256 125720170315: 1258 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1259 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1260 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1261 be prefixed with colon. 1262 126320170311: 1264 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1265 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1266 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1267 126820170302: 1269 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1270 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1271 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1272 127320170221: 1274 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1275 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1276 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1277 change. 1278 127920170216: 1280 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1281 valid. 1282 128320170215: 1284 MCA bus support has been removed. 1285 128620170127: 1287 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1288 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1289 129020170112: 1291 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1292 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1293 129420170109: 1295 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1296 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1297 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1298 configuration. 1299 130020161217: 1301 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1302 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1303 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1304 130520161124: 1306 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1307 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1308 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1309 131020161119: 1311 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1312 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1313 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1314 131520161030: 1316 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1317 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1318 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1319 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1320 132120161017: 1322 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1323 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1324 parts. 1325 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1326 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1327 132820161015: 1329 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1330 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1331 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1332 removed from base. 1333 133420161008: 1335 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1336 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1337 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1338 133920161003: 1340 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1341 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1342 134320160924: 1344 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1345 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1346 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1347 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1348 134920160918: 1350 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1351 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1352 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1353 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1354 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1355 135620160918: 1357 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1358 135920160908: 1360 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1361 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1362 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1363 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1364 136520160824: 1366 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1367 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1368 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1369 to 1200005. 1370 137120160818: 1372 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1373 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1374 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1375 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1376 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1377 0. 1378 137920160818: 1380 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1381 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1382 138320160708: 1384 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1385 138620160622: 1387 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 1388 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 1389 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 1390 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 1391 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 1392 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 1393 kernel. 1394 139520160527: 1396 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 1397 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 1398 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 1399 previously contained a line like 1400 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 1401 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 1402 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 1403 generally be fine. 1404 140520160523: 1406 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 1407 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 1408 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 1409 built with the old headers. 1410 141120160520: 1412 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 1413 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 1414 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 1415 installing a new libc. 1416 141720160517: 1418 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 1419 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 1420 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 1421 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 1422 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 1423 packages will be needed. 1424 1425 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 1426 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 1427 and the install steps. 1428 142920160510: 1430 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 1431 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 1432 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 1433 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 1434 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 1435 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 1436 143720160414: 1438 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 1439 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 1440 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 1441 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 1442 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 1443 1444 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 1445 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 1446 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 1447 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 1448 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 1449 1450 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 1451 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 1452 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 1453 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 1454 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 1455 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 1456 vendors work. 1457 1458 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 1459 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 1460 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 1461 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 1462 quirks entry to 0x3. 1463 146420160330: 1465 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 1466 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 1467 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 1468 146920160317: 1470 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 1471 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 1472 147320160311: 1474 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 1475 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 1476 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 1477 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 1478 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 1479 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 1480 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 1481 stale .depend files. 1482 148320160306: 1484 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 1485 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 1486 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 1487 rebooting, e.g.: 1488 1489 make buildworld 1490 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1491 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1492 make -C sys/boot install 1493 <reboot in single user> 1494 1495 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 1496 below. 1497 149820160305: 1499 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 1500 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1501 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1502 150320160301: 1504 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 1505 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 1506 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 1507 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 1508 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 1509 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 1510 151120160226: 1512 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 1513 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 1514 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 1515 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 1516 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 1517 151820160129: 1519 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 1520 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 1521 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 1522 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 1523 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 1524 152520160119: 1526 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 1527 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 1528 152920160113: 1530 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 1531 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 1532 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1533 153420151216: 1535 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 1536 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 1537 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 1538 other loaders. 1539 154020151211: 1541 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 1542 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 1543 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 1544 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 1545 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 1546 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 1547 154820151207: 1549 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 1550 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 1551 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 1552 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 1553 in src.conf(5). 1554 155520151130: 1556 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 1557 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 1558 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1559 156020151108: 1561 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 1562 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 1563 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 1564 1565 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 1566 collation results will be different. 1567 1568 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 1569 locales before running make installworld. 1570 1571 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 1572 157320151030: 1574 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 1575 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 1576 157720151020: 1578 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 1579 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 1580 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 1581 158220151017: 1583 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 1584 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 1585 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 1586 and 'make -N' will not. 1587 158820151012: 1589 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 1590 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 1591 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 1592 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 1593 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 1594 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 1595 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 1596 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 1597 159820151011: 1599 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 1600 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 1601 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 1602 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 1603 160420151006: 1605 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 1606 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1607 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1608 160920150924: 1610 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 1611 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 1612 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 1613 userland debug files. 1614 1615 When using the supported kernel installation method the 1616 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 1617 as is done with /boot/kernel. 1618 1619 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 1620 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 1621 162220150827: 1623 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 1624 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 1625 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 1626 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 1627 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 1628 rc.d scripts in /etc. 1629 163020150827: 1631 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 1632 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 1633 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 1634 163520150817: 1636 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 1637 them, the kernel must have 1638 1639 device random 1640 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 1641 1642 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 1643 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 1644 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 1645 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 1646 1647 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 1648 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 1649 165020150813: 1651 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1652 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 1653 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 1654 165520150810: 1656 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 1657 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 1658 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 1659 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 1660 1661 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 1662 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 1663 difference with this change. 1664 1665 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 1666 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 1667 remove that workaround. 1668 166920150809: 1670 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 1671 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 1672 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 1673 with: 1674 1675 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 1676 167720150806: 1678 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 1679 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 1680 loader.rc.local instead. 1681 168220150805: 1683 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 1684 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 1685 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 1686 168720150728: 1688 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 1689 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 1690 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 1691 1692 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 1693 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 1694 169520150706: 1696 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 1697 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 1698 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 1699 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 1700 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 1701 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 1702 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 1703 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 1704 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 1705 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 1706 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 1707 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 1708 170920150630: 1710 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 1711 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 1712 1713 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 1714 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 1715 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 1716 1717 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 1718 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 1719 1720 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 1721 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 1722 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 1723 1724 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 1725 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 1726 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 1727 and it is assumed you know what you need. 1728 1729 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 1730 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 1731 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 1732 behaviour from your security subsystems. 1733 1734 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 1735 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 1736 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 1737 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 1738 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 1739 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 1740 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 1741 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 1742 will never happen. 1743 174420150623: 1745 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 1746 entry below has been committed in revision 284717. 1747 174820150616: 1749 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 1750 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 1751 175220150615: 1753 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 1754 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work 1755 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 1756 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 1757 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 1758 175920150614: 1760 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 1761 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 1762 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 1763 with Kyuafile and kyua. 1764 176520150614: 1766 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 1767 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 1768 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 1769 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 1770 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 1771 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 1772 2048 bit DH parameter by: 1773 1774 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 1775 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 1776 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 1777 replace it with '2'. 1778 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 1779 a file path, create a new file with: 1780 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 1781 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 1782 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 1783 5. Restart sendmail: 1784 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 1785 1786 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 1787 updated. 1788 178920150604: 1790 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 1791 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 1792 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 1793 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 1794 5.x. 1795 1796 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 1797 179820150525: 1799 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 1800 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 1801 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1802 180320150521: 1804 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 1805 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 1806 and Pandaboard: 1807 1808 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 1809 same but content is different now 1810 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 1811 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 1812 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 1813 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 1814 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 1815 181620150501: 1817 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 1818 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 1819 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 1820 182120150423: 1822 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 1823 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 1824 182520150415: 1826 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 1827 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 1828 182920150416: 1830 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 1831 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 1832 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 1833 183420150324: 1835 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 1836 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 1837 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 1838 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 1839 184020150315: 1841 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 1842 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1843 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1844 184520150307: 1846 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1847 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 1848 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 1849 kernel before rebooting. 1850 185120150217: 1852 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 1853 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 1854 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 1855 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 1856 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 1857 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 1858 185920150210: 1860 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 1861 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 1862 with the new kernel. 1863 186420150131: 1865 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1866 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 1867 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 1868 186920150118: 1870 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 1871 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 1872 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 1873 are not already using 3.5.0. 1874 187520150107: 1876 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 1877 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 1878 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 1879 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 1880 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 1881 188220150105: 1883 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 1884 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 1885 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 1886 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 1887 188820150102: 1889 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 1890 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 1891 189220141231: 1893 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 1894 1895 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 1896 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 1897 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 1898 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 1899 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 1900 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 1901 later. 1902 1903 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 1904 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 1905 of the box. 1906 1907 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 1908 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 1909 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 1910 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 1911 1912 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 1913 the instructions for 9.x above. 1914 1915 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 1916 default, and do not build clang. 1917 1918 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 1919 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 1920 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 1921 1922 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 1923 the following are most likely to appear: 1924 1925 -Wabsolute-value 1926 1927 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 1928 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 1929 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 1930 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 1931 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 1932 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 1933 cast, or disable the warning. 1934 1935 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 1936 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 1937 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 1938 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 1939 side-effects. 1940 1941 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 1942 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 1943 1944 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 1945 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 1946 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 1947 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 1948 1949 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 1950 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 1951 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 1952 unreachable could be optimized away. 1953 195420141222: 1955 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 1956 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 1957 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 1958 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 1959 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 1960 the utilities will report errors. 1961 196220141121: 1963 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 1964 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 1965 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 1966 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 1967 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 1968 LOCAL_DIRS. 1969 197020141109: 1971 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 1972 has been obsolete for a very long time. 1973 197420141104: 1975 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 1976 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 1977 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 1978 drivers. 1979 1980 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 1981 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 1982 indicate what you need to do. 1983 1984 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 1985 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 1986 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 1987 1988 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 1989 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 1990 kern.vty=sc 1991 199220141102: 1993 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 1994 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 1995 execute it. 1996 199720141009: 1998 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 1999 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 2000 devel/gperf port. 2001 200220140923: 2003 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 2004 contrib/pjdfstest . 2005 200620140922: 2007 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 2008 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 2009 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 2010 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 2011 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 2012 their next update cycle. 2013 201420140729: 2015 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 2016 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 2017 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 2018 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 2019 1.12.4_8 or newer. 2020 202120140723: 2022 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 2023 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 2024 202520140719: 2026 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 2027 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 2028 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 2029 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 2030 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 2031 new configuration. 2032 203320140709: 2034 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 2035 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 2036 them again. 2037 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 2038 203920140708: 2040 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 2041 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 2042 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 2043 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 2044 requires readline. 2045 204620140702: 2047 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 2048 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 2049 architecture. 2050 205120140701: 2052 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 2053 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 2054 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 2055 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 2056 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 2057 205820140629: 2059 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 2060 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 2061 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 2062 206320140619: 2064 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 2065 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 2066 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 2067 206820140606: 2069 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 2070 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 2071 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 2072 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 2073 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 2074 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 2075 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 2076 "make installworld". 2077 2078 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 2079 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 2080 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 2081 is run. 2082 2083 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 2084 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 2085 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 2086 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 2087 be removed during a clean upgrade. 2088 208920140512: 2090 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 2091 209220140508: 2093 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 2094 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 2095 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 2096 209720140505: 2098 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 2099 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 2100 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 2101 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 2102 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 2103 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 2104 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 2105 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 2106 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 2107 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 2108 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 2109 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 2110 2111 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 2112 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 2113 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 2114 as well. 2115 211620140430: 2117 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 2118 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 2119 212020140424: 2121 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 2122 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 2123 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 2124 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 2125 build hosts for older releases. 2126 2127 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 2128 r276991, respectively. 2129 213020140418: 2131 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 2132 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 2133 will silently lack HESIOD. 2134 213520140405: 2136 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 2137 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 2138 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 2139 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 2140 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 2141 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 2142 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 2143 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 2144 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 2145 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 2146 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 2147 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 2148 214920140306: 2150 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 2151 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 2152 with command line option -W. 2153 215420140226: 2155 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 2156 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 2157 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 2158 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 2159 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 2160 216120140216: 2162 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 2163 216420140216: 2165 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 2166 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 2167 216820140212: 2169 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 2170 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 2171 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 2172 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 2173 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 2174 217520140204: 2176 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 2177 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 2178 kernel is still highly recommended. 2179 218020140131: 2181 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 2182 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 2183 capability mode support in kernel. 2184 218520140128: 2186 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 2187 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 2188 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 2189 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 2190 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 2191 219220140110: 2193 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 2194 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 2195 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 2196 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 2197 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 2198 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 2199 220020131213: 2201 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 2202 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 2203 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 2204 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 2205 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 2206 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 2207 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 2208 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 2209 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 2210 221120131108: 2212 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 2213 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 2214 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 2215 should change your settings to use the latter. 2216 221720131025: 2218 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 2219 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 2220 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 2221 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 2222 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 2223 222420131014: 2225 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 2226 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 2227 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 2228 delete-old-libs": 2229 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 2230 or 2231 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 2232 223320131010: 2234 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 2235 revision r256279. 2236 2237COMMON ITEMS: 2238 2239 General Notes 2240 ------------- 2241 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 2242 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 2243 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 2244 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 2245 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 2246 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 2247 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 2248 report a bug if it happens consistently. 2249 2250 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 2251 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 2252 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 2253 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 2254 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 2255 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 2256 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 2257 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 2258 an exception. 2259 2260 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 2261 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 2262 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 2263 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 2264 step. 2265 2266 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 2267 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 2268 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 2269 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 2270 2271 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 2272 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 2273 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 2274 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 2275 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 2276 should write them with this in mind. 2277 2278 ZFS notes 2279 --------- 2280 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 2281 these two steps: 2282 2283 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 2284 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 2285 2286 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 2287 2288 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the 2289 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 2290 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0" 2291 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if 2292 booting from EFI). 2293 2294 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 2295 2296 To build a kernel 2297 ----------------- 2298 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 2299 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 2300 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 2301 2302 make kernel-toolchain 2303 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2304 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2305 2306 To test a kernel once 2307 --------------------- 2308 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 2309 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 2310 debugging information) run 2311 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 2312 nextboot -k testkernel 2313 2314 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 2315 ----------------------------------------------------------- 2316 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 2317 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 2318 2319 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2320 make buildworld 2321 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2322 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2323 [1] 2324 <reboot in single user> [3] 2325 mergemaster -Fp [5] 2326 make installworld 2327 mergemaster -Fi [4] 2328 make delete-old [6] 2329 <reboot> 2330 2331 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 2332 -------------------------------------------------- 2333 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 2334 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 2335 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 2336 # size. 2337 2338 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2339 <boot into -stable> 2340 make buildworld 2341 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2342 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 2343 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 2344 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 2345 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 2346 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 2347 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 2348 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 2349 <reboot into current> 2350 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 2351 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 2352 <reboot> 2353 2354 2355 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 2356 ---------------------------------------------- 2357 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2358 make buildworld [9] 2359 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 2360 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2361 [1] 2362 <reboot in single user> [3] 2363 mergemaster -Fp [5] 2364 make installworld 2365 mergemaster -Fi [4] 2366 make delete-old [6] 2367 <reboot> 2368 2369 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 2370 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 2371 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 2372 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 2373 the UPDATING entries. 2374 2375 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 2376 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 2377 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 2378 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 2379 much fewer pitfalls. 2380 2381 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 2382 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 2383 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 2384 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 2385 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 2386 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 2387 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 2388 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 2389 and effective, eg: 2390 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 2391 2392 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 2393 fsck -p 2394 mount -u / 2395 mount -a 2396 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 2397 cd src # full path to source 2398 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 2399 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 2400 into single user mode to do the installworld. 2401 2402 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 2403 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 2404 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 2405 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 2406 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 2407 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 2408 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 2409 2410 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 2411 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 2412 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 2413 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 2414 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 2415 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 2416 2417 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 2418 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 2419 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 2420 2421 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 2422 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 2423 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 2424 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 2425 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 2426 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 2427 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 2428 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 2429 2430 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 2431 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 2432 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 2433 for these as well. 2434 2435 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 2436 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 2437 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 2438 2439 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 2440 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 2441 warn if it is improperly defined. 2442FORMAT: 2443 2444This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 2445breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 2446list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 2447If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 2448to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 2449 2450Copyright information: 2451 2452Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 2453 2454Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 2455modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 2456document are permitted without further permission from the author. 2457 2458THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 2459IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 2460WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 2461DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 2462INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 2463(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 2464SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 2465HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 2466STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 2467IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 2468POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 2469 2470Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 2471this document. 2472 2473$FreeBSD$ 2474