1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020230619: 31 To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf 32 filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered 33 locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets 34 delivered to lo0. To enable this feature: 35 36 sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1 37 service pf restart 38 39 When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not 40 filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule. 41 4220230613: 43 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now 44 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+ 45 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single 46 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't 47 already properly quoted or escaped. 48 4920230612: 50 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda. 51 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a 52 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1 53 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel 54 config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add 55 kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf. The default has been nda on 56 all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back, 57 please email imp@freebsd.org about why. 58 5920230422: 60 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree 61 using git instead. 62 6320230420: 64 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging 65 eg. 66 make buildworld-jobs 67 runs 68 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1 69 70 where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env. 71 7220230316: 73 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed. 74 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 75 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and 76 "device imx6_ipu" to it. 77 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 78 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it. 79 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't 80 exist anymore. 81 8220230221: 83 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 84 for details. 85 8620230206: 87 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 88 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 89 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 90 9120230204: 92 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 93 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 94 9520230130: 96 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 97 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 98 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 99 10020230126: 101 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 102 system are now built unconditionally. 103 10420230113: 105 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 106 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 107 10820221212: 109 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 110 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 111 112 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 113 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 114 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 115 11620221205: 117 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 118 to reenable sendmail(8): 119 120 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 121 122 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 123 12420221204: 125 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 126 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 127 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 128 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 129 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 130 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 131 132 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 133 13420221122: 135 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 136 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 137 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 138 13920221121: 140 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 141 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 142 14320221026: 144 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 145 for pkgbase users to do: 146 147 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 148 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 149 150 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 151 installed. 152 15320220610: 154 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 155 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 156 15720211230: 158 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 159 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 160 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 161 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 162 reflect this change. 163 16420211214: 165 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 166 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 167 16820211209: 169 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 170 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 171 the coming days and weeks. 172 173 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 174 or touch 175 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 176 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 177 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 178 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 179 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 180 18120211202: 182 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 183 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 184 statement in unbound.conf: 185 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 186 187 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 188 189 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 190 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 191 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 192 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 193 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 194 such names when roaming to different homenets. 195 19620211110: 197 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 198 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 199 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 200 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 201 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 202 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 203 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 204 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 205 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 206 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 207 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 208 20920211118: 210 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 211 tree shortly. 212 21320211106: 214 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 215 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 216 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 217 may need to be modified. 218 21920211022: 220 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 221 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 222 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 223 22420211020: 225 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 226 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 227 228 # chsh -s csh 229 23020211004: 231 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 232 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 233 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 234 this change. 235 23620210923: 237 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 238 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 239 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 240 list of modules to load on their systems. 241 24220210922: 243 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 244 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 245 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 246 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 247 24820210911: 249 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 250 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 251 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 252 being loaded. 253 25420210817: 255 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 256 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 257 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 258 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 259 application-specific configuration option for applications 260 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 261 26220210811: 263 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 264 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 265 26620210730: 267 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 268 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 269 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 270 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 271 27220210729: 273 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 274 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 275 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 276 27720210716: 278 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 279 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 280 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 281 28220210715: 283 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 284 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 285 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 286 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 287 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 288 to update your sources past the above hash and do 289 % cd usr.bin/awk 290 % make clean all 291 % sudo -E make install 292 to enable building kernels again. 293 29420210708: 295 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 296 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 297 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 298 29920210707: 300 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 301 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 302 30320210624: 304 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 305 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 306 for NFSv4 mounts. 307 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 308 30920210618: 310 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 311 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 312 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 313 additions and others. 314 31520210618: 316 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 317 renamed to "untrusted". 318 31920210611: 320 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 321 please install the svn package or port. 322 32320210611: 324 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 325 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 326 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 327 32820210610: 329 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 330 33120210608: 332 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 333 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 334https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 335 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 336 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 337 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 338 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 339 34020210525: 341 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 342 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 343 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 344 detect this. 345 34620210513: 347 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 348 libraries and utilities are packaged. 349 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 350 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 351 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 352 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 353 on the system. 354 35520210426: 356 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 357 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 358 need to be rebuilt from sources. 359 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 360 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 361 is not recommended. 362 36320210411: 364 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 365 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 366 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 367 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 368 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 369 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 370 37120210330: 372 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 373 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 374 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 375 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 376 37720210225: 378 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 379 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 380 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 381 38220210128: 383 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 384 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 385 update. 386 38720210108: 388 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 389 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 390 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 391 since it was bumped so recently. 392 39320210107: 394 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 395 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 396 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 397 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 398 39920210105: 400 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 401 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 402 requires a clean build. 403 40420201223: 405 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 406 instructions can be found at 407 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 408 and other documents in that repo. 409 41020201216: 411 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 412 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 413 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 414 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 415 41620201215: 417 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 418 may be installed from ports or packages. 419 42020201124: 421 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 422 See ping(8) for details. 423 42420201108: 425 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 426 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 427 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 428 42920201030: 430 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 431 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 432 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 433 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 434 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 435 43620201026: 437 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 438 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 439 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 440 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 441 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 442 find. 443 44420200923: 445 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 446 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 447 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 448 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 449 450 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 451 command you want to un-auger the tree is 452 cd sys/amd64/conf 453 svn revert -R . 454 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 455 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 456 45720200824: 458 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 459 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 460 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 461 unless you want to use new features. 462 463 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 464 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 465 rebuilding world may fail. 466 467 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 468 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 469 470 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 471 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 472 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 473 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 474 47520200824: 476 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 477 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 478 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 479 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 480 48120200821: 482 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 483 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 484 sources. 485 48620200817: 487 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 488 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 489 49020200816: 491 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 492 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 493 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 494 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 495 49620200810: 497 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 498 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 499 from sources, so a version bump was done. 500 50120200807: 502 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 503 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 504 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 505 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 506 50720200729: 508 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 509 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 510 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 511 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 512 continue to function. 513 514 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 515 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 516 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 517 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 518 51920200627: 520 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 521 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 522 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 523 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 524 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 525 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 526 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 527 52820200625: 529 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 530 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 531 53220200613: 533 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 534 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 535 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 536 53720200604: 538 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 539 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 540 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 541 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 542 543 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 544 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 545 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 546 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 547 /root/.shrc. 548 54920200523: 550 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 551 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 552 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 553 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 554 55520200512: 556 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 557 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 558 55920200424: 560 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 561 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 562 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 563 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 564 be functional without closefrom(2). 565 56620200414: 567 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 568 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 569 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 570 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 571 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 572 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 573 57420200310: 575 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 576 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 577 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 578 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 579 58020200309: 581 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 582 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 583 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 584 58520200301: 586 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 587 58820200229: 589 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 590 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 591 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 592 59320200229: 594 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 595 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 596 59720200229: 598 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 599 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 600 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 601 ports or packages. 602 60320200220: 604 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 605 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 606 ncurses. 607 60820200217: 609 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 610 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 611 together with their new kernel. 612 61320200212: 614 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 615 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 616 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 617 618 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 619 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 620 62120200108: 622 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 623 linker for riscv64. 624 62520200107: 626 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 627 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 628 external toolchain package. 629 63020200104: 631 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 632 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 633 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 634 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 635 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 636 63720200102: 638 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 639 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 640 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 641 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 642 64320191226: 644 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 645 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 646 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 647 ABI. 648 64920191226: 650 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 651 65220191222: 653 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 654 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 655 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 656 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 657 65820191212: 659 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 660 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 661 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 662 66320191205: 664 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 665 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 666 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 667 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 668 differences between those included in the port and those included in 669 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 670 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 671 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 672 67320191120: 674 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 675 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 676 for automounting. 677 67820191107: 679 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 680 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 681 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 682 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 683 add superio to the set. 684 68520191021: 686 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 687 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 688 68920191021: 690 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 691 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 692 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 693 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 694 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 695 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 696 completely in the future. 697 69820191009: 699 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 700 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 701 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 702 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 703 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 704 will be removed from the list. 705 70620191009: 707 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 708 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 709 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 710 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 711 71220191003: 713 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 714 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 715 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 716 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 717 71820190913: 719 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 720 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 721 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 722 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 723 72420190823: 725 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 726 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 727 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 728 72920190727: 730 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 731 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 732 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 733 your scripts, because they had no effect. 734 735 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 736 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 737 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 738 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 739 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 740 74120190713: 742 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 743 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 744 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 745 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 746 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 747 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 748 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 749 75020190620: 751 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 752 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 753 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 754 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 755 75620190612: 757 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 758 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 759 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 760 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 761 76220190608: 763 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 764 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 765 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 766 76720190513: 768 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 769 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 770 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 771 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 772 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 773 avoid running into the limit. 774 77520190507: 776 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 777 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 778 77920190507: 780 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 781 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 782 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 783 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 784 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 785 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 786 78720190418: 788 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 789 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 790 entropy: 791 792 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 793 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 794 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 795 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 796 availability properties. 797 798 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 799 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 800 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 801 initial condition, if desired. 802 803 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 804 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 805 806 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 807 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 808 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 809 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 810 81120190416: 812 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 813 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 814 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 815 therefore unblocked). 816 81720190404: 818 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 819 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 820 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 821 is added to the command line. 822 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 823 not affected and should continue to work. 824 82520190320: 826 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 827 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 828 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 829 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 830 83120190304: 832 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 833 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 834 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 835 or higher. 836 83720190226: 838 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 839 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 840 kernel config. 841 84220190219: 843 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 844 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 845 migrating to the drm ports. 846 84720190131: 848 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 849 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 850 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 851 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 852 is loaded automatically. 853 85420190125: 855 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 856 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 857 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 858 kernel config files. 859 86020181230: 861 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 862 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 863 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 864 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 865 86620181220: 867 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 868 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 869 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 870 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 871 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 872 most NFSv4 mounts. 873 87420181219: 875 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 876 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 877 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 878 879 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 880 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 881 882 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 883 removed from the mips port. 884 88520181211: 886 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 887 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 888 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 889 or higher. 890 89120181211: 892 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 893 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 894 89520181126: 896 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 897 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 898 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 899 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 900 90120181123: 902 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 903 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 904 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 905 90620181115: 907 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 908 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 909 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 910 FreeBSD versions. 911 91220181110: 913 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 914 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 915 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 916 917 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 918 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 919 being included using the command: 920 $ newsyslog -Nrv 921 92220181015: 923 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 924 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 925 drm-legacy-kmod. 926 927 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 928 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 929 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 930 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 931 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 932 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 933 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 934 that as you will get better support. 935 936 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 937 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 938 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 939 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 940 941 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 942 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 943 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 944 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 945 shortly. 946 94720181012: 948 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 949 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 950 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 951 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 952 be adjusted as necessary. 953 95420181009: 955 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 956 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 957 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 958 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 959 96020181006: 961 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 962 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 963 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 964 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 965 encouraged. 966 96720181002: 968 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 969 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 970 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 971 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 972 nda device name. 973 97420180913: 975 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 976 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 977 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 978 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 979 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 980 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 981 98220180826: 983 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 984 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 985 default since FreeBSD-11. 986 98720180822: 988 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 989 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 990 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 991 99220180818: 993 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 994 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 995 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 996 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 997 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 998 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 999 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 1000 1001 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 1002 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 1003 100420180815: 1005 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 1006 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 1007 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 1008 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 1009 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 1010 may not be observed in a future release. 1011 101220180808: 1013 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 1014 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 1015 your environment. 1016 101720180731: 1018 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 1019 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 1020 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 1021 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 1022 102320180730: 1024 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 1025 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 1026 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 1027 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 1028 runtime services. 1029 103020180727: 1031 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 1032 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 1033 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 1034 103520180723: 1036 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 1037 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 1038 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 1039 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 1040 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 1041 104220180720: 1043 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 1044 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 1045 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 1046 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 1047 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 1048 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 1049 105020180719: 1051 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1052 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1053 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1054 boot_serial=YES 1055 boot_multicons=YES 1056 in /boot/loader.conf 1057 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1058 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1059 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1060 106120180719: 1062 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1063 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1064 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1065 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1066 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1067 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1068 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1069 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1070 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1071 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1072 by the ntpd user. 1073 107420180717: 1075 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1076 107720180711: 1078 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1079 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1080 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1081 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1082 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1083 108420180705: 1085 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1086 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1087 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1088 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1089 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1090 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1091 109220180702: 1093 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1094 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1095 109620180701: 1097 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1098 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1099 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1100 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1101 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1102 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1103 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1104 110520180630: 1106 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1107 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1108 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1109 or higher. 1110 111120180628: 1112 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1113 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1114 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1115 file. 1116 111720180612: 1118 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1119 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1120 112120180530: 1122 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1123 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1124 longer necessary. 1125 112620180530: 1127 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1128 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1129 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1130 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1131 113220180523: 1133 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1134 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1135 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1136 later than r334108. 1137 113820180517: 1139 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1140 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1141 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1142 it must be removed. 1143 114420180510: 1145 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1146 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1147 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1148 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1149 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1150 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1151 will go away. 1152 1153 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1154 workaround is necessary. 1155 115620180508: 1157 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1158 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1159 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1160 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1161 116220180504: 1163 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1164 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1165 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1166 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1167 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1168 116920180502: 1170 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1171 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1172 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1173 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1174 117520180501: 1176 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1177 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1178 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1179 be removed. 1180 118120180413: 1182 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1183 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1184 removed. 1185 118620180411: 1187 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1188 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1189 removed. 1190 119120180406: 1192 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1193 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1194 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1195 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1196 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1197 1198 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1199 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1200 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1201 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1202 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1203 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1204 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1205 1206 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1207 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1208 1209 source src { 1210 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1211 } 1212 1213 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1214 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1215 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1216 1217 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1218 1219 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1220 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1221 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1222 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1223 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1224 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1225 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1226 1227 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1228 change. 1229 123020180328: 1231 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1232 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1233 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1234 123520180323: 1236 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1237 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1238 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1239 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1240 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1241 should be as simple as: 1242 1243 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1244 $ make depend all install 1245 124620180212: 1247 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1248 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1249 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1250 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1251 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1252 provisions for backup boot methods. 1253 125420180211: 1255 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1256 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1257 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1258 imp@freebsd.org. 1259 126020180114: 1261 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1262 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1263 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1264 or higher. 1265 126620180110: 1267 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1268 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1269 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1270 1271 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1272 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1273 127420180110: 1275 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1276 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1277 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1278 remove it from kernel config files. 1279 128020180104: 1281 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1282 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1283 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1284 1285 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1286 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1287 128820180102: 1289 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1290 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1291 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1292 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1293 129420171215: 1295 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1296 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1297 129820171214: 1299 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1300 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1301 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1302 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1303 130420171125: 1305 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1306 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1307 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1308 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1309 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1310 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1311 131220171110: 1313 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1314 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1315 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1316 131720171106: 1318 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1319 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1320 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1321 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1322 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1323 132420171102: 1325 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1326 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1327 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1328 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1329 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1330 environment. 1331 133220171101: 1333 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1334 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1335 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1336 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1337 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1338 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1339 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1340 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1341 than hardcoding paths. 1342 134320171028: 1344 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1345 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1346 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1347 134820171021: 1349 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1350 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1351 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1352 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1353 135420171010: 1355 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1356 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1357 135820171005: 1359 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1360 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1361 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1362 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1363 136420171003: 1365 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1366 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1367 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1368 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1369 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1370 137120170912: 1372 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1373 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1374 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1375 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1376 /etc/ctl.conf . 1377 137820170912: 1379 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1380 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1381 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1382 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1383 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1384 138520170826: 1386 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1387 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1388 138920170825: 1390 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1391 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1392 to complete. 1393 139420170814: 1395 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1396 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1397 ${TESTSDIR}. 1398 1399 Behavioral changes: 1400 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1401 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1402 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1403 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1404 1405 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1406 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1407 sandbox if successful. 1408 1409 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1410 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1411 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1412 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1413 an unprivileged user. 1414 141520170808: 1416 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1417 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1418 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1419 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1420 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1421 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1422 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1423 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1424 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1425 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1426 to which you should answer yes. 1427 142820170728: 1429 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1430 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1431 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1432 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1433 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1434 143520170722: 1436 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1437 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1438 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1439 144020170701: 1441 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1442 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1443 144420170625: 1445 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1446 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1447 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1448 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1449 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1450 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1451 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1452 145320170623: 1454 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1455 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1456 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1457 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1458 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1459 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1460 146120170620: 1462 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1463 if you require the GPL compiler. 1464 146520170618: 1466 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1467 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1468 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1469 147020170617: 1471 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1472 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1473 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1474 followed. 1475 147620170531: 1477 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1478 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1479 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1480 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1481 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1482 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1483 148420170524: 1485 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1486 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1487 which only require one chipset support. 1488 1489 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1490 1491 if_ath_load="YES" 1492 1493 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1494 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1495 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1496 1497 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 1498 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1499 1500 * load ath_hal 1501 * load the chip modules in question 1502 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1503 * load ath_main 1504 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1505 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1506 1507 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1508 150920170523: 1510 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1511 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1512 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1513 1514 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1515 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1516 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1517 1518 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1519 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1520 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1521 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1522 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1523 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1524 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1525 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1526 152720170424: 1528 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1529 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1530 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1531 153220170420: 1533 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1534 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1535 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1536 153720170413: 1538 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1539 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1540 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1541 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1542 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1543 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1544 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1545 154620170407: 1547 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1548 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1549 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1550 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1551 155220170405: 1553 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1554 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1555 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1556 155720170331: 1558 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1559 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1560 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1561 156220170329: 1563 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1564 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1565 1566 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1567 via one of the following methods: 1568 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1569 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1570 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1571 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1572 1573 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1574 157520170316: 1576 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1577 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1578 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1579 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1580 with mmc.ko). 1581 158220170315: 1583 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1584 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1585 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1586 be prefixed with colon. 1587 158820170311: 1589 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1590 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1591 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1592 159320170302: 1594 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1595 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1596 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1597 159820170221: 1599 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1600 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1601 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1602 change. 1603 160420170216: 1605 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1606 valid. 1607 160820170215: 1609 MCA bus support has been removed. 1610 161120170127: 1612 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1613 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1614 161520170112: 1616 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1617 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1618 161920170109: 1620 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1621 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1622 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1623 configuration. 1624 162520161217: 1626 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1627 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1628 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1629 163020161124: 1631 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1632 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1633 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1634 163520161119: 1636 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1637 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1638 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1639 164020161030: 1641 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1642 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1643 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1644 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1645 164620161017: 1647 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1648 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1649 parts. 1650 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1651 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1652 165320161015: 1654 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1655 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1656 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1657 removed from base. 1658 165920161008: 1660 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1661 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1662 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1663 166420161003: 1665 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1666 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1667 166820160924: 1669 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1670 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1671 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1672 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1673 167420160918: 1675 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1676 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1677 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1678 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1679 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1680 168120160918: 1682 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1683 168420160908: 1685 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1686 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1687 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1688 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1689 169020160824: 1691 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1692 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1693 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1694 to 1200005. 1695 169620160818: 1697 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1698 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1699 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1700 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1701 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1702 0. 1703 170420160818: 1705 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1706 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1707 170820160708: 1709 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1710 1711After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 1712from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 1713entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 1714UPDATING file. 1715 1716COMMON ITEMS: 1717 1718 General Notes 1719 ------------- 1720 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1721 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1722 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1723 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1724 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1725 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 1726 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 1727 report a bug if it happens consistently. 1728 1729 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1730 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1731 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1732 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1733 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1734 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1735 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1736 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1737 an exception. 1738 1739 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 1740 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 1741 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 1742 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 1743 step. 1744 1745 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1746 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1747 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1748 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1749 1750 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1751 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1752 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1753 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1754 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1755 should write them with this in mind. 1756 1757 ZFS notes 1758 --------- 1759 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 1760 always follow these three steps: 1761 1762 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1763 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1764 1765 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 1766 doing a zpool upgrade): 1767 1768 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 1769 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1770 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 1771 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 1772 1773 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 1774 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 1775 zpool upgrade. 1776 1777 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1778 1779 EFI notes 1780 --------- 1781 1782 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 1783 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 1784 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 1785 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 1786 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 1787 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 1788 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 1789 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 1790 1791 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 1792 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 1793 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 1794 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 1795 1796 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 1797 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 1798 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 1799 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 1800 1801 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 1802 1803 To build a kernel 1804 ----------------- 1805 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1806 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1807 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1808 1809 make kernel-toolchain 1810 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1811 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1812 1813 To test a kernel once 1814 --------------------- 1815 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1816 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1817 debugging information) run 1818 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1819 nextboot -k testkernel 1820 1821 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1822 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1823 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1824 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1825 1826 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1827 make buildworld 1828 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1829 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1830 [1] 1831 <reboot in single user> [3] 1832 etcupdate -p [5] 1833 make installworld 1834 etcupdate -B [4] 1835 make delete-old [6] 1836 <reboot> 1837 1838 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1839 -------------------------------------------------- 1840 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1841 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1842 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1843 # size. 1844 1845 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1846 <boot into -stable> 1847 make buildworld 1848 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1849 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1850 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1851 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1852 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1853 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1854 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1855 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1856 <reboot into current> 1857 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1858 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1859 <reboot> 1860 1861 1862 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1863 ---------------------------------------------- 1864 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1865 make buildworld [9] 1866 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1867 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1868 [1] 1869 <reboot in single user> [3] 1870 etcupdate -p [5] 1871 make installworld 1872 etcupdate -B [4] 1873 make delete-old [6] 1874 <reboot> 1875 1876 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1877 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1878 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1879 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1880 the UPDATING entries. 1881 1882 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1883 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1884 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1885 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1886 much fewer pitfalls. 1887 1888 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 1889 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 1890 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 1891 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 1892 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 1893 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 1894 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 1895 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 1896 and effective, eg: 1897 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 1898 1899 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1900 fsck -p 1901 mount -u / 1902 mount -a 1903 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 1904 cd src # full path to source 1905 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1906 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 1907 into single user mode to do the installworld. 1908 1909 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1910 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1911 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1912 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1913 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1914 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 1915 1916 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1917 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1918 step. 1919 1920 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1921 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1922 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1923 1924 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 1925 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 1926 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 1927 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 1928 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 1929 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 1930 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 1931 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 1932 1933 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1934 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 1935 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 1936 for these as well. 1937 1938 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1939 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1940 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1941 1942 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1943 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1944 warn if it is improperly defined. 1945FORMAT: 1946 1947This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1948breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1949list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1950If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1951to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1952 1953Copyright information: 1954 1955Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 1956 1957Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1958modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1959document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1960 1961THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1962IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1963WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1964DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1965INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1966(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1967SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1968HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1969STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1970IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1971POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1972 1973Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1974this document. 1975 1976$FreeBSD$ 1977