xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision aee253d8a7aea40189f8ca74138d6bed10948b1e)
1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 15.x IS SLOW:
16	FreeBSD 15.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
20	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
21	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
22	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
26	debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27	world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28	at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
29
3020230817:
31	Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has
32	been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry
33	practice and typcial firmware serial console redirection
34	configuration.
35
36	Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not
37	support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may
38	set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot
39	components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start
40	with the serial port at 115200.
41
4220230807:
43	Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus-
44	frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is
45	integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's
46	no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or
47	"device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration.
48
4920230803:
50	MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config.
51	Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt.
52
5320230724:
54	CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
55	to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
56	BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
57	for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
58	the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
59
6020230629:
61	The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
62	atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
63	change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
64	file a PR and assign it to imp.
65
6620230623:
67	OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
68	the base system.  It is important to rebuild third-party software
69	after upgrading.
70
7120230619:
72	To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
73	filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
74	locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
75	delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
76
77		sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
78		service pf restart
79
80	When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
81	filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
82
8320230613:
84	Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
85	follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
86	authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
87	quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
88	already properly quoted or escaped.
89
9020230612:
91	Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
92	nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
93	nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
94	in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
95	config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
96	kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf.  The default has been nda on
97	all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
98	please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
99
100	Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
101	migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
102
10320230422:
104	Remove portsnap(8).  Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
105	using git instead.
106
10720230420:
108	Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
109	eg.
110		make buildworld-jobs
111	runs
112		make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
113
114	where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
115
11620230316:
117	Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
118	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
119	IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
120	"device imx6_ipu" to it.
121	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
122	TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
123	If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
124	exist anymore.
125
12620230221:
127	Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
128	for details.
129
13020230206:
131	sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
132	Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
133	`X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
134
13520230204:
136	Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
137	to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
138
13920230130:
140	As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
141	to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
142	to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
143
14420230126:
145	The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
146	system are now built unconditionally.
147
14820230113:
149	LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
150	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
151
15220221212:
153	llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump.  Previously there was
154	no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
155
156	Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
157	GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
158	objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
159
16020221205:
161	dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta.  For people willing
162	to reenable sendmail(8):
163
164	$ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
165
166	and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
167
16820221204:
169	hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
170	default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
171	the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
172	the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
173	needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
174	the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
175
176	NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
177
17820221122:
179	pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
180	These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
181	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
182
18320221121:
184	The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed.  When Clang is enabled
185	it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
186
18720221026:
188	Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
189	for pkgbase users to do:
190
191	pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
192	  FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
193
194	after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
195	installed.
196
19720220610:
198	LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
199	before re-compiling to avoid errors.
200
20120211230:
202	The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
203	have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
204	Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
205	be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
206	reflect this change.
207
20820211214:
209	A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
210	themselves.  A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
211
21220211209:
213	Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
214	mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
215	the coming days and weeks.
216
217	This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
218	or touch
219		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
220		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
221		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
222		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
223	before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
224
22520211202:
226	Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
227	by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
228	statement in unbound.conf:
229		local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
230
231	Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
232
233	The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
234	Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
235	using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
236	to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
237	belongs.  Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
238	such names when roaming to different homenets.
239
24020211110:
241	Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
242	that any of the included congestion control modules could be
243	the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
244	was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
245	this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
246	control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
247	default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
248	The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
249	as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
250	kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
251	fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
252
25320211118:
254	Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
255	tree shortly.
256
25720211106:
258	Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
259	The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
260	of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
261	may need to be modified.
262
26320211022:
264	The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
265	The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
266	support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
267
26820211020:
269	sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user.  To force root to use
270	the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
271
272	# chsh -s csh
273
27420211004:
275	Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
276	with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
277	to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
278	this change.
279
28020210923:
281	As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
282	ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
283	users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
284	list of modules to load on their systems.
285
28620210922:
287	As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
288	new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
289	information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
290	audio/freebsd-13-mixer
291
29220210911:
293	As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
294	been deleted from the nfscommon.ko.  As such, nfsd.ko must be built
295	from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
296	being loaded.
297
29820210817:
299	As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
300	by default.  Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
301	option.  This can be enabled globally by using a custom
302	OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
303	application-specific configuration option for applications
304	which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
305
30620210811:
307	Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
308	modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
309
31020210730:
311	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
312	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
313	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
314	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
315
31620210729:
317	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
318	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
319	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
320
32120210716:
322	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
323	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
324	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
325
32620210715:
327	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
328	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
329	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
330	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
331	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
332	to update your sources past the above hash and do
333		% cd usr.bin/awk
334		% make clean all
335		% sudo -E make install
336	to enable building kernels again.
337
33820210708:
339	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
340	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
341	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
342
34320210707:
344	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
345	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
346
34720210624:
348	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
349	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
350	for NFSv4 mounts.
351	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
352
35320210618:
354	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
355	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
356	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
357	additions and others.
358
35920210618:
360	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
361	renamed to "untrusted".
362
36320210611:
364	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
365	please install the svn package or port.
366
36720210611:
368	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
369	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
370	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
371
37220210610:
373	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
374
37520210608:
376	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
377	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
378https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
379	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
380	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
381	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
382	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
383
38420210525:
385	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
386	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
387	committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
388	detect this.
389
39020210513:
391	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
392	libraries and utilities are packaged.
393	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
394	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
395	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
396	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
397	on the system.
398
39920210426:
400	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
401	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
402	need to be rebuilt from sources.
403	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
404	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
405	is not recommended.
406
40720210411:
408	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
409	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
410	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
411	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
412	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
413	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
414
41520210330:
416	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
417	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
418	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
419	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
420
42120210225:
422	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
423	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
424	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
425
42620210128:
427	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
428	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
429	update.
430
43120210108:
432	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
433	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
434	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
435	since it was bumped so recently.
436
43720210107:
438	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
439	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
440	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
441	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
442
44320210105:
444	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
445	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
446	requires a clean build.
447
44820201223:
449	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
450	instructions can be found at
451	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
452	and other documents in that repo.
453
45420201216:
455	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
456	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
457	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
458	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
459
46020201215:
461	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
462	may be installed from ports or packages.
463
46420201124:
465	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
466	See ping(8) for details.
467
46820201108:
469	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
470	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
471	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
472
47320201030:
474	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
475	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
476	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
477	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
478	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
479
48020201026:
481	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
482	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
483	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
484	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
485	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
486	find.
487
48820200923:
489	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
490	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
491	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
492	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
493
494	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
495	command you want to un-auger the tree is
496		cd sys/amd64/conf
497		svn revert -R .
498	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
499	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
500
50120200824:
502	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
503	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
504	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
505	unless you  want to use new features.
506
507	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
508	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
509	rebuilding world may fail.
510
511	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
512	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
513
514	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
515	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
516	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
517	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
518
51920200824:
520	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
521	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
522	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
523	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
524
52520200821:
526	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
527	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
528	sources.
529
53020200817:
531	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
532	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
533
53420200816:
535	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
536	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
537	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
538	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
539
54020200810:
541	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
542	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
543	from sources, so a version bump was done.
544
54520200807:
546	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
547	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
548	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
549	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
550
55120200729:
552	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
553	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
554	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
555	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
556	continue to function.
557
558	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
559	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
560	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
561	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
562
56320200627:
564	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
565	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
566	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
567	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
568	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
569	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
570	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
571
57220200625:
573	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
574	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
575
57620200613:
577	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
578	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
579	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
580
58120200604:
582	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
583	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
584	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
585	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
586
587	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
588	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
589	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
590	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
591	/root/.shrc.
592
59320200523:
594	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
595	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
596	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
597	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
598
59920200512:
600	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
601	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
602
60320200424:
604	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
605	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
606	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
607	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
608	be functional without closefrom(2).
609
61020200414:
611	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
612	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
613	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
614	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
615	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
616	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
617
61820200310:
619	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
620	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
621	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
622	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
623
62420200309:
625	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
626	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
627	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
628
62920200301:
630	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
631
63220200229:
633	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
634	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
635	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
636
63720200229:
638	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
639	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
640
64120200229:
642	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
643	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
644	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
645	ports or packages.
646
64720200220:
648	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
649	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
650	ncurses.
651
65220200217:
653	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
654	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
655	together with their new kernel.
656
65720200212:
658	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
659	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
660	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
661
662	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
663	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
664
66520200108:
666	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
667	linker for riscv64.
668
66920200107:
670	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
671	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
672	external toolchain package.
673
67420200104:
675	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
676	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
677	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
678	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
679	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
680
68120200102:
682	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
683	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
684	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
685	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
686
68720191226:
688	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
689	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
690	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
691	ABI.
692
69320191226:
694	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
695
69620191222:
697	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
698	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
699	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
700	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
701
70220191212:
703	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
704	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
705	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
706
70720191205:
708	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
709	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
710	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
711	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
712	differences between those included in the port and those included in
713	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
714	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
715	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
716
71720191120:
718	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
719	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
720	for automounting.
721
72220191107:
723	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
724	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
725	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
726	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
727	add superio to the set.
728
72920191021:
730	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
731	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
732
73320191021:
734	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
735	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
736	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
737	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
738	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
739	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
740	completely in the future.
741
74220191009:
743	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
744	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
745	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
746	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
747	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
748	will be removed from the list.
749
75020191009:
751	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
752	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
753	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
754	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
755
75620191003:
757	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
758	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
759	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
760	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
761
76220190913:
763	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
764	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
765	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
766	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
767
76820190823:
769	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
770	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
771	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
772
77320190727:
774	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
775	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
776	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
777	your scripts, because they had no effect.
778
779	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
780	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
781	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
782	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
783	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
784
78520190713:
786	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
787	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
788	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
789	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
790	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
791	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
792	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
793
79420190620:
795	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
796	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
797	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
798	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
799
80020190612:
801	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
802	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
803	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
804	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
805
80620190608:
807	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
808	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
809	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
810
81120190513:
812	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
813	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
814	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
815	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
816	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
817	avoid running into the limit.
818
81920190507:
820	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
821	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
822
82320190507:
824	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
825	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
826	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
827	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
828	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
829	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
830
83120190418:
832	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
833	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
834	entropy:
835
836	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
837	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
838	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
839	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
840	availability properties.
841
842	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
843	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
844	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
845	initial condition, if desired.
846
847	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
848	Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
849
850	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
851	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
852	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
853	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
854
85520190416:
856	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
857	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
858	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
859	therefore unblocked).
860
86120190404:
862	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
863	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
864	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
865	is added to the command line.
866	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
867	not affected and should continue to work.
868
86920190320:
870	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
871	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
872	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
873	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
874
87520190304:
876	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
877	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
878	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
879	or higher.
880
88120190226:
882	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
883	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
884	kernel config.
885
88620190219:
887	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
888	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
889	migrating to the drm ports.
890
89120190131:
892	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
893	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
894	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
895	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
896	is loaded automatically.
897
89820190125:
899	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
900	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
901	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
902	kernel config files.
903
90420181230:
905	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
906	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
907	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
908	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
909
91020181220:
911	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
912	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
913	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
914	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
915	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
916	most NFSv4 mounts.
917
91820181219:
919	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
920	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
921	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
922
923	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
924	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
925
926	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
927	removed from the mips port.
928
92920181211:
930	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
931	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
932	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
933	or higher.
934
93520181211:
936	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
937	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
938
93920181126:
940	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
941	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
942	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
943	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
944
94520181123:
946	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
947	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
948	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
949
95020181115:
951	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
952	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
953	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
954	FreeBSD versions.
955
95620181110:
957	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
958	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
959	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
960
961	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
962	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
963	being included using the command:
964		$ newsyslog -Nrv
965
96620181015:
967	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
968	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
969	drm-legacy-kmod.
970
971	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
972	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
973	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
974	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
975	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
976	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
977	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
978	that as you will get better support.
979
980	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
981	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
982	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
983	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
984
985	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
986	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
987	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
988	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
989	shortly.
990
99120181012:
992	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
993	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
994	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
995	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
996	be adjusted as necessary.
997
99820181009:
999	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
1000	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
1001	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
1002	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
1003
100420181006:
1005	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
1006	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
1007	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
1008	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
1009	encouraged.
1010
101120181002:
1012	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
1013	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
1014	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
1015	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
1016	nda device name.
1017
101820180913:
1019	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
1020	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
1021	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
1022	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1023	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1024	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1025
102620180826:
1027	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1028	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1029	default since FreeBSD-11.
1030
103120180822:
1032	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1033	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
1034	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1035
103620180818:
1037	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1038	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1039	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1040	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1041	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
1042	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1043	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1044
1045	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1046	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1047
104820180815:
1049	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1050	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1051	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1052	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1053	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1054	may not be observed in a future release.
1055
105620180808:
1057	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
1058	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1059	your environment.
1060
106120180731:
1062	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1063	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1064	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1065	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1066
106720180730:
1068	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1069	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1070	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1071	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1072	runtime services.
1073
107420180727:
1075	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1076	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1077	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1078
107920180723:
1080	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1081	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1082	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1083	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1084	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1085
108620180720:
1087	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1088	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1089	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1090	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1091	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1092	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1093
109420180719:
1095	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1096	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1097	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1098	boot_serial=YES
1099	boot_multicons=YES
1100	in /boot/loader.conf
1101	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1102	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1103	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1104
110520180719:
1106	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
1107	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1108	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1109	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1110	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1111	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1112	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1113	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1114	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1115	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1116	by the ntpd user.
1117
111820180717:
1119	Big endian arm support has been removed.
1120
112120180711:
1122	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1123	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
1124	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1125	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1126	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1127
112820180705:
1129	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1130	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1131	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
1132	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
1133	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1134	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1135
113620180702:
1137	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1138	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1139
114020180701:
1141	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1142	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1143	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1144	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1145	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1146	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1147	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1148
114920180630:
1150	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1151	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1152	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1153	or higher.
1154
115520180628:
1156	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1157	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1158	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1159	file.
1160
116120180612:
1162	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1163	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1164
116520180530:
1166	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1167	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1168	longer necessary.
1169
117020180530:
1171	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1172	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1173	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1174	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1175
117620180523:
1177	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1178	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1179	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1180	later than r334108.
1181
118220180517:
1183	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
1184	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1185	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1186	it must be removed.
1187
118820180510:
1189	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1190	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1191	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1192	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1193	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1194	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1195	will go away.
1196
1197	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1198	workaround is necessary.
1199
120020180508:
1201	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1202	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
1203	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
1204	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1205
120620180504:
1207	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
1208	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1209	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1210	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1211	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1212
121320180502:
1214	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
1215	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1216	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
1217	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1218
121920180501:
1220	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
1221	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1222	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1223	be removed.
1224
122520180413:
1226	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
1227	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1228	removed.
1229
123020180411:
1231	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
1232	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1233	removed.
1234
123520180406:
1236	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1237	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1238	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1239	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1240	microseconds and time zone offsets.
1241
1242	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1243	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1244	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1245	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1246	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1247	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1248	adjustments, depending on the software used.
1249
1250	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1251	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1252
1253		source src {
1254			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1255		}
1256
1257	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1258	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1259	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1260
1261		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1262
1263	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1264	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1265	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1266	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1267	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1268	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1269	thus expected to continue to function as before.
1270
1271	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1272	change.
1273
127420180328:
1275	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1276	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1277	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1278
127920180323:
1280	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1281	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1282	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1283	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1284	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1285	should be as simple as:
1286
1287		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1288		$ make depend all install
1289
129020180212:
1291	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1292	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1293	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1294	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1295	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1296	provisions for backup boot methods.
1297
129820180211:
1299	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1300	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1301	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1302	imp@freebsd.org.
1303
130420180114:
1305	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1306	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1307	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1308	or higher.
1309
131020180110:
1311	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1312	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1313	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1314
1315	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1316	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1317
131820180110:
1319	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1320	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1321	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1322	remove it from kernel config files.
1323
132420180104:
1325	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1326	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1327	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1328
1329	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1330	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1331
133220180102:
1333	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1334	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1335	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1336	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1337
133820171215:
1339	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1340	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1341
134220171214:
1343	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1344	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1345	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1346	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1347
134820171125:
1349	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1350	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1351	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1352	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1353	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1354	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1355
135620171110:
1357	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1358	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1359	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1360
136120171106:
1362	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1363	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
1364	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
1365	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1366	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1367
136820171102:
1369	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1370	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1371	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1372	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1373	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1374	environment.
1375
137620171101:
1377	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1378	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1379	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
1380	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1381	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1382	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1383	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1384	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1385	than hardcoding paths.
1386
138720171028:
1388	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1389	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1390	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1391
139220171021:
1393	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1394	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1395	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1396	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1397
139820171010:
1399	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1400	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1401
140220171005:
1403	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1404	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1405	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1406	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1407
140820171003:
1409	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1410	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1411	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1412	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1413	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1414
141520170912:
1416	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
1417	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1418	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
1419	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1420	/etc/ctl.conf .
1421
142220170912:
1423	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1424	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1425	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1426	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1427	soft-float everything else should be affected.
1428
142920170826:
1430	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
1431	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1432
143320170825:
1434	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1435	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1436	to complete.
1437
143820170814:
1439	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1440	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1441	${TESTSDIR}.
1442
1443	Behavioral changes:
1444	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1445	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1446	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1447	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1448
1449	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1450	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1451	sandbox if successful.
1452
1453	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1454	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1455	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1456	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1457	an unprivileged user.
1458
145920170808:
1460	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1461	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1462	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1463	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1464	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1465	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1466	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1467	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1468	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1469	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1470	to which you should answer yes.
1471
147220170728:
1473	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1474	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1475	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1476	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1477	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1478
147920170722:
1480	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1481	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1482	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1483
148420170701:
1485	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1486	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1487
148820170625:
1489	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
1490	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1491	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
1492	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1493	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
1494	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1495	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1496
149720170623:
1498	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1499	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1500	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1501	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1502	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1503	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1504
150520170620:
1506	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1507	if you require the GPL compiler.
1508
150920170618:
1510	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1511	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1512	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1513
151420170617:
1515	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1516	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
1517	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1518	followed.
1519
152020170531:
1521	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1522	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1523	from ports (and recommends to install it).
1524	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1525	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1526	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1527
152820170524:
1529	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1530	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
1531	which only require one chipset support.
1532
1533	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1534
1535	if_ath_load="YES"
1536
1537	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1538	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1539	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1540
1541	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1542	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1543
1544	* load ath_hal
1545	* load the chip modules in question
1546	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1547	* load ath_main
1548	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1549	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1550
1551	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1552
155320170523:
1554	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1555	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
1556	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1557
1558	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1559	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1560	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1561
1562	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1563	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
1564	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1565	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
1566	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1567	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1568	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1569	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1570
157120170424:
1572	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1573	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
1574	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1575
157620170420:
1577	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1578	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1579	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1580
158120170413:
1582	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1583	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1584	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1585	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1586	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1587	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1588	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1589
159020170407:
1591	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1592	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1593	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1594	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1595
159620170405:
1597	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1598	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
1599	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1600
160120170331:
1602	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1603	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1604	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1605
160620170329:
1607	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1608	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1609
1610	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1611	via one of the following methods:
1612	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1613	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1614	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1615	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1616
1617	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1618
161920170316:
1620	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1621	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1622	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1623	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1624	with mmc.ko).
1625
162620170315:
1627	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1628	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1629	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1630	be prefixed with colon.
1631
163220170311:
1633	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1634	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1635	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1636
163720170302:
1638	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1639	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1640	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1641
164220170221:
1643	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1644	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1645	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
1646	change.
1647
164820170216:
1649	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1650	valid.
1651
165220170215:
1653	MCA bus support has been removed.
1654
165520170127:
1656	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1657	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1658
165920170112:
1660	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1661	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1662
166320170109:
1664	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1665	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1666	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1667	configuration.
1668
166920161217:
1670	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1671	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1672	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1673
167420161124:
1675	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1676	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1677	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1678
167920161119:
1680	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1681	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
1682	that link against it need to be recompiled.
1683
168420161030:
1685	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1686	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1687	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1688	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1689
169020161017:
1691	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1692	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1693	parts.
1694	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1695	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1696
169720161015:
1698	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
1699	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1700	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1701	removed from base.
1702
170320161008:
1704	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1705	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1706	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1707
170820161003:
1709	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1710	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1711
171220160924:
1713	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1714	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
1715	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1716	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1717
171820160918:
1719	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
1720	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1721	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1722	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1723	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1724
172520160918:
1726	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1727
172820160908:
1729	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1730	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1731	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
1732	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1733
173420160824:
1735	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1736	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1737	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1738	to 1200005.
1739
174020160818:
1741	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1742	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1743	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
1744	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
1745	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1746	0.
1747
174820160818:
1749	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1750	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1751
175220160708:
1753	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1754
1755After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
1756from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
1757entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
1758UPDATING file.
1759
1760COMMON ITEMS:
1761
1762	General Notes
1763	-------------
1764	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1765	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1766	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1767	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1768	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1769	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
1770	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
1771	report a bug if it happens consistently.
1772
1773	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1774	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1775	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1776	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1777	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1778	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1779	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1780	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1781	an exception.
1782
1783	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
1784	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
1785	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
1786	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
1787	step.
1788
1789	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1790	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1791	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1792	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1793
1794	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1795	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1796	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1797	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1798	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1799	should write them with this in mind.
1800
1801	ZFS notes
1802	---------
1803	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
1804	always follow these three steps:
1805
1806	1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1807	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1808
1809	2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
1810	doing a zpool upgrade):
1811
1812	When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
1813	block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1814		gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
1815	The value $N will typically be 1.  For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
1816
1817	3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
1818	pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
1819	zpool upgrade.
1820
1821	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1822
1823	EFI notes
1824	---------
1825
1826	There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
1827	current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
1828	efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
1829	deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
1830	fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
1831	/boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
1832	ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
1833	the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
1834
1835	Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
1836	may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
1837	location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
1838	mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
1839
1840	The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
1841	however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
1842	root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
1843	since it does not automatically understand some new features.
1844
1845	See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
1846
1847	To build a kernel
1848	-----------------
1849	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1850	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1851	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1852
1853	make kernel-toolchain
1854	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1855	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1856
1857	To test a kernel once
1858	---------------------
1859	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1860	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1861	debugging information) run
1862	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1863	nextboot -k testkernel
1864
1865	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1866	-----------------------------------------------------------
1867	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1868	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1869
1870	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1871	make buildworld
1872	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1873	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1874							[1]
1875	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1876	etcupdate -p					[5]
1877	make installworld
1878	etcupdate -B					[4]
1879	make delete-old					[6]
1880	<reboot>
1881
1882	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1883	--------------------------------------------------
1884	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1885	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1886	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1887	# size.
1888
1889	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1890	<boot into -stable>
1891	make buildworld
1892	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1893	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1894	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1895	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1896	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1897	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1898	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1899	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1900	<reboot into current>
1901	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1902	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1903	<reboot>
1904
1905
1906	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1907	----------------------------------------------
1908	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1909	make buildworld					[9]
1910	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
1911	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1912							[1]
1913	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1914	etcupdate -p					[5]
1915	make installworld
1916	etcupdate -B					[4]
1917	make delete-old					[6]
1918	<reboot>
1919
1920	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1921	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1922	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1923	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1924	the UPDATING entries.
1925
1926	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1927	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
1928	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1929	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1930	much fewer pitfalls.
1931
1932	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
1933	them at this point so they don't crash your system on
1934	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
1935	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
1936	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
1937	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
1938	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
1939	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
1940	and effective, eg:
1941	     PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
1942
1943	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1944		fsck -p
1945		mount -u /
1946		mount -a
1947		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
1948		cd src			# full path to source
1949		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
1950	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
1951	into single user mode to do the installworld.
1952
1953	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
1954	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1955	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1956	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1957	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1958	for potential gotchas.  See etcupdate(8) for more information.
1959
1960	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
1961	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1962	step.
1963
1964	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1965	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1966	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1967
1968	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
1969	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
1970	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
1971	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
1972	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
1973	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
1974	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
1975	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
1976
1977	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1978	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
1979	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
1980	for these as well.
1981
1982	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1983	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1984	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1985
1986	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1987	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
1988	warn if it is improperly defined.
1989FORMAT:
1990
1991This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1992breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1993list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1994If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1995to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1996
1997Copyright information:
1998
1999Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2000
2001Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2002modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2003document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2004
2005THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2006IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2007WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2008DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2009INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2010(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2011SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2012HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2013STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2014IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2015POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2016
2017Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2018this document.
2019