1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook. 8 9Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 10/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 11 12NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW: 13 FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 14 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 15 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 16 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 17 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 18 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 19 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 20 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 21 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 22 machines to maximize performance. (To disable malloc debugging, run 23 ln -s aj /etc/malloc.conf.) 24 2520111101: 26 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 27 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 28 2920110930: 30 sysinstall has been removed 31 3220110923: 33 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 34 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 35 3620110913: 37 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash 38 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default. 39 The first time a system is booted after this change, the 40 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The 41 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles 42 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS. 43 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file 44 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots. 45 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf 46 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot. 47 4820110828: 49 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that 50 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared 51 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped. 52 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle. 53 5420110815: 55 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified. 56 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers -- 57 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver. 58 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041. 59 60 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the 61 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly. 62 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work. 63 6420110628: 65 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5. 66 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel. 67 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4) 68 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups. 69 7020110608: 71 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms: 72 machdep.hlt_cpus 73 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus 74 The following sysctl is retired: 75 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed 76 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and 77 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not 78 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler. 79 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore 80 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level. 81 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable, 82 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling 83 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and 84 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is 85 a default scheduler. 86 8720110607: 88 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe 89 a mask of CPUs. 90 9120110531: 92 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate 93 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to 94 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing 95 world. 96 9720110513: 98 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped 99 10020110503: 101 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer, 102 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4). 103 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet 104 drivers need to be recompiled. 105 106 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem 107 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs, 108 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific 109 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous 110 branches. 111 11220110430: 113 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci' 114 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'. 115 11620110427: 117 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs" 118 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs". 119 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland 120 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8) 121 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called 122 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the 123 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root 124 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use 125 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER. 126 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For 127 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like: 128 129 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:" 130 131 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make 132 a diskless root fs use the old client. 133 13420110424: 135 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new 136 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were 137 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using 138 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update 139 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY, 140 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type 141 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables, 142 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map 143 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic 144 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do 145 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers 146 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names. 147 148 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules, 149 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata 150 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata 151 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk 152 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode. 153 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices 154 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of 155 them are parts of the cam module. 156 157 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class. 158 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool 159 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX. 160 161 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem 162 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack. 163 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config: 164 options ATA_CAM 165 device ahci 166 device mvs 167 device siis 168 , and instead add back: 169 device atadisk # ATA disk drives 170 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives 171 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives 172 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives 173 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives 174 17520110423: 176 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which 177 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch 178 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on 179 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the 180 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an 181 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon. 182 18320110418: 184 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C 185 related components have been removed from the base system. If you 186 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports. 187 18820110331: 189 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains 190 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci 191 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb 192 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath 193 in order to use ath on everything else. 194 195 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only 196 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation. 197 19820110314: 199 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building 200 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read 201 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process. 202 20320110218: 204 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This 205 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new 206 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE 207 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new 208 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog 209 file in contrib/binutils for the full details. 210 21120110218: 212 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868 213 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication. 214 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all 215 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement 216 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for 217 authentication). 218 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC 219 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication. 220 22120110207: 222 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has 223 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be 224 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality 225 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri). 226 The function remains undocumented. 227 22820110112: 229 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers, 230 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking 231 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs 232 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older 233 systems where the define is not present can check against 234 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030. 235 236 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously 237 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible 238 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has 239 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog 240 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers 241 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030. 242 24320110103: 244 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get 245 the following warning: 246 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC 247 unknown. config(8) likely too old." 248 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system 249 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in 250 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and 251 install it on your system. 252 253 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from 254 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing 255 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old 256 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current. 257 25820101228: 259 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with 260 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP 261 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that 262 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to 263 be recompiled. 264 26520101114: 266 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been 267 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along 268 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted 269 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This 270 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise 271 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected 272 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in 273 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8) 274 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect 275 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with 276 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable 277 it, for example via: 278 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol 279 280 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting 281 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4), 282 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take 283 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the 284 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option 285 has to be used instead, for example like in the following: 286 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master 287 288 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY 289 drivers supporting 1000baseT. 290 29120101111: 292 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for 293 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of 294 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User 295 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. 296 sockstat) need to be recompiled. 297 29820101002: 299 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer 300 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to 301 migrate local entries to the new format. 302 30320100928: 304 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a 305 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and 306 upstream sshd. 307 30820100915: 309 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code, 310 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after 311 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel 312 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21). 313 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for 314 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules. 315 31620100913: 317 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into 318 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces. 319 320 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined 321 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value 322 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The 323 default is "AUTO". 324 325 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED 326 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no 327 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for 328 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all 329 interfaces by default, set this to "YES". 330 331 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to 332 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and 333 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer". 334 33520100913: 336 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is 337 now i386 and amd64 only. 338 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new 339 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap. 340 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable 341 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and 342 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want 343 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack). 344 34520100725: 346 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new 347 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file. 348 34920100722: 350 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by 351 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses 352 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase. 353 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly 354 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable 355 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor 356 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU 357 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work 358 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime, 359 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by 360 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob. 361 36220100713: 363 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel 364 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this: 365 machine powerpc powerpc 366 367 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels 368 after this change. 369 37020100713: 371 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD. 372 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands: 373 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace. 374 For full functionality of these commands the following port must 375 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs 376 37720100429: 378 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes. 379 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over 380 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size 381 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold 382 and vm_page_unhold to be updated. 383 38420100402: 385 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there 386 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also 387 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the 388 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions 389 WITH_CTF=yes"). 390 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored, 391 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead 392 to unwanted behavior. 393 39420100311: 395 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32 396 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel 397 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must 398 be modified accordingly. 399 40020100113: 401 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx, 402 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX. 403 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match, 404 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces. 405 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1), 406 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8). 407 408 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only 409 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these 410 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make 411 use of utmpx. 412 413 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old 414 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*), 415 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp 416 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have 417 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1). 418 41920100108: 420 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled 421 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the 422 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues. 423 42420091202: 425 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and 426 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed. 427 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc 428 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc 429 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw: 430 431 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6, 432 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6, 433 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6 434 435 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables. 436 43720091125: 438 8.0-RELEASE. 439 44020091113: 441 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed 442 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means 443 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct 444 operation of applications on the console. 445 446 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using 447 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration 448 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to 449 cons25. 450 451 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment 452 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being 453 performed by syscons(4). 454 45520091109: 456 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed. 457 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8)) 458 from net80211 need to be recompiled. 459 460 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world 461 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the 462 new structure. 463 46420091025: 465 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series. 466 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw" 467 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware 468 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for 469 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or 470 iwn5150fw. 471 47220090926: 473 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated 474 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following: 475 476 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF 477 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used. 478 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head. 479 480 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not 481 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases. 482 483 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but 484 they are obsolete. 485 486 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and 487 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead. 488 489 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and 490 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the 491 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility. 492 493 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6 494 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding 495 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag, 496 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8) 497 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details). 498 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the 499 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by 500 using ifconfig(8) like: 501 502 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled 503 504 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as 505 IPv6-preferred. 506 507 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO. 508 509 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages, 510 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8) 511 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes 512 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC 513 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration). 514 51520090922: 516 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the 517 previous code, which was based on D3.0. 518 51920090912: 520 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value 521 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to 522 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not. 523 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and 524 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value. 525 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags. 526 52720090910: 528 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for 529 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them. 530 53120090825: 532 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by 533 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be 534 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable 535 is 1000. 536 53720090813: 538 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only 539 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and 540 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64. 541 54220090803: 543 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 544 RELENG_8 branch in CVS. 545 54620090719: 547 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not 548 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump 549 __FreeBSD_version to 800105. 550 55120090714: 552 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support, 553 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change 554 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104. 555 55620090713: 557 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove 558 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. 559 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and 560 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks 561 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103. 562 56320090712: 564 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in 565 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst 566 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump 567 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of 568 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 569 57020090630: 571 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel 572 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations 573 may need to be adjusted. 574 57520090629: 576 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been 577 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using 578 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced 579 with routing sockets. 580 58120090628: 582 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook, 583 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under 584 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc. 585 58620090624: 587 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been 588 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel 589 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 590 800100. 591 59220090622: 593 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were 594 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump 595 __FreeBSD_version to 800099. 596 59720090619: 598 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024 599 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used, 600 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old 601 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with 602 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but 603 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage 604 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's 605 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did. 606 607 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is 608 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should 609 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported 610 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based 611 authentication method is used. 612 61320090616: 614 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This 615 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs 616 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag 617 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive 618 spinning when both held in write and read mode. 619 62020090613: 621 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has 622 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt. 623 62420090611: 625 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to 626 be rebuilt. 627 62820090608: 629 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed. 630 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097. 631 63220090602: 633 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be 634 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window. 635 63620090601: 637 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has 638 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be 639 re-compiled. 640 64120090601: 642 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network 643 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be 644 rebuilt. 645 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096. 646 64720090530: 648 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no 649 more valid. 650 65120090530: 652 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt. 653 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094. 654 65520090529: 656 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be 657 rebuilt. 658 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093. 659 66020090528: 661 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been 662 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic. 663 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags: 664 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has 665 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic. 666 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092. 667 66820090527: 669 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel. 670 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091. 671 67220090523: 673 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules 674 need to be rebuilt. 675 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090. 676 67720090523: 678 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please 679 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime. 680 68120090520: 682 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to 683 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases. 684 68520090520: 686 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed. 687 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead 688 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but 689 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes. 690 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088. 691 69220090430: 693 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid, 694 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet, 695 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or 696 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for 697 correctly checking networking state from userland. 698 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085. 699 70020090429: 701 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 702 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 703 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely 704 follows the IPv4 implementation. 705 706 For kernel developers: 707 708 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and 709 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK, 710 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 711 712 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering 713 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport 714 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and 715 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6. 716 717 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by 718 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences: 719 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter(). 720 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup() 721 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively. 722 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed. 723 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs 724 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to 725 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node 726 multicast membership on-link. 727 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters 728 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is 729 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface. 730 731 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has 732 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4 733 stack. 734 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships 735 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new 736 semantics. 737 738 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope() 739 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output(). 740 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an 741 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD. 742 743 For application developers: 744 745 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4 746 stack. 747 748 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same 749 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported. 750 751 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various 752 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface 753 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland 754 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment. 755 756 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM 757 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API 758 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information 759 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for 760 Multicast Source Filters'. 761 762 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine. 763 764 For systems administrators: 765 766 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in 767 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted 768 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility 769 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as 770 returned by getifaddrs(3). 771 772 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2 773 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3). 774 775 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable 776 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1 777 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is 778 recommended for optimal system performance. 779 780 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl 781 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping 782 back forwarded datagrams. 783 784 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084. 785 78620090422: 787 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API. 788 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083. 789 79020090419: 791 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new 792 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to 793 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced. 794 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081. 795 79620090415: 797 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2. 798 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection 799 state will require a world rebuild. 800 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080. 801 80220090415: 803 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules 804 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled. 805 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079. 806 80720090414: 808 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed. 809 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled. 810 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting 811 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful 812 load balancing. 813 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078. 814 81520090408: 816 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and 817 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will 818 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with 819 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but 820 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when 821 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while 822 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt, 823 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help. 824 82520090407: 826 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed; 827 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled. 828 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075. 829 83020090320: 831 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices, 832 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It 833 introduces some changes: 834 835 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries 836 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks 837 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified. 838 839 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most 840 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with 841 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole 842 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users. 843 844 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices 845 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file 846 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than 847 the "386BSD" type). 848 849 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812. 850 85120090319: 852 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows 853 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface 854 (supported by sane). 855 85620090319: 857 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1) 858 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters. 859 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and 860 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically 861 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'. 862 86320090315: 864 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been 865 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no 866 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device 867 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or 868 used. 869 87020090313: 871 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and 872 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added. 873 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and 874 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable. 875 87620090313: 877 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since 878 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added. 879 88020090309: 881 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged 882 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used. 883 884 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the 885 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(), 886 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex. 887 888 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering 889 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source 890 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose. 891 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject 892 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve 893 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input() 894 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed 895 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel. 896 897 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of 898 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this 899 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back 900 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may 901 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1 902 to preserve the existing behaviour. 903 904 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with 905 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended 906 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash 907 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the 908 transport protocol input path to check group membership. 909 910 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches, 911 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain 912 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced 913 via IGMP. 914 915 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be 916 recompiled to reflect this. 917 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070. 918 91920090309: 920 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system 921 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to 922 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to 923 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given 924 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for 925 libusb are no longer required and can be removed. 926 92720090302: 928 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared 929 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures. 930 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member 931 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is 932 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly 933 raised to allow such segments to be created. 934 93520090301: 936 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all 937 network device driver modules. 938 93920090227: 940 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a 941 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20. 942 94320090223: 944 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and 945 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci, 946 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name 947 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed. 948 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still 949 apply. 950 95120090217: 952 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to 953 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have 954 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to 955 use the new name. 956 95720090216: 958 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not 959 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then 960 add 961 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off" 962 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured 963 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf. 964 96520090215: 966 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2 967 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a 968 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB 969 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel 970 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over, 971 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi. 972 973 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be 974 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can 975 be used for this: 976 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack 977 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1 978 97920090209: 980 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN 981 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often 982 change usb chipsets in a product without notice. 983 98420090203: 985 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave 986 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified. 987 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified 988 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the 989 same interface. 990 99120090201: 992 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated. 993 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled. 994 99520090119: 996 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match 997 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8) 998 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is 999 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security 1000 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case, 1001 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config. 1002 100320090115: 1004 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel. 1005 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to 1006 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in 1007 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled. 1008 100920081225: 1010 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem. 1011 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated. 1012 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present 1013 in next mpd5.3 release. 1014 101520081219: 1016 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of 1017 the base system (it was a port). 1018 101920081216: 1020 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to 1021 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled. 1022 102320081214: 1024 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite. 1025 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated. 1026 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit 1027 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland 1028 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly. 1029 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and 1030 none of the L2 information. 1031 103220081130: 1033 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the 1034 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line: 1035 1036 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 1037 1038 to their kernel config files when specifying: 1039 1040 device ath_hal 1041 1042 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled 1043 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now 1044 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips 1045 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details. 1046 104720081121: 1048 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to 1049 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate 1050 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support 1051 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to 1052 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of 1053 packets. 1054 105520081117: 1056 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD. 1057 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by 1058 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots, 1059 and is the same as Solaris behavior. 1060 106120081028: 1062 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled. 1063 106420081009: 1065 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have 1066 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module 1067 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the 1068 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0 1069 controller add the following to loader.conf: 1070 1071 uhci_load="YES" 1072 ehci_load="YES" 1073 107420081009: 1075 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep 1076 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in 1077 sync. 1078 107920081009: 1080 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA 1081 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module. 1082 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules: 1083 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek, 1084 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron, 1085 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia, 1086 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia 1087 108820080820: 1089 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new 1090 implementation, which provides better scalability and an 1091 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to 1092 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following 1093 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer: 1094 1095 PCI/ISA: 1096 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio 1097 1098 USB: 1099 ubser, ucycom 1100 1101 Line disciplines: 1102 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp 1103 1104 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall 1105 cause compilation to fail. 1106 110720080818: 1108 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5. 1109 111020080801: 1111 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1. 1112 1113 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA 1114 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this 1115 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over 1116 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown 1117 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should 1118 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before 1119 accepting the RSA key. 1120 1121 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms" 1122 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh 1123 command line. 1124 1125 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for 1126 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to 1127 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this 1128 behavior. 1129 113020080713: 1131 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64 1132 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the 1133 default serial port driver on those platforms as well. 1134 1135 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver 1136 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the 1137 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0" 1138 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to 1139 use the new device names. 1140 1141 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update 1142 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel. 1143 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints 1144 at the loader prompt: 1145 1146 set hint.uart.0.at="isa" 1147 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8" 1148 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10" 1149 set hint.uart.0.irq="4" 1150 boot -s 1151 115220080609: 1153 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition 1154 disks instead. 1155 115620080603: 1157 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2 1158 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries 1159 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and 1160 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list. 1161 116220080525: 1163 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to 1164 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries. 1165 116620080509: 1167 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables. 1168 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2). 1169 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version, 1170 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel 1171 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16). 1172 117320080420: 1174 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss 1175 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device 1176 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are 1177 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files. 1178 For example, change: 1179 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP" 1180 to 1181 wlans_ath0=wlan0 1182 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP" 1183 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of 1184 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland 1185 and kernel wouldn't hurt either. 1186 1187 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta 1188 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references 1189 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed. 1190 119120080408: 1192 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level. 1193 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can 1194 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible 1195 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in 1196 other operation levels. 1197 119820080312: 1199 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To 1200 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may 1201 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure 1202 compatibility with any prior release: 1203 1204 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1 1205 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2 1206 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3 1207 120820080301: 1209 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm 1210 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the 1211 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively, 1212 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1). 1213 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world 1214 nonetheless. 1215 121620080229: 1217 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the 1218 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The 1219 split was done to make new features that are incompatible 1220 with older hardware easier to do. 1221 122220080220: 1223 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4), 1224 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM. 1225 122620080211: 1227 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for 1228 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS 1229 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your 1230 firewall rules. 1231 123220080208: 1233 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting 1234 mbuf chains. 1235 123620080126: 1237 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate 1238 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope 1239 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved 1240 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries 1241 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take 1242 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some 1243 third-party software might fail to build after this change 1244 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about 1245 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed 1246 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree. 1247 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely 1248 case that a portable fix is impossible. 1249 125020080123: 1251 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running 1252 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current 1253 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems. 1254 125520071128: 1256 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its 1257 functionality is the default now. 1258 125920071118: 1260 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on 1261 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun 1262 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have 1263 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven 1264 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.: 1265 1266 Option "XkbLayout" "us" 1267 Option "XkbRules" "xorg" 1268 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us" 1269 127020071024: 1271 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI 1272 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the 1273 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was 1274 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the 1275 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of 1276 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to 1277 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that 1278 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled 1279 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils 1280 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt 1281 however. 1282 128320071020: 1284 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed 1285 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already 1286 used kproc_start().. 1287 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while 1288 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs. 1289 Renaming corresponds with version 800002. 1290 129120071010: 1292 RELENG_7 branched. 1293 1294COMMON ITEMS: 1295 1296 General Notes 1297 ------------- 1298 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1299 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1300 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1301 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1302 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1303 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1304 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1305 1306 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1307 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1308 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1309 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1310 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1311 1312 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 1313 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 1314 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 1315 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 1316 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 1317 1318 ZFS notes 1319 --------- 1320 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1321 these two steps: 1322 1323 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1324 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1325 1326 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1327 1328 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1329 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0: 1330 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0" 1331 1332 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1333 1334 To build a kernel 1335 ----------------- 1336 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1337 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1338 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1339 1340 make kernel-toolchain 1341 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1342 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1343 1344 To test a kernel once 1345 --------------------- 1346 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1347 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1348 debugging information) run 1349 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1350 nextboot -k testkernel 1351 1352 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1353 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1354 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1355 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1356 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1357 1358 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1359 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1360 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1361 make depend 1362 make 1363 make install 1364 1365 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1366 1367 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1368 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1369 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1370 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1371 1372 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1373 make buildworld 1374 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1375 [1] 1376 <reboot in single user> [3] 1377 mergemaster -p [5] 1378 make installworld 1379 mergemaster -i [4] 1380 make delete-old [6] 1381 <reboot> 1382 1383 1384 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1385 -------------------------------------------------- 1386 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1387 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1388 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1389 # size. 1390 1391 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1392 <boot into -stable> 1393 make buildworld 1394 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1395 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1396 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1397 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1398 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1399 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1400 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1401 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1402 <reboot into current> 1403 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1404 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1405 <reboot> 1406 1407 1408 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current 1409 ---------------------------------------------- 1410 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1411 make buildworld [9] 1412 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1413 [1] 1414 <reboot in single user> [3] 1415 mergemaster -p [5] 1416 make installworld 1417 mergemaster -i [4] 1418 make delete-old [6] 1419 <reboot> 1420 1421 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1422 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1423 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1424 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1425 the UPDATING entries. 1426 1427 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1428 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1429 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1430 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1431 much fewer pitfalls. 1432 1433 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1434 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1435 system on reboot. 1436 1437 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1438 fsck -p 1439 mount -u / 1440 mount -a 1441 cd src 1442 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1443 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1444 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1445 1446 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1447 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1448 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1449 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1450 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1451 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1452 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1453 1454 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1455 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1456 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1457 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1458 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1459 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408. 1460 1461 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1462 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1463 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1464 1465 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1466 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1467 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1468 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1469 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1470 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1471 1472 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1473 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1474 1475 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1476 cvs prune empty directories. 1477 1478 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1479 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1480 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1481 1482 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1483 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1484 warn if it is improperly defined. 1485FORMAT: 1486 1487This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1488breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1489list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1490If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1491to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1492 1493Copyright information: 1494 1495Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1496 1497Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1498modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1499document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1500 1501THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1502IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1503WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1504DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1505INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1506(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1507SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1508HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1509STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1510IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1511POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1512 1513Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1514this document. 1515 1516$FreeBSD$ 1517