1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process 17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420181126: 35 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 36 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 37 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 38 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 39 4020181123: 41 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 42 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 43 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 44 4520181115: 46 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 47 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 48 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 49 FreeBSD versions. 50 5120181110: 52 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 53 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 54 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 55 56 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 57 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 58 being included using the command: 59 $ newsyslog -Nrv 60 6120181015: 62 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 63 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 64 drm-legacy-kmod. 65 66 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 67 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 68 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 69 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 70 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 71 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 72 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 73 that as you will get better support. 74 75 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 76 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 77 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap 78 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 79 80 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 81 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 82 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 83 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 84 shortly. 85 8620181012: 87 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 88 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 89 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 90 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 91 be adjusted as necessary. 92 9320181009: 94 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 95 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is 96 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 97 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 98 9920181006: 100 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 101 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 102 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 103 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 104 encouraged. 105 10620181002: 107 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 108 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 109 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 110 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 111 nda device name. 112 11320180913: 114 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 115 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 116 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 117 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 118 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 119 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 120 12120180826: 122 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 123 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 124 default since FreeBSD-11. 125 12620180822: 127 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 128 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 129 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 130 13120180818: 132 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 133 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 134 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 135 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 136 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 137 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 138 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 139 140 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 141 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 142 14320180815: 144 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 145 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 146 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 147 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 148 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 149 may not be observed in a future release. 150 15120180808: 152 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 153 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 154 your environment. 155 15620180731: 157 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 158 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 159 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 160 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 161 16220180730: 163 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 164 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 165 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 166 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 167 runtime services. 168 16920180727: 170 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 171 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 172 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 173 17420180723: 175 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 176 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 177 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 178 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 179 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 180 18120180720: 182 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 183 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 184 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 185 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 186 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 187 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 188 18920180719: 190 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 191 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 192 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add : 193 boot_serial=YES 194 boot_multicons=YES 195 in /boot/loader.conf 196 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 197 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that 198 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer. 199 20020180719: 201 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 202 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 203 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 204 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 205 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 206 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 207 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 208 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 209 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 210 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 211 by the ntpd user. 212 21320180717: 214 Big endian arm support has been removed. 215 21620180711: 217 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 218 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 219 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 220 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 221 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 222 22320180705: 224 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 225 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 226 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 227 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 228 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 229 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 230 23120180702: 232 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 233 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 234 23520180701: 236 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 237 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 238 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 239 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 240 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 241 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 242 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 243 24420180630: 245 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 246 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 247 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 248 or higher. 249 25020180628: 251 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 252 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 253 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file. 254 25520180612: 256 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 257 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 258 25920180530: 260 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 261 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 262 longer necessary. 263 26420180530: 265 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 266 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 267 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 268 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 269 27020180523: 271 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 272 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 273 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 274 later than r334108. 275 27620180517: 277 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 278 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 279 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 280 it must be removed. 281 28220180510: 283 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 284 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 285 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 286 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 287 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 288 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 289 will go away. 290 291 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 292 workaround is necessary. 293 29420180508: 295 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 296 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and 297 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 298 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 299 30020180504: 301 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 302 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 303 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 304 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 305 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 306 30720180502: 308 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 309 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 310 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 311 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 312 31320180501: 314 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 315 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 316 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 317 be removed. 318 31920180413: 320 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 321 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 322 removed. 323 32420180411: 325 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 326 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 327 removed. 328 32920180406: 330 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 331 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 332 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 333 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 334 microseconds and time zone offsets. 335 336 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 337 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 338 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 339 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 340 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 341 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 342 adjustments, depending on the software used. 343 344 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 345 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 346 347 source src { 348 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 349 } 350 351 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 352 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 353 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 354 355 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 356 357 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 358 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 359 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 360 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 361 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 362 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 363 thus expected to continue to function as before. 364 365 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 366 change. 367 36820180328: 369 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 370 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 371 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 372 37320180323: 374 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 375 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 376 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 377 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 378 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 379 should be as simple as: 380 381 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 382 $ make depend all install 383 38420180212: 385 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 386 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 387 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 388 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 389 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 390 provisions for backup boot methods. 391 39220180211: 393 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 394 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to 395 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org. 396 39720180114: 398 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 399 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 400 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 401 or higher. 402 40320180110: 404 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 405 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 406 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 407 408 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 409 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 410 41120180110: 412 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 413 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still 414 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it 415 from kernel config files. 416 41720180104: 418 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 419 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 420 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 421 422 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 423 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 424 42520180102: 426 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 427 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 428 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 429 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 430 43120171215: 432 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 433 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 434 43520171214: 436 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 437 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 438 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 439 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 440 44120171125: 442 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 443 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 444 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 445 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 446 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 447 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 448 44920171110: 450 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to 451 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 452 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 453 45420171106: 455 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 456 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 457 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 458 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 459 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 460 46120171102: 462 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 463 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 464 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 465 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 466 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 467 environment. 468 46920171101: 470 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 471 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 472 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 473 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 474 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 475 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 476 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 477 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 478 than hardcoding paths. 479 48020171028: 481 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 482 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 483 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 484 48520171021: 486 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 487 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 488 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 489 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 490 49120171010: 492 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 493 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 494 49520171005: 496 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 497 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 498 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 499 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 500 50120171003: 502 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 503 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 504 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 505 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 506 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 507 50820170912: 509 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 510 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 511 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 512 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 513 /etc/ctl.conf . 514 51520170912: 516 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 517 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 518 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 519 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 520 soft-float everything else should be affected. 521 52220170826: 523 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 524 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 525 52620170825: 527 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 528 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 529 to complete. 530 53120170814: 532 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 533 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 534 ${TESTSDIR}. 535 536 Behavioral changes: 537 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 538 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 539 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 540 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 541 542 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 543 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 544 sandbox if successful. 545 546 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 547 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 548 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 549 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 550 an unprivileged user. 551 55220170808: 553 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 554 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 555 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 556 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 557 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 558 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 559 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 560 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 561 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 562 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 563 to which you should answer yes. 564 56520170728: 566 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 567 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 568 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 569 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 570 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 571 57220170722: 573 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 574 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 575 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 576 57720170701: 578 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 579 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 580 58120170625: 582 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 583 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 584 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 585 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 586 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 587 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 588 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 589 59020170623: 591 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 592 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 593 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 594 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 595 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 596 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 597 59820170620: 599 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 600 if you require the GPL compiler. 601 60220170618: 603 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 604 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 605 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 606 60720170617: 608 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 609 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 610 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 611 followed. 612 61320170531: 614 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 615 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 616 from ports (and recommends to install it). 617 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 618 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 619 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 620 62120170524: 622 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 623 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 624 which only require one chipset support. 625 626 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 627 628 if_ath_load="YES" 629 630 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 631 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 632 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 633 634 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS 635 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 636 637 * load ath_hal 638 * load the chip modules in question 639 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 640 * load ath_main 641 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 642 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 643 644 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 645 64620170523: 647 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 648 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 649 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 650 651 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 652 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 653 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 654 655 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 656 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the 657 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild 658 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically, 659 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before 660 installing world. 661 66220170424: 663 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 664 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 665 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 666 66720170420: 668 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 669 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 670 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 671 67220170413: 673 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 674 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 675 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 676 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 677 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 678 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 679 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 680 68120170407: 682 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 683 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 684 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 685 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 686 68720170405: 688 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 689 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 690 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 691 69220170331: 693 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 694 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 695 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 696 69720170329: 698 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 699 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 700 701 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 702 via one of the following methods: 703 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 704 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 705 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 706 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 707 708 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 709 71020170316: 711 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 712 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 713 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 714 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 715 with mmc.ko). 716 71720170315: 718 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 719 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 720 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 721 be prefixed with colon. 722 72320170311: 724 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 725 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 726 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 727 72820170302: 729 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 730 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 731 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 732 73320170221: 734 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 735 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 736 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 737 change. 738 73920170216: 740 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 741 valid. 742 74320170215: 744 MCA bus support has been removed. 745 74620170127: 747 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 748 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 749 75020170112: 751 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 752 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 753 75420170109: 755 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 756 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 757 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration. 758 75920161217: 760 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 761 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 762 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 763 76420161124: 765 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 766 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 767 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 768 76920161119: 770 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 771 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 772 that link against it need to be recompiled. 773 77420161030: 775 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 776 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 777 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 778 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 779 78020161017: 781 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 782 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 783 parts. 784 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 785 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 786 78720161015: 788 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 789 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 790 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 791 removed from base. 792 79320161008: 794 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 795 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 796 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 797 79820161003: 799 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 800 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 801 80220160924: 803 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 804 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 805 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 806 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 807 80820160918: 809 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 810 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 811 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 812 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 813 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 814 81520160918: 816 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 817 81820160908: 819 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 820 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 821 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 822 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 823 82420160824: 825 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 826 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 827 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 828 to 1200005. 829 83020160818: 831 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 832 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 833 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 834 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 835 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 836 0. 837 83820160818: 839 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 840 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 841 84220160708: 843 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 844 84520160622: 846 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 847 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 848 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 849 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 850 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 851 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 852 kernel. 853 85420160527: 855 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 856 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 857 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 858 previously contained a line like 859 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 860 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 861 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 862 generally be fine. 863 86420160523: 865 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 866 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 867 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 868 built with the old headers. 869 87020160520: 871 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 872 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 873 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 874 installing a new libc. 875 87620160517: 877 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 878 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 879 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 880 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 881 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 882 packages will be needed. 883 884 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 885 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 886 and the install steps. 887 88820160510: 889 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 890 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 891 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 892 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 893 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 894 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 895 89620160414: 897 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 898 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 899 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 900 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 901 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 902 903 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 904 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 905 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 906 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 907 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 908 909 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 910 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 911 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 912 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 913 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 914 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 915 vendors work. 916 917 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 918 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 919 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 920 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 921 quirks entry to 0x3. 922 92320160330: 924 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 925 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 926 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 927 92820160317: 929 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 930 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 931 93220160311: 933 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 934 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 935 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 936 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 937 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 938 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 939 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 940 stale .depend files. 941 94220160306: 943 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 944 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 945 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 946 rebooting, e.g.: 947 948 make buildworld 949 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 950 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 951 make -C sys/boot install 952 <reboot in single user> 953 954 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 955 below. 956 95720160305: 958 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 959 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 960 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 961 96220160301: 963 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 964 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 965 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 966 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 967 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 968 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 969 97020160226: 971 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 972 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 973 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 974 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 975 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 976 97720160129: 978 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 979 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 980 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 981 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 982 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 983 98420160119: 985 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 986 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 987 98820160113: 989 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 990 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 991 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 992 99320151216: 994 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 995 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 996 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 997 other loaders. 998 99920151211: 1000 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 1001 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 1002 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 1003 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 1004 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 1005 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 1006 100720151207: 1008 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 1009 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 1010 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 1011 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 1012 in src.conf(5). 1013 101420151130: 1015 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 1016 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 1017 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1018 101920151108: 1020 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 1021 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 1022 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 1023 1024 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 1025 collation results will be different. 1026 1027 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 1028 locales before running make installworld. 1029 1030 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 1031 103220151030: 1033 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 1034 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 1035 103620151020: 1037 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 1038 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 1039 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 1040 104120151017: 1042 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 1043 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 1044 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 1045 and 'make -N' will not. 1046 104720151012: 1048 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 1049 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 1050 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 1051 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 1052 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 1053 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 1054 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 1055 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 1056 105720151011: 1058 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 1059 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 1060 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 1061 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 1062 106320151006: 1064 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 1065 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1066 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1067 106820150924: 1069 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 1070 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 1071 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 1072 userland debug files. 1073 1074 When using the supported kernel installation method the 1075 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 1076 as is done with /boot/kernel. 1077 1078 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 1079 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 1080 108120150827: 1082 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 1083 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 1084 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 1085 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 1086 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 1087 rc.d scripts in /etc. 1088 108920150827: 1090 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 1091 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 1092 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 1093 109420150817: 1095 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 1096 them, the kernel must have 1097 1098 device random 1099 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 1100 1101 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 1102 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 1103 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 1104 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 1105 1106 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 1107 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 1108 110920150813: 1110 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1111 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 1112 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 1113 111420150810: 1115 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 1116 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 1117 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 1118 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 1119 1120 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 1121 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 1122 difference with this change. 1123 1124 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 1125 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 1126 remove that workaround. 1127 112820150809: 1129 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 1130 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 1131 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 1132 with: 1133 1134 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 1135 113620150806: 1137 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 1138 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 1139 loader.rc.local instead. 1140 114120150805: 1142 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 1143 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 1144 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 1145 114620150728: 1147 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 1148 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 1149 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 1150 1151 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 1152 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 1153 115420150706: 1155 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 1156 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 1157 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 1158 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 1159 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 1160 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 1161 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 1162 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 1163 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 1164 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 1165 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 1166 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 1167 116820150630: 1169 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 1170 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 1171 1172 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 1173 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 1174 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 1175 1176 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 1177 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 1178 1179 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 1180 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 1181 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 1182 1183 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 1184 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 1185 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 1186 and it is assumed you know what you need. 1187 1188 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 1189 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 1190 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 1191 behaviour from your security subsystems. 1192 1193 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 1194 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 1195 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 1196 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 1197 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 1198 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 1199 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 1200 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 1201 will never happen. 1202 120320150623: 1204 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 1205 entry below has been committed in revision 284717. 1206 120720150616: 1208 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 1209 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 1210 121120150615: 1212 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 1213 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work 1214 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 1215 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 1216 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 1217 121820150614: 1219 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 1220 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 1221 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 1222 with Kyuafile and kyua. 1223 122420150614: 1225 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 1226 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 1227 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 1228 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 1229 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 1230 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 1231 2048 bit DH parameter by: 1232 1233 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 1234 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 1235 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 1236 replace it with '2'. 1237 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 1238 a file path, create a new file with: 1239 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 1240 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 1241 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 1242 5. Restart sendmail: 1243 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 1244 1245 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 1246 updated. 1247 124820150604: 1249 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 1250 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 1251 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 1252 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 1253 5.x. 1254 1255 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 1256 125720150525: 1258 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 1259 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 1260 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1261 126220150521: 1263 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 1264 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 1265 and Pandaboard: 1266 1267 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 1268 same but content is different now 1269 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 1270 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 1271 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 1272 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 1273 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 1274 127520150501: 1276 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 1277 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 1278 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 1279 128020150423: 1281 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 1282 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 1283 128420150415: 1285 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 1286 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 1287 128820150416: 1289 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 1290 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 1291 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 1292 129320150324: 1294 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 1295 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 1296 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 1297 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 1298 129920150315: 1300 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 1301 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1302 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1303 130420150307: 1305 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1306 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 1307 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 1308 kernel before rebooting. 1309 131020150217: 1311 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 1312 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 1313 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 1314 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 1315 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 1316 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 1317 131820150210: 1319 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 1320 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 1321 with the new kernel. 1322 132320150131: 1324 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1325 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 1326 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 1327 132820150118: 1329 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 1330 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 1331 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 1332 are not already using 3.5.0. 1333 133420150107: 1335 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 1336 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 1337 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 1338 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 1339 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 1340 134120150105: 1342 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 1343 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 1344 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 1345 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 1346 134720150102: 1348 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 1349 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 1350 135120141231: 1352 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 1353 1354 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 1355 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 1356 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 1357 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 1358 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 1359 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 1360 later. 1361 1362 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 1363 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 1364 of the box. 1365 1366 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 1367 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 1368 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 1369 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 1370 1371 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 1372 the instructions for 9.x above. 1373 1374 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 1375 default, and do not build clang. 1376 1377 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 1378 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 1379 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 1380 1381 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 1382 the following are most likely to appear: 1383 1384 -Wabsolute-value 1385 1386 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 1387 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 1388 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 1389 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 1390 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 1391 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 1392 cast, or disable the warning. 1393 1394 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 1395 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 1396 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 1397 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 1398 side-effects. 1399 1400 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 1401 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 1402 1403 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 1404 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 1405 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 1406 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 1407 1408 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 1409 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 1410 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 1411 unreachable could be optimized away. 1412 141320141222: 1414 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 1415 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 1416 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 1417 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 1418 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 1419 the utilities will report errors. 1420 142120141121: 1422 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 1423 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 1424 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 1425 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 1426 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 1427 LOCAL_DIRS. 1428 142920141109: 1430 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 1431 has been obsolete for a very long time. 1432 143320141104: 1434 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 1435 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 1436 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 1437 drivers. 1438 1439 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 1440 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 1441 indicate what you need to do. 1442 1443 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 1444 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 1445 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 1446 1447 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 1448 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 1449 kern.vty=sc 1450 145120141102: 1452 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 1453 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 1454 execute it. 1455 145620141009: 1457 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 1458 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 1459 devel/gperf port. 1460 146120140923: 1462 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 1463 contrib/pjdfstest . 1464 146520140922: 1466 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 1467 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 1468 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 1469 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 1470 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 1471 their next update cycle. 1472 147320140729: 1474 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 1475 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 1476 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 1477 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 1478 1.12.4_8 or newer. 1479 148020140723: 1481 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 1482 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 1483 148420140719: 1485 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 1486 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 1487 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 1488 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 1489 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 1490 new configuration. 1491 149220140709: 1493 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 1494 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 1495 them again. 1496 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 1497 149820140708: 1499 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 1500 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 1501 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 1502 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 1503 requires readline. 1504 150520140702: 1506 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 1507 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 1508 architecture. 1509 151020140701: 1511 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 1512 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 1513 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 1514 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 1515 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1516 151720140629: 1518 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 1519 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 1520 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 1521 152220140619: 1523 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 1524 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 1525 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 1526 152720140606: 1528 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 1529 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 1530 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 1531 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 1532 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 1533 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 1534 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 1535 "make installworld". 1536 1537 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 1538 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 1539 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 1540 is run. 1541 1542 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 1543 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 1544 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 1545 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 1546 be removed during a clean upgrade. 1547 154820140512: 1549 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 1550 155120140508: 1552 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 1553 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 1554 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 1555 155620140505: 1557 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 1558 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 1559 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 1560 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 1561 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 1562 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 1563 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 1564 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 1565 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 1566 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 1567 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 1568 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 1569 1570 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 1571 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 1572 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 1573 as well. 1574 157520140430: 1576 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 1577 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1578 157920140424: 1580 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 1581 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 1582 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 1583 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 1584 build hosts for older releases. 1585 1586 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 1587 r276991, respectively. 1588 158920140418: 1590 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 1591 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 1592 will silently lack HESIOD. 1593 159420140405: 1595 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 1596 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 1597 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 1598 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 1599 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 1600 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 1601 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 1602 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 1603 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 1604 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 1605 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 1606 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 1607 160820140306: 1609 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 1610 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 1611 with command line option -W. 1612 161320140226: 1614 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 1615 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 1616 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 1617 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 1618 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 1619 162020140216: 1621 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 1622 162320140216: 1624 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 1625 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 1626 162720140212: 1628 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 1629 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 1630 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 1631 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 1632 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 1633 163420140204: 1635 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 1636 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 1637 kernel is still highly recommended. 1638 163920140131: 1640 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 1641 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 1642 capability mode support in kernel. 1643 164420140128: 1645 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 1646 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 1647 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 1648 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 1649 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 1650 165120140110: 1652 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 1653 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 1654 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 1655 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 1656 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 1657 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 1658 165920131213: 1660 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 1661 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 1662 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 1663 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 1664 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 1665 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 1666 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 1667 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 1668 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 1669 167020131108: 1671 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 1672 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 1673 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 1674 should change your settings to use the latter. 1675 167620131025: 1677 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 1678 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 1679 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 1680 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 1681 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 1682 168320131014: 1684 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 1685 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 1686 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 1687 delete-old-libs": 1688 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 1689 or 1690 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 1691 169220131010: 1693 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 1694 revision r256279. 1695 1696COMMON ITEMS: 1697 1698 General Notes 1699 ------------- 1700 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1701 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1702 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1703 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1704 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1705 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1706 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1707 1708 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1709 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1710 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1711 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1712 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1713 1714 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1715 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1716 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1717 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1718 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1719 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1720 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1721 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1722 an exception. 1723 1724 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1725 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1726 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1727 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1728 1729 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1730 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1731 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1732 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1733 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1734 should write them with this in mind. 1735 1736 ZFS notes 1737 --------- 1738 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1739 these two steps: 1740 1741 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1742 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1743 1744 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1745 1746 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1747 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1748 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 1749 1750 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1751 1752 To build a kernel 1753 ----------------- 1754 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1755 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1756 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1757 1758 make kernel-toolchain 1759 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1760 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1761 1762 To test a kernel once 1763 --------------------- 1764 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1765 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1766 debugging information) run 1767 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1768 nextboot -k testkernel 1769 1770 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1771 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1772 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1773 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1774 1775 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1776 make buildworld 1777 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1778 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1779 [1] 1780 <reboot in single user> [3] 1781 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1782 make installworld 1783 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1784 make delete-old [6] 1785 <reboot> 1786 1787 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1788 -------------------------------------------------- 1789 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1790 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1791 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1792 # size. 1793 1794 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1795 <boot into -stable> 1796 make buildworld 1797 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1798 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1799 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1800 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1801 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1802 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1803 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1804 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1805 <reboot into current> 1806 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1807 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1808 <reboot> 1809 1810 1811 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1812 ---------------------------------------------- 1813 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1814 make buildworld [9] 1815 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1816 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1817 [1] 1818 <reboot in single user> [3] 1819 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1820 make installworld 1821 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1822 make delete-old [6] 1823 <reboot> 1824 1825 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1826 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1827 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1828 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1829 the UPDATING entries. 1830 1831 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1832 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1833 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1834 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1835 much fewer pitfalls. 1836 1837 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1838 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1839 system on reboot. 1840 1841 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1842 fsck -p 1843 mount -u / 1844 mount -a 1845 cd src 1846 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1847 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1848 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1849 1850 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1851 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1852 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1853 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1854 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1855 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1856 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1857 1858 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1859 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1860 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1861 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1862 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1863 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1864 1865 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1866 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1867 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1868 1869 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1870 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1871 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1872 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1873 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1874 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1875 1876 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1877 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1878 1879 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1880 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1881 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1882 1883 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1884 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1885 warn if it is improperly defined. 1886FORMAT: 1887 1888This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1889breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1890list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1891If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1892to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1893 1894Copyright information: 1895 1896Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1897 1898Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1899modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1900document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1901 1902THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1903IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1904WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1905DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1906INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1907(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1908SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1909HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1910STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1911IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1912POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1913 1914Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1915this document. 1916 1917$FreeBSD$ 1918