xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision a3d4ae7cf351cc283a670d8400a89518a6b31d63)
1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 15.x IS SLOW:
16	FreeBSD 15.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
20	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
21	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
22	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
26	debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27	world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28	at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
29
3020250725:
31	gssd(8) has been moved to a new package, FreeBSD-gssd.  If you use
32	pkgbase and you need gssd, you should install this package.
33
3420250724:
35	The Kerberos packages which are built when WITH_MITKRB5 is enabled
36	have been renamed from FreeBSD-krb5* to FreeBSD-kerberos*.  This
37	affects pkgbase users who manually enabled WITH_MITKRB5, *or* use
38	the default value of WITH_MITKRB5 and updated past c7da9fb90b0b
39	(20250721) which made WITH_MITKRB5 the default.
40
41	In either case, if you have FreeBSD-krb5* packages installed, you
42	should remove them and (re)install the equivalent FreeBSD-kerberos*
43	packages instead.
44
4520250721:
46	WITH_MITKRB5 is now enabled by default. MIT KRB5 has replaced
47	Heimdal in base. Ports that use USES=gssapi must be rebuilt.
48	A clean buildworld is required.
49
5020250719:
51	Commits 392a82b225 and c00baac0ab both changed the
52	internal API between the NFS modules.  As such, all
53	these modules need to be rebuilt from sources.
54	__FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1500053 for this.
55
5620250710:
57	The shar(1) utility has been removed from base.  The
58	sysutils/freebsd-shar port was created to maintain this version of
59	shar(1) past its removal from base.
60
6120250704:
62	LinuxKPI device.h and acpi changes effecting drivers and drm-kmod.
63	Bump __FreeBSD_version 1500050 to be able to detect these changes.
64
6520250630:
66	Commits 171f66b0c2ca and 8e2a90ac8089 changed the internal
67	api between nfscommon.ko and the other nfs modules.
68	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500049 for this.
69	All NFS related modules must be rebuilt from up-to-date
70	sources.
71
7220250625:
73	"make delete-old" will now remove the Forth bootloader entirely
74	if the system is built with WITHOUT_FORTH.
75
7620250614:
77	MIT KRB5 (MIT Kerberos5) has been imported into 15-CURRENT. To
78	and install MIT KRB5, add WITH_MITKRB5=yes to /etc/src.conf. This
79	will build and install MIT KRB5 1.21.3. And it will remove Heimdal
80	1.5.2 when delete-old and delete-old-libs are run. To revert back
81	simply buildworld/installworld again with delete-old-libs and
82	delete-old.
83
84	At the moment we only know of a couple of ports that might be
85	affected. Adjusting libmap.conf does not circumvent runtime issues.
86	The few affected ports must be rebuilt. A successful exp-run will be
87	run before MIT KRB5 becomes default.
88
89	Those using the KDC in FreeBSD base may wish to wait. The Heimdal
90	HDB is incompatible with the MIT KRB5 KDC. The migration procedure
91	is a little involved.
92
9320250603:
94	LinuxKPI dma-mapping.h were pulled into the tree from drm-kmod.
95	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1500045 to be able to detect this change.
96
9720250527:
98	pf changed extension header handling. It now treats AH headers on IPv4 just
99	like AH headers on IPv6 and skips over them, allowing filtering on the inner
100	protocol.
101
10220250527:
103	pf now blocks IPv6 packets with a hop-by-hop or destination options header by
104	default. Such packets can be passed by adding "allow-opts" to the rule. IPv6
105	options are now handled just like their IPv4 counterparts.
106
10720250527:
108	The CAM target layer userland, i.e. ctld(8), ctladm(8) and ctlstat(8),
109	has moved to the new FreeBSD-ctl package.  If you use pkgbase and you
110	need the CAM Target Layer, you should install the new package.
111
112	Development-related tools (e.g. ar and nm) have moved to the new
113	"FreeBSD-toolchain" package, which subsumes and obsoletes the
114	existing "FreeBSD-elftoolchain" package.  If you use pkgbase and
115	need to compile software, you should install the new package and
116	ensure the old FreeBSD-elftoolchain* packages are completely removed.
117
11820250521:
119	Commit e64fe5ad3a23 removed in6_maxmtu and its setter in6_setmaxmtu().
120	in6_maxmtu is used to store the max IPv6 MTU of all interfaces,
121	however it does not have any in-tree consumers since the introduction
122	from the KAME project. The removal should have little impact, and the
123	max IPv6 MTU can be easily retrieved by iterating over all the attached
124	interface if 3rd party modules need it.
125
12620250515:
127	Commit 772258c89f28 changed the internal API between the nfscommon
128	and nfscl modules.  Both need to be built from updated sources.
129
13020250513:
131	The bridge(4) sysctl net.link.bridge.member_ifaddrs now defaults to 0,
132	meaning that interfaces added to a bridge may not have IP addresses
133	assigned.  Refer to bridge(4) for more information.
134
13520250507:
136	UMASS quirks and auto-quirk probing has been overhauled. CAM now won't
137	send SYNCHRONIZE CACHE unless MODE PAGE 8 is present and valid. This
138	should allow more devices to work (since the auto quirk code was updated
139	in 14 and broke several e-readers and the like). Please send imp@freebsd.org
140	any regression reports.
141
14220250504:
143	Commit 9419e086e1a3 changed the internal API between the nfscommon
144	and nfscl modules.  Both need to be built from updated sources.
145
14620250412:
147	LinuxKPI alloc routines were changed to return physically contiguous
148	memory where expected. These changes may require out-of-tree drivers
149	to be recompiled.
150	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500037 to be able to detect this change.
151
15220250409:
153	Intel iwlwifi firmware has been removed from the src repository.
154	Before updating their system, users of iwlwifi(4) or iwx(4) must
155	install the appropriate firmware for their chipset using fwget(8) or
156	building it from ports.
157
15820250314:
159	We now use LLVM's binary utilities (nm, objcopy, etc.) by default.
160	The WITHOUT_LLVM_BINUTILS src.conf(5) knob can be used to revert to
161	ELF Tool Chain tools if desired.
162
16320250303:
164	Commit 4a77657cbc01 changed the ABI between ipfw(8) and ipfw(4).
165	Please note that the old ipfw(8) binary will not work with the new
166	ipfw(4) module. Therefore, it is recommended to disable ipfw during
167	the upgrade, otherwise the host system may become inaccessible because
168	ipfw rules cannot be installed with the old binary.
169
17020250214:
171	Commit 4517fbfd4251 modified the internal API between the
172	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both of these modules
173	need to be rebuilt from sources.
174
17520250201:
176	The NFS related daemons, that provide RPC services to the kernel:
177	gssd(8), rpcbind(8), rpc.tlsservd(8) and rpc.tlsclntd(8), now use a
178	different transport - netlink(4) socket instead of unix(4).  Users of
179	NFS need to upgrade both kernel and world (binaries and libc) at once.
180	Also, any revision between 88cd1e17a7d8 and 99e5a70046da should be
181	avoided.
182
18320250129:
184	Defer the January 19, 2038 date limit in UFS1 filesystems to
185	February 7, 2106. This affects only UFS1 format filesystems.
186	See commit message 1111a44301da for details.
187
18820250127:
189	The Allwinner a10_timer driver has been renamed to aw_driver. If you
190	have a custom kernel configuration including the line 'device
191	a10_timer', it must be adjusted to 'device aw_timer'. The same applies
192	for device exclusions with 'nodevice'.
193
19420250106:
195	A new SOC_ROCKCHIP options appeared, so if you have a custom kernel configuration
196	targetting Rockchip SoC you need to add it so shared and mandatory drivers for
197	this SoC familly will be selected.
198	Also a new rk8xx device was added, this select the base driver for Rockchip PMIC.
199
20020241223:
201	The layout of NFS file handles for the tarfs, tmpfs, cd9660, and ext2fs
202	file systems has changed.  An NFS server that exports any of these file
203	systems will need its clients to unmount and remount the exports.
204
20520241216:
206	The iwm(4) firmwares are no longer compiled as kernel modules but instead
207	shipped as raw files. For pkgbase users if you use iwm(4) you will need
208	to install the FreeBSD-firmware-iwm package.
209
21020241124:
211	The OpenBSD derived bc and dc implementations and the WITHOUT_GH_BC
212	option that allowed building them instead of the advanced version
213	imported more than 4 years ago have been removed.
214
21520241107:
216	The ng_ubt(4) driver now requires firmwares to be loaded on Realtek
217	adaptors with rtlbtfw(8) utility. It no longer attaches to devices
218	standing in bootloader mode. Firmware files are available in the
219	comms/rtlbt-firmware port.
220
22120241025:
222	The support for the rc_fast_and_loose variable has been removed from
223	rc.subr(8). Users setting rc_fast_and_loose on their systems are
224	advised to make sure their customizations to rc service scripts
225	do not depend on having a single shell environment shared across
226	all the rc service scripts during booting and shutdown.
227
22820241013:
229	The ciss driver was updated to cope better with hotplug events that
230	caused it to panic before, and to support more than 48 drives attached
231	to the card. These changes were made w/o benefit of hardware for testing
232	and ciss(4) users should be on the lookout for regressions.
233
23420240729:
235	The build now defaults to WITHOUT_CLEAN - i.e., no automatic clean
236	is performed at the beginning of buildworld or buildkernel.  The
237	WITH_CLEAN src.conf(5) knob can be used to restore the previous
238	behaviour.
239
240	If you encounter incremental build issues, please report them to the
241	freebsd-current mailing list so that a special-case dependency can be
242	added, if necessary.
243
24420240715:
245	We now lean more heavily on ACPI enumeration for some traditional
246	devices. uart has moved from isa to acpi so the hints act as wiring
247	instead of device enumeration. Hints for parallel port, floppy, etc
248	have been removed.  Before upgrading, grep your dmesg for lines like:
249		uart1: non-PNP ISA device will be removed from GENERIC in FreeBSD 15.
250	to see if you need to start including hints for the device on isa
251	in your loader.conf or device.hints file. APU1 (but not APU2) boards
252	are known to be affected, but there may be others.
253
25420240712:
255	Support for armv6 has been disconnected and is being removed.
256
25720240617:
258	ifconfig now treats IPv4 addresses without a width or mask as an error.
259	Specify the desired mask or width along with the IP address on the
260	ifconfig command line and in rc.conf.
261
26220240428:
263	OpenBSM auditing runtime (auditd, etc.) has been moved into the new
264	package FreeBSD-audit.  If you use OpenBSM auditing and pkgbase, you
265	should install FreeBSD-audit.
266
26720240424:
268	cron, lpr, and ntpd have been moved from FreeBSD-utilities into their
269	own packages.  If you use pkgbase, you should install the relevant
270	packages: FreeBSD-cron, FreeBSD-lp, or FreeBSD-ntp.
271
27220240406:
273	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
274	been upgraded to 18.1.6. It is important that you run `make delete-old`
275	as described in the COMMON ITEMS section, otherwise several libc++
276	headers that are obsolete and need to be removed can cause compilation
277	errors in C++ programs.
278
27920240205:
280	For dynamically linked programs, system calls are now made from
281	libsys rather than libc.  No change in linkage is required as
282	libsys is an auxiliary filter for libc.  People building custom
283	images must ensure that libsys.so.7 is included.
284
28520240202:
286	Loader now also read configuration files listed in local_loader_conf_files.
287	Files listed here are the last ones read. And /boot/loader.conf.local was
288	moved from loader_conf_files to local_loader_conf_files leaving only
289	loader.conf and device.hints in loader_conf_files by default.
290
291	The following sequencing is applied:
292
293	1. Bootstrap:
294	    /boot/defaults/loader.conf
295
296	2. Read loader_conf_files files:
297	    /boot/device.hints
298	    /boot/loader.conf
299
300	3. Read loader_conf_dirs files:
301	    /boot/loader.conf.d/*.conf
302
303	4. And finally, rread local_loader_conf_files files:
304	    /boot/loader.conf.local
305
30620240201:
307	sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged.  This version enforces
308	stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line
309	endings.  This may cause issues with receiving messages from
310	non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in
311	contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations.
312
31320240111:
314	Commit cc760de2183f changed the internal interface between
315	the nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both need to be
316	rebuilt from sources.  Therefore, __FreeBSD_version was
317	bumped to 1500010.
318
31920231120:
320	If you have an arm64 system that uses ACPI, you will need to update your
321	loader.efi in the ESP when you update past this point.  Detection of ACPI
322	was moved earlier in the binary so the scripts could use it, but old
323	binaries don't have this, so we default to 'no ACPI' in this case. You can
324	undisable ACPI by doing
325		OK unset hint.acpi.0.disabled
326	This can also be used to recover any other system that was updated in the
327	small window where amd64 was also broken.
328
32920231113:
330	The WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD option has been removed.  When LLD is enabled
331	it is always installed as /usr/bin/ld.
332
33320231027:
334	Forward compatibility (running the new code on old kernels) for the
335	"ino64" project have been removed. The need for it has passed long ago.
336
33720231018:
338	Commit 57ce37f9dcd0 changed the internal KAPI between the
339	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  Both must be rebuilt from sources.
340
34120231010:
342	dialog(1) has been replaced in base by bsddialog(1), while most of the
343	time replacing a dialog(1) call by a bsddialog(1) call works out of the
344	box, bsddialog(1) is not considered as a drop-in replacement for
345	dialog(1).
346
347	If you do depend on dialog(1) functionality, please install cdialog
348	from ports:
349
350	pkg install cdialog
351
35220230927:
353	The EARLY_AP_STARTUP kernel option is mandatory on x86.  The option
354	has been added to DEFAULTS, so it should automatically be included in
355	custom kernel configurations without any additional change.
356
35720230922:
358	A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default
359	behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required
360	recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP.
361
36220230914:
363	Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by
364	default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf.
365
36620230911:
367	Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang
368	internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems
369	installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow
370	for these file moves:
371
372		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities
373		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev
374		pkg upgrade -y
375
37620230909:
377	Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which
378	belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module
379	loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are
380	corresponding kernel environment variables.
381
38220230901:
383	The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have
384	been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively.
385
38620230824:
387	FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT.
388
38920230817:
390	Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has
391	been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry
392	practice and typcial firmware serial console redirection
393	configuration.
394
395	Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not
396	support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may
397	set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot
398	components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start
399	with the serial port at 115200.
400
40120230807:
402	Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus-
403	frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is
404	integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's
405	no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or
406	"device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration.
407
40820230803:
409	MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config.
410	Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt.
411
41220230724:
413	CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
414	to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
415	BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
416	for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
417	the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
418
41920230713:
420	stable/14 branch created.
421
42220230629:
423	The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
424	atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
425	change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
426	file a PR and assign it to imp.
427
42820230623:
429	OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
430	the base system.  It is important to rebuild third-party software
431	after upgrading.
432
43320230619:
434	To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
435	filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
436	locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
437	delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
438
439		sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
440		service pf restart
441
442	When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
443	filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
444
44520230613:
446	Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
447	follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
448	authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
449	quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
450	already properly quoted or escaped.
451
45220230612:
453	Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
454	nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
455	nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
456	in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
457	config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
458	kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf.  The default has been nda on
459	all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
460	please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
461
462	Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
463	migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
464
46520230422:
466	Remove portsnap(8).  Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
467	using git instead.
468
46920230420:
470	Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
471	eg.
472		make buildworld-jobs
473	runs
474		make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
475
476	where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
477
47820230316:
479	Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
480	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
481	IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
482	"device imx6_ipu" to it.
483	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
484	TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
485	If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
486	exist anymore.
487
48820230221:
489	Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
490	for details.
491
49220230206:
493	sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
494	Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
495	`X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
496
49720230204:
498	Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
499	to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
500
50120230130:
502	As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
503	to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
504	to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
505
50620230126:
507	The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
508	system are now built unconditionally.
509
51020230113:
511	LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
512	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
513
51420221212:
515	llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump.  Previously there was
516	no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
517
518	Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
519	GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
520	objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
521
52220221205:
523	dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta.  For people willing
524	to reenable sendmail(8):
525
526	$ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
527
528	and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
529
53020221204:
531	hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
532	default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
533	the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
534	the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
535	needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
536	the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
537
538	NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
539
54020221122:
541	pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
542	These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
543	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
544
54520221121:
546	The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed.  When Clang is enabled
547	it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
548
54920221026:
550	Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
551	for pkgbase users to do:
552
553	pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
554	  FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
555
556	after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
557	installed.
558
55920221002:
560	OPIE has been removed from the base system.  If needed, it can
561	be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie).
562	Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference
563	pam_opie or pam_opieaccess.
564
56520220610:
566	LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
567	before re-compiling to avoid errors.
568
56920211230:
570	The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
571	have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
572	Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
573	be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
574	reflect this change.
575
57620211214:
577	A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
578	themselves.  A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
579
58020211209:
581	Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
582	mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
583	the coming days and weeks.
584
585	This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
586	or touch
587		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
588		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
589		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
590		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
591	before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
592
59320211202:
594	Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
595	by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
596	statement in unbound.conf:
597		local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
598
599	Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
600
601	The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
602	Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
603	using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
604	to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
605	belongs.  Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
606	such names when roaming to different homenets.
607
60820211110:
609	Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
610	that any of the included congestion control modules could be
611	the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
612	was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
613	this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
614	control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
615	default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
616	The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
617	as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
618	kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
619	fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
620
62120211118:
622	Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
623	tree shortly.
624
62520211106:
626	Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
627	The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
628	of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
629	may need to be modified.
630
63120211022:
632	The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
633	The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
634	support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
635
63620211020:
637	sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user.  To force root to use
638	the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
639
640	# chsh -s csh
641
64220211004:
643	Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
644	with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
645	to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
646	this change.
647
64820210923:
649	As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
650	ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
651	users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
652	list of modules to load on their systems.
653
65420210922:
655	As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
656	new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
657	information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
658	audio/freebsd-13-mixer
659
66020210911:
661	As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
662	been deleted from the nfscommon.ko.  As such, nfsd.ko must be built
663	from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
664	being loaded.
665
66620210817:
667	As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
668	by default.  Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
669	option.  This can be enabled globally by using a custom
670	OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
671	application-specific configuration option for applications
672	which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
673
67420210811:
675	Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
676	modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
677
67820210730:
679	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
680	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
681	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
682	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
683
68420210729:
685	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
686	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
687	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
688
68920210716:
690	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
691	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
692	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
693
69420210715:
695	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
696	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
697	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
698	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
699	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
700	to update your sources past the above hash and do
701		% cd usr.bin/awk
702		% make clean all
703		% sudo -E make install
704	to enable building kernels again.
705
70620210708:
707	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
708	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
709	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
710
71120210707:
712	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
713	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
714
71520210624:
716	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
717	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
718	for NFSv4 mounts.
719	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
720
72120210618:
722	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
723	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
724	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
725	additions and others.
726
72720210618:
728	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
729	renamed to "untrusted".
730
73120210611:
732	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
733	please install the svn package or port.
734
73520210611:
736	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
737	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
738	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
739
74020210610:
741	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
742
74320210608:
744	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
745	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
746https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
747	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
748	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
749	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
750	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
751
75220210525:
753	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
754	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
755	committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
756	detect this.
757
75820210513:
759	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
760	libraries and utilities are packaged.
761	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
762	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
763	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
764	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
765	on the system.
766
76720210426:
768	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
769	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
770	need to be rebuilt from sources.
771	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
772	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
773	is not recommended.
774
77520210411:
776	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
777	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
778	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
779	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
780	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
781	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
782
78320210330:
784	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
785	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
786	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
787	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
788
78920210225:
790	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
791	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
792	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
793
79420210128:
795	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
796	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
797	update.
798
79920210121:
800	stable/13 branch created.
801
80220210108:
803	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
804	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
805	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
806	since it was bumped so recently.
807
80820210107:
809	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
810	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
811	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
812	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
813
81420210105:
815	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
816	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
817	requires a clean build.
818
81920201223:
820	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
821	instructions can be found at
822	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
823	and other documents in that repo.
824
82520201216:
826	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
827	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
828	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
829	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
830
83120201215:
832	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
833	may be installed from ports or packages.
834
83520201124:
836	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
837	See ping(8) for details.
838
83920201108:
840	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
841	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
842	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
843
84420201030:
845	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
846	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
847	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
848	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
849	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
850
85120201026:
852	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
853	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
854	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
855	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
856	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
857	find.
858
85920200923:
860	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
861	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
862	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
863	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
864
865	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
866	command you want to un-auger the tree is
867		cd sys/amd64/conf
868		svn revert -R .
869	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
870	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
871
87220200824:
873	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
874	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
875	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
876	unless you  want to use new features.
877
878	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
879	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
880	rebuilding world may fail.
881
882	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
883	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
884
885	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
886	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
887	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
888	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
889
89020200824:
891	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
892	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
893	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
894	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
895
89620200821:
897	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
898	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
899	sources.
900
90120200817:
902	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
903	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
904
90520200816:
906	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
907	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
908	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
909	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
910
91120200810:
912	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
913	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
914	from sources, so a version bump was done.
915
91620200807:
917	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
918	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
919	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
920	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
921
92220200729:
923	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
924	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
925	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
926	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
927	continue to function.
928
929	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
930	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
931	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
932	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
933
93420200627:
935	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
936	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
937	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
938	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
939	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
940	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
941	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
942
94320200625:
944	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
945	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
946
94720200613:
948	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
949	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
950	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
951
95220200604:
953	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
954	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
955	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
956	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
957
958	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
959	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
960	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
961	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
962	/root/.shrc.
963
96420200523:
965	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
966	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
967	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
968	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
969
97020200512:
971	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
972	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
973
97420200424:
975	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
976	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
977	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
978	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
979	be functional without closefrom(2).
980
98120200414:
982	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
983	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
984	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
985	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
986	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
987	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
988
98920200310:
990	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
991	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
992	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
993	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
994
99520200309:
996	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
997	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
998	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
999
100020200301:
1001	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
1002
100320200229:
1004	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
1005	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
1006	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
1007
100820200229:
1009	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
1010	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
1011
101220200229:
1013	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
1014	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
1015	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
1016	ports or packages.
1017
101820200220:
1019	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
1020	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
1021	ncurses.
1022
102320200217:
1024	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
1025	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
1026	together with their new kernel.
1027
102820200212:
1029	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
1030	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
1031	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
1032
1033	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
1034	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
1035
103620200108:
1037	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
1038	linker for riscv64.
1039
104020200107:
1041	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
1042	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
1043	external toolchain package.
1044
104520200104:
1046	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
1047	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
1048	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
1049	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
1050	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
1051
105220200102:
1053	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
1054	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
1055	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
1056	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
1057
105820191226:
1059	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
1060	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
1061	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
1062	ABI.
1063
106420191226:
1065	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
1066
106720191222:
1068	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1069	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1070	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1071	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1072
107320191212:
1074	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
1075	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
1076	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
1077
107820191205:
1079	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
1080	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
1081	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
1082	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
1083	differences between those included in the port and those included in
1084	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
1085	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
1086	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
1087
108820191120:
1089	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
1090	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
1091	for automounting.
1092
109320191107:
1094	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
1095	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
1096	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
1097	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
1098	add superio to the set.
1099
110020191021:
1101	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
1102	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
1103
110420191021:
1105	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
1106	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
1107	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
1108	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
1109	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
1110	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
1111	completely in the future.
1112
111320191009:
1114	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
1115	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
1116	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
1117	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
1118	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
1119	will be removed from the list.
1120
112120191009:
1122	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1123	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1124	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1125	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1126
112720191003:
1128	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
1129	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
1130	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
1131	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
1132
113320190913:
1134	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
1135	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
1136	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
1137	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
1138
113920190823:
1140	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
1141	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
1142	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
1143
114420190727:
1145	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
1146	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
1147	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
1148	your scripts, because they had no effect.
1149
1150	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
1151	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
1152	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
1153	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
1154	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
1155
115620190713:
1157	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
1158	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
1159	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
1160	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
1161	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
1162	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
1163	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
1164
116520190620:
1166	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
1167	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
1168	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
1169	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
1170
117120190612:
1172	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1173	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1174	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1175	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1176
117720190608:
1178	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
1179	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
1180	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
1181
118220190513:
1183	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
1184	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
1185	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
1186	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
1187	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
1188	avoid running into the limit.
1189
119020190507:
1191	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
1192	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
1193
119420190507:
1195	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
1196	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
1197	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
1198	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
1199	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
1200	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
1201
120220190418:
1203	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
1204	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
1205	entropy:
1206
1207	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
1208	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
1209	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
1210	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
1211	availability properties.
1212
1213	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1214	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
1215	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
1216	initial condition, if desired.
1217
1218	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1219	Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
1220
1221	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
1222	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
1223	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
1224	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
1225
122620190416:
1227	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
1228	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
1229	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
1230	therefore unblocked).
1231
123220190404:
1233	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
1234	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
1235	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
1236	is added to the command line.
1237	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
1238	not affected and should continue to work.
1239
124020190320:
1241	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
1242	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
1243	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
1244	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
1245
124620190304:
1247	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1248	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1249	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1250	or higher.
1251
125220190226:
1253	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
1254	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
1255	kernel config.
1256
125720190219:
1258	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
1259	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
1260	migrating to the drm ports.
1261
126220190131:
1263	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
1264	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
1265	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
1266	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
1267	is loaded automatically.
1268
126920190125:
1270	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
1271	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
1272	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
1273	kernel config files.
1274
127520181230:
1276	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
1277	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
1278	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
1279	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
1280
128120181220:
1282	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
1283	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
1284	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
1285	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
1286	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
1287	most NFSv4 mounts.
1288
128920181219:
1290	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
1291	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
1292	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
1293
1294	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
1295	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
1296
1297	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
1298	removed from the mips port.
1299
130020181211:
1301	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1302	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1303	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1304	or higher.
1305
130620181211:
1307	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
1308	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
1309
131020181126:
1311	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
1312	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
1313	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
1314	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
1315
131620181123:
1317	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
1318	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
1319	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
1320
132120181115:
1322	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
1323	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
1324	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
1325	FreeBSD versions.
1326
132720181110:
1328	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
1329	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
1330	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
1331
1332	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
1333	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
1334	being included using the command:
1335		$ newsyslog -Nrv
1336
133720181019:
1338	Stable/12 was branched created.
1339
134020181015:
1341	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
1342	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
1343	drm-legacy-kmod.
1344
1345	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
1346	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
1347	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
1348	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
1349	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
1350	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
1351	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
1352	that as you will get better support.
1353
1354	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
1355	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
1356	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
1357	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
1358
1359	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
1360	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
1361	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
1362	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
1363	shortly.
1364
136520181012:
1366	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
1367	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
1368	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
1369	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
1370	be adjusted as necessary.
1371
137220181009:
1373	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
1374	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
1375	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
1376	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
1377
137820181006:
1379	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
1380	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
1381	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
1382	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
1383	encouraged.
1384
138520181002:
1386	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
1387	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
1388	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
1389	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
1390	nda device name.
1391
139220180913:
1393	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
1394	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
1395	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
1396	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1397	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1398	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1399
140020180826:
1401	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1402	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1403	default since FreeBSD-11.
1404
140520180822:
1406	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1407	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
1408	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1409
141020180818:
1411	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1412	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1413	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1414	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1415	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
1416	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1417	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1418
1419	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1420	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1421
142220180815:
1423	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1424	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1425	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1426	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1427	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1428	may not be observed in a future release.
1429
143020180808:
1431	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
1432	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1433	your environment.
1434
143520180731:
1436	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1437	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1438	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1439	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1440
144120180730:
1442	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1443	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1444	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1445	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1446	runtime services.
1447
144820180727:
1449	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1450	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1451	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1452
145320180723:
1454	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1455	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1456	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1457	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1458	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1459
146020180720:
1461	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1462	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1463	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1464	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1465	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1466	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1467
146820180719:
1469	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1470	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1471	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1472	boot_serial=YES
1473	boot_multicons=YES
1474	in /boot/loader.conf
1475	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1476	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1477	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1478
147920180719:
1480	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
1481	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1482	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1483	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1484	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1485	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1486	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1487	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1488	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1489	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1490	by the ntpd user.
1491
149220180717:
1493	Big endian arm support has been removed.
1494
149520180711:
1496	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1497	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
1498	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1499	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1500	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1501
150220180705:
1503	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1504	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1505	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
1506	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
1507	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1508	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1509
151020180702:
1511	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1512	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1513
151420180701:
1515	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1516	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1517	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1518	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1519	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1520	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1521	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1522
152320180630:
1524	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1525	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1526	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1527	or higher.
1528
152920180628:
1530	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1531	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1532	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1533	file.
1534
153520180612:
1536	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1537	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1538
153920180530:
1540	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1541	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1542	longer necessary.
1543
154420180530:
1545	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1546	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1547	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1548	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1549
155020180523:
1551	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1552	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1553	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1554	later than r334108.
1555
155620180517:
1557	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
1558	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1559	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1560	it must be removed.
1561
156220180510:
1563	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1564	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1565	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1566	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1567	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1568	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1569	will go away.
1570
1571	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1572	workaround is necessary.
1573
157420180508:
1575	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1576	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
1577	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
1578	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1579
158020180504:
1581	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
1582	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1583	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1584	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1585	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1586
158720180502:
1588	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
1589	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1590	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
1591	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1592
159320180501:
1594	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
1595	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1596	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1597	be removed.
1598
159920180413:
1600	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
1601	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1602	removed.
1603
160420180411:
1605	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
1606	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1607	removed.
1608
160920180406:
1610	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1611	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1612	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1613	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1614	microseconds and time zone offsets.
1615
1616	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1617	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1618	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1619	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1620	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1621	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1622	adjustments, depending on the software used.
1623
1624	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1625	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1626
1627		source src {
1628			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1629		}
1630
1631	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1632	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1633	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1634
1635		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1636
1637	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1638	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1639	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1640	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1641	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1642	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1643	thus expected to continue to function as before.
1644
1645	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1646	change.
1647
164820180328:
1649	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1650	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1651	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1652
165320180323:
1654	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1655	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1656	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1657	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1658	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1659	should be as simple as:
1660
1661		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1662		$ make depend all install
1663
166420180212:
1665	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1666	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1667	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1668	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1669	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1670	provisions for backup boot methods.
1671
167220180211:
1673	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1674	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1675	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1676	imp@freebsd.org.
1677
167820180114:
1679	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1680	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1681	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1682	or higher.
1683
168420180110:
1685	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1686	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1687	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1688
1689	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1690	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1691
169220180110:
1693	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1694	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1695	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1696	remove it from kernel config files.
1697
169820180104:
1699	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1700	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1701	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1702
1703	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1704	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1705
170620180102:
1707	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1708	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1709	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1710	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1711
171220171215:
1713	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1714	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1715
171620171214:
1717	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1718	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1719	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1720	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1721
172220171125:
1723	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1724	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1725	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1726	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1727	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1728	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1729
173020171110:
1731	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1732	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1733	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1734
173520171106:
1736	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1737	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
1738	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
1739	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1740	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1741
174220171102:
1743	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1744	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1745	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1746	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1747	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1748	environment.
1749
175020171101:
1751	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1752	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1753	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
1754	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1755	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1756	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1757	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1758	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1759	than hardcoding paths.
1760
176120171028:
1762	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1763	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1764	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1765
176620171021:
1767	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1768	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1769	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1770	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1771
177220171010:
1773	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1774	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1775
177620171005:
1777	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1778	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1779	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1780	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1781
178220171003:
1783	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1784	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1785	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1786	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1787	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1788
178920170912:
1790	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
1791	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1792	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
1793	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1794	/etc/ctl.conf .
1795
179620170912:
1797	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1798	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1799	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1800	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1801	soft-float everything else should be affected.
1802
180320170826:
1804	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
1805	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1806
180720170825:
1808	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1809	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1810	to complete.
1811
181220170814:
1813	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1814	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1815	${TESTSDIR}.
1816
1817	Behavioral changes:
1818	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1819	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1820	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1821	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1822
1823	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1824	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1825	sandbox if successful.
1826
1827	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1828	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1829	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1830	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1831	an unprivileged user.
1832
183320170808:
1834	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1835	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1836	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1837	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1838	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1839	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1840	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1841	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1842	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1843	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1844	to which you should answer yes.
1845
184620170728:
1847	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1848	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1849	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1850	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1851	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1852
185320170722:
1854	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1855	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1856	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1857
185820170701:
1859	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1860	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1861
186220170625:
1863	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
1864	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1865	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
1866	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1867	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
1868	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1869	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1870
187120170623:
1872	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1873	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1874	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1875	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1876	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1877	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1878
187920170620:
1880	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1881	if you require the GPL compiler.
1882
188320170619:
1884	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1885	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1886	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1887	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1888	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1889	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1890
189120170618:
1892	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1893	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1894	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1895
189620170617:
1897	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1898	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
1899	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1900	followed.
1901
190220170531:
1903	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1904	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1905	from ports (and recommends to install it).
1906	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1907	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1908	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1909
191020170524:
1911	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1912	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
1913	which only require one chipset support.
1914
1915	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1916
1917	if_ath_load="YES"
1918
1919	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1920	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1921	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1922
1923	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1924	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1925
1926	* load ath_hal
1927	* load the chip modules in question
1928	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1929	* load ath_main
1930	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1931	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1932
1933	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1934
193520170523:
1936	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1937	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
1938	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1939
1940	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1941	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1942	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1943
1944	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1945	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
1946	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1947	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
1948	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1949	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1950	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1951	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1952
195320170424:
1954	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1955	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
1956	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1957
195820170420:
1959	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1960	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1961	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1962
196320170413:
1964	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1965	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1966	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1967	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1968	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1969	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1970	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1971
197220170407:
1973	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1974	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1975	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1976	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1977
197820170405:
1979	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1980	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
1981	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1982
198320170331:
1984	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1985	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1986	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1987
198820170329:
1989	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1990	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1991
1992	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1993	via one of the following methods:
1994	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1995	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1996	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1997	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1998
1999	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
2000
200120170316:
2002	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
2003	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
2004	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
2005	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
2006	with mmc.ko).
2007
200820170315:
2009	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
2010	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
2011	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
2012	be prefixed with colon.
2013
201420170311:
2015	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
2016	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
2017	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
2018
201920170302:
2020	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
2021	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2022	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2023
202420170221:
2025	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
2026	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
2027	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
2028	change.
2029
203020170216:
2031	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
2032	valid.
2033
203420170215:
2035	MCA bus support has been removed.
2036
203720170127:
2038	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
2039	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
2040
204120170112:
2042	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
2043	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
2044
204520170109:
2046	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
2047	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
2048	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
2049	configuration.
2050
205120161217:
2052	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
2053	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2054	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2055
205620161124:
2057	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
2058	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2059	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2060
206120161119:
2062	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
2063	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
2064	that link against it need to be recompiled.
2065
206620161030:
2067	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
2068	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
2069	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
2070	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
2071
207220161017:
2073	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
2074	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
2075	parts.
2076	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
2077	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
2078
207920161015:
2080	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
2081	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
2082	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
2083	removed from base.
2084
208520161008:
2086	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
2087	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
2088	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
2089
209020161003:
2091	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
2092	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
2093
209420160924:
2095	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
2096	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
2097	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
2098	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
2099
210020160918:
2101	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
2102	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
2103	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
2104	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
2105	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
2106
210720160918:
2108	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
2109
211020160908:
2111	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
2112	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
2113	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
2114	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
2115
211620160824:
2117	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
2118	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
2119	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
2120	to 1200005.
2121
212220160818:
2123	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
2124	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
2125	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
2126	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
2127	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
2128	0.
2129
213020160818:
2131	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
2132	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
2133
213420160708:
2135	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
2136
2137After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
2138from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
2139entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
2140UPDATING file.
2141
2142COMMON ITEMS:
2143
2144	General Notes
2145	-------------
2146	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2147	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
2148	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
2149	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2150	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2151	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2152	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2153	report a bug if it happens consistently.
2154
2155	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2156	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2157	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2158	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
2159	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
2160	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2161	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2162	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2163	an exception.
2164
2165	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2166	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2167	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2168	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2169	step.
2170
2171	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2172	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2173	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2174	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2175
2176	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2177	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2178	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2179	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2180	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2181	should write them with this in mind.
2182
2183	ZFS notes
2184	---------
2185	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
2186	always follow these three steps:
2187
2188	1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2189	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2190
2191	2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
2192	doing a zpool upgrade):
2193
2194	When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
2195	block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2196		gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
2197	The value $N will typically be 1.  For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
2198
2199	3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
2200	pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
2201	zpool upgrade.
2202
2203	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2204
2205	EFI notes
2206	---------
2207
2208	There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
2209	current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
2210	efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
2211	deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
2212	fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
2213	/boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
2214	ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
2215	the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
2216
2217	Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
2218	may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
2219	location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
2220	mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
2221
2222	The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
2223	however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
2224	root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
2225	since it does not automatically understand some new features.
2226
2227	See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
2228
2229	To build a kernel
2230	-----------------
2231	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2232	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
2233	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2234
2235	make kernel-toolchain
2236	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2237	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2238
2239	If you are running kernel modules from ports, see FOOTNOTE [1].
2240
2241	To test a kernel once
2242	---------------------
2243	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2244	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2245	debugging information) run
2246	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2247	nextboot -k testkernel
2248
2249	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2250	-----------------------------------------------------------
2251	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2252	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2253
2254	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>		[2]
2255	make buildworld
2256	<make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set>	[1]
2257	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2258	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2259	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2260	etcupdate -p					[5]
2261	make installworld
2262	etcupdate -B					[4]
2263	make delete-old					[6]
2264	<reboot>
2265
2266	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2267	--------------------------------------------------
2268	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2269	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2270	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2271	# size.
2272
2273	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2274	<boot into -stable>
2275	make buildworld
2276	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[1]
2277	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2278	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2279	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2280	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2281	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2282	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2283	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2284	<reboot into current>
2285	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2286	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2287	<reboot>
2288
2289
2290	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2291	----------------------------------------------
2292	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>		[2]
2293	make buildworld					[9]
2294	<make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set>	[1]
2295	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2296	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2297	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2298	etcupdate -p					[5]
2299	make installworld
2300	etcupdate -B					[4]
2301	make delete-old					[6]
2302	<reboot>
2303
2304	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2305	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2306	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2307	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2308	the UPDATING entries.
2309
2310	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2311	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2312	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2313	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2314	much fewer pitfalls.
2315
2316FOOTNOTES:
2317
2318	[1] If you have third party modules, such as drm-kmod or vmware, you
2319	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2320	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2321	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
2322	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2323	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2324	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2325	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2326	and effective, eg:
2327	     PORTS_MODULES+=graphics/drm-kmod graphics/nvidia-drm-kmod
2328
2329	[2] To make complete dumps on zfs(4), use bectl(8), which
2330	creates bootable snapshots of configurable depth that are
2331	selectable via the bootloader. For ufs(4), use dump(8) and
2332	restore(8).
2333
2334	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2335		fsck -p
2336		mount -u /
2337		mount -a
2338		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2339		cd src			# full path to source
2340		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2341	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2342	into single user mode to do the installworld.
2343
2344	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2345	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2346	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2347	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2348	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2349	for potential gotchas.  See etcupdate(8) for more information.
2350
2351	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2352	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2353	step.
2354
2355	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2356	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2357	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2358
2359	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2360	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2361	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2362	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2363	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2364	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2365	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2366	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2367
2368	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2369	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2370	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2371	for these as well.
2372
2373	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2374	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2375	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2376
2377	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2378	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2379	warn if it is improperly defined.
2380FORMAT:
2381
2382This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2383breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2384list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2385If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2386to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2387
2388Copyright information:
2389
2390Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2391
2392Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2393modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2394document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2395
2396THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2397IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2398WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2399DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2400INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2401(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2402SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2403HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2404STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2405IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2406POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2407
2408Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2409this document.
2410