xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision a273973175e2a4cbbda3fd7b8cddd0bec0857082)
1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/current-stable.html
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
13
14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
18
19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 12.x IS SLOW:
20	FreeBSD 12.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
21	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
22	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
23	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
24	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
25	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
26	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
27	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
28	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
29	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
30	debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
31	disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
32	"ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
33
34
35****************************** SPECIAL WARNING: ******************************
36
37	Due to a bug in some versions of clang that's very hard to workaround in
38	the upgrade process, to upgrade to -current you must first upgrade
39	either stable/9 after r286035 or stable/10 after r286033 (including
40	10.3-RELEASE) or current after r286007 (including stable/11 and
41	11.0-RELEASE). These revisions post-date the 10.2 and 9.3 releases, so
42	you'll need to take the unusual step of upgrading to the tip of the
43	stable branch before moving to 11 or -current via a source upgrade.
44	stable/11 and 11.0-RELEASE have working newer compiler. This differs
45	from the historical situation where one could upgrade from anywhere on
46	the last couple of stable branches, so be careful.
47
48	If you're running a hybrid system on 9.x or 10.x with an updated clang
49	compiler or are using an supported external toolchain, the build system
50	will allow the upgrade. Otherwise it will print a reminder.
51
52****************************** SPECIAL WARNING: ******************************
53
5420180114:
55	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
56	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
57	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
58	or higher.
59
6020180110:
61	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
62	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
63	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
64
65	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
66        WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
67
6820180110:
69	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
70	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
71	needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
72	from kernel config files.
73
7420180104:
75	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
76	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
77	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
78
79	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
80	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
81
8220180102:
83	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
84	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
85	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
86	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
87
8820171215:
89	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
90	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
91
9220171214:
93	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
94	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
95	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
96	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
97
9820171125:
99	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
100	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
101	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
102	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
103	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
104	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
105
10620171110:
107	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
108	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
109	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
110
11120171106:
112	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
113	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
114	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
115	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
116	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
117
11820171102:
119	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
120	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
121	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
122	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
123	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
124	environment.
125
12620171101:
127	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
128	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
129	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
130	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
131	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
132	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
133	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
134	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
135	than hardcoding paths.
136
13720171028:
138	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
139	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
140	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
141
14220171021:
143	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
144	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
145	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
146	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
147
14820171010:
149	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
150	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
151
15220171005:
153	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
154	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
155	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
156	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
157
15820171003:
159	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
160	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
161	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
162	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
163	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
164
16520170912:
166	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
167	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
168	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
169	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
170	/etc/ctl.conf .
171
17220170912:
173	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
174	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
175	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
176	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
177	soft-float everything else should be affected.
178
17920170826:
180	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
181	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
182
18320170825:
184	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
185	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
186	to complete.
187
18820170814:
189	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
190	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
191	${TESTSDIR}.
192
193	Behavioral changes:
194	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
195	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
196	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
197	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
198
199	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
200	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
201	sandbox if successful.
202
203	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
204	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
205	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
206	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
207	an unprivileged user.
208
20920170808:
210	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
211	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
212	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
213	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
214	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
215	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
216	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
217	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
218	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
219	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
220	to which you should answer yes.
221
22220170728:
223	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
224	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
225	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
226	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
227	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
228
22920170722:
230	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
231	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
232	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
233
23420170701:
235	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
236	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
237
23820170625:
239	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
240	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
241	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
242	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
243	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
244	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
245	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
246
24720170623:
248	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
249	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
250	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
251	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
252	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
253	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
254
25520170620:
256	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
257	if you require the GPL compiler.
258
25920170618:
260	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
261	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
262	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
263
26420170617:
265	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
266	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
267	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
268	followed.
269
27020170531:
271	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
272	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
273	from ports (and recommends to install it).
274	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
275	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
276	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
277
27820170524:
279	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
280	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
281	which only require one chipset support.
282
283	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
284
285	if_ath_load="YES"
286
287	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
288	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
289	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
290
291	If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
292	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
293
294	* load ath_hal
295	* load the chip modules in question
296	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
297	* load ath_main
298	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
299	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
300
301	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
302
30320170523:
304	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
305	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
306	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
307
308	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
309	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
310	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
311
312	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
313	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".   Then, carefully follow the
314	full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
315	everything and install it on the current system."  Specifically,
316	a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
317	installing world.
318
31920170424:
320	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
321	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
322	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
323
32420170420:
325	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
326	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
327	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
328
32920170413:
330	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
331	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
332	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
333	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
334	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
335	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
336	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
337
33820170407:
339	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
340	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
341	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
342	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
343
34420170405:
345	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
346	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
347	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
348
34920170331:
350	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
351	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
352	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
353
35420170329:
355	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
356	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
357
358	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
359	via one of the following methods:
360	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
361	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
362	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
363	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
364
365	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
366
36720170316:
368	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
369	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
370	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
371	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
372	with mmc.ko).
373
37420170315:
375	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
376	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
377	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
378	be prefixed with colon.
379
38020170311:
381	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
382	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
383	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
384
38520170302:
386	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
387	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
388	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
389
39020170221:
391	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
392	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
393	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
394	change.
395
39620170216:
397	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
398	valid.
399
40020170215:
401	MCA bus support has been removed.
402
40320170127:
404	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
405	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
406
40720170112:
408	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
409	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
410
41120170109:
412	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
413	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
414	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
415
41620161217:
417	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
418	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
419	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
420
42120161124:
422	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
423	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
424	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
425
42620161119:
427	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
428	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
429	that link against it need to be recompiled.
430
43120161030:
432	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
433	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
434	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
435	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
436
43720161017:
438	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
439	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
440	parts.
441	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
442	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
443
44420161015:
445	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
446	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
447	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
448	removed from base.
449
45020161008:
451	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
452	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
453	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
454
45520161003:
456	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
457	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
458
45920160924:
460	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
461	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
462	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
463	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
464
46520160918:
466	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
467	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
468	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
469	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
470	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
471
47220160918:
473	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
474
47520160908:
476	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
477	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
478	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
479	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
480
48120160824:
482	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
483	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
484	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
485	to 1200005.
486
48720160818:
488	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
489	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
490	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
491	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
492	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
493	0.
494
49520160818:
496	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
497	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
498
49920160622:
500	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
501	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
502	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
503	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
504	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
505	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
506	kernel.
507
50820160527:
509	CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
510	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
511	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
512	previously contained a line like
513	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
514	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
515	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
516	generally be fine.
517
51820160523:
519	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
520	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
521	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
522	built with the old headers.
523
52420160520:
525	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
526	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
527	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
528	installing a new libc.
529
53020160517:
531	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
532	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
533	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
534	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
535	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
536	packages will be needed.
537
538	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
539	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
540	and the install steps.
541
54220160510:
543	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
544	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
545	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
546	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
547	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
548	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
549
55020160414:
551	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
552	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
553	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
554	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
555	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
556
557		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
558		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
559		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
560		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
561		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
562
563	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
564	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
565	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
566	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
567	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
568	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
569	vendors work.
570
571	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
572	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
573		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
574	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
575	quirks entry to 0x3.
576
57720160330:
578	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
579	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
580	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
581
58220160317:
583	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
584	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
585
58620160311:
587	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
588	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
589	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
590	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
591	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
592	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
593	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
594	stale .depend files.
595
59620160306:
597	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
598	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
599	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
600	rebooting, e.g.:
601
602	make buildworld
603	make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
604	make -C sys/boot install
605	<reboot in single user>
606
607	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
608	below.
609
61020160305:
611	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
612	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
613	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
614
61520160301:
616	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
617	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
618	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
619	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
620	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
621	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
622
62320160226:
624	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
625	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
626	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
627	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
628	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
629
63020160129:
631	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
632	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
633	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
634	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
635	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
636
63720160119:
638	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
639	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
640
64120160113:
642	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
643	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
644	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
645
64620151216:
647	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
648	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
649	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
650	other loaders.
651
65220151211:
653	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
654	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
655	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
656	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
657	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
658	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
659
66020151207:
661	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
662	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
663	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
664	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
665	in src.conf(5).
666
66720151130:
668	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
669	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
670	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
671
67220151108:
673	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
674	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
675	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
676
677	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
678	collation results will be different.
679
680	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
681	locales before running make installworld.
682
683	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
684
68520151030:
686	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
687	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
688
68920151020:
690	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
691	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
692	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
693
69420151017:
695	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
696	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
697	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
698	and 'make -N' will not.
699
70020151012:
701	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
702	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
703	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
704	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
705	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
706	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
707	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
708	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
709
71020151011:
711	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
712	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
713	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
714	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
715
71620151006:
717	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
718	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
719	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
720
72120150924:
722	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
723	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
724	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
725	userland debug files.
726
727	When using the supported kernel installation method the
728	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
729	as is done with /boot/kernel.
730
731	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
732	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
733
73420150827:
735	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
736	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
737	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
738	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
739	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
740	rc.d scripts in /etc.
741
74220150827:
743	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
744	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
745	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
746
74720150817:
748	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
749	them, the kernel must have
750
751	device	random
752	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
753
754	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
755	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
756	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
757	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
758
759	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
760	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
761
76220150813:
763	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
764	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
765	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
766
76720150810:
768	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
769	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
770	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
771	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
772
773	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
774	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
775	difference with this change.
776
777	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
778	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
779	remove that workaround.
780
78120150809:
782	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
783	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
784	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
785	with:
786
787	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
788
78920150806:
790	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
791	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
792	loader.rc.local instead.
793
79420150805:
795	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
796	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
797	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
798
79920150728:
800	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
801	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
802	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
803
804	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
805	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
806
80720150706:
808	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
809	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
810	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
811	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
812	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
813	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
814	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
815	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
816	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
817	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
818	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
819	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
820
82120150630:
822	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
823	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
824
825	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
826	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
827	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
828
829	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
830	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
831
832	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
833	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
834	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
835
836	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
837	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
838	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
839	and it is assumed you know what you need.
840
841	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
842	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
843	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
844	behaviour from your security subsystems.
845
846	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
847	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
848	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
849	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
850	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
851	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
852	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
853	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
854	will never happen.
855
85620150623:
857	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
858	entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
859
86020150616:
861	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
862	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
863
86420150615:
865	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
866	below has been committed in revision 284436.  The work
867	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
868	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
869	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
870
87120150614:
872	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
873	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
874	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
875	with Kyuafile and kyua.
876
87720150614:
878	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
879	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
880	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
881	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
882	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
883	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
884	2048 bit DH parameter by:
885
886	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
887	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
888	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
889	   replace it with '2'.
890	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
891	   a file path, create a new file with:
892		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
893	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
894		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
895	5. Restart sendmail:
896		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
897
898	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
899	updated.
900
90120150604:
902	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
903	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
904	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
905	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
906	5.x.
907
908	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
909
91020150525:
911	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
912	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
913	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
914
91520150521:
916	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
917	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
918	and Pandaboard:
919
920	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
921	  same but content is different now
922	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
923	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
924	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
925	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
926	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
927
92820150501:
929	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
930	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
931	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
932
93320150423:
934	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
935	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
936
93720150415:
938	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
939	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
940
94120150416:
942	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
943	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
944	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
945
94620150324:
947	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
948	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
949	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
950	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
951
95220150315:
953	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
954	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
955	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
956
95720150307:
958	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
959	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
960	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
961	kernel before rebooting.
962
96320150217:
964	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
965	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
966	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
967	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
968	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
969	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
970
97120150210:
972	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
973	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
974	with the new kernel.
975
97620150131:
977	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
978	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
979	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
980
98120150118:
982	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
983	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
984	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
985	are not already using 3.5.0.
986
98720150107:
988	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
989	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
990	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
991	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
992	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
993
99420150105:
995	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
996	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
997	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
998	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
999
100020150102:
1001	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1002	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1003
100420141231:
1005	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1006
1007	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1008	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
1009	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1010	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1011	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1012	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1013	later.
1014
1015	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1016	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1017	of the box.
1018
1019	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1020	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1021	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
1022	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1023
1024	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1025	the instructions for 9.x above.
1026
1027	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1028	default, and do not build clang.
1029
1030	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1031	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
1032	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1033
1034	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1035	the following are most likely to appear:
1036
1037	-Wabsolute-value
1038
1039	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1040	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1041	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1042	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
1043	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1044	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1045	  cast, or disable the warning.
1046
1047	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1048	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1049	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1050	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1051	  side-effects.
1052
1053	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1054	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
1055
1056	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1057	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
1058	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1059	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1060
1061	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
1062	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1063	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1064	unreachable could be optimized away.
1065
106620141222:
1067	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1068	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1069	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1070	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1071	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1072	the utilities will report errors.
1073
107420141121:
1075	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1076	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1077	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
1078	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1079	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1080	LOCAL_DIRS.
1081
108220141109:
1083	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1084	has been obsolete for a very long time.
1085
108620141104:
1087	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1088	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1089	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1090	drivers.
1091
1092	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1093	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1094	indicate what you need to do.
1095
1096	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1097	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1098	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1099
1100	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1101	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1102	  kern.vty=sc
1103
110420141102:
1105	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1106	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1107	execute it.
1108
110920141009:
1110	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1111	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1112	devel/gperf port.
1113
111420140923:
1115	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1116	contrib/pjdfstest .
1117
111820140922:
1119	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1120	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1121	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1122	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
1123	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1124	their next update cycle.
1125
112620140729:
1127	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1128	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1129	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1130	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1131	1.12.4_8 or newer.
1132
113320140723:
1134	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1135	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1136
113720140719:
1138	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1139	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1140	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
1141	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1142	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1143	new configuration.
1144
114520140709:
1146	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1147	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1148	them again.
1149	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1150
115120140708:
1152	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1153	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1154	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
1155	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1156	requires readline.
1157
115820140702:
1159	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1160	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1161	architecture.
1162
116320140701:
1164	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1165	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
1166	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1167	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1168	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1169
117020140629:
1171	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1172	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1173	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1174
117520140619:
1176	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1177	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1178	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1179
118020140606:
1181	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1182	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
1183	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1184	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
1185	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1186	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1187	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1188	"make installworld".
1189
1190	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1191	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1192	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1193	is run.
1194
1195	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1196	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1197	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1198	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1199	be removed during a clean upgrade.
1200
120120140512:
1202	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1203
120420140508:
1205	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1206	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1207	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
1208
120920140505:
1210	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1211	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1212	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1213	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1214	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1215	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1216	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1217	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1218	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1219	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1220	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1221	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1222
1223	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1224	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1225	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1226	as well.
1227
122820140430:
1229	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1230	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1231
123220140424:
1233	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1234	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1235	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1236	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1237	build hosts for older releases.
1238
1239	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1240	r276991, respectively.
1241
124220140418:
1243	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1244	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1245	will silently lack HESIOD.
1246
124720140405:
1248	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1249	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1250	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1251	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1252	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1253	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1254	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1255	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1256	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1257	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1258	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1259	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
1260
126120140306:
1262	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1263	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1264	with command line option -W.
1265
126620140226:
1267	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1268	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1269	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1270	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1271	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1272
127320140216:
1274	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1275
127620140216:
1277	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
1278	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1279
128020140212:
1281	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1282	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1283	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
1284	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1285	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1286
128720140204:
1288	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1289	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
1290	kernel is still highly recommended.
1291
129220140131:
1293	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1294	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
1295	capability mode support in kernel.
1296
129720140128:
1298	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1299	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1300	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1301	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1302	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1303
130420140110:
1305	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1306	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1307	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1308	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1309	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1310	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1311
131220131213:
1313	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1314	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1315	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1316	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1317	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1318	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1319	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1320	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1321	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1322
132320131108:
1324	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1325	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
1326	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1327	should change your settings to use the latter.
1328
132920131025:
1330	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1331	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
1332	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
1333	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
1334	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1335
133620131014:
1337	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1338	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1339	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1340	delete-old-libs":
1341	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1342	  or
1343	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1344
134520131010:
1346	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1347	revision r256279.
1348
134920131010:
1350	The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
1351	configuration file.  The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
1352	for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
1353	/var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
1354	This is transparently backward compatible.  See below about some
1355	incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
1356
1357	These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
1358	file.  One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
1359	a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
1360	running the jail(8) utility.   The default pathname of the
1361	configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
1362	using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
1363
1364	Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
1365	this moment.  Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
1366	with an integer.
1367
136820130930:
1369	BIND has been removed from the base system.  If all you need
1370	is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
1371	service instead.  Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
1372	available in the ports tree.   The dns/bind99 port is one example.
1373
1374	With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
1375	system.  Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
1376	in the base system.  Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
1377	be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
1378
137920130916:
1380	With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
1381	required during installworld.  "mergemaster -p" can be used to
1382	add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1383
138420130911:
1385	OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
1386	silently trust signed SSHFP records.  This can be controlled with
1387	the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting.  DNSSEC support
1388	can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
1389
139020130906:
1391	The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
1392	are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
1393	compiler.  You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
1394	options in src.conf.
1395
139620130905:
1397	The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
1398	configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
1399	If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
1400	'options PROCDESC'.
1401
140220130905:
1403	The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
1404	in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
1405	have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
1406	following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
1407	advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
1408	kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
1409
141020130903:
1411	AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc.  The AES-NI module
1412	has been updated to use this support.  A new gcc is required to build
1413	the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
1414
141520130821:
1416	The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
1417	Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
1418	used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
1419
142020130813:
1421	WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets.  WITH_ICONV now
1422	enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
1423	WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
1424	compatibility.  Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
1425	If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
1426	need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
1427
142820130806:
1429	INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
1430	Illumos origin, including ZFS.  If you have INVARIANTS in your
1431	kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
1432	explicitly.
1433	DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
1434	locks if WITNESS option was set.  Because that generated a lot of
1435	witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
1436	positives, this is no longer done.  New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
1437	can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
1438
143920130806:
1440	Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
1441	of time_second.  Although this is not a user-visible functional
1442	change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
1443	rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
1444	to r253970 or later.
1445
144620130802:
1447	find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
1448	instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
1449	not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
1450	would result:
1451
1452	find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
1453
1454	Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
1455	without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
1456	directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
1457	old as well as the new version of find.
1458
145920130726:
1460	Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
1461	Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
1462	path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
1463	slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
1464	subdirectories must be reviewed.
1465
146620130716:
1467	The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
1468	incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
1469	need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1470
1471	To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
1472
1473	NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
1474	users are advised to upgrade.
1475
147620130709:
1477	pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
1478	you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
1479
148020130709:
1481	Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
1482	keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
1483	statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
1484
148520130618:
1486	Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
1487	to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
1488	even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
1489	write access to that file.
1490
149120130615:
1492	CVS has been removed from the base system.  An exact copy
1493	of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
1494
149520130613:
1496	Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
1497
1498		make: illegal option -- J
1499		usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
1500			...
1501		*** [buildworld] Error code 2
1502
1503	this likely due to an old instance of make in
1504	${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
1505	which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
1506	you see the above error:
1507
1508		rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
1509
1510	should resolve it.
1511
151220130516:
1513	Use bmake by default.
1514	Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
1515	-DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
1516	make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
1517
1518	It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
1519	line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
1520	command line.  Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
1521	than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
1522	behavior in parallel build.
1523
152420130429:
1525	Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
1526
152720130426:
1528	The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
1529	the IDEA patent expired.
1530
153120130426:
1532	The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
1533	from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
1534	enabled by default.
1535
153620130425:
1537	The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
1538	rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
1539	order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
1540	install and mtree.  When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
1541	the install command does not support -l, you will need to
1542	install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
1543	This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
1544	&& make install).
1545
154620130404:
1547	Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
1548	FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources.  Kernel modules
1549	atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
1550	removed.  Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
1551	and removed.
1552
155320130319:
1554	SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
1555	and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
1556	automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
1557	binaries will not work on older kernels.
1558
155920130308:
1560	CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
1561	information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
1562
156320130304:
1564	Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
1565	so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
1566	in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
1567	by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
1568	is requested.
1569
1570	The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
1571	but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
1572	option) to save memory.  To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
1573	option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
1574	in /boot/loader.conf.
1575
157620130301:
1577	The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
1578	This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
1579	initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
1580	a CAM target device was created.  This makes a FreeBSD system
1581	unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
1582
158320130208:
1584	A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD.  Please
1585	refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
1586
1587	Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
1588	on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
1589
159020130129:
1591	A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
1592	as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
1593	To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
1594	while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
1595	and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
1596
159720130121:
1598	Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
1599	and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
1600	make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
1601	command line.  If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
1602	you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
1603	/etc/src.conf.
1604
160520130118:
1606	The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
1607	argument that is a file or path to append logs to.  In the
1608	unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
1609	and the command line contained at least two files and a target
1610	directory the first file will have logs appended to it.  The -M
1611	option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
1612	use is expected to be extremely rare.
1613
161420121223:
1615	After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
1616	on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
1617	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
1618
161920121222:
1620	GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
1621	Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
1622	'%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
1623	be updated.
1624
162520121217:
1626	By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved.  To
1627	restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
1628	stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
1629
1630		savecore_flags=""
1631
163220121201:
1633	With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
1634	required during installworld.  "mergemaster -p" can be used to
1635	add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1636
163720121117:
1638	The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
1639	filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
1640	sysctl or routing socket.  This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
1641	id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
1642	This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
1643	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
1644
164520121105:
1646	On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
1647	This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
1648	and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
1649	and /usr/bin/cpp.  To disable this behavior and revert to building
1650	with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
1651	of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
1652	build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
1653	branch point).
1654
165520121102:
1656	The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
1657	functionality now turned on by default.
1658
165920121023:
1660	The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
1661	split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
1662	NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
1663	mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
1664	NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
1665	driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
1666	Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
1667	consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
1668	of the two kernel options.
1669
167020121023:
1671	The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
1672	order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
1673	with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
1674	pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
1675
167620121022:
1677	Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
1678	VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
1679	recompiled.
1680
168120121018:
1682	All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
1683	the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
1684	portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
1685
168620121016:
1687	The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
1688	modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
1689	ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
1690	vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
1691	faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
1692
169320121015:
1694	The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
1695	Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
1696	No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
1697	load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
1698
169920121014:
1700	Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
1701
170220121013:
1703	The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
1704	sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
1705	problems have been reported.  The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
1706	knob has also gone.
1707
170820121006:
1709	The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
1710	filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
1711	with new kernel.
1712
171320121001:
1714	The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
1715	PS-POLL and power-save support.  All wireless drivers need to be
1716	recompiled to work with the new kernel.
1717
171820120913:
1719	The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
1720	generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
1721	Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
1722	needed.  The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
1723	device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
1724	configurations.
1725
172620120908:
1727	The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
1728	snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
1729
173020120828:
1731	A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
1732	to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
1733	imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
1734	this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
1735	manual page.
1736
173720120727:
1738	The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
1739	detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
1740	to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
1741
174220120712:
1743	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c.  Any binaries requiring
1744	libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled.  Also, there are
1745	configuration changes.  Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
1746
174720120712:
1748	The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
1749	with other variables:
1750	  kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered   -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
1751	  kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
1752
175320120628:
1754	The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort.  For now, GNU sort
1755	is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
1756	GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT.  In this case, BSD sort will be
1757	installed as "bsdsort".
1758
175920120611:
1760	A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
1761	Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
1762	is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
1763	compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
1764	pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
1765	is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
1766	read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
1767	Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
1768	on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
1769
177020120417:
1771	The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
1772	as contrib/jemalloc.  The most disruptive API change is to
1773	/etc/malloc.conf.  If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
1774	delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
1775	new format after rebooting.  See malloc.conf(5) for details
1776	(specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
1777	NAMESPACE section).
1778
177920120328:
1780	Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb".  mips64eb
1781	is now spelled mips64.  mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32.  mipseb is
1782	now spelled mips.  This is to aid compatibility with third-party
1783	software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3).  Little-endian
1784	settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
1785	from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
1786	your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
1787
178820120306:
1789	Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
1790	platforms.
1791
179220120229:
1793	Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on	nullfs(5). Previously
1794	nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
1795	as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
1796	only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
1797	only to	the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
1798	lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
1799
180020120211:
1801	The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
1802	If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
1803	recompile libc again with your kernel.  You still need to recompile
1804	world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
1805	comes from 20111215.
1806
180720120114:
1808	The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr.  All
1809	base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
1810	port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
1811	hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
1812
1813	An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
1814	rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
1815
181620120109:
1817	panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
1818	on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
1819	This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
1820	tunable/sysctl.
1821	The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
1822
182320111215:
1824	The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
1825	of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
1826	of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
1827	for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
1828	not supported anymore.
1829
1830	Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
1831	utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
1832	need to be recompiled.
1833
183420111122:
1835	The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
1836	/dev/wmistat0.
1837
183820111108:
1839	The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
1840	explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
1841	It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
1842	time.
1843
184420111101:
1845	The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
1846	i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
1847
184820110930:
1849	sysinstall has been removed
1850
185120110923:
1852	The stable/9 branch created in subversion.  This corresponds to the
1853	RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
1854
1855COMMON ITEMS:
1856
1857	General Notes
1858	-------------
1859	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  While generally safe, there are
1860	sometimes problems using -j to upgrade.  If your upgrade fails with
1861	-j, please try again without -j.  From time to time in the past there
1862	have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld.  This
1863	is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1864	that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1865	several months have passed on the -current branch).
1866
1867	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1868	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1869	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1870	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1871	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1872
1873	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1874	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1875	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1876	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1877	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1878	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1879	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1880	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1881	an exception.
1882
1883	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1884	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1885	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1886	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1887
1888	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1889	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1890	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1891	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1892	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1893	should write them with this in mind.
1894
1895	ZFS notes
1896	---------
1897	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1898	these two steps:
1899
1900	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1901	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1902
1903	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1904
1905	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1906	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1907	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1908
1909	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1910
1911	To build a kernel
1912	-----------------
1913	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1914	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1915	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1916
1917	make kernel-toolchain
1918	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1919	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1920
1921	To test a kernel once
1922	---------------------
1923	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1924	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1925	debugging information) run
1926	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1927	nextboot -k testkernel
1928
1929	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1930	-----------------------------------------------------------
1931	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1932	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1933
1934	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1935	make buildworld
1936	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1937	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1938							[1]
1939	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1940	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1941	make installworld
1942	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1943	make delete-old					[6]
1944	<reboot>
1945
1946	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1947	--------------------------------------------------
1948	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1949	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1950	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1951	# size.
1952
1953	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1954	<boot into -stable>
1955	make buildworld
1956	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1957	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1958	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1959	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1960	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1961	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1962	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1963	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1964	<reboot into current>
1965	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1966	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1967	<reboot>
1968
1969
1970	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1971	----------------------------------------------
1972	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1973	make buildworld					[9]
1974	make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE		[8]
1975							[1]
1976	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1977	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1978	make installworld
1979	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1980	make delete-old					[6]
1981	<reboot>
1982
1983	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1984	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1985	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1986	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1987	the UPDATING entries.
1988
1989	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1990	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
1991	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1992	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1993	much fewer pitfalls.
1994
1995	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1996	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1997	system on reboot.
1998
1999	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2000		fsck -p
2001		mount -u /
2002		mount -a
2003		cd src
2004		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2005	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2006	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2007
2008	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2009	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2010	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2011	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2012	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2013	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
2014	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2015
2016	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2017	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2018	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
2019	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2020	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2021	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2022
2023	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2024	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2025	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2026
2027	[8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2028	do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2029	your kernel.  Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2030	hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2031	required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.  And so on
2032	for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2033
2034	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2035	last time you updated your kernel config file.
2036
2037	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2038	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2039	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2040
2041	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2042	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2043	warn if it is improperly defined.
2044FORMAT:
2045
2046This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2047breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2048list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2049If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2050to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2051
2052Copyright information:
2053
2054Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh.  All Rights Reserved.
2055
2056Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2057modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2058document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2059
2060THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2061IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2062WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2063DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2064INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2065(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2066SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2067HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2068STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2069IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2070POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2071
2072Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2073this document.
2074
2075$FreeBSD$
2076