1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 11.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 11.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420150423: 35 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 36 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 37 3820150415: 39 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 40 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 41 4220150416: 43 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 44 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 45 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 46 4720150324: 48 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 49 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 50 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 51 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 52 5320150315: 54 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 55 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 56 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 57 5820150307: 59 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 60 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 61 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 62 kernel before rebooting. 63 6420150217: 65 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 66 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 67 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 68 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 69 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 70 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 71 7220150210: 73 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 74 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 75 with the new kernel. 76 7720150131: 78 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 79 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 80 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 81 8220150118: 83 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 84 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 85 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 86 are not already using 3.5.0. 87 8820150107: 89 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 90 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 91 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 92 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 93 binutils tools, if necessary. 94 9520150105: 96 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 97 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 98 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 99 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 100 10120150102: 102 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 103 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 104 10520141231: 106 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 107 108 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 109 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 110 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 111 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 112 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 113 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 114 later. 115 116 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 117 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 118 of the box. 119 120 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 121 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 122 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 123 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 124 125 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 126 the instructions for 9.x above. 127 128 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 129 default, and do not build clang. 130 131 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 132 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 133 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 134 135 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 136 the following are most likely to appear: 137 138 -Wabsolute-value 139 140 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 141 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 142 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 143 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 144 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 145 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 146 cast, or disable the warning. 147 148 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 149 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 150 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 151 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 152 side-effects. 153 154 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 155 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 156 157 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 158 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 159 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 160 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 161 162 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 163 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 164 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 165 unreachable could be optimized away. 166 16720141222: 168 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 169 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 170 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 171 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 172 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 173 the utilities will report errors. 174 17520141121: 176 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 177 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 178 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 179 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 180 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 181 LOCAL_DIRS. 182 18320141109: 184 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 185 has been obsolete for a very long time. 186 18720141104: 188 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 189 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 190 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 191 drivers. 192 193 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 194 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 195 indicate what you need to do. 196 197 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 198 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 199 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 200 201 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 202 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 203 kern.vty=sc 204 20520141102: 206 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 207 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 208 execute it. 209 21020141009: 211 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 212 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 213 devel/gperf port. 214 21520140923: 216 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 217 contrib/pjdfstest . 218 21920140922: 220 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 221 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 222 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 223 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 224 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 225 their next update cycle. 226 22720140729: 228 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 229 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 230 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 231 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 232 1.12.4_8 or newer. 233 23420140723: 235 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 236 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 237 23820140719: 239 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 240 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 241 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 242 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 243 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 244 new configuration. 245 24620140709: 247 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 248 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 249 them again. 250 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 251 25220140708: 253 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 254 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 255 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 256 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 257 requires readline. 258 25920140702: 260 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 261 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 262 architecture. 263 26420140701: 265 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 266 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 267 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 268 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 269 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 270 27120140629: 272 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 273 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 274 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 275 27620140619: 277 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 278 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 279 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 280 28120140606: 282 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 283 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 284 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 285 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 286 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 287 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 288 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 289 "make installworld". 290 291 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 292 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 293 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 294 is run. 295 296 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 297 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 298 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 299 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 300 be removed during a clean upgrade. 301 30220140512: 303 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 304 30520140508: 306 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 307 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 308 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 309 31020140505: 311 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 312 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 313 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 314 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 315 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 316 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 317 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 318 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 319 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 320 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 321 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 322 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 323 324 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 325 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 326 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 327 as well. 328 32920140430: 330 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 331 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 332 33320140424: 334 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 335 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 336 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 337 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 338 build hosts for older releases. 339 340 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 341 r276991, respectively. 342 34320140418: 344 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 345 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 346 will silently lack HESIOD. 347 34820140405: 349 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 350 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 351 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 352 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 353 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 354 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 355 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 356 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 357 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 358 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 359 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 360 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 361 36220140306: 363 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 364 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 365 with command line option -W. 366 36720140226: 368 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 369 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 370 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 371 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 372 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 373 37420140216: 375 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 376 37720140216: 378 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 379 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 380 38120140212: 382 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 383 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 384 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 385 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 386 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 387 38820140204: 389 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 390 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 391 kernel is still highly recommended. 392 39320140131: 394 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 395 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 396 capability mode support in kernel. 397 39820140128: 399 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 400 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 401 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 402 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 403 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 404 40520140110: 406 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 407 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 408 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 409 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 410 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 411 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 412 41320131213: 414 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 415 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 416 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 417 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 418 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 419 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 420 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 421 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 422 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 423 42420131108: 425 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 426 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 427 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 428 should change your settings to use the latter. 429 43020131025: 431 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 432 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 433 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 434 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 435 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 436 43720131014: 438 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 439 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 440 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 441 delete-old-libs": 442 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 443 or 444 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 445 44620131010: 447 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8) 448 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables 449 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to 450 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked. 451 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some 452 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details. 453 454 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration 455 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate 456 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without 457 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the 458 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by 459 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables. 460 461 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at 462 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name 463 with an integer. 464 46520130930: 466 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need 467 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound 468 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are 469 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example. 470 471 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base 472 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are 473 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can 474 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port. 475 47620130916: 477 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now 478 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 479 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 480 48120130911: 482 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default 483 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with 484 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support 485 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf. 486 48720130906: 488 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++) 489 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system 490 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX 491 options in src.conf. 492 49320130905: 494 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel 495 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work. 496 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include 497 'options PROCDESC'. 498 49920130905: 500 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified 501 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs 502 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the 503 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is 504 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl, 505 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq. 506 50720130903: 508 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module 509 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build 510 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64. 511 51220130821: 513 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices. 514 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be 515 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG". 516 51720130813: 518 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 519 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 520 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 521 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 522 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely 523 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT. 524 52520130806: 526 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 527 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 528 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 529 explicitly. 530 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 531 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 532 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 533 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 534 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 535 53620130806: 537 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 538 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 539 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 540 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 541 to r253970 or later. 542 54320130802: 544 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 545 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 546 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 547 would result: 548 549 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 550 551 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 552 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 553 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 554 old as well as the new version of find. 555 55620130726: 557 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 558 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 559 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 560 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 561 subdirectories must be reviewed. 562 56320130716: 564 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 565 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 566 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 567 568 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 569 570 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 571 users are advised to upgrade. 572 57320130709: 574 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 575 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 576 57720130709: 578 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 579 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 580 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 581 58220130629: 583 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ; 584 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous. 585 586 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9 587 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid 588 overloading the machine. 589 59020130618: 591 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 592 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 593 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 594 write access to that file. 595 59620130615: 597 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 598 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 599 60020130613: 601 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 602 603 make: illegal option -- J 604 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 605 ... 606 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 607 608 this likely due to an old instance of make in 609 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 610 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 611 you see the above error: 612 613 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 614 615 should resolve it. 616 61720130516: 618 Use bmake by default. 619 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 620 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 621 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 622 623 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 624 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 625 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 626 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 627 behavior in parallel build. 628 62920130429: 630 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 631 63220130426: 633 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 634 the IDEA patent expired. 635 63620130426: 637 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 638 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 639 enabled by default. 640 64120130425: 642 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 643 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 644 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 645 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 646 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 647 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 648 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 649 && make install). 650 65120130404: 652 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 653 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 654 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 655 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 656 and removed. 657 65820130319: 659 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 660 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 661 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 662 binaries will not work on older kernels. 663 66420130308: 665 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 666 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 667 66820130304: 669 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 670 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 671 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 672 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 673 is requested. 674 675 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 676 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 677 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 678 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 679 in /boot/loader.conf. 680 68120130301: 682 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 683 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 684 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 685 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 686 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 687 68820130208: 689 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 690 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 691 692 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 693 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 694 69520130129: 696 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 697 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 698 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 699 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 700 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 701 70220130121: 703 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 704 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 705 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 706 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 707 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 708 /etc/src.conf. 709 71020130118: 711 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 712 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 713 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 714 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 715 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 716 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 717 use is expected to be extremely rare. 718 71920121223: 720 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 721 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 722 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 723 72420121222: 725 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 726 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 727 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 728 be updated. 729 73020121217: 731 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 732 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 733 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 734 735 savecore_flags="" 736 73720121201: 738 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 739 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 740 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 741 74220121117: 743 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 744 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 745 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 746 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 747 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 748 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 749 75020121105: 751 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 752 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 753 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 754 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 755 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 756 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 757 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 758 branch point). 759 76020121102: 761 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 762 functionality now turned on by default. 763 76420121023: 765 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 766 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 767 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 768 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 769 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 770 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 771 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 772 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 773 of the two kernel options. 774 77520121023: 776 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 777 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 778 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 779 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 780 78120121022: 782 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 783 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 784 recompiled. 785 78620121018: 787 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 788 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 789 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 790 79120121016: 792 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 793 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 794 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 795 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 796 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 797 79820121015: 799 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 800 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 801 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 802 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 803 80420121014: 805 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 806 80720121013: 808 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 809 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 810 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 811 knob has also gone. 812 81320121006: 814 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 815 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 816 with new kernel. 817 81820121001: 819 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 820 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 821 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 822 82320120913: 824 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 825 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 826 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if 827 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 828 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel 829 configurations. 830 83120120908: 832 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 833 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 834 83520120828: 836 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 837 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 838 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 839 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 840 manual page. 841 84220120727: 843 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 844 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 845 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 846 84720120712: 848 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 849 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 850 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 851 85220120712: 853 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 854 with other variables: 855 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 856 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 857 85820120628: 859 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 860 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 861 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 862 installed as "bsdsort". 863 86420120611: 865 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 866 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 867 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 868 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 869 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 870 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 871 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 872 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 873 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 874 87520120417: 876 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 877 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 878 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 879 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 880 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 881 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 882 NAMESPACE section). 883 88420120328: 885 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 886 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 887 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 888 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 889 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 890 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 891 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 892 89320120306: 894 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 895 platforms. 896 89720120229: 898 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 899 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 900 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 901 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 902 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 903 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 904 90520120211: 906 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 907 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 908 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 909 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 910 comes from 20111215. 911 91220120114: 913 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 914 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 915 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 916 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 917 918 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 919 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 920 92120120109: 922 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 923 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 924 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 925 tunable/sysctl. 926 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 927 92820111215: 929 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 930 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 931 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 932 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 933 not supported anymore. 934 935 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 936 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 937 need to be recompiled. 938 93920111122: 940 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 941 /dev/wmistat0. 942 94320111108: 944 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 945 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 946 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 947 time. 948 94920111101: 950 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 951 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 952 95320110930: 954 sysinstall has been removed 955 95620110923: 957 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 958 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 959 960COMMON ITEMS: 961 962 General Notes 963 ------------- 964 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 965 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 966 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 967 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 968 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 969 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 970 several months have passed on the -current branch). 971 972 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 973 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 974 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 975 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 976 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 977 978 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 979 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 980 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 981 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 982 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 983 984 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 985 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 986 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 987 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 988 989 ZFS notes 990 --------- 991 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 992 these two steps: 993 994 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 995 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 996 997 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 998 999 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1000 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1001 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 1002 1003 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1004 1005 To build a kernel 1006 ----------------- 1007 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1008 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1009 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1010 1011 make kernel-toolchain 1012 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1013 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1014 1015 To test a kernel once 1016 --------------------- 1017 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1018 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1019 debugging information) run 1020 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1021 nextboot -k testkernel 1022 1023 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1024 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1025 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1026 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1027 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1028 1029 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1030 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1031 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1032 make depend 1033 make 1034 make install 1035 1036 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1037 1038 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1039 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1040 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1041 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1042 1043 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1044 make buildworld 1045 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1046 [1] 1047 <reboot in single user> [3] 1048 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1049 make installworld 1050 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1051 make delete-old [6] 1052 <reboot> 1053 1054 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1055 -------------------------------------------------- 1056 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1057 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1058 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1059 # size. 1060 1061 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1062 <boot into -stable> 1063 make buildworld 1064 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1065 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1066 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1067 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1068 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1069 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1070 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1071 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1072 <reboot into current> 1073 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1074 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1075 <reboot> 1076 1077 1078 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1079 ---------------------------------------------- 1080 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1081 make buildworld [9] 1082 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1083 [1] 1084 <reboot in single user> [3] 1085 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1086 make installworld 1087 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1088 make delete-old [6] 1089 <reboot> 1090 1091 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1092 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1093 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1094 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1095 the UPDATING entries. 1096 1097 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1098 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1099 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1100 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1101 much fewer pitfalls. 1102 1103 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1104 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1105 system on reboot. 1106 1107 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1108 fsck -p 1109 mount -u / 1110 mount -a 1111 cd src 1112 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1113 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1114 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1115 1116 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1117 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1118 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1119 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1120 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1121 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1122 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1123 1124 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1125 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1126 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1127 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1128 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1129 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1130 1131 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1132 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1133 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1134 1135 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1136 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1137 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1138 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1139 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1140 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1141 1142 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1143 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1144 1145 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1146 cvs prune empty directories. 1147 1148 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1149 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1150 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1151 1152 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1153 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1154 warn if it is improperly defined. 1155FORMAT: 1156 1157This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1158breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1159list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1160If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1161to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1162 1163Copyright information: 1164 1165Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1166 1167Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1168modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1169document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1170 1171THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1172IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1173WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1174DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1175INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1176(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1177SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1178HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1179STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1180IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1181POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1182 1183Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1184this document. 1185 1186$FreeBSD$ 1187