1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020230612: 31 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda. 32 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a 33 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1 34 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel 35 config. The default has been nda on all non-x86 platforms for some time 36 now. If you need to fall back, please email imp@freebsd.org about why. 37 3820230422: 39 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree 40 using git instead. 41 4220230420: 43 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging 44 eg. 45 make buildworld-jobs 46 runs 47 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1 48 49 where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env. 50 5120230316: 52 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed. 53 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 54 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and 55 "device imx6_ipu" to it. 56 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 57 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it. 58 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't 59 exist anymore. 60 6120230221: 62 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 63 for details. 64 6520230206: 66 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 67 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 68 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 69 7020230204: 71 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 72 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 73 7420230130: 75 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 76 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 77 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 78 7920230126: 80 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 81 system are now built unconditionally. 82 8320230113: 84 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 85 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 86 8720221212: 88 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 89 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 90 91 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 92 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 93 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 94 9520221205: 96 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 97 to reenable sendmail(8): 98 99 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 100 101 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 102 10320221204: 104 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 105 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 106 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 107 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 108 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 109 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 110 111 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 112 11320221122: 114 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 115 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 116 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 117 11820221121: 119 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 120 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 121 12220221026: 123 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 124 for pkgbase users to do: 125 126 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 127 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 128 129 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 130 installed. 131 13220220610: 133 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 134 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 135 13620211230: 137 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 138 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 139 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 140 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 141 reflect this change. 142 14320211214: 144 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 145 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 146 14720211209: 148 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 149 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 150 the coming days and weeks. 151 152 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 153 or touch 154 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 155 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 156 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 157 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 158 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 159 16020211202: 161 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 162 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 163 statement in unbound.conf: 164 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 165 166 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 167 168 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 169 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 170 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 171 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 172 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 173 such names when roaming to different homenets. 174 17520211110: 176 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 177 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 178 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 179 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 180 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 181 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 182 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 183 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 184 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 185 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 186 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 187 18820211118: 189 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 190 tree shortly. 191 19220211106: 193 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 194 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 195 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 196 may need to be modified. 197 19820211022: 199 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 200 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 201 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 202 20320211020: 204 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 205 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 206 207 # chsh -s csh 208 20920211004: 210 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 211 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 212 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 213 this change. 214 21520210923: 216 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 217 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 218 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 219 list of modules to load on their systems. 220 22120210922: 222 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 223 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 224 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 225 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 226 22720210911: 228 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 229 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 230 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 231 being loaded. 232 23320210817: 234 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 235 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 236 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 237 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 238 application-specific configuration option for applications 239 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 240 24120210811: 242 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 243 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 244 24520210730: 246 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 247 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 248 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 249 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 250 25120210729: 252 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 253 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 254 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 255 25620210716: 257 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 258 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 259 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 260 26120210715: 262 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 263 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 264 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 265 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 266 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 267 to update your sources past the above hash and do 268 % cd usr.bin/awk 269 % make clean all 270 % sudo -E make install 271 to enable building kernels again. 272 27320210708: 274 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 275 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 276 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 277 27820210707: 279 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 280 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 281 28220210624: 283 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 284 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 285 for NFSv4 mounts. 286 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 287 28820210618: 289 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 290 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 291 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 292 additions and others. 293 29420210618: 295 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 296 renamed to "untrusted". 297 29820210611: 299 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 300 please install the svn package or port. 301 30220210611: 303 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 304 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 305 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 306 30720210610: 308 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 309 31020210608: 311 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 312 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 313https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 314 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 315 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 316 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 317 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 318 31920210525: 320 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 321 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 322 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 323 detect this. 324 32520210513: 326 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 327 libraries and utilities are packaged. 328 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 329 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 330 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 331 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 332 on the system. 333 33420210426: 335 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 336 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 337 need to be rebuilt from sources. 338 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 339 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 340 is not recommended. 341 34220210411: 343 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 344 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 345 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 346 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 347 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 348 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 349 35020210330: 351 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 352 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 353 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 354 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 355 35620210225: 357 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 358 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 359 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 360 36120210128: 362 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 363 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 364 update. 365 36620210108: 367 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 368 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 369 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 370 since it was bumped so recently. 371 37220210107: 373 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 374 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 375 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 376 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 377 37820210105: 379 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 380 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 381 requires a clean build. 382 38320201223: 384 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 385 instructions can be found at 386 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 387 and other documents in that repo. 388 38920201216: 390 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 391 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 392 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 393 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 394 39520201215: 396 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 397 may be installed from ports or packages. 398 39920201124: 400 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 401 See ping(8) for details. 402 40320201108: 404 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 405 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 406 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 407 40820201030: 409 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 410 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 411 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 412 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 413 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 414 41520201026: 416 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 417 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 418 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 419 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 420 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 421 find. 422 42320200923: 424 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 425 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 426 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 427 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 428 429 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 430 command you want to un-auger the tree is 431 cd sys/amd64/conf 432 svn revert -R . 433 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 434 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 435 43620200824: 437 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 438 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 439 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 440 unless you want to use new features. 441 442 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 443 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 444 rebuilding world may fail. 445 446 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 447 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 448 449 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 450 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 451 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 452 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 453 45420200824: 455 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 456 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 457 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 458 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 459 46020200821: 461 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 462 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 463 sources. 464 46520200817: 466 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 467 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 468 46920200816: 470 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 471 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 472 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 473 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 474 47520200810: 476 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 477 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 478 from sources, so a version bump was done. 479 48020200807: 481 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 482 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 483 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 484 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 485 48620200729: 487 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 488 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 489 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 490 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 491 continue to function. 492 493 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 494 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 495 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 496 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 497 49820200627: 499 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 500 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 501 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 502 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 503 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 504 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 505 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 506 50720200625: 508 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 509 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 510 51120200613: 512 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 513 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 514 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 515 51620200604: 517 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 518 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 519 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 520 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 521 522 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 523 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 524 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 525 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 526 /root/.shrc. 527 52820200523: 529 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 530 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 531 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 532 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 533 53420200512: 535 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 536 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 537 53820200424: 539 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 540 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 541 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 542 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 543 be functional without closefrom(2). 544 54520200414: 546 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 547 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 548 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 549 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 550 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 551 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 552 55320200310: 554 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 555 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 556 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 557 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 558 55920200309: 560 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 561 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 562 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 563 56420200301: 565 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 566 56720200229: 568 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 569 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 570 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 571 57220200229: 573 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 574 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 575 57620200229: 577 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 578 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 579 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 580 ports or packages. 581 58220200220: 583 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 584 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 585 ncurses. 586 58720200217: 588 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 589 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 590 together with their new kernel. 591 59220200212: 593 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 594 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 595 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 596 597 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 598 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 599 60020200108: 601 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 602 linker for riscv64. 603 60420200107: 605 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 606 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 607 external toolchain package. 608 60920200104: 610 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 611 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 612 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 613 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 614 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 615 61620200102: 617 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 618 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 619 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 620 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 621 62220191226: 623 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 624 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 625 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 626 ABI. 627 62820191226: 629 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 630 63120191222: 632 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 633 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 634 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 635 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 636 63720191212: 638 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 639 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 640 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 641 64220191205: 643 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 644 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 645 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 646 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 647 differences between those included in the port and those included in 648 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 649 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 650 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 651 65220191120: 653 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 654 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 655 for automounting. 656 65720191107: 658 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 659 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 660 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 661 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 662 add superio to the set. 663 66420191021: 665 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 666 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 667 66820191021: 669 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 670 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 671 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 672 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 673 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 674 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 675 completely in the future. 676 67720191009: 678 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 679 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 680 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 681 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 682 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 683 will be removed from the list. 684 68520191009: 686 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 687 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 688 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 689 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 690 69120191003: 692 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 693 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 694 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 695 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 696 69720190913: 698 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 699 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 700 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 701 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 702 70320190823: 704 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 705 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 706 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 707 70820190727: 709 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 710 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 711 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 712 your scripts, because they had no effect. 713 714 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 715 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 716 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 717 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 718 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 719 72020190713: 721 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 722 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 723 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 724 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 725 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 726 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 727 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 728 72920190620: 730 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 731 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 732 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 733 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 734 73520190612: 736 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 737 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 738 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 739 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 740 74120190608: 742 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 743 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 744 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 745 74620190513: 747 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 748 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 749 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 750 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 751 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 752 avoid running into the limit. 753 75420190507: 755 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 756 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 757 75820190507: 759 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 760 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 761 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 762 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 763 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 764 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 765 76620190418: 767 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 768 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 769 entropy: 770 771 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 772 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 773 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 774 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 775 availability properties. 776 777 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 778 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 779 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 780 initial condition, if desired. 781 782 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 783 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 784 785 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 786 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 787 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 788 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 789 79020190416: 791 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 792 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 793 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 794 therefore unblocked). 795 79620190404: 797 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 798 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 799 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 800 is added to the command line. 801 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 802 not affected and should continue to work. 803 80420190320: 805 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 806 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 807 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 808 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 809 81020190304: 811 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 812 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 813 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 814 or higher. 815 81620190226: 817 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 818 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 819 kernel config. 820 82120190219: 822 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 823 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 824 migrating to the drm ports. 825 82620190131: 827 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 828 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 829 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 830 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 831 is loaded automatically. 832 83320190125: 834 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 835 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 836 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 837 kernel config files. 838 83920181230: 840 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 841 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 842 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 843 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 844 84520181220: 846 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 847 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 848 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 849 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 850 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 851 most NFSv4 mounts. 852 85320181219: 854 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 855 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 856 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 857 858 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 859 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 860 861 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 862 removed from the mips port. 863 86420181211: 865 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 866 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 867 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 868 or higher. 869 87020181211: 871 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 872 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 873 87420181126: 875 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 876 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 877 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 878 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 879 88020181123: 881 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 882 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 883 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 884 88520181115: 886 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 887 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 888 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 889 FreeBSD versions. 890 89120181110: 892 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 893 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 894 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 895 896 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 897 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 898 being included using the command: 899 $ newsyslog -Nrv 900 90120181015: 902 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 903 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 904 drm-legacy-kmod. 905 906 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 907 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 908 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 909 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 910 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 911 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 912 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 913 that as you will get better support. 914 915 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 916 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 917 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 918 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 919 920 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 921 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 922 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 923 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 924 shortly. 925 92620181012: 927 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 928 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 929 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 930 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 931 be adjusted as necessary. 932 93320181009: 934 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 935 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 936 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 937 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 938 93920181006: 940 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 941 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 942 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 943 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 944 encouraged. 945 94620181002: 947 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 948 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 949 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 950 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 951 nda device name. 952 95320180913: 954 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 955 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 956 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 957 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 958 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 959 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 960 96120180826: 962 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 963 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 964 default since FreeBSD-11. 965 96620180822: 967 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 968 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 969 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 970 97120180818: 972 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 973 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 974 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 975 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 976 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 977 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 978 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 979 980 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 981 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 982 98320180815: 984 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 985 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 986 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 987 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 988 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 989 may not be observed in a future release. 990 99120180808: 992 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 993 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 994 your environment. 995 99620180731: 997 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 998 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 999 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 1000 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 1001 100220180730: 1003 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 1004 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 1005 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 1006 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 1007 runtime services. 1008 100920180727: 1010 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 1011 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 1012 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 1013 101420180723: 1015 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 1016 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 1017 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 1018 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 1019 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 1020 102120180720: 1022 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 1023 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 1024 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 1025 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 1026 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 1027 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 1028 102920180719: 1030 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1031 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1032 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1033 boot_serial=YES 1034 boot_multicons=YES 1035 in /boot/loader.conf 1036 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1037 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1038 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1039 104020180719: 1041 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1042 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1043 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1044 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1045 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1046 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1047 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1048 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1049 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1050 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1051 by the ntpd user. 1052 105320180717: 1054 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1055 105620180711: 1057 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1058 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1059 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1060 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1061 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1062 106320180705: 1064 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1065 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1066 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1067 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1068 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1069 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1070 107120180702: 1072 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1073 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1074 107520180701: 1076 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1077 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1078 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1079 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1080 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1081 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1082 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1083 108420180630: 1085 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1086 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1087 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1088 or higher. 1089 109020180628: 1091 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1092 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1093 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1094 file. 1095 109620180612: 1097 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1098 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1099 110020180530: 1101 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1102 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1103 longer necessary. 1104 110520180530: 1106 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1107 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1108 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1109 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1110 111120180523: 1112 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1113 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1114 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1115 later than r334108. 1116 111720180517: 1118 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1119 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1120 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1121 it must be removed. 1122 112320180510: 1124 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1125 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1126 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1127 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1128 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1129 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1130 will go away. 1131 1132 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1133 workaround is necessary. 1134 113520180508: 1136 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1137 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1138 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1139 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1140 114120180504: 1142 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1143 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1144 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1145 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1146 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1147 114820180502: 1149 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1150 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1151 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1152 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1153 115420180501: 1155 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1156 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1157 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1158 be removed. 1159 116020180413: 1161 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1162 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1163 removed. 1164 116520180411: 1166 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1167 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1168 removed. 1169 117020180406: 1171 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1172 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1173 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1174 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1175 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1176 1177 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1178 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1179 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1180 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1181 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1182 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1183 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1184 1185 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1186 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1187 1188 source src { 1189 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1190 } 1191 1192 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1193 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1194 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1195 1196 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1197 1198 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1199 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1200 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1201 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1202 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1203 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1204 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1205 1206 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1207 change. 1208 120920180328: 1210 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1211 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1212 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1213 121420180323: 1215 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1216 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1217 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1218 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1219 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1220 should be as simple as: 1221 1222 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1223 $ make depend all install 1224 122520180212: 1226 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1227 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1228 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1229 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1230 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1231 provisions for backup boot methods. 1232 123320180211: 1234 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1235 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1236 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1237 imp@freebsd.org. 1238 123920180114: 1240 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1241 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1242 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1243 or higher. 1244 124520180110: 1246 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1247 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1248 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1249 1250 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1251 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1252 125320180110: 1254 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1255 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1256 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1257 remove it from kernel config files. 1258 125920180104: 1260 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1261 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1262 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1263 1264 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1265 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1266 126720180102: 1268 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1269 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1270 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1271 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1272 127320171215: 1274 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1275 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1276 127720171214: 1278 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1279 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1280 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1281 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1282 128320171125: 1284 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1285 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1286 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1287 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1288 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1289 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1290 129120171110: 1292 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1293 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1294 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1295 129620171106: 1297 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1298 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1299 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1300 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1301 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1302 130320171102: 1304 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1305 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1306 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1307 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1308 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1309 environment. 1310 131120171101: 1312 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1313 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1314 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1315 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1316 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1317 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1318 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1319 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1320 than hardcoding paths. 1321 132220171028: 1323 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1324 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1325 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1326 132720171021: 1328 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1329 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1330 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1331 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1332 133320171010: 1334 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1335 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1336 133720171005: 1338 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1339 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1340 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1341 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1342 134320171003: 1344 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1345 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1346 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1347 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1348 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1349 135020170912: 1351 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1352 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1353 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1354 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1355 /etc/ctl.conf . 1356 135720170912: 1358 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1359 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1360 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1361 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1362 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1363 136420170826: 1365 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1366 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1367 136820170825: 1369 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1370 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1371 to complete. 1372 137320170814: 1374 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1375 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1376 ${TESTSDIR}. 1377 1378 Behavioral changes: 1379 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1380 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1381 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1382 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1383 1384 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1385 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1386 sandbox if successful. 1387 1388 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1389 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1390 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1391 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1392 an unprivileged user. 1393 139420170808: 1395 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1396 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1397 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1398 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1399 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1400 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1401 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1402 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1403 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1404 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1405 to which you should answer yes. 1406 140720170728: 1408 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1409 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1410 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1411 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1412 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1413 141420170722: 1415 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1416 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1417 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1418 141920170701: 1420 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1421 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1422 142320170625: 1424 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1425 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1426 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1427 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1428 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1429 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1430 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1431 143220170623: 1433 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1434 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1435 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1436 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1437 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1438 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1439 144020170620: 1441 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1442 if you require the GPL compiler. 1443 144420170618: 1445 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1446 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1447 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1448 144920170617: 1450 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1451 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1452 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1453 followed. 1454 145520170531: 1456 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1457 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1458 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1459 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1460 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1461 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1462 146320170524: 1464 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1465 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1466 which only require one chipset support. 1467 1468 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1469 1470 if_ath_load="YES" 1471 1472 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1473 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1474 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1475 1476 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 1477 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1478 1479 * load ath_hal 1480 * load the chip modules in question 1481 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1482 * load ath_main 1483 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1484 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1485 1486 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1487 148820170523: 1489 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1490 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1491 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1492 1493 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1494 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1495 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1496 1497 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1498 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1499 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1500 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1501 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1502 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1503 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1504 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1505 150620170424: 1507 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1508 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1509 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1510 151120170420: 1512 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1513 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1514 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1515 151620170413: 1517 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1518 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1519 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1520 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1521 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1522 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1523 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1524 152520170407: 1526 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1527 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1528 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1529 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1530 153120170405: 1532 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1533 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1534 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1535 153620170331: 1537 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1538 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1539 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1540 154120170329: 1542 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1543 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1544 1545 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1546 via one of the following methods: 1547 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1548 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1549 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1550 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1551 1552 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1553 155420170316: 1555 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1556 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1557 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1558 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1559 with mmc.ko). 1560 156120170315: 1562 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1563 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1564 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1565 be prefixed with colon. 1566 156720170311: 1568 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1569 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1570 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1571 157220170302: 1573 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1574 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1575 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1576 157720170221: 1578 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1579 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1580 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1581 change. 1582 158320170216: 1584 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1585 valid. 1586 158720170215: 1588 MCA bus support has been removed. 1589 159020170127: 1591 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1592 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1593 159420170112: 1595 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1596 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1597 159820170109: 1599 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1600 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1601 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1602 configuration. 1603 160420161217: 1605 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1606 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1607 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1608 160920161124: 1610 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1611 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1612 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1613 161420161119: 1615 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1616 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1617 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1618 161920161030: 1620 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1621 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1622 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1623 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1624 162520161017: 1626 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1627 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1628 parts. 1629 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1630 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1631 163220161015: 1633 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1634 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1635 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1636 removed from base. 1637 163820161008: 1639 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1640 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1641 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1642 164320161003: 1644 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1645 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1646 164720160924: 1648 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1649 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1650 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1651 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1652 165320160918: 1654 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1655 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1656 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1657 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1658 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1659 166020160918: 1661 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1662 166320160908: 1664 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1665 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1666 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1667 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1668 166920160824: 1670 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1671 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1672 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1673 to 1200005. 1674 167520160818: 1676 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1677 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1678 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1679 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1680 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1681 0. 1682 168320160818: 1684 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1685 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1686 168720160708: 1688 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1689 1690After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 1691from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 1692entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 1693UPDATING file. 1694 1695COMMON ITEMS: 1696 1697 General Notes 1698 ------------- 1699 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1700 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1701 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1702 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1703 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1704 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 1705 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 1706 report a bug if it happens consistently. 1707 1708 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1709 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1710 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1711 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1712 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1713 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1714 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1715 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1716 an exception. 1717 1718 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 1719 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 1720 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 1721 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 1722 step. 1723 1724 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1725 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1726 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1727 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1728 1729 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1730 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1731 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1732 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1733 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1734 should write them with this in mind. 1735 1736 ZFS notes 1737 --------- 1738 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 1739 always follow these three steps: 1740 1741 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1742 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1743 1744 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 1745 doing a zpool upgrade): 1746 1747 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 1748 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1749 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 1750 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 1751 1752 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 1753 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 1754 zpool upgrade. 1755 1756 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1757 1758 EFI notes 1759 --------- 1760 1761 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 1762 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 1763 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 1764 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 1765 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 1766 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 1767 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 1768 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 1769 1770 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 1771 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 1772 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 1773 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 1774 1775 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 1776 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 1777 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 1778 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 1779 1780 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 1781 1782 To build a kernel 1783 ----------------- 1784 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1785 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1786 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1787 1788 make kernel-toolchain 1789 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1790 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1791 1792 To test a kernel once 1793 --------------------- 1794 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1795 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1796 debugging information) run 1797 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1798 nextboot -k testkernel 1799 1800 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1801 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1802 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1803 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1804 1805 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1806 make buildworld 1807 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1808 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1809 [1] 1810 <reboot in single user> [3] 1811 etcupdate -p [5] 1812 make installworld 1813 etcupdate -B [4] 1814 make delete-old [6] 1815 <reboot> 1816 1817 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1818 -------------------------------------------------- 1819 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1820 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1821 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1822 # size. 1823 1824 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1825 <boot into -stable> 1826 make buildworld 1827 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1828 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1829 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1830 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1831 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1832 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1833 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1834 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1835 <reboot into current> 1836 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1837 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1838 <reboot> 1839 1840 1841 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1842 ---------------------------------------------- 1843 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1844 make buildworld [9] 1845 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1846 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1847 [1] 1848 <reboot in single user> [3] 1849 etcupdate -p [5] 1850 make installworld 1851 etcupdate -B [4] 1852 make delete-old [6] 1853 <reboot> 1854 1855 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1856 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1857 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1858 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1859 the UPDATING entries. 1860 1861 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1862 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1863 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1864 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1865 much fewer pitfalls. 1866 1867 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 1868 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 1869 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 1870 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 1871 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 1872 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 1873 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 1874 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 1875 and effective, eg: 1876 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 1877 1878 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1879 fsck -p 1880 mount -u / 1881 mount -a 1882 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 1883 cd src # full path to source 1884 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1885 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 1886 into single user mode to do the installworld. 1887 1888 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1889 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1890 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1891 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1892 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1893 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 1894 1895 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1896 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1897 step. 1898 1899 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1900 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1901 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1902 1903 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 1904 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 1905 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 1906 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 1907 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 1908 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 1909 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 1910 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 1911 1912 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1913 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 1914 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 1915 for these as well. 1916 1917 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1918 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1919 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1920 1921 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1922 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1923 warn if it is improperly defined. 1924FORMAT: 1925 1926This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1927breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1928list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1929If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1930to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1931 1932Copyright information: 1933 1934Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 1935 1936Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1937modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1938document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1939 1940THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1941IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1942WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1943DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1944INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1945(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1946SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1947HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1948STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1949IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1950POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1951 1952Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1953this document. 1954 1955$FreeBSD$ 1956