xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 9bc300465e48e19d794d88d0c158a2adb92c7197)
1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 15.x IS SLOW:
16	FreeBSD 15.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
20	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
21	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
22	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
26	debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27	world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28	at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
29
3020240729:
31	The build now defaults to WITHOUT_CLEAN - i.e., no automatic clean
32	is performed at the beginning of buildworld or buildkernel.  The
33	WITH_CLEAN src.conf(5) knob can be used to restore the previous
34	behaviour.
35
36	If you encounter incremental build issues, please report them to the
37	freebsd-current mailing list so that a special-case dependency can be
38	added, if necessary.
39
4020240712:
41	Support for armv6 has been disconnected and is being removed.
42
4320240617:
44	ifconfig now treats IPv4 addresses without a width or mask as an error.
45	Specify the desired mask or width along with the IP address on the
46	ifconfig command line and in rc.conf.
47
4820240428:
49	OpenBSM auditing runtime (auditd, etc.) has been moved into the new
50	package FreeBSD-audit.  If you use OpenBSM auditing and pkgbase, you
51	should install FreeBSD-audit.
52
5320240424:
54	cron, lpr, and ntpd have been moved from FreeBSD-utilities into their
55	own packages.  If you use pkgbase, you should install the relevant
56	packages: FreeBSD-cron, FreeBSD-lp, or FreeBSD-ntp.
57
5820240205:
59	For dynamically linked programs, system calls are now made from
60	libsys rather than libc.  No change in linkage is required as
61	libsys is an auxiliary filter for libc.  People building custom
62	images must ensure that libsys.so.7 is included.
63
6420240202:
65	Loader now also read configuration files listed in local_loader_conf_files.
66	Files listed here are the last ones read. And /boot/loader.conf.local was
67	moved from loader_conf_files to local_loader_conf_files leaving only
68	loader.conf and device.hints in loader_conf_files by default.
69
70	The following sequencing is applied:
71
72	1. Bootstrap:
73	    /boot/defaults/loader.conf
74
75	2. Read loader_conf_files files:
76	    /boot/device.hints
77	    /boot/loader.conf
78
79	3. Read loader_conf_dirs files:
80	    /boot/loader.conf.d/*.conf
81
82	4. And finally, rread local_loader_conf_files files:
83	    /boot/loader.conf.local
84
8520240201:
86	sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged.  This version enforces
87	stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line
88	endings.  This may cause issues with receiving messages from
89	non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in
90	contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations.
91
9220240111:
93	Commit cc760de2183f changed the internal interface between
94	the nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both need to be
95	rebuilt from sources.  Therefore, __FreeBSD_version was
96	bumped to 1500010.
97
9820231120:
99	If you have an arm64 system that uses ACPI, you will need to update your
100	loader.efi in the ESP when you update past this point.  Detection of ACPI
101	was moved earlier in the binary so the scripts could use it, but old
102	binaries don't have this, so we default to 'no ACPI' in this case. You can
103	undisable ACPI by doing
104		OK unset hint.acpi.0.disabled
105	This can also be used to recover any other system that was updated in the
106	small window where amd64 was also broken.
107
10820231113:
109	The WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD option has been removed.  When LLD is enabled
110	it is always installed as /usr/bin/ld.
111
11220231027:
113	Forward compatibility (running the new code on old kernels) for the
114	"ino64" project have been removed. The need for it has passed long ago.
115
11620231018:
117	Commit 57ce37f9dcd0 changed the internal KAPI between the
118	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  Both must be rebuilt from sources.
119
12020231010:
121	dialog(1) has been replaced in base by bsddialog(1), while most of the
122	time replacing a dialog(1) call by a bsddialog(1) call works out of the
123	box, bsddialog(1) is not considered as a drop-in replacement for
124	dialog(1).
125
126	If you do depend on dialog(1) functionality, please install cdialog
127	from ports:
128
129	pkg install cdialog
130
13120230927:
132	The EARLY_AP_STARTUP kernel option is mandatory on x86.  The option
133	has been added to DEFAULTS, so it should automatically be included in
134	custom kernel configurations without any additional change.
135
13620230922:
137	A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default
138	behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required
139	recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP.
140
14120230914:
142	Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by
143	default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf.
144
14520230911:
146	Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang
147	internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems
148	installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow
149	for these file moves:
150
151		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities
152		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev
153		pkg upgrade -y
154
15520230909:
156	Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which
157	belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module
158	loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are
159	corresponding kernel environment variables.
160
16120230901:
162	The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have
163	been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively.
164
16520230824:
166	FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT.
167
16820230817:
169	Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has
170	been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry
171	practice and typcial firmware serial console redirection
172	configuration.
173
174	Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not
175	support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may
176	set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot
177	components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start
178	with the serial port at 115200.
179
18020230807:
181	Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus-
182	frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is
183	integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's
184	no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or
185	"device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration.
186
18720230803:
188	MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config.
189	Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt.
190
19120230724:
192	CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
193	to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
194	BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
195	for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
196	the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
197
19820230713:
199	stable/14 branch created.
200
20120230629:
202	The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
203	atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
204	change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
205	file a PR and assign it to imp.
206
20720230623:
208	OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
209	the base system.  It is important to rebuild third-party software
210	after upgrading.
211
21220230619:
213	To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
214	filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
215	locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
216	delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
217
218		sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
219		service pf restart
220
221	When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
222	filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
223
22420230613:
225	Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
226	follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
227	authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
228	quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
229	already properly quoted or escaped.
230
23120230612:
232	Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
233	nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
234	nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
235	in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
236	config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
237	kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf.  The default has been nda on
238	all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
239	please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
240
241	Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
242	migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
243
24420230422:
245	Remove portsnap(8).  Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
246	using git instead.
247
24820230420:
249	Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
250	eg.
251		make buildworld-jobs
252	runs
253		make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
254
255	where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
256
25720230316:
258	Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
259	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
260	IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
261	"device imx6_ipu" to it.
262	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
263	TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
264	If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
265	exist anymore.
266
26720230221:
268	Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
269	for details.
270
27120230206:
272	sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
273	Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
274	`X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
275
27620230204:
277	Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
278	to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
279
28020230130:
281	As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
282	to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
283	to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
284
28520230126:
286	The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
287	system are now built unconditionally.
288
28920230113:
290	LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
291	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
292
29320221212:
294	llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump.  Previously there was
295	no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
296
297	Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
298	GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
299	objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
300
30120221205:
302	dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta.  For people willing
303	to reenable sendmail(8):
304
305	$ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
306
307	and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
308
30920221204:
310	hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
311	default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
312	the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
313	the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
314	needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
315	the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
316
317	NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
318
31920221122:
320	pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
321	These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
322	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
323
32420221121:
325	The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed.  When Clang is enabled
326	it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
327
32820221026:
329	Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
330	for pkgbase users to do:
331
332	pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
333	  FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
334
335	after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
336	installed.
337
33820221002:
339	OPIE has been removed from the base system.  If needed, it can
340	be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie).
341	Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference
342	pam_opie or pam_opieaccess.
343
34420220610:
345	LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
346	before re-compiling to avoid errors.
347
34820211230:
349	The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
350	have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
351	Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
352	be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
353	reflect this change.
354
35520211214:
356	A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
357	themselves.  A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
358
35920211209:
360	Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
361	mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
362	the coming days and weeks.
363
364	This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
365	or touch
366		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
367		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
368		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
369		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
370	before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
371
37220211202:
373	Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
374	by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
375	statement in unbound.conf:
376		local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
377
378	Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
379
380	The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
381	Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
382	using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
383	to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
384	belongs.  Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
385	such names when roaming to different homenets.
386
38720211110:
388	Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
389	that any of the included congestion control modules could be
390	the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
391	was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
392	this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
393	control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
394	default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
395	The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
396	as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
397	kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
398	fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
399
40020211118:
401	Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
402	tree shortly.
403
40420211106:
405	Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
406	The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
407	of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
408	may need to be modified.
409
41020211022:
411	The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
412	The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
413	support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
414
41520211020:
416	sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user.  To force root to use
417	the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
418
419	# chsh -s csh
420
42120211004:
422	Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
423	with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
424	to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
425	this change.
426
42720210923:
428	As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
429	ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
430	users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
431	list of modules to load on their systems.
432
43320210922:
434	As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
435	new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
436	information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
437	audio/freebsd-13-mixer
438
43920210911:
440	As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
441	been deleted from the nfscommon.ko.  As such, nfsd.ko must be built
442	from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
443	being loaded.
444
44520210817:
446	As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
447	by default.  Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
448	option.  This can be enabled globally by using a custom
449	OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
450	application-specific configuration option for applications
451	which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
452
45320210811:
454	Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
455	modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
456
45720210730:
458	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
459	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
460	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
461	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
462
46320210729:
464	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
465	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
466	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
467
46820210716:
469	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
470	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
471	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
472
47320210715:
474	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
475	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
476	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
477	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
478	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
479	to update your sources past the above hash and do
480		% cd usr.bin/awk
481		% make clean all
482		% sudo -E make install
483	to enable building kernels again.
484
48520210708:
486	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
487	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
488	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
489
49020210707:
491	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
492	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
493
49420210624:
495	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
496	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
497	for NFSv4 mounts.
498	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
499
50020210618:
501	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
502	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
503	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
504	additions and others.
505
50620210618:
507	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
508	renamed to "untrusted".
509
51020210611:
511	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
512	please install the svn package or port.
513
51420210611:
515	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
516	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
517	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
518
51920210610:
520	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
521
52220210608:
523	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
524	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
525https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
526	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
527	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
528	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
529	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
530
53120210525:
532	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
533	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
534	committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
535	detect this.
536
53720210513:
538	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
539	libraries and utilities are packaged.
540	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
541	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
542	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
543	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
544	on the system.
545
54620210426:
547	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
548	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
549	need to be rebuilt from sources.
550	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
551	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
552	is not recommended.
553
55420210411:
555	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
556	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
557	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
558	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
559	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
560	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
561
56220210330:
563	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
564	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
565	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
566	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
567
56820210225:
569	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
570	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
571	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
572
57320210128:
574	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
575	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
576	update.
577
57820210121:
579	stable/13 branch created.
580
58120210108:
582	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
583	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
584	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
585	since it was bumped so recently.
586
58720210107:
588	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
589	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
590	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
591	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
592
59320210105:
594	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
595	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
596	requires a clean build.
597
59820201223:
599	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
600	instructions can be found at
601	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
602	and other documents in that repo.
603
60420201216:
605	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
606	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
607	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
608	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
609
61020201215:
611	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
612	may be installed from ports or packages.
613
61420201124:
615	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
616	See ping(8) for details.
617
61820201108:
619	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
620	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
621	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
622
62320201030:
624	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
625	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
626	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
627	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
628	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
629
63020201026:
631	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
632	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
633	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
634	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
635	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
636	find.
637
63820200923:
639	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
640	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
641	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
642	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
643
644	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
645	command you want to un-auger the tree is
646		cd sys/amd64/conf
647		svn revert -R .
648	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
649	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
650
65120200824:
652	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
653	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
654	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
655	unless you  want to use new features.
656
657	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
658	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
659	rebuilding world may fail.
660
661	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
662	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
663
664	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
665	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
666	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
667	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
668
66920200824:
670	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
671	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
672	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
673	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
674
67520200821:
676	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
677	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
678	sources.
679
68020200817:
681	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
682	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
683
68420200816:
685	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
686	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
687	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
688	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
689
69020200810:
691	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
692	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
693	from sources, so a version bump was done.
694
69520200807:
696	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
697	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
698	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
699	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
700
70120200729:
702	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
703	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
704	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
705	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
706	continue to function.
707
708	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
709	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
710	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
711	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
712
71320200627:
714	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
715	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
716	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
717	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
718	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
719	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
720	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
721
72220200625:
723	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
724	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
725
72620200613:
727	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
728	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
729	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
730
73120200604:
732	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
733	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
734	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
735	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
736
737	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
738	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
739	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
740	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
741	/root/.shrc.
742
74320200523:
744	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
745	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
746	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
747	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
748
74920200512:
750	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
751	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
752
75320200424:
754	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
755	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
756	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
757	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
758	be functional without closefrom(2).
759
76020200414:
761	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
762	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
763	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
764	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
765	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
766	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
767
76820200310:
769	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
770	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
771	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
772	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
773
77420200309:
775	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
776	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
777	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
778
77920200301:
780	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
781
78220200229:
783	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
784	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
785	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
786
78720200229:
788	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
789	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
790
79120200229:
792	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
793	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
794	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
795	ports or packages.
796
79720200220:
798	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
799	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
800	ncurses.
801
80220200217:
803	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
804	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
805	together with their new kernel.
806
80720200212:
808	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
809	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
810	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
811
812	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
813	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
814
81520200108:
816	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
817	linker for riscv64.
818
81920200107:
820	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
821	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
822	external toolchain package.
823
82420200104:
825	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
826	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
827	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
828	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
829	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
830
83120200102:
832	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
833	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
834	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
835	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
836
83720191226:
838	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
839	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
840	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
841	ABI.
842
84320191226:
844	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
845
84620191222:
847	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
848	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
849	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
850	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
851
85220191212:
853	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
854	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
855	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
856
85720191205:
858	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
859	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
860	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
861	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
862	differences between those included in the port and those included in
863	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
864	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
865	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
866
86720191120:
868	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
869	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
870	for automounting.
871
87220191107:
873	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
874	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
875	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
876	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
877	add superio to the set.
878
87920191021:
880	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
881	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
882
88320191021:
884	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
885	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
886	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
887	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
888	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
889	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
890	completely in the future.
891
89220191009:
893	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
894	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
895	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
896	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
897	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
898	will be removed from the list.
899
90020191009:
901	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
902	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
903	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
904	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
905
90620191003:
907	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
908	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
909	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
910	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
911
91220190913:
913	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
914	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
915	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
916	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
917
91820190823:
919	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
920	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
921	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
922
92320190727:
924	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
925	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
926	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
927	your scripts, because they had no effect.
928
929	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
930	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
931	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
932	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
933	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
934
93520190713:
936	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
937	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
938	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
939	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
940	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
941	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
942	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
943
94420190620:
945	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
946	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
947	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
948	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
949
95020190612:
951	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
952	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
953	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
954	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
955
95620190608:
957	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
958	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
959	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
960
96120190513:
962	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
963	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
964	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
965	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
966	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
967	avoid running into the limit.
968
96920190507:
970	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
971	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
972
97320190507:
974	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
975	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
976	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
977	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
978	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
979	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
980
98120190418:
982	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
983	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
984	entropy:
985
986	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
987	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
988	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
989	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
990	availability properties.
991
992	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
993	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
994	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
995	initial condition, if desired.
996
997	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
998	Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
999
1000	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
1001	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
1002	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
1003	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
1004
100520190416:
1006	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
1007	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
1008	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
1009	therefore unblocked).
1010
101120190404:
1012	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
1013	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
1014	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
1015	is added to the command line.
1016	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
1017	not affected and should continue to work.
1018
101920190320:
1020	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
1021	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
1022	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
1023	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
1024
102520190304:
1026	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1027	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1028	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1029	or higher.
1030
103120190226:
1032	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
1033	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
1034	kernel config.
1035
103620190219:
1037	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
1038	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
1039	migrating to the drm ports.
1040
104120190131:
1042	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
1043	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
1044	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
1045	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
1046	is loaded automatically.
1047
104820190125:
1049	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
1050	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
1051	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
1052	kernel config files.
1053
105420181230:
1055	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
1056	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
1057	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
1058	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
1059
106020181220:
1061	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
1062	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
1063	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
1064	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
1065	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
1066	most NFSv4 mounts.
1067
106820181219:
1069	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
1070	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
1071	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
1072
1073	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
1074	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
1075
1076	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
1077	removed from the mips port.
1078
107920181211:
1080	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1081	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1082	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1083	or higher.
1084
108520181211:
1086	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
1087	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
1088
108920181126:
1090	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
1091	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
1092	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
1093	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
1094
109520181123:
1096	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
1097	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
1098	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
1099
110020181115:
1101	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
1102	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
1103	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
1104	FreeBSD versions.
1105
110620181110:
1107	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
1108	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
1109	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
1110
1111	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
1112	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
1113	being included using the command:
1114		$ newsyslog -Nrv
1115
111620181019:
1117	Stable/12 was branched created.
1118
111920181015:
1120	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
1121	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
1122	drm-legacy-kmod.
1123
1124	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
1125	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
1126	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
1127	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
1128	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
1129	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
1130	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
1131	that as you will get better support.
1132
1133	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
1134	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
1135	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
1136	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
1137
1138	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
1139	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
1140	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
1141	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
1142	shortly.
1143
114420181012:
1145	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
1146	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
1147	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
1148	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
1149	be adjusted as necessary.
1150
115120181009:
1152	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
1153	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
1154	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
1155	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
1156
115720181006:
1158	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
1159	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
1160	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
1161	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
1162	encouraged.
1163
116420181002:
1165	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
1166	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
1167	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
1168	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
1169	nda device name.
1170
117120180913:
1172	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
1173	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
1174	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
1175	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1176	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1177	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1178
117920180826:
1180	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1181	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1182	default since FreeBSD-11.
1183
118420180822:
1185	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1186	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
1187	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1188
118920180818:
1190	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1191	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1192	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1193	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1194	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
1195	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1196	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1197
1198	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1199	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1200
120120180815:
1202	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1203	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1204	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1205	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1206	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1207	may not be observed in a future release.
1208
120920180808:
1210	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
1211	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1212	your environment.
1213
121420180731:
1215	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1216	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1217	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1218	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1219
122020180730:
1221	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1222	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1223	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1224	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1225	runtime services.
1226
122720180727:
1228	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1229	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1230	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1231
123220180723:
1233	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1234	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1235	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1236	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1237	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1238
123920180720:
1240	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1241	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1242	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1243	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1244	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1245	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1246
124720180719:
1248	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1249	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1250	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1251	boot_serial=YES
1252	boot_multicons=YES
1253	in /boot/loader.conf
1254	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1255	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1256	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1257
125820180719:
1259	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
1260	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1261	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1262	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1263	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1264	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1265	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1266	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1267	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1268	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1269	by the ntpd user.
1270
127120180717:
1272	Big endian arm support has been removed.
1273
127420180711:
1275	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1276	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
1277	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1278	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1279	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1280
128120180705:
1282	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1283	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1284	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
1285	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
1286	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1287	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1288
128920180702:
1290	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1291	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1292
129320180701:
1294	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1295	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1296	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1297	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1298	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1299	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1300	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1301
130220180630:
1303	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1304	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1305	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1306	or higher.
1307
130820180628:
1309	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1310	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1311	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1312	file.
1313
131420180612:
1315	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1316	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1317
131820180530:
1319	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1320	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1321	longer necessary.
1322
132320180530:
1324	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1325	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1326	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1327	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1328
132920180523:
1330	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1331	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1332	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1333	later than r334108.
1334
133520180517:
1336	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
1337	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1338	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1339	it must be removed.
1340
134120180510:
1342	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1343	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1344	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1345	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1346	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1347	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1348	will go away.
1349
1350	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1351	workaround is necessary.
1352
135320180508:
1354	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1355	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
1356	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
1357	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1358
135920180504:
1360	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
1361	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1362	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1363	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1364	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1365
136620180502:
1367	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
1368	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1369	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
1370	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1371
137220180501:
1373	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
1374	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1375	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1376	be removed.
1377
137820180413:
1379	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
1380	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1381	removed.
1382
138320180411:
1384	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
1385	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1386	removed.
1387
138820180406:
1389	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1390	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1391	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1392	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1393	microseconds and time zone offsets.
1394
1395	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1396	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1397	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1398	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1399	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1400	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1401	adjustments, depending on the software used.
1402
1403	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1404	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1405
1406		source src {
1407			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1408		}
1409
1410	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1411	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1412	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1413
1414		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1415
1416	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1417	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1418	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1419	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1420	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1421	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1422	thus expected to continue to function as before.
1423
1424	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1425	change.
1426
142720180328:
1428	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1429	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1430	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1431
143220180323:
1433	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1434	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1435	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1436	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1437	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1438	should be as simple as:
1439
1440		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1441		$ make depend all install
1442
144320180212:
1444	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1445	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1446	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1447	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1448	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1449	provisions for backup boot methods.
1450
145120180211:
1452	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1453	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1454	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1455	imp@freebsd.org.
1456
145720180114:
1458	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1459	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1460	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1461	or higher.
1462
146320180110:
1464	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1465	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1466	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1467
1468	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1469	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1470
147120180110:
1472	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1473	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1474	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1475	remove it from kernel config files.
1476
147720180104:
1478	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1479	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1480	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1481
1482	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1483	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1484
148520180102:
1486	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1487	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1488	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1489	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1490
149120171215:
1492	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1493	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1494
149520171214:
1496	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1497	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1498	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1499	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1500
150120171125:
1502	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1503	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1504	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1505	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1506	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1507	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1508
150920171110:
1510	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1511	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1512	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1513
151420171106:
1515	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1516	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
1517	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
1518	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1519	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1520
152120171102:
1522	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1523	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1524	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1525	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1526	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1527	environment.
1528
152920171101:
1530	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1531	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1532	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
1533	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1534	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1535	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1536	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1537	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1538	than hardcoding paths.
1539
154020171028:
1541	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1542	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1543	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1544
154520171021:
1546	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1547	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1548	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1549	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1550
155120171010:
1552	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1553	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1554
155520171005:
1556	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1557	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1558	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1559	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1560
156120171003:
1562	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1563	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1564	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
1565	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
1566	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
1567
156820170912:
1569	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
1570	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
1571	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
1572	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
1573	/etc/ctl.conf .
1574
157520170912:
1576	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
1577	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
1578	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
1579	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
1580	soft-float everything else should be affected.
1581
158220170826:
1583	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
1584	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
1585
158620170825:
1587	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
1588	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1589	to complete.
1590
159120170814:
1592	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1593	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1594	${TESTSDIR}.
1595
1596	Behavioral changes:
1597	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1598	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1599	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1600	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1601
1602	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1603	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1604	sandbox if successful.
1605
1606	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1607	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1608	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1609	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1610	an unprivileged user.
1611
161220170808:
1613	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1614	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1615	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1616	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1617	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1618	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1619	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1620	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1621	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1622	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1623	to which you should answer yes.
1624
162520170728:
1626	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1627	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1628	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1629	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1630	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1631
163220170722:
1633	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1634	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1635	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1636
163720170701:
1638	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1639	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1640
164120170625:
1642	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
1643	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1644	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
1645	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1646	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
1647	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1648	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1649
165020170623:
1651	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1652	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1653	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1654	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1655	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1656	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1657
165820170620:
1659	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1660	if you require the GPL compiler.
1661
166220170619:
1663	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1664	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1665	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1666	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1667	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1668	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1669
167020170618:
1671	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1672	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1673	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1674
167520170617:
1676	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1677	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
1678	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1679	followed.
1680
168120170531:
1682	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1683	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1684	from ports (and recommends to install it).
1685	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1686	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1687	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1688
168920170524:
1690	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1691	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
1692	which only require one chipset support.
1693
1694	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1695
1696	if_ath_load="YES"
1697
1698	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1699	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1700	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1701
1702	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
1703	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1704
1705	* load ath_hal
1706	* load the chip modules in question
1707	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1708	* load ath_main
1709	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1710	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1711
1712	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1713
171420170523:
1715	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1716	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
1717	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1718
1719	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1720	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1721	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1722
1723	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1724	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
1725	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1726	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
1727	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1728	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1729	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1730	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1731
173220170424:
1733	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1734	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
1735	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1736
173720170420:
1738	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1739	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1740	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1741
174220170413:
1743	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1744	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1745	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1746	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1747	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1748	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1749	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1750
175120170407:
1752	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1753	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1754	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1755	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1756
175720170405:
1758	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1759	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
1760	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1761
176220170331:
1763	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1764	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1765	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1766
176720170329:
1768	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1769	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1770
1771	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1772	via one of the following methods:
1773	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1774	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1775	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1776	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1777
1778	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1779
178020170316:
1781	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1782	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1783	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1784	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1785	with mmc.ko).
1786
178720170315:
1788	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1789	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1790	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1791	be prefixed with colon.
1792
179320170311:
1794	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1795	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1796	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1797
179820170302:
1799	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1800	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1801	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1802
180320170221:
1804	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1805	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1806	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
1807	change.
1808
180920170216:
1810	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1811	valid.
1812
181320170215:
1814	MCA bus support has been removed.
1815
181620170127:
1817	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1818	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1819
182020170112:
1821	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1822	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1823
182420170109:
1825	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1826	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1827	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1828	configuration.
1829
183020161217:
1831	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1832	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1833	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1834
183520161124:
1836	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1837	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1838	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1839
184020161119:
1841	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1842	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
1843	that link against it need to be recompiled.
1844
184520161030:
1846	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1847	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1848	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1849	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1850
185120161017:
1852	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1853	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1854	parts.
1855	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1856	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1857
185820161015:
1859	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
1860	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1861	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1862	removed from base.
1863
186420161008:
1865	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1866	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1867	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1868
186920161003:
1870	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1871	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1872
187320160924:
1874	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1875	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
1876	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1877	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1878
187920160918:
1880	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
1881	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1882	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1883	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1884	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1885
188620160918:
1887	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1888
188920160908:
1890	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1891	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1892	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
1893	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1894
189520160824:
1896	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1897	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1898	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1899	to 1200005.
1900
190120160818:
1902	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1903	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1904	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
1905	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
1906	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1907	0.
1908
190920160818:
1910	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1911	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1912
191320160708:
1914	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1915
1916After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
1917from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
1918entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
1919UPDATING file.
1920
1921COMMON ITEMS:
1922
1923	General Notes
1924	-------------
1925	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1926	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1927	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1928	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1929	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1930	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
1931	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
1932	report a bug if it happens consistently.
1933
1934	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1935	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1936	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1937	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1938	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1939	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1940	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1941	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1942	an exception.
1943
1944	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
1945	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
1946	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
1947	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
1948	step.
1949
1950	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1951	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1952	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1953	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1954
1955	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1956	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1957	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1958	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1959	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1960	should write them with this in mind.
1961
1962	ZFS notes
1963	---------
1964	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
1965	always follow these three steps:
1966
1967	1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1968	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1969
1970	2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
1971	doing a zpool upgrade):
1972
1973	When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
1974	block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1975		gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
1976	The value $N will typically be 1.  For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
1977
1978	3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
1979	pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
1980	zpool upgrade.
1981
1982	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1983
1984	EFI notes
1985	---------
1986
1987	There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
1988	current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
1989	efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
1990	deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
1991	fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
1992	/boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
1993	ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
1994	the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
1995
1996	Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
1997	may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
1998	location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
1999	mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
2000
2001	The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
2002	however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
2003	root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
2004	since it does not automatically understand some new features.
2005
2006	See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
2007
2008	To build a kernel
2009	-----------------
2010	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2011	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
2012	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2013
2014	make kernel-toolchain
2015	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2016	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2017
2018	To test a kernel once
2019	---------------------
2020	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2021	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2022	debugging information) run
2023	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2024	nextboot -k testkernel
2025
2026	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2027	-----------------------------------------------------------
2028	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2029	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2030
2031	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2032	make buildworld
2033	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2034	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2035							[1]
2036	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2037	etcupdate -p					[5]
2038	make installworld
2039	etcupdate -B					[4]
2040	make delete-old					[6]
2041	<reboot>
2042
2043	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2044	--------------------------------------------------
2045	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2046	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2047	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2048	# size.
2049
2050	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2051	<boot into -stable>
2052	make buildworld
2053	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2054	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2055	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2056	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2057	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2058	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2059	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2060	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2061	<reboot into current>
2062	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2063	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2064	<reboot>
2065
2066
2067	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2068	----------------------------------------------
2069	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2070	make buildworld					[9]
2071	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2072	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2073							[1]
2074	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2075	etcupdate -p					[5]
2076	make installworld
2077	etcupdate -B					[4]
2078	make delete-old					[6]
2079	<reboot>
2080
2081	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2082	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2083	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2084	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2085	the UPDATING entries.
2086
2087	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2088	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2089	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2090	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2091	much fewer pitfalls.
2092
2093	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2094	them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2095	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2096	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
2097	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2098	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2099	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2100	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2101	and effective, eg:
2102	     PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2103
2104	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2105		fsck -p
2106		mount -u /
2107		mount -a
2108		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2109		cd src			# full path to source
2110		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2111	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2112	into single user mode to do the installworld.
2113
2114	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2115	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2116	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2117	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2118	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2119	for potential gotchas.  See etcupdate(8) for more information.
2120
2121	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2122	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2123	step.
2124
2125	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2126	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2127	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2128
2129	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2130	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2131	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2132	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2133	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2134	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2135	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2136	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2137
2138	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2139	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2140	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2141	for these as well.
2142
2143	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2144	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2145	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2146
2147	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2148	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2149	warn if it is improperly defined.
2150FORMAT:
2151
2152This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2153breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2154list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2155If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2156to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2157
2158Copyright information:
2159
2160Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2161
2162Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2163modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2164document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2165
2166THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2167IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2168WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2169DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2170INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2171(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2172SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2173HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2174STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2175IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2176POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2177
2178Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2179this document.
2180