xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 988a9f7e39e1bea4eed03eb6f69df4cb0ec9289a)
1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before running portupgrade.
13
14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
18
19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW:
20	FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
21	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
22	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
23	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
24	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
25	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
26	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
27	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
28	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
29	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
30	debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
31	disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
32	"ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
33
3420190131:
35	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
36	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
37	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
38	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
39	is loaded automatically.
40
4120190125:
42	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
43	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
44	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
45	kernel config files.
46
4720181230:
48	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
49	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
50	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
51	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
52
5320181220:
54	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
55	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
56	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
57	from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
58	NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
59	most NFSv4 mounts.
60
6120181219:
62	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
63	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
64	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
65
66	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
67	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
68
69	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
70	removed from the mips port.
71
7220181211:
73	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
74	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
75	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
76	or higher.
77
7820181211:
79	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
80	the time with these deamons has been obsolete for over a decade.
81
8220181126:
83	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
84	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
85	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
86	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
87
8820181123:
89	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
90	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
91	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
92
9320181115:
94	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
95	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
96	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
97	FreeBSD versions.
98
9920181110:
100	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
101	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
102	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
103
104	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
105	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
106	being included using the command:
107		$ newsyslog -Nrv
108
10920181015:
110	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
111	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
112	drm-legacy-kmod.
113
114	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
115	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
116	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
117	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
118	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
119	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
120	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
121	that as you will get better support.
122
123	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
124	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
125	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
126	and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
127
128	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
129	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
130	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
131	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
132	shortly.
133
13420181012:
135	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
136	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
137	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
138	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
139	be adjusted as necessary.
140
14120181009:
142	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
143	additional various API changes througout the base system.  It is
144	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
145	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
146
14720181006:
148	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
149	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
150	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
151	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
152	encouraged.
153
15420181002:
155	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
156	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
157	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
158	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
159	nda device name.
160
16120180913:
162	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
163	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
164	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
165	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
166	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
167	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
168
16920180826:
170	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
171	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
172	default since FreeBSD-11.
173
17420180822:
175	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
176	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
177	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
178
17920180818:
180	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
181	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
182	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
183	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
184	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
185	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
186	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
187
188	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
189	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
190
19120180815:
192	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
193	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
194	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
195	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
196	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
197	may not be observed in a future release.
198
19920180808:
200	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
201	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
202	your environment.
203
20420180731:
205	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
206	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
207	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
208	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
209
21020180730:
211	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
212	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
213	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
214	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
215	runtime services.
216
21720180727:
218	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
219	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
220	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
221
22220180723:
223	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
224	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
225	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
226	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
227	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
228
22920180720:
230	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
231	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
232	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
233	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
234	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
235	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
236
23720180719:
238	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
239	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
240	setup a framebuffer for us to use, just add :
241	boot_serial=YES
242	boot_multicons=YES
243	in /boot/loader.conf
244	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
245	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
246	u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
247
24820180719:
249	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
250	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
251	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
252	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
253	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
254	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
255	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
256	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
257	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
258	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
259	by the ntpd user.
260
26120180717:
262	Big endian arm support has been removed.
263
26420180711:
265	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
266	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
267	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
268	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
269	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
270
27120180705:
272	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
273	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
274	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
275	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
276	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
277	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
278
27920180702:
280	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
281	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
282
28320180701:
284	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
285	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
286	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
287	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
288	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
289	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
290	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
291
29220180630:
293	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
294	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
295	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
296	or higher.
297
29820180628:
299	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
300	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
301	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
302
30320180612:
304	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
305	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
306
30720180530:
308	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
309	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
310	longer necessary.
311
31220180530:
313	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
314	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
315	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
316	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
317
31820180523:
319	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
320	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
321	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
322	later than r334108.
323
32420180517:
325	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
326	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
327	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
328	it must be removed.
329
33020180510:
331	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
332	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
333	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
334	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
335	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
336	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
337	will go away.
338
339	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
340	workaround is necessary.
341
34220180508:
343	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
344	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was aquired by Exar and
345	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
346	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
347
34820180504:
349	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
350	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
351	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
352	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
353	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
354
35520180502:
356	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
357	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
358	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
359	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
360
36120180501:
362	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
363	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
364	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
365	be removed.
366
36720180413:
368	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
369	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
370	removed.
371
37220180411:
373	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
374	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
375	removed.
376
37720180406:
378	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
379	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
380	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
381	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
382	microseconds and time zone offsets.
383
384	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
385	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
386	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
387	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
388	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
389	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
390	adjustments, depending on the software used.
391
392	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
393	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
394
395		source src {
396			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
397		}
398
399	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
400	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
401	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
402
403		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
404
405	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
406	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
407	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
408	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
409	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
410	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
411	thus expected to continue to function as before.
412
413	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
414	change.
415
41620180328:
417	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
418	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
419	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
420
42120180323:
422	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
423	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
424	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
425	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
426	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
427	should be as simple as:
428
429		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
430		$ make depend all install
431
43220180212:
433	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
434	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
435	Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
436	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
437	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
438	provisions for backup boot methods.
439
44020180211:
441	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
442	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
443	be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
444
44520180114:
446	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
447	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
448	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
449	or higher.
450
45120180110:
452	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
453	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
454	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
455
456	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
457        WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
458
45920180110:
460	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
461	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
462	needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
463	from kernel config files.
464
46520180104:
466	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
467	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
468	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
469
470	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
471	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
472
47320180102:
474	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
475	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
476	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
477	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
478
47920171215:
480	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
481	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
482
48320171214:
484	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
485	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
486	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
487	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
488
48920171125:
490	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
491	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
492	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
493	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
494	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
495	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
496
49720171110:
498	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
499	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
500	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
501
50220171106:
503	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
504	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
505	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
506	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
507	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
508
50920171102:
510	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
511	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
512	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
513	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
514	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
515	environment.
516
51720171101:
518	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
519	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
520	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
521	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
522	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
523	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
524	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
525	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
526	than hardcoding paths.
527
52820171028:
529	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
530	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
531	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
532
53320171021:
534	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
535	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
536	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
537	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
538
53920171010:
540	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
541	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
542
54320171005:
544	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
545	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
546	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
547	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
548
54920171003:
550	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
551	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
552	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
553	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
554	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
555
55620170912:
557	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
558	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
559	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
560	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
561	/etc/ctl.conf .
562
56320170912:
564	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
565	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
566	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
567	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
568	soft-float everything else should be affected.
569
57020170826:
571	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
572	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
573
57420170825:
575	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
576	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
577	to complete.
578
57920170814:
580	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
581	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
582	${TESTSDIR}.
583
584	Behavioral changes:
585	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
586	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
587	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
588	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
589
590	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
591	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
592	sandbox if successful.
593
594	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
595	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
596	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
597	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
598	an unprivileged user.
599
60020170808:
601	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
602	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
603	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
604	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
605	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
606	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
607	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
608	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
609	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
610	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
611	to which you should answer yes.
612
61320170728:
614	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
615	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
616	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
617	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
618	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
619
62020170722:
621	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
622	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
623	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
624
62520170701:
626	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
627	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
628
62920170625:
630	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
631	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
632	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
633	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
634	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
635	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
636	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
637
63820170623:
639	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
640	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
641	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
642	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
643	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
644	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
645
64620170620:
647	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
648	if you require the GPL compiler.
649
65020170618:
651	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
652	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
653	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
654
65520170617:
656	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
657	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
658	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
659	followed.
660
66120170531:
662	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
663	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
664	from ports (and recommends to install it).
665	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
666	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
667	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
668
66920170524:
670	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
671	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
672	which only require one chipset support.
673
674	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
675
676	if_ath_load="YES"
677
678	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
679	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
680	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
681
682	If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
683	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
684
685	* load ath_hal
686	* load the chip modules in question
687	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
688	* load ath_main
689	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
690	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
691
692	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
693
69420170523:
695	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
696	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
697	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
698
699	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
700	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
701	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
702
703	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
704	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".   Then, carefully follow the
705	full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
706	everything and install it on the current system."  Specifically,
707	a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
708	installing world.
709
71020170424:
711	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
712	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
713	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
714
71520170420:
716	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
717	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
718	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
719
72020170413:
721	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
722	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
723	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
724	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
725	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
726	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
727	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
728
72920170407:
730	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
731	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
732	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
733	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
734
73520170405:
736	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
737	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
738	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
739
74020170331:
741	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
742	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
743	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
744
74520170329:
746	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
747	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
748
749	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
750	via one of the following methods:
751	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
752	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
753	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
754	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
755
756	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
757
75820170316:
759	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
760	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
761	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
762	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
763	with mmc.ko).
764
76520170315:
766	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
767	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
768	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
769	be prefixed with colon.
770
77120170311:
772	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
773	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
774	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
775
77620170302:
777	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
778	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
779	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
780
78120170221:
782	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
783	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
784	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
785	change.
786
78720170216:
788	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
789	valid.
790
79120170215:
792	MCA bus support has been removed.
793
79420170127:
795	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
796	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
797
79820170112:
799	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
800	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
801
80220170109:
803	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
804	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
805	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
806
80720161217:
808	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
809	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
810	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
811
81220161124:
813	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
814	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
815	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
816
81720161119:
818	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
819	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
820	that link against it need to be recompiled.
821
82220161030:
823	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
824	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
825	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
826	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
827
82820161017:
829	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
830	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
831	parts.
832	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
833	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
834
83520161015:
836	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
837	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
838	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
839	removed from base.
840
84120161008:
842	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
843	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
844	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
845
84620161003:
847	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
848	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
849
85020160924:
851	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
852	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
853	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
854	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
855
85620160918:
857	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
858	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
859	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
860	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
861	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
862
86320160918:
864	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
865
86620160908:
867	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
868	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
869	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
870	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
871
87220160824:
873	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
874	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
875	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
876	to 1200005.
877
87820160818:
879	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
880	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
881	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
882	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
883	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
884	0.
885
88620160818:
887	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
888	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
889
89020160708:
891	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
892
89320160622:
894	The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
895	a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
896	system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
897	"options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
898	default).  Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
899	their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
900	kernel.
901
90220160527:
903	CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
904	This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
905	those disk's diskid device nodes.  For example, if /etc/fstab
906	previously contained a line like
907	"/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
908	change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456".  Users of geom
909	transforms like gmirror may also be affected.  ZFS users should
910	generally be fine.
911
91220160523:
913	The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
914	improved performance.  But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
915	Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
916	built with the old headers.
917
91820160520:
919	The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
920	Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
921	functions and should be updated to the latest version before
922	installing a new libc.
923
92420160517:
925	The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
926	for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
927	is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
928	This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
929	and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
930	packages will be needed.
931
932	To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
933	TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
934	and the install steps.
935
93620160510:
937	Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
938	installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.  Many kernel
939	modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
940	KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules.  However,
941	manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
942	now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
943
94420160414:
945	The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
946	no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
947	list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
948	data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
949	corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
950
951		o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
952		o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
953		o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
954		o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
955		o FCCT M500 all firmwares
956
957	Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
958	with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
959	updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
960	drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
961	this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
962	other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
963	vendors work.
964
965	To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
966	drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
967		kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
968	in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
969	quirks entry to 0x3.
970
97120160330:
972	The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
973	now the one true way.  The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
974	been removed.  See 20160311 for further details.
975
97620160317:
977	Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t.  All
978	drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
979
98020160311:
981	WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
982	builds.  It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
983	'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
984	when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
985	building anything else.  Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
986	-MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file.  Users should
987	run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
988	stale .depend files.
989
99020160306:
991	On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
992	kernel modules.  Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
993	please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
994	rebooting, e.g.:
995
996	make buildworld
997	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
998	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
999	make -C sys/boot install
1000	<reboot in single user>
1001
1002	Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1003	below.
1004
100520160305:
1006	Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0.  Please
1007	see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1008	upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1009
101020160301:
1011	The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel.  The
1012	VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1013	Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1014	permitted on sockets and raw disks by default.  To enable
1015	asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1016	vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1017
101820160226:
1019	The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1020	ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1021	drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1022	(temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1023	to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1024
102520160129:
1026	Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default.  That
1027	feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1028	Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1029	still work, even if the guest is using ZFS.  Legacy behavior can be
1030	restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1031
103220160119:
1033	The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH.  They are
1034	still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1035
103620160113:
1037	With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1038	during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1039	prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1040
104120151216:
1042	The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1043	consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1044	server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1045	other loaders.
1046
104720151211:
1048	The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1049	been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1050	a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1051	for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1052	the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1053	later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1054
105520151207:
1056	Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1057	installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1058	requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1059	world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1060	in src.conf(5).
1061
106220151130:
1063	r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1064	nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1065	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1066
106720151108:
1068	Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1069	order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1070	behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1071
1072	Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1073	collation results will be different.
1074
1075	Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1076	locales before running make installworld.
1077
1078	rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1079
108020151030:
1081	The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d.  Any binaries requiring
1082	libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1083
108420151020:
1085	Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1086	Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1087	should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1088
108920151017:
1090	The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1091	sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1092	'make -n -n' to recursively show commands.  Now 'make -n' will recurse
1093	and 'make -N' will not.
1094
109520151012:
1096	If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1097	and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1098	updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld.  If you had
1099	excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1100	want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1101	/etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1102	whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used.  If you are not using
1103	SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1104
110520151011:
1106	Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1107	It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1108	and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1109	environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1110
111120151006:
1112	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1113	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1114	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1115
111620150924:
1117	Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1118	and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1119	on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1120	userland debug files.
1121
1122	When using the supported kernel installation method the
1123	/usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1124	as is done with /boot/kernel.
1125
1126	Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1127	debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1128
112920150827:
1130	The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1131	interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1132	used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1133	scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1134	or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1135	rc.d scripts in /etc.
1136
113720150827:
1138	pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1139	These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1140	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1141
114220150817:
1143	Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1144	them, the kernel must have
1145
1146	device	random
1147	options	RANDOM_LOADABLE
1148
1149	kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1150	or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1151	function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1152	the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1153
1154	The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1155	unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1156
115720150813:
1158	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1159	Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1160	the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1161
116220150810:
1163	The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1164	uart(4) driver has been corrected.  Prior to this change the PPS
1165	"assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1166	pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1167
1168	As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1169	order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1170	difference with this change.
1171
1172	Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1173	configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1174	remove that workaround.
1175
117620150809:
1177	The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1178	from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1179	access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1180	with:
1181
1182	# pw groupmod video -m $USER
1183
118420150806:
1185	The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1186	upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1187	loader.rc.local instead.
1188
118920150805:
1190	GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1191	strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1192	WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1193
119420150728:
1195	As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1196	architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1197	ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1198
1199	Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1200	than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1201
120220150706:
1203	sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2.  Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1204	and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1205	default, i.e., they will not contain "::".  For example, instead
1206	of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1.  This permits a zero subnet
1207	to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1208	IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0.  This change requires that configuration
1209	data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1210	use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1211	upgrading.  As a very simple check search for patterns like
1212	'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'.  To return to the old
1213	behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1214	the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1215
121620150630:
1217	The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1218	Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1219
1220	Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1221	file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1222	this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1223
1224	options	RANDOM_YARROW	# Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1225	options	RANDOM_DUMMY	# Blocking-only driver.
1226
1227	If you have neither, you get Fortuna.  For most people,
1228	read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1229	like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1230
1231	If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1232	entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1233	embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1234	and it is assumed you know what you need.
1235
1236	*PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1237	habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1238	of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1239	behaviour from your security subsystems.
1240
1241	NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1242	random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1243	many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1244	You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1245	of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1246	and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1247	sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1248	share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1249	will never happen.
1250
125120150623:
1252	An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1253	entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1254
125520150616:
1256	FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1257	available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1258
125920150615:
1260	The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1261	below has been committed in revision 284436.  The work
1262	around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1263	default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1264	setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1265
126620150614:
1267	ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1268	atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1269	and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1270	with Kyuafile and kyua.
1271
127220150614:
1273	The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1274	security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1275	with DH parameters below 768 bits.  sendmail releases prior
1276	to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1277	DH parameter setting for client connections.  To work around
1278	this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1279	2048 bit DH parameter by:
1280
1281	1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1282	2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1283	   exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1284	   replace it with '2'.
1285	3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1286	   a file path, create a new file with:
1287		openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1288	4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1289		cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1290	5. Restart sendmail:
1291		cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1292
1293	A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1294	updated.
1295
129620150604:
1297	Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1298	in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1299	entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1300	machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1301	5.x.
1302
1303	Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1304
130520150525:
1306	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release.  Please see the
1307	20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1308	if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1309
131020150521:
1311	TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1312	may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1313	and Pandaboard:
1314
1315	- dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1316	  same but content is different now
1317	- GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1318	  has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1319	  addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1320	- Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1321	  now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1322
132320150501:
1324	soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1325	If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1326	from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1327
132820150423:
1329	chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1330	defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1331
133220150415:
1333	The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1334	POSIX.  The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1335
133620150416:
1337	Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1338	DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies.  This is now
1339	enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1340
134120150324:
1342	From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1343	supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1344	Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1345	replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1346
134720150315:
1348	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release.  Please see
1349	the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1350	upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1351
135220150307:
1353	The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1354	executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1355	newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1356	kernel before rebooting.
1357
135820150217:
1359	If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1360	but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly.  Immediately
1361	upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1362	ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1363	range.  This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1364	or /dev/urandom.  All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1365
136620150210:
1367	The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1368	with 10.1-RELEASE.  The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1369	with the new kernel.
1370
137120150131:
1372	The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1373	executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1374	so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1375
137620150118:
1377	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release.  This is a bugfix
1378	only release, no new features have been added.  Please see the 20141231
1379	entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1380	are not already using 3.5.0.
1381
138220150107:
1383	ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1384	taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1385	should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1386	The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1387	binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1388
138920150105:
1390	The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1391	using a local socket.  Users who have already enabled the
1392	local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1393	by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1394
139520150102:
1396	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1397	To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1398
139920141231:
1400	Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1401
1402	As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1403	a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library.  This means that to
1404	be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1405	clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1406	should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1407	system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1408	later.
1409
1410	On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1411	libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1412	of the box.
1413
1414	On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1415	powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1416	built (with clang) and installed first.  If both clang and libc++ are
1417	missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1418
1419	On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1420	the instructions for 9.x above.
1421
1422	Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1423	default, and do not build clang.
1424
1425	Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1426	build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all.  In those
1427	cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1428
1429	This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1430	the following are most likely to appear:
1431
1432	-Wabsolute-value
1433
1434	This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1435	* When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1436	  quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1437	  intended.  The code should be fixed, if at all possible.  If you are
1438	  sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1439	  loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1440	  cast, or disable the warning.
1441
1442	* When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1443	  abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1444	  If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1445	  make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1446	  side-effects.
1447
1448	-Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1449	-Wundefined-bool-conversion
1450
1451	These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1452	'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code.  However, there is
1453	some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1454	feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1455
1456	Squid and openjdk do this, for example.  The warning can be turned off
1457	for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1458	in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1459	unreachable could be optimized away.
1460
146120141222:
1462	The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1463	kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1464	utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1465	If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1466	If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1467	the utilities will report errors.
1468
146920141121:
1470	The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1471	directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1472	directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS.  Users with build systems with
1473	such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1474	directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1475	LOCAL_DIRS.
1476
147720141109:
1478	faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1479	has been obsolete for a very long time.
1480
148120141104:
1482	vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1483	support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1484	support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1485	drivers.
1486
1487	You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1488	most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1489	indicate what you need to do.
1490
1491	vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1492	syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1493	  https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1494
1495	If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1496	the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1497	  kern.vty=sc
1498
149920141102:
1500	pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1501	Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1502	execute it.
1503
150420141009:
1505	gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1506	that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1507	devel/gperf port.
1508
150920140923:
1510	pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1511	contrib/pjdfstest .
1512
151320140922:
1514	At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1515	to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1516	update.  If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1517	add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf.  Users are
1518	encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1519	their next update cycle.
1520
152120140729:
1522	The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1523	using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1524	will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1525	initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1526	1.12.4_8 or newer.
1527
152820140723:
1529	The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1530	TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1531
153220140719:
1533	The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1534	issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1535	address ranges.  If you use the local_unbound service, run
1536	"service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1537	configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1538	new configuration.
1539
154020140709:
1541	The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1542	anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1543	them again.
1544	UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1545
154620140708:
1547	The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1548	statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1549	system, and the shared library is no longer installed.  The
1550	devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1551	requires readline.
1552
155320140702:
1554	The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1555	known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1556	architecture.
1557
155820140701:
1559	Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1560	projects/nfsv4.1-server.  Since this includes changes to the
1561	internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1562	build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1563	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1564
156520140629:
1566	The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1567	WITHOUT_VT.  (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1568	which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1569
157020140619:
1571	Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1572	64 chars, that breaks ABI.  All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1573	and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1574
157520140606:
1576	The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1577	1 respectively to match the upstream numbers.  They were out of
1578	sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1579	upstream versions were not respected.  These libraries are private
1580	and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1581	non-issue.  However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1582	programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1583	"make installworld".
1584
1585	Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1586	/usr/libexec/.  Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1587	path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1588	is run.
1589
1590	If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1591	tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1592	This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1593	binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1594	be removed during a clean upgrade.
1595
159620140512:
1597	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1598
159920140508:
1600	We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1601	be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1602	ObsoleteFiles.inc).
1603
160420140505:
1605	/etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1606	past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1607	behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1608	behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1609	(which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1610	behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1611	directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1612	Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1613	other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1614	temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1615	as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1616	setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1617
1618	One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1619	is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1620	use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1621	as well.
1622
162320140430:
1624	The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1625	standard device.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1626
162720140424:
1628	The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1629	building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1630	in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1631	build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1632	build hosts for older releases.
1633
1634	This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1635	r276991, respectively.
1636
163720140418:
1638	The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1639	a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1640	will silently lack HESIOD.
1641
164220140405:
1643	The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1644	of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1645	any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1646	control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1647	changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1648	However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1649	associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1650	line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1651	Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1652	serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1653	preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1654	    ttyu0  "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire"  vt100  on  secure
1655
165620140306:
1657	Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1658	to improve performance.  To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1659	with command line option -W.
1660
166120140226:
1662	Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1663	dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1664	to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1665	may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1666	to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1667
166820140216:
1669	Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1670
167120140216:
1672	The nve(4) driver has been removed.  Please use the nfe(4) driver
1673	for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1674
167520140212:
1676	An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1677	This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1678	against the previous version of libc++ to crash.  The incompatibility
1679	has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1680	between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1681
168220140204:
1683	OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1684	capability mode support.  Please note that enabling the feature in
1685	kernel is still highly recommended.
1686
168720140131:
1688	OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1689	the default privilege separation method.  This requires Capsicum
1690	capability mode support in kernel.
1691
169220140128:
1693	The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1694	versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1695	these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1696	requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1697	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1698
169920140110:
1700	If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1701	instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1702	Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1703	NO_CLEAN builds.  This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1704	intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1705	  # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1706
170720131213:
1708	The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1709	has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1710	than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1711	In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1712	enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1713	be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1714	The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1715	big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1716	__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1717
171820131108:
1719	The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1720	has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS.  If you were
1721	using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1722	should change your settings to use the latter.
1723
172420131025:
1725	The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1726	NetBSD.  The output is generally the same, but may vary
1727	slightly.  If you found you need identical output adding
1728	"-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick.  For the
1729	time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1730
173120131014:
1732	libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1733	This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1734	1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1735	delete-old-libs":
1736	  # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1737	  or
1738	  # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1739
174020131010:
1741	The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1742	revision r256279.
1743
1744COMMON ITEMS:
1745
1746	General Notes
1747	-------------
1748	Avoid using make -j when upgrading.  While generally safe, there are
1749	sometimes problems using -j to upgrade.  If your upgrade fails with
1750	-j, please try again without -j.  From time to time in the past there
1751	have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld.  This
1752	is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1753	that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1754	several months have passed on the -current branch).
1755
1756	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1757	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
1758	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
1759	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1760	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1761
1762	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1763	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1764	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1765	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
1766	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
1767	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1768	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1769	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1770	an exception.
1771
1772	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1773	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1774	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1775	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1776
1777	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1778	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1779	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1780	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1781	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1782	should write them with this in mind.
1783
1784	ZFS notes
1785	---------
1786	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1787	these two steps:
1788
1789	1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1790	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1791
1792	2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1793
1794	The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1795	partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1796	"gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1797
1798	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1799
1800	To build a kernel
1801	-----------------
1802	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1803	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
1804	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1805
1806	make kernel-toolchain
1807	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1808	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1809
1810	To test a kernel once
1811	---------------------
1812	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1813	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1814	debugging information) run
1815	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1816	nextboot -k testkernel
1817
1818	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1819	-----------------------------------------------------------
1820	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1821	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1822
1823	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1824	make buildworld
1825	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1826	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1827							[1]
1828	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1829	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1830	make installworld
1831	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1832	make delete-old					[6]
1833	<reboot>
1834
1835	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1836	--------------------------------------------------
1837	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1838	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
1839	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1840	# size.
1841
1842	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1843	<boot into -stable>
1844	make buildworld
1845	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1846	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
1847	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1848	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1849	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1850	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1851	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
1852	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1853	<reboot into current>
1854	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1855	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1856	<reboot>
1857
1858
1859	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1860	----------------------------------------------
1861	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1862	make buildworld					[9]
1863	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
1864	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1865							[1]
1866	<reboot in single user>				[3]
1867	mergemaster -Fp					[5]
1868	make installworld
1869	mergemaster -Fi					[4]
1870	make delete-old					[6]
1871	<reboot>
1872
1873	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1874	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
1875	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1876	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1877	the UPDATING entries.
1878
1879	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1880	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
1881	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1882	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1883	much fewer pitfalls.
1884
1885	[1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1886	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1887	system on reboot.
1888
1889	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1890		fsck -p
1891		mount -u /
1892		mount -a
1893		cd src
1894		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
1895	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1896	you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1897
1898	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
1899	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1900	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1901	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1902	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1903	for potential gotchas.  The -U option is also useful to consider.
1904	See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1905
1906	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
1907	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1908	step.  It never hurts to do it all the time.  You may need to
1909	install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1910	install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1911	from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
1912
1913	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1914	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1915	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1916
1917	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
1918	an installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new
1919	kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
1920	option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
1921	binaries).  Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1922	hard to boot to recover.  A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
1923	compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
1924
1925	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1926	last time you updated your kernel config file.
1927
1928	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1929	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1930	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1931
1932	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1933	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
1934	warn if it is improperly defined.
1935FORMAT:
1936
1937This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1938breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1939list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1940If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1941to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1942
1943Copyright information:
1944
1945Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh.
1946
1947Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1948modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1949document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1950
1951THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1952IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1953WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1954DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1955INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1956(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1957SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1958HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1959STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1960IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1961POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1962
1963Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
1964this document.
1965
1966$FreeBSD$
1967