1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW: 15 FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 16 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 17 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 18 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 19 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 20 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 21 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 22 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 23 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 24 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 25 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 26 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 27 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 28 2920210105: 30 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 31 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 32 requires a clean build. 33 3420201223: 35 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 36 instructions can be found at 37 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 38 and other documents in that repo. 39 4020201216: 41 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 42 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 43 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 44 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 45 4620201215: 47 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 48 may be installed from ports or packages. 49 5020201124: 51 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 52 See ping(8) for details. 53 5420201108: 55 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 56 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 57 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 5820201030: 59 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 60 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 61 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 62 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 63 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 64 6520201026: 66 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 67 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 68 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 69 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 70 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 71 find. 72 7320200923: 74 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 75 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 76 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 77 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 78 79 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 80 command you want to un-auger the tree is 81 cd sys/amd64/conf 82 svn revert -R . 83 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 84 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 85 8620200824: 87 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 88 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 89 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 90 unless you want to use new features. 91 92 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 93 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 94 rebuilding world may fail. 95 96 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 97 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 98 99 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 100 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 101 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 102 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 103 10420200824: 105 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 106 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 107 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 108 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 109 11020200821: 111 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 112 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 113 sources. 114 11520200817: 116 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 117 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 118 11920200816: 120 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 121 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 122 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 123 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 124 12520200810: 126 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 127 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 128 from sources, so a version bump was done. 129 13020200807: 131 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 132 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 133 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 134 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 135 13620200729: 137 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 138 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 139 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 140 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 141 continue to function. 142 143 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 144 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 145 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 146 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 147 14820200627: 149 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 150 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 151 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 152 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 153 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 154 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 155 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 156 15720200625: 158 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 159 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 160 16120200613: 162 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 163 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 164 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 165 16620200604: 167 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 168 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 169 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 170 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 171 172 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 173 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 174 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 175 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 176 /root/.shrc. 177 17820200523: 179 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 180 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 181 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 182 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 183 18420200512: 185 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 186 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 187 18820200424: 189 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 190 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 191 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 192 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 193 be functional without closefrom(2). 194 19520200414: 196 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 197 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 198 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 199 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 200 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 201 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 202 20320200310: 204 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 205 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 206 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 207 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 208 20920200309: 210 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 211 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 212 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 213 21420200301: 215 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 216 21720200229: 218 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 219 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 220 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 221 22220200229: 223 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 224 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 225 22620200229: 227 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 228 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 229 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 230 ports or packages. 231 23220200220: 233 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 234 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 235 ncurses. 236 23720200217: 238 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 239 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 240 together with their new kernel. 241 24220200212: 243 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 244 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 245 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 246 247 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 248 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 249 25020200108: 251 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 252 linker for riscv64. 253 25420200107: 255 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 256 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 257 external toolchain package. 258 25920200104: 260 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 261 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 262 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 263 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 264 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 265 26620200102: 267 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 268 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 269 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 270 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 271 27220191226: 273 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 274 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 275 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 276 ABI. 277 27820191226: 279 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 280 28120191222: 282 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 283 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 284 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 285 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 286 28720191212: 288 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 289 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 290 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 291 29220191205: 293 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 294 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 295 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 296 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 297 differences between those included in the port and those included in 298 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 299 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 300 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 301 30220191120: 303 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 304 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 305 for automounting. 306 30720191107: 308 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 309 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 310 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 311 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 312 add superio to the set. 313 31420191021: 315 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 316 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 317 31820191021: 319 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 320 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 321 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 322 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 323 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 324 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 325 completely in the future. 326 32720191009: 328 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 329 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 330 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 331 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 332 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 333 will be removed from the list. 334 33520191009: 336 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 337 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 338 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 339 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 340 34120191003: 342 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 343 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 344 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 345 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 346 34720190913: 348 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 349 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 350 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 351 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 352 35320190823: 354 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 355 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 356 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 357 35820190727: 359 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 360 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 361 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 362 your scripts, because they had no effect. 363 364 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 365 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 366 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 367 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 368 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 369 37020190713: 371 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 372 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 373 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 374 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 375 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 376 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 377 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 378 37920190620: 380 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 381 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 382 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 383 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 384 38520190612: 386 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 387 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 388 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 389 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 390 39120190608: 392 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 393 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 394 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 395 39620190513: 397 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 398 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 399 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 400 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 401 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 402 avoid running into the limit. 403 40420190507: 405 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 406 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 407 40820190507: 409 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 410 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 411 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 412 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 413 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 414 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 415 41620190418: 417 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 418 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 419 entropy: 420 421 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 422 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 423 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 424 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 425 availability properties. 426 427 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 428 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 429 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 430 initial condition, if desired. 431 432 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 433 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 434 435 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 436 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 437 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 438 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 439 44020190416: 441 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 442 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 443 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 444 therefore unblocked). 445 44620190404: 447 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 448 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 449 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 450 is added to the command line. 451 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 452 not affected and should continue to work. 453 45420190320: 455 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 456 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 457 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 458 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 459 46020190304: 461 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 462 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 463 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 464 or higher. 465 46620190226: 467 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 468 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 469 kernel config. 470 47120190219: 472 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 473 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 474 migrating to the drm ports. 475 47620190131: 477 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 478 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 479 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 480 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 481 is loaded automatically. 482 48320190125: 484 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 485 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 486 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 487 kernel config files. 488 48920181230: 490 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 491 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 492 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 493 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 494 49520181220: 496 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 497 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 498 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 499 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 500 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect 501 most NFSv4 mounts. 502 50320181219: 504 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 505 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 506 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 507 508 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 509 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 510 511 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 512 removed from the mips port. 513 51420181211: 515 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 516 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 517 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 518 or higher. 519 52020181211: 521 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 522 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 523 52420181126: 525 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 526 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 527 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 528 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 529 53020181123: 531 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 532 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 533 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 534 53520181115: 536 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 537 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 538 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 539 FreeBSD versions. 540 54120181110: 542 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 543 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 544 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 545 546 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 547 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 548 being included using the command: 549 $ newsyslog -Nrv 550 55120181015: 552 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 553 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 554 drm-legacy-kmod. 555 556 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 557 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 558 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 559 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 560 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 561 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 562 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 563 that as you will get better support. 564 565 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 566 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 567 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 568 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 569 570 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 571 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 572 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 573 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 574 shortly. 575 57620181012: 577 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 578 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 579 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 580 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 581 be adjusted as necessary. 582 58320181009: 584 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 585 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 586 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 587 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 588 58920181006: 590 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 591 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 592 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 593 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 594 encouraged. 595 59620181002: 597 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 598 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 599 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 600 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 601 nda device name. 602 60320180913: 604 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 605 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 606 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 607 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 608 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 609 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 610 61120180826: 612 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 613 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 614 default since FreeBSD-11. 615 61620180822: 617 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 618 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 619 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 620 62120180818: 622 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 623 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 624 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 625 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 626 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 627 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 628 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 629 630 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 631 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 632 63320180815: 634 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 635 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 636 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 637 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 638 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 639 may not be observed in a future release. 640 64120180808: 642 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 643 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 644 your environment. 645 64620180731: 647 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 648 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 649 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 650 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 651 65220180730: 653 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 654 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 655 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 656 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 657 runtime services. 658 65920180727: 660 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 661 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 662 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 663 66420180723: 665 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 666 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 667 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 668 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 669 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 670 67120180720: 672 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 673 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 674 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 675 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 676 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 677 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 678 67920180719: 680 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 681 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 682 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 683 boot_serial=YES 684 boot_multicons=YES 685 in /boot/loader.conf 686 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 687 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 688 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 689 69020180719: 691 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 692 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 693 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 694 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 695 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 696 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 697 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 698 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 699 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 700 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 701 by the ntpd user. 702 70320180717: 704 Big endian arm support has been removed. 705 70620180711: 707 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 708 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 709 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 710 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 711 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 712 71320180705: 714 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 715 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 716 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 717 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 718 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 719 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 720 72120180702: 722 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 723 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 724 72520180701: 726 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 727 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 728 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 729 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 730 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 731 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 732 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 733 73420180630: 735 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 736 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 737 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 738 or higher. 739 74020180628: 741 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 742 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 743 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 744 file. 745 74620180612: 747 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 748 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 749 75020180530: 751 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 752 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 753 longer necessary. 754 75520180530: 756 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 757 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 758 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 759 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 760 76120180523: 762 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 763 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 764 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 765 later than r334108. 766 76720180517: 768 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 769 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 770 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 771 it must be removed. 772 77320180510: 774 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 775 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 776 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 777 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 778 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 779 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 780 will go away. 781 782 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 783 workaround is necessary. 784 78520180508: 786 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 787 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 788 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 789 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 790 79120180504: 792 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 793 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 794 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 795 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 796 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 797 79820180502: 799 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 800 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 801 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 802 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 803 80420180501: 805 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 806 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 807 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 808 be removed. 809 81020180413: 811 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 812 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 813 removed. 814 81520180411: 816 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 817 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 818 removed. 819 82020180406: 821 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 822 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 823 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 824 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 825 microseconds and time zone offsets. 826 827 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 828 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 829 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 830 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 831 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 832 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 833 adjustments, depending on the software used. 834 835 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 836 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 837 838 source src { 839 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 840 } 841 842 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 843 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 844 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 845 846 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 847 848 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 849 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 850 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 851 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 852 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 853 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 854 thus expected to continue to function as before. 855 856 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 857 change. 858 85920180328: 860 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 861 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 862 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 863 86420180323: 865 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 866 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 867 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 868 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 869 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 870 should be as simple as: 871 872 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 873 $ make depend all install 874 87520180212: 876 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 877 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 878 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 879 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 880 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 881 provisions for backup boot methods. 882 88320180211: 884 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 885 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 886 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 887 imp@freebsd.org. 888 88920180114: 890 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 891 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 892 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 893 or higher. 894 89520180110: 896 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 897 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 898 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 899 900 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 901 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 902 90320180110: 904 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 905 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 906 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 907 remove it from kernel config files. 908 90920180104: 910 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 911 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 912 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 913 914 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 915 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 916 91720180102: 918 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 919 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 920 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 921 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 922 92320171215: 924 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 925 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 926 92720171214: 928 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 929 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 930 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 931 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 932 93320171125: 934 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 935 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 936 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 937 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 938 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 939 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 940 94120171110: 942 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to 943 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 944 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 945 94620171106: 947 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 948 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 949 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 950 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 951 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 952 95320171102: 954 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 955 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 956 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 957 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 958 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 959 environment. 960 96120171101: 962 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 963 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 964 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 965 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 966 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 967 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 968 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 969 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 970 than hardcoding paths. 971 97220171028: 973 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 974 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 975 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 976 97720171021: 978 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 979 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 980 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 981 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 982 98320171010: 984 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 985 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 986 98720171005: 988 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 989 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 990 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 991 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 992 99320171003: 994 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 995 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 996 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 997 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 998 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 999 100020170912: 1001 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1002 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1003 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1004 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1005 /etc/ctl.conf . 1006 100720170912: 1008 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1009 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1010 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1011 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1012 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1013 101420170826: 1015 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1016 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1017 101820170825: 1019 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1020 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1021 to complete. 1022 102320170814: 1024 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1025 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1026 ${TESTSDIR}. 1027 1028 Behavioral changes: 1029 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1030 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1031 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1032 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1033 1034 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1035 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1036 sandbox if successful. 1037 1038 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1039 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1040 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1041 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1042 an unprivileged user. 1043 104420170808: 1045 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1046 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1047 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1048 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1049 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1050 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1051 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1052 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1053 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1054 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1055 to which you should answer yes. 1056 105720170728: 1058 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1059 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1060 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1061 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1062 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1063 106420170722: 1065 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1066 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1067 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1068 106920170701: 1070 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1071 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1072 107320170625: 1074 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1075 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1076 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1077 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1078 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1079 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1080 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1081 108220170623: 1083 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1084 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1085 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1086 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1087 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1088 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1089 109020170620: 1091 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1092 if you require the GPL compiler. 1093 109420170618: 1095 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1096 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1097 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1098 109920170617: 1100 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1101 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1102 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1103 followed. 1104 110520170531: 1106 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1107 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1108 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1109 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1110 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1111 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1112 111320170524: 1114 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1115 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1116 which only require one chipset support. 1117 1118 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1119 1120 if_ath_load="YES" 1121 1122 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1123 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1124 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1125 1126 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS 1127 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1128 1129 * load ath_hal 1130 * load the chip modules in question 1131 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1132 * load ath_main 1133 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1134 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1135 1136 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1137 113820170523: 1139 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1140 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1141 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1142 1143 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1144 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1145 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1146 1147 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1148 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1149 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1150 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1151 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1152 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1153 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1154 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1155 115620170424: 1157 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1158 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1159 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1160 116120170420: 1162 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1163 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1164 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1165 116620170413: 1167 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1168 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1169 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1170 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1171 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1172 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1173 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1174 117520170407: 1176 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1177 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1178 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1179 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1180 118120170405: 1182 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1183 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1184 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1185 118620170331: 1187 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1188 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1189 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1190 119120170329: 1192 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1193 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1194 1195 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1196 via one of the following methods: 1197 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1198 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1199 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1200 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1201 1202 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1203 120420170316: 1205 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1206 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1207 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1208 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1209 with mmc.ko). 1210 121120170315: 1212 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1213 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1214 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1215 be prefixed with colon. 1216 121720170311: 1218 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1219 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1220 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1221 122220170302: 1223 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1224 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1225 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1226 122720170221: 1228 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1229 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1230 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1231 change. 1232 123320170216: 1234 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1235 valid. 1236 123720170215: 1238 MCA bus support has been removed. 1239 124020170127: 1241 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1242 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1243 124420170112: 1245 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1246 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1247 124820170109: 1249 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1250 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1251 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1252 configuration. 1253 125420161217: 1255 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1256 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1257 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1258 125920161124: 1260 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1261 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1262 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1263 126420161119: 1265 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1266 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1267 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1268 126920161030: 1270 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1271 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1272 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1273 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1274 127520161017: 1276 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1277 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1278 parts. 1279 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1280 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1281 128220161015: 1283 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1284 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1285 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1286 removed from base. 1287 128820161008: 1289 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1290 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1291 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1292 129320161003: 1294 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1295 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1296 129720160924: 1298 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1299 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1300 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1301 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1302 130320160918: 1304 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1305 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1306 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1307 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1308 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1309 131020160918: 1311 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1312 131320160908: 1314 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1315 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1316 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1317 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1318 131920160824: 1320 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1321 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1322 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1323 to 1200005. 1324 132520160818: 1326 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1327 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1328 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1329 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1330 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1331 0. 1332 133320160818: 1334 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1335 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1336 133720160708: 1338 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1339 134020160622: 1341 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 1342 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 1343 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 1344 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 1345 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 1346 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 1347 kernel. 1348 134920160527: 1350 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 1351 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 1352 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 1353 previously contained a line like 1354 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 1355 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 1356 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 1357 generally be fine. 1358 135920160523: 1360 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 1361 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 1362 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 1363 built with the old headers. 1364 136520160520: 1366 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 1367 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 1368 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 1369 installing a new libc. 1370 137120160517: 1372 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 1373 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 1374 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 1375 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 1376 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 1377 packages will be needed. 1378 1379 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 1380 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 1381 and the install steps. 1382 138320160510: 1384 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 1385 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 1386 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 1387 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 1388 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 1389 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 1390 139120160414: 1392 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 1393 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 1394 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 1395 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 1396 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 1397 1398 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 1399 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 1400 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 1401 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 1402 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 1403 1404 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 1405 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 1406 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 1407 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 1408 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 1409 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 1410 vendors work. 1411 1412 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 1413 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 1414 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 1415 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 1416 quirks entry to 0x3. 1417 141820160330: 1419 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 1420 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 1421 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 1422 142320160317: 1424 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 1425 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 1426 142720160311: 1428 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 1429 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 1430 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 1431 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 1432 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 1433 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 1434 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 1435 stale .depend files. 1436 143720160306: 1438 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 1439 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 1440 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 1441 rebooting, e.g.: 1442 1443 make buildworld 1444 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1445 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1446 make -C sys/boot install 1447 <reboot in single user> 1448 1449 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 1450 below. 1451 145220160305: 1453 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 1454 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1455 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1456 145720160301: 1458 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 1459 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 1460 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 1461 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 1462 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 1463 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 1464 146520160226: 1466 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 1467 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 1468 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 1469 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 1470 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 1471 147220160129: 1473 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 1474 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 1475 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 1476 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 1477 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 1478 147920160119: 1480 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 1481 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 1482 148320160113: 1484 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 1485 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 1486 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1487 148820151216: 1489 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 1490 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 1491 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 1492 other loaders. 1493 149420151211: 1495 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 1496 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 1497 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 1498 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 1499 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 1500 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 1501 150220151207: 1503 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 1504 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 1505 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 1506 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 1507 in src.conf(5). 1508 150920151130: 1510 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 1511 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 1512 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1513 151420151108: 1515 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 1516 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 1517 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 1518 1519 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 1520 collation results will be different. 1521 1522 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 1523 locales before running make installworld. 1524 1525 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 1526 152720151030: 1528 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 1529 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 1530 153120151020: 1532 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 1533 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 1534 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 1535 153620151017: 1537 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 1538 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 1539 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 1540 and 'make -N' will not. 1541 154220151012: 1543 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 1544 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 1545 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 1546 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 1547 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 1548 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 1549 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 1550 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 1551 155220151011: 1553 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 1554 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 1555 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 1556 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 1557 155820151006: 1559 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 1560 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1561 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1562 156320150924: 1564 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 1565 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 1566 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 1567 userland debug files. 1568 1569 When using the supported kernel installation method the 1570 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 1571 as is done with /boot/kernel. 1572 1573 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 1574 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 1575 157620150827: 1577 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 1578 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 1579 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 1580 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 1581 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 1582 rc.d scripts in /etc. 1583 158420150827: 1585 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 1586 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 1587 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 1588 158920150817: 1590 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 1591 them, the kernel must have 1592 1593 device random 1594 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 1595 1596 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 1597 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 1598 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 1599 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 1600 1601 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 1602 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 1603 160420150813: 1605 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1606 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 1607 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 1608 160920150810: 1610 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 1611 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 1612 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 1613 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 1614 1615 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 1616 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 1617 difference with this change. 1618 1619 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 1620 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 1621 remove that workaround. 1622 162320150809: 1624 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 1625 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 1626 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 1627 with: 1628 1629 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 1630 163120150806: 1632 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 1633 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 1634 loader.rc.local instead. 1635 163620150805: 1637 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 1638 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 1639 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 1640 164120150728: 1642 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 1643 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 1644 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 1645 1646 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 1647 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 1648 164920150706: 1650 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 1651 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 1652 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 1653 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 1654 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 1655 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 1656 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 1657 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 1658 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 1659 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 1660 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 1661 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 1662 166320150630: 1664 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 1665 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 1666 1667 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 1668 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 1669 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 1670 1671 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 1672 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 1673 1674 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 1675 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 1676 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 1677 1678 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 1679 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 1680 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 1681 and it is assumed you know what you need. 1682 1683 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 1684 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 1685 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 1686 behaviour from your security subsystems. 1687 1688 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 1689 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 1690 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 1691 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 1692 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 1693 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 1694 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 1695 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 1696 will never happen. 1697 169820150623: 1699 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 1700 entry below has been committed in revision 284717. 1701 170220150616: 1703 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 1704 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 1705 170620150615: 1707 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 1708 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work 1709 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 1710 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 1711 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 1712 171320150614: 1714 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 1715 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 1716 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 1717 with Kyuafile and kyua. 1718 171920150614: 1720 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 1721 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 1722 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 1723 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 1724 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 1725 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 1726 2048 bit DH parameter by: 1727 1728 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 1729 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 1730 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 1731 replace it with '2'. 1732 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 1733 a file path, create a new file with: 1734 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 1735 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 1736 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 1737 5. Restart sendmail: 1738 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 1739 1740 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 1741 updated. 1742 174320150604: 1744 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 1745 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 1746 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 1747 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 1748 5.x. 1749 1750 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 1751 175220150525: 1753 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 1754 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 1755 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1756 175720150521: 1758 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 1759 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 1760 and Pandaboard: 1761 1762 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 1763 same but content is different now 1764 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 1765 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 1766 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 1767 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 1768 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 1769 177020150501: 1771 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 1772 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 1773 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 1774 177520150423: 1776 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 1777 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 1778 177920150415: 1780 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 1781 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 1782 178320150416: 1784 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 1785 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 1786 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 1787 178820150324: 1789 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 1790 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 1791 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 1792 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 1793 179420150315: 1795 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 1796 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1797 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1798 179920150307: 1800 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1801 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 1802 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 1803 kernel before rebooting. 1804 180520150217: 1806 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 1807 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 1808 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 1809 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 1810 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 1811 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 1812 181320150210: 1814 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 1815 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 1816 with the new kernel. 1817 181820150131: 1819 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1820 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 1821 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 1822 182320150118: 1824 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 1825 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 1826 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 1827 are not already using 3.5.0. 1828 182920150107: 1830 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 1831 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 1832 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 1833 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 1834 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 1835 183620150105: 1837 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 1838 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 1839 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 1840 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 1841 184220150102: 1843 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 1844 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 1845 184620141231: 1847 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 1848 1849 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 1850 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 1851 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 1852 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 1853 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 1854 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 1855 later. 1856 1857 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 1858 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 1859 of the box. 1860 1861 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 1862 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 1863 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 1864 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 1865 1866 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 1867 the instructions for 9.x above. 1868 1869 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 1870 default, and do not build clang. 1871 1872 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 1873 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 1874 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 1875 1876 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 1877 the following are most likely to appear: 1878 1879 -Wabsolute-value 1880 1881 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 1882 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 1883 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 1884 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 1885 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 1886 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 1887 cast, or disable the warning. 1888 1889 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 1890 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 1891 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 1892 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 1893 side-effects. 1894 1895 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 1896 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 1897 1898 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 1899 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 1900 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 1901 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 1902 1903 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 1904 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 1905 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 1906 unreachable could be optimized away. 1907 190820141222: 1909 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 1910 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 1911 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 1912 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 1913 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 1914 the utilities will report errors. 1915 191620141121: 1917 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 1918 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 1919 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 1920 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 1921 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 1922 LOCAL_DIRS. 1923 192420141109: 1925 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 1926 has been obsolete for a very long time. 1927 192820141104: 1929 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 1930 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 1931 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 1932 drivers. 1933 1934 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 1935 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 1936 indicate what you need to do. 1937 1938 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 1939 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 1940 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 1941 1942 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 1943 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 1944 kern.vty=sc 1945 194620141102: 1947 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 1948 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 1949 execute it. 1950 195120141009: 1952 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 1953 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 1954 devel/gperf port. 1955 195620140923: 1957 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 1958 contrib/pjdfstest . 1959 196020140922: 1961 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 1962 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 1963 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 1964 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 1965 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 1966 their next update cycle. 1967 196820140729: 1969 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 1970 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 1971 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 1972 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 1973 1.12.4_8 or newer. 1974 197520140723: 1976 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 1977 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 1978 197920140719: 1980 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 1981 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 1982 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 1983 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 1984 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 1985 new configuration. 1986 198720140709: 1988 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 1989 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 1990 them again. 1991 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 1992 199320140708: 1994 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 1995 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 1996 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 1997 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 1998 requires readline. 1999 200020140702: 2001 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 2002 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 2003 architecture. 2004 200520140701: 2006 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 2007 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 2008 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 2009 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 2010 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 2011 201220140629: 2013 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 2014 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 2015 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 2016 201720140619: 2018 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 2019 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 2020 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 2021 202220140606: 2023 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 2024 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 2025 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 2026 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 2027 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 2028 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 2029 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 2030 "make installworld". 2031 2032 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 2033 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 2034 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 2035 is run. 2036 2037 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 2038 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 2039 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 2040 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 2041 be removed during a clean upgrade. 2042 204320140512: 2044 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 2045 204620140508: 2047 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 2048 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 2049 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 2050 205120140505: 2052 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 2053 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 2054 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 2055 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 2056 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 2057 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 2058 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 2059 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 2060 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 2061 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 2062 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 2063 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 2064 2065 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 2066 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 2067 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 2068 as well. 2069 207020140430: 2071 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 2072 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 2073 207420140424: 2075 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 2076 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 2077 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 2078 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 2079 build hosts for older releases. 2080 2081 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 2082 r276991, respectively. 2083 208420140418: 2085 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 2086 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 2087 will silently lack HESIOD. 2088 208920140405: 2090 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 2091 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 2092 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 2093 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 2094 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 2095 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 2096 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 2097 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 2098 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 2099 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 2100 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 2101 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 2102 210320140306: 2104 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 2105 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 2106 with command line option -W. 2107 210820140226: 2109 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 2110 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 2111 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 2112 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 2113 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 2114 211520140216: 2116 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 2117 211820140216: 2119 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 2120 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 2121 212220140212: 2123 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 2124 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 2125 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 2126 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 2127 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 2128 212920140204: 2130 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 2131 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 2132 kernel is still highly recommended. 2133 213420140131: 2135 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 2136 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 2137 capability mode support in kernel. 2138 213920140128: 2140 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 2141 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 2142 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 2143 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 2144 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 2145 214620140110: 2147 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 2148 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 2149 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 2150 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 2151 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 2152 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 2153 215420131213: 2155 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 2156 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 2157 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 2158 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 2159 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 2160 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 2161 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 2162 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 2163 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 2164 216520131108: 2166 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 2167 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 2168 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 2169 should change your settings to use the latter. 2170 217120131025: 2172 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 2173 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 2174 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 2175 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 2176 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 2177 217820131014: 2179 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 2180 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 2181 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 2182 delete-old-libs": 2183 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 2184 or 2185 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 2186 218720131010: 2188 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 2189 revision r256279. 2190 2191COMMON ITEMS: 2192 2193 General Notes 2194 ------------- 2195 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 2196 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 2197 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 2198 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 2199 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 2200 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 2201 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 2202 report a bug if it happens consistently. 2203 2204 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 2205 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 2206 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 2207 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 2208 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 2209 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 2210 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 2211 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 2212 an exception. 2213 2214 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 2215 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 2216 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 2217 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 2218 step. 2219 2220 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 2221 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 2222 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 2223 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 2224 2225 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 2226 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 2227 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 2228 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 2229 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 2230 should write them with this in mind. 2231 2232 ZFS notes 2233 --------- 2234 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 2235 these two steps: 2236 2237 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 2238 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 2239 2240 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 2241 2242 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the 2243 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 2244 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0" 2245 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if 2246 booting from EFI). 2247 2248 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 2249 2250 To build a kernel 2251 ----------------- 2252 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 2253 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 2254 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 2255 2256 make kernel-toolchain 2257 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2258 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2259 2260 To test a kernel once 2261 --------------------- 2262 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 2263 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 2264 debugging information) run 2265 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 2266 nextboot -k testkernel 2267 2268 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 2269 ----------------------------------------------------------- 2270 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 2271 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 2272 2273 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2274 make buildworld 2275 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2276 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2277 [1] 2278 <reboot in single user> [3] 2279 mergemaster -Fp [5] 2280 make installworld 2281 mergemaster -Fi [4] 2282 make delete-old [6] 2283 <reboot> 2284 2285 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 2286 -------------------------------------------------- 2287 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 2288 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 2289 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 2290 # size. 2291 2292 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2293 <boot into -stable> 2294 make buildworld 2295 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2296 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 2297 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 2298 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 2299 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 2300 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 2301 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 2302 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 2303 <reboot into current> 2304 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 2305 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 2306 <reboot> 2307 2308 2309 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 2310 ---------------------------------------------- 2311 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2312 make buildworld [9] 2313 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 2314 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2315 [1] 2316 <reboot in single user> [3] 2317 mergemaster -Fp [5] 2318 make installworld 2319 mergemaster -Fi [4] 2320 make delete-old [6] 2321 <reboot> 2322 2323 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 2324 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 2325 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 2326 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 2327 the UPDATING entries. 2328 2329 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 2330 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 2331 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 2332 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 2333 much fewer pitfalls. 2334 2335 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 2336 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 2337 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 2338 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 2339 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 2340 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 2341 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 2342 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 2343 and effective, eg: 2344 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 2345 2346 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 2347 fsck -p 2348 mount -u / 2349 mount -a 2350 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 2351 cd src # full path to source 2352 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 2353 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 2354 into single user mode to do the installworld. 2355 2356 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 2357 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 2358 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 2359 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 2360 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 2361 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 2362 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 2363 2364 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 2365 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 2366 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 2367 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 2368 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 2369 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 2370 2371 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 2372 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 2373 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 2374 2375 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 2376 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 2377 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 2378 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 2379 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 2380 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 2381 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 2382 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 2383 2384 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 2385 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 2386 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 2387 for these as well. 2388 2389 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 2390 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 2391 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 2392 2393 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 2394 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 2395 warn if it is improperly defined. 2396FORMAT: 2397 2398This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 2399breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 2400list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 2401If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 2402to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 2403 2404Copyright information: 2405 2406Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 2407 2408Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 2409modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 2410document are permitted without further permission from the author. 2411 2412THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 2413IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 2414WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 2415DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 2416INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 2417(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 2418SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 2419HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 2420STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 2421IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 2422POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 2423 2424Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 2425this document. 2426 2427$FreeBSD$ 2428