1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020230206: 31 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 32 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 33 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 34 3520230204: 36 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 37 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 38 3920230130: 40 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 41 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 42 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 43 4420230126: 45 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 46 system are now built unconditionally. 47 4820230113: 49 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 50 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 51 5220221212: 53 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 54 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 55 56 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 57 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 58 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 59 6020221205: 61 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 62 to reenable sendmail(8): 63 64 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 65 66 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 67 6820221204: 69 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 70 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 71 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 72 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 73 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 74 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 75 76 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 77 7820221122: 79 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 80 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 81 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 82 8320221121: 84 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 85 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 86 8720221026: 88 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 89 for pkgbase users to do: 90 91 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 92 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 93 94 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 95 installed. 96 9720220610: 98 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 99 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 100 10120211230: 102 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 103 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 104 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 105 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 106 reflect this change. 107 10820211214: 109 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 110 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 111 11220211209: 113 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 114 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 115 the coming days and weeks. 116 117 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 118 or touch 119 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 120 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 121 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 122 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 123 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 124 12520211202: 126 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 127 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 128 statement in unbound.conf: 129 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 130 131 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 132 133 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 134 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 135 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 136 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 137 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 138 such names when roaming to different homenets. 139 14020211110: 141 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 142 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 143 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 144 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 145 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 146 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 147 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 148 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 149 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 150 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 151 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 152 15320211118: 154 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 155 tree shortly. 156 15720211106: 158 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 159 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 160 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 161 may need to be modified. 162 16320211022: 164 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 165 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 166 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 167 16820211020: 169 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 170 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 171 172 # chsh -s csh 173 17420211004: 175 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 176 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 177 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 178 this change. 179 18020210923: 181 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 182 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 183 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 184 list of modules to load on their systems. 185 18620210922: 187 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 188 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 189 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 190 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 191 19220210911: 193 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 194 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 195 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 196 being loaded. 197 19820210817: 199 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 200 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 201 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 202 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 203 application-specific configuration option for applications 204 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 205 20620210811: 207 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 208 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 209 21020210730: 211 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 212 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 213 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 214 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 215 21620210729: 217 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 218 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 219 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 220 22120210716: 222 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 223 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 224 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 225 22620210715: 227 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 228 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 229 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 230 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 231 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 232 to update your sources past the above hash and do 233 % cd usr.bin/awk 234 % make clean all 235 % sudo -E make install 236 to enable building kernels again. 237 23820210708: 239 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 240 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 241 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 242 24320210707: 244 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 245 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 246 24720210624: 248 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 249 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 250 for NFSv4 mounts. 251 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 252 25320210618: 254 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 255 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 256 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 257 additions and others. 258 25920210618: 260 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 261 renamed to "untrusted". 262 26320210611: 264 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 265 please install the svn package or port. 266 26720210611: 268 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 269 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 270 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 271 27220210610: 273 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 274 27520210608: 276 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 277 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 278https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 279 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 280 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 281 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 282 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 283 28420210525: 285 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 286 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 287 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 288 detect this. 289 29020210513: 291 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 292 libraries and utilities are packaged. 293 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 294 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 295 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 296 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 297 on the system. 298 29920210426: 300 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 301 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 302 need to be rebuilt from sources. 303 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 304 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 305 is not recommended. 306 30720210411: 308 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 309 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 310 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 311 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 312 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 313 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 314 31520210330: 316 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 317 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 318 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 319 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 320 32120210225: 322 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 323 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 324 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 325 32620210128: 327 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 328 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 329 update. 330 33120210108: 332 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 333 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 334 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 335 since it was bumped so recently. 336 33720210107: 338 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 339 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 340 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 341 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 342 34320210105: 344 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 345 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 346 requires a clean build. 347 34820201223: 349 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 350 instructions can be found at 351 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 352 and other documents in that repo. 353 35420201216: 355 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 356 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 357 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 358 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 359 36020201215: 361 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 362 may be installed from ports or packages. 363 36420201124: 365 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 366 See ping(8) for details. 367 36820201108: 369 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 370 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 371 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 372 37320201030: 374 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 375 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 376 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 377 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 378 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 379 38020201026: 381 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 382 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 383 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 384 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 385 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 386 find. 387 38820200923: 389 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 390 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 391 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 392 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 393 394 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 395 command you want to un-auger the tree is 396 cd sys/amd64/conf 397 svn revert -R . 398 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 399 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 400 40120200824: 402 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 403 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 404 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 405 unless you want to use new features. 406 407 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 408 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 409 rebuilding world may fail. 410 411 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 412 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 413 414 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 415 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 416 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 417 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 418 41920200824: 420 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 421 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 422 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 423 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 424 42520200821: 426 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 427 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 428 sources. 429 43020200817: 431 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 432 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 433 43420200816: 435 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 436 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 437 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 438 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 439 44020200810: 441 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 442 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 443 from sources, so a version bump was done. 444 44520200807: 446 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 447 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 448 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 449 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 450 45120200729: 452 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 453 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 454 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 455 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 456 continue to function. 457 458 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 459 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 460 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 461 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 462 46320200627: 464 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 465 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 466 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 467 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 468 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 469 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 470 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 471 47220200625: 473 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 474 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 475 47620200613: 477 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 478 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 479 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 480 48120200604: 482 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 483 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 484 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 485 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 486 487 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 488 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 489 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 490 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 491 /root/.shrc. 492 49320200523: 494 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 495 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 496 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 497 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 498 49920200512: 500 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 501 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 502 50320200424: 504 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 505 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 506 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 507 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 508 be functional without closefrom(2). 509 51020200414: 511 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 512 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 513 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 514 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 515 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 516 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 517 51820200310: 519 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 520 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 521 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 522 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 523 52420200309: 525 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 526 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 527 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 528 52920200301: 530 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 531 53220200229: 533 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 534 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 535 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 536 53720200229: 538 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 539 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 540 54120200229: 542 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 543 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 544 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 545 ports or packages. 546 54720200220: 548 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 549 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 550 ncurses. 551 55220200217: 553 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 554 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 555 together with their new kernel. 556 55720200212: 558 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 559 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 560 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 561 562 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 563 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 564 56520200108: 566 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 567 linker for riscv64. 568 56920200107: 570 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 571 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 572 external toolchain package. 573 57420200104: 575 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 576 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 577 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 578 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 579 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 580 58120200102: 582 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 583 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 584 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 585 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 586 58720191226: 588 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 589 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 590 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 591 ABI. 592 59320191226: 594 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 595 59620191222: 597 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 598 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 599 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 600 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 601 60220191212: 603 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 604 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 605 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 606 60720191205: 608 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 609 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 610 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 611 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 612 differences between those included in the port and those included in 613 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 614 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 615 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 616 61720191120: 618 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 619 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 620 for automounting. 621 62220191107: 623 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 624 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 625 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 626 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 627 add superio to the set. 628 62920191021: 630 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 631 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 632 63320191021: 634 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 635 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 636 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 637 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 638 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 639 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 640 completely in the future. 641 64220191009: 643 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 644 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 645 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 646 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 647 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 648 will be removed from the list. 649 65020191009: 651 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 652 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 653 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 654 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 655 65620191003: 657 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 658 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 659 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 660 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 661 66220190913: 663 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 664 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 665 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 666 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 667 66820190823: 669 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 670 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 671 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 672 67320190727: 674 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 675 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 676 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 677 your scripts, because they had no effect. 678 679 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 680 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 681 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 682 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 683 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 684 68520190713: 686 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 687 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 688 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 689 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 690 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 691 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 692 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 693 69420190620: 695 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 696 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 697 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 698 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 699 70020190612: 701 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 702 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 703 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 704 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 705 70620190608: 707 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 708 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 709 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 710 71120190513: 712 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 713 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 714 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 715 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 716 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 717 avoid running into the limit. 718 71920190507: 720 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 721 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 722 72320190507: 724 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 725 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 726 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 727 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 728 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 729 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 730 73120190418: 732 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 733 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 734 entropy: 735 736 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 737 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 738 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 739 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 740 availability properties. 741 742 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 743 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 744 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 745 initial condition, if desired. 746 747 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 748 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 749 750 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 751 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 752 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 753 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 754 75520190416: 756 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 757 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 758 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 759 therefore unblocked). 760 76120190404: 762 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 763 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 764 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 765 is added to the command line. 766 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 767 not affected and should continue to work. 768 76920190320: 770 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 771 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 772 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 773 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 774 77520190304: 776 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 777 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 778 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 779 or higher. 780 78120190226: 782 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 783 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 784 kernel config. 785 78620190219: 787 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 788 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 789 migrating to the drm ports. 790 79120190131: 792 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 793 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 794 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 795 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 796 is loaded automatically. 797 79820190125: 799 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 800 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 801 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 802 kernel config files. 803 80420181230: 805 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 806 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 807 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 808 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 809 81020181220: 811 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 812 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 813 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 814 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 815 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 816 most NFSv4 mounts. 817 81820181219: 819 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 820 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 821 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 822 823 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 824 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 825 826 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 827 removed from the mips port. 828 82920181211: 830 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 831 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 832 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 833 or higher. 834 83520181211: 836 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 837 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 838 83920181126: 840 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 841 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 842 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 843 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 844 84520181123: 846 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 847 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 848 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 849 85020181115: 851 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 852 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 853 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 854 FreeBSD versions. 855 85620181110: 857 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 858 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 859 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 860 861 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 862 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 863 being included using the command: 864 $ newsyslog -Nrv 865 86620181015: 867 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 868 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 869 drm-legacy-kmod. 870 871 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 872 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 873 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 874 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 875 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 876 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 877 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 878 that as you will get better support. 879 880 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 881 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 882 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 883 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 884 885 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 886 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 887 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 888 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 889 shortly. 890 89120181012: 892 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 893 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 894 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 895 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 896 be adjusted as necessary. 897 89820181009: 899 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 900 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 901 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 902 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 903 90420181006: 905 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 906 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 907 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 908 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 909 encouraged. 910 91120181002: 912 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 913 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 914 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 915 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 916 nda device name. 917 91820180913: 919 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 920 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 921 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 922 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 923 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 924 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 925 92620180826: 927 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 928 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 929 default since FreeBSD-11. 930 93120180822: 932 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 933 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 934 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 935 93620180818: 937 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 938 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 939 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 940 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 941 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 942 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 943 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 944 945 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 946 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 947 94820180815: 949 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 950 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 951 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 952 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 953 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 954 may not be observed in a future release. 955 95620180808: 957 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 958 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 959 your environment. 960 96120180731: 962 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 963 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 964 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 965 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 966 96720180730: 968 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 969 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 970 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 971 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 972 runtime services. 973 97420180727: 975 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 976 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 977 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 978 97920180723: 980 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 981 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 982 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 983 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 984 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 985 98620180720: 987 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 988 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 989 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 990 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 991 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 992 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 993 99420180719: 995 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 996 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 997 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 998 boot_serial=YES 999 boot_multicons=YES 1000 in /boot/loader.conf 1001 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1002 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1003 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1004 100520180719: 1006 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1007 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1008 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1009 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1010 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1011 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1012 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1013 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1014 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1015 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1016 by the ntpd user. 1017 101820180717: 1019 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1020 102120180711: 1022 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1023 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1024 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1025 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1026 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1027 102820180705: 1029 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1030 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1031 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1032 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1033 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1034 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1035 103620180702: 1037 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1038 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1039 104020180701: 1041 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1042 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1043 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1044 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1045 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1046 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1047 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1048 104920180630: 1050 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1051 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1052 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1053 or higher. 1054 105520180628: 1056 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1057 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1058 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1059 file. 1060 106120180612: 1062 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1063 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1064 106520180530: 1066 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1067 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1068 longer necessary. 1069 107020180530: 1071 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1072 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1073 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1074 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1075 107620180523: 1077 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1078 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1079 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1080 later than r334108. 1081 108220180517: 1083 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1084 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1085 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1086 it must be removed. 1087 108820180510: 1089 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1090 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1091 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1092 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1093 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1094 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1095 will go away. 1096 1097 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1098 workaround is necessary. 1099 110020180508: 1101 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1102 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1103 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1104 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1105 110620180504: 1107 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1108 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1109 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1110 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1111 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1112 111320180502: 1114 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1115 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1116 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1117 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1118 111920180501: 1120 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1121 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1122 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1123 be removed. 1124 112520180413: 1126 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1127 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1128 removed. 1129 113020180411: 1131 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1132 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1133 removed. 1134 113520180406: 1136 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1137 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1138 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1139 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1140 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1141 1142 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1143 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1144 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1145 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1146 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1147 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1148 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1149 1150 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1151 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1152 1153 source src { 1154 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1155 } 1156 1157 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1158 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1159 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1160 1161 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1162 1163 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1164 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1165 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1166 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1167 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1168 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1169 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1170 1171 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1172 change. 1173 117420180328: 1175 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1176 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1177 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1178 117920180323: 1180 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1181 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1182 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1183 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1184 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1185 should be as simple as: 1186 1187 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1188 $ make depend all install 1189 119020180212: 1191 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1192 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1193 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1194 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1195 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1196 provisions for backup boot methods. 1197 119820180211: 1199 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1200 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1201 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1202 imp@freebsd.org. 1203 120420180114: 1205 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1206 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1207 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1208 or higher. 1209 121020180110: 1211 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1212 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1213 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1214 1215 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1216 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1217 121820180110: 1219 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1220 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1221 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1222 remove it from kernel config files. 1223 122420180104: 1225 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1226 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1227 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1228 1229 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1230 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1231 123220180102: 1233 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1234 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1235 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1236 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1237 123820171215: 1239 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1240 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1241 124220171214: 1243 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1244 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1245 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1246 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1247 124820171125: 1249 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1250 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1251 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1252 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1253 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1254 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1255 125620171110: 1257 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1258 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1259 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1260 126120171106: 1262 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1263 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1264 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1265 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1266 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1267 126820171102: 1269 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1270 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1271 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1272 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1273 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1274 environment. 1275 127620171101: 1277 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1278 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1279 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1280 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1281 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1282 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1283 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1284 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1285 than hardcoding paths. 1286 128720171028: 1288 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1289 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1290 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1291 129220171021: 1293 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1294 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1295 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1296 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1297 129820171010: 1299 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1300 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1301 130220171005: 1303 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1304 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1305 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1306 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1307 130820171003: 1309 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1310 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1311 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1312 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1313 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1314 131520170912: 1316 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1317 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1318 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1319 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1320 /etc/ctl.conf . 1321 132220170912: 1323 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1324 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1325 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1326 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1327 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1328 132920170826: 1330 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1331 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1332 133320170825: 1334 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1335 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1336 to complete. 1337 133820170814: 1339 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1340 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1341 ${TESTSDIR}. 1342 1343 Behavioral changes: 1344 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1345 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1346 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1347 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1348 1349 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1350 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1351 sandbox if successful. 1352 1353 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1354 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1355 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1356 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1357 an unprivileged user. 1358 135920170808: 1360 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1361 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1362 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1363 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1364 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1365 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1366 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1367 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1368 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1369 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1370 to which you should answer yes. 1371 137220170728: 1373 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1374 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1375 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1376 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1377 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1378 137920170722: 1380 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1381 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1382 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1383 138420170701: 1385 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1386 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1387 138820170625: 1389 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1390 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1391 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1392 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1393 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1394 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1395 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1396 139720170623: 1398 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1399 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1400 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1401 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1402 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1403 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1404 140520170620: 1406 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1407 if you require the GPL compiler. 1408 140920170618: 1410 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1411 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1412 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1413 141420170617: 1415 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1416 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1417 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1418 followed. 1419 142020170531: 1421 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1422 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1423 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1424 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1425 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1426 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1427 142820170524: 1429 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1430 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1431 which only require one chipset support. 1432 1433 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1434 1435 if_ath_load="YES" 1436 1437 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1438 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1439 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1440 1441 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 1442 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1443 1444 * load ath_hal 1445 * load the chip modules in question 1446 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1447 * load ath_main 1448 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1449 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1450 1451 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1452 145320170523: 1454 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1455 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1456 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1457 1458 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1459 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1460 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1461 1462 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1463 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1464 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1465 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1466 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1467 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1468 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1469 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1470 147120170424: 1472 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1473 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1474 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1475 147620170420: 1477 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1478 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1479 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1480 148120170413: 1482 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1483 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1484 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1485 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1486 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1487 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1488 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1489 149020170407: 1491 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1492 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1493 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1494 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1495 149620170405: 1497 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1498 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1499 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1500 150120170331: 1502 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1503 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1504 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1505 150620170329: 1507 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1508 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1509 1510 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1511 via one of the following methods: 1512 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1513 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1514 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1515 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1516 1517 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1518 151920170316: 1520 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1521 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1522 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1523 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1524 with mmc.ko). 1525 152620170315: 1527 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1528 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1529 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1530 be prefixed with colon. 1531 153220170311: 1533 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1534 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1535 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1536 153720170302: 1538 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1539 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1540 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1541 154220170221: 1543 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1544 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1545 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1546 change. 1547 154820170216: 1549 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1550 valid. 1551 155220170215: 1553 MCA bus support has been removed. 1554 155520170127: 1556 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1557 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1558 155920170112: 1560 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1561 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1562 156320170109: 1564 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1565 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1566 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1567 configuration. 1568 156920161217: 1570 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1571 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1572 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1573 157420161124: 1575 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1576 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1577 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1578 157920161119: 1580 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1581 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1582 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1583 158420161030: 1585 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1586 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1587 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1588 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1589 159020161017: 1591 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1592 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1593 parts. 1594 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1595 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1596 159720161015: 1598 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1599 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1600 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1601 removed from base. 1602 160320161008: 1604 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1605 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1606 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1607 160820161003: 1609 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1610 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1611 161220160924: 1613 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1614 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1615 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1616 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1617 161820160918: 1619 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1620 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1621 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1622 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1623 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1624 162520160918: 1626 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1627 162820160908: 1629 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1630 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1631 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1632 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1633 163420160824: 1635 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1636 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1637 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1638 to 1200005. 1639 164020160818: 1641 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1642 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1643 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1644 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1645 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1646 0. 1647 164820160818: 1649 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1650 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1651 165220160708: 1653 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1654 1655After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 1656from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 1657entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 1658UPDATING file. 1659 1660COMMON ITEMS: 1661 1662 General Notes 1663 ------------- 1664 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1665 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1666 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1667 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1668 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1669 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 1670 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 1671 report a bug if it happens consistently. 1672 1673 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1674 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1675 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1676 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1677 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1678 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1679 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1680 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1681 an exception. 1682 1683 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 1684 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 1685 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 1686 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 1687 step. 1688 1689 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1690 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1691 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1692 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1693 1694 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1695 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1696 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1697 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1698 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1699 should write them with this in mind. 1700 1701 ZFS notes 1702 --------- 1703 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 1704 always follow these three steps: 1705 1706 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1707 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1708 1709 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 1710 doing a zpool upgrade): 1711 1712 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 1713 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1714 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 1715 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 1716 1717 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 1718 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 1719 zpool upgrade. 1720 1721 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1722 1723 EFI notes 1724 --------- 1725 1726 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 1727 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 1728 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 1729 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 1730 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 1731 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 1732 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 1733 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 1734 1735 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 1736 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 1737 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 1738 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 1739 1740 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 1741 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 1742 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 1743 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 1744 1745 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 1746 1747 To build a kernel 1748 ----------------- 1749 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1750 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1751 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1752 1753 make kernel-toolchain 1754 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1755 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1756 1757 To test a kernel once 1758 --------------------- 1759 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1760 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1761 debugging information) run 1762 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1763 nextboot -k testkernel 1764 1765 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1766 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1767 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1768 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1769 1770 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1771 make buildworld 1772 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1773 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1774 [1] 1775 <reboot in single user> [3] 1776 etcupdate -p [5] 1777 make installworld 1778 etcupdate -B [4] 1779 make delete-old [6] 1780 <reboot> 1781 1782 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1783 -------------------------------------------------- 1784 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1785 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1786 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1787 # size. 1788 1789 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1790 <boot into -stable> 1791 make buildworld 1792 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1793 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1794 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1795 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1796 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1797 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1798 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1799 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1800 <reboot into current> 1801 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1802 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1803 <reboot> 1804 1805 1806 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1807 ---------------------------------------------- 1808 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1809 make buildworld [9] 1810 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1811 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1812 [1] 1813 <reboot in single user> [3] 1814 etcupdate -p [5] 1815 make installworld 1816 etcupdate -B [4] 1817 make delete-old [6] 1818 <reboot> 1819 1820 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1821 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1822 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1823 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1824 the UPDATING entries. 1825 1826 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1827 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1828 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1829 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1830 much fewer pitfalls. 1831 1832 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 1833 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 1834 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 1835 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 1836 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 1837 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 1838 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 1839 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 1840 and effective, eg: 1841 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 1842 1843 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1844 fsck -p 1845 mount -u / 1846 mount -a 1847 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 1848 cd src # full path to source 1849 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1850 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 1851 into single user mode to do the installworld. 1852 1853 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1854 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1855 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1856 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1857 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1858 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 1859 1860 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1861 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1862 step. 1863 1864 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1865 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1866 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1867 1868 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 1869 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 1870 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 1871 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 1872 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 1873 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 1874 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 1875 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 1876 1877 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1878 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 1879 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 1880 for these as well. 1881 1882 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1883 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1884 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1885 1886 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1887 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1888 warn if it is improperly defined. 1889FORMAT: 1890 1891This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1892breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1893list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1894If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1895to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1896 1897Copyright information: 1898 1899Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 1900 1901Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1902modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1903document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1904 1905THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1906IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1907WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1908DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1909INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1910(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1911SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1912HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1913STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1914IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1915POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1916 1917Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1918this document. 1919 1920$FreeBSD$ 1921