1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020230612: 31 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda. 32 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a 33 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1 34 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel 35 config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add 36 kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf. The default has been nda on 37 all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back, 38 please email imp@freebsd.org about why. 39 4020230422: 41 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree 42 using git instead. 43 4420230420: 45 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging 46 eg. 47 make buildworld-jobs 48 runs 49 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1 50 51 where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env. 52 5320230316: 54 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed. 55 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 56 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and 57 "device imx6_ipu" to it. 58 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 59 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it. 60 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't 61 exist anymore. 62 6320230221: 64 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 65 for details. 66 6720230206: 68 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 69 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 70 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 71 7220230204: 73 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 74 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 75 7620230130: 77 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 78 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 79 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 80 8120230126: 82 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 83 system are now built unconditionally. 84 8520230113: 86 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 87 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 88 8920221212: 90 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 91 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 92 93 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 94 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 95 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 96 9720221205: 98 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 99 to reenable sendmail(8): 100 101 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 102 103 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 104 10520221204: 106 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 107 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 108 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 109 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 110 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 111 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 112 113 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 114 11520221122: 116 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 117 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 118 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 119 12020221121: 121 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 122 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 123 12420221026: 125 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 126 for pkgbase users to do: 127 128 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 129 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 130 131 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 132 installed. 133 13420220610: 135 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 136 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 137 13820211230: 139 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 140 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 141 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 142 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 143 reflect this change. 144 14520211214: 146 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 147 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 148 14920211209: 150 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 151 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 152 the coming days and weeks. 153 154 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 155 or touch 156 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 157 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 158 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 159 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 160 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 161 16220211202: 163 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 164 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 165 statement in unbound.conf: 166 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 167 168 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 169 170 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 171 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 172 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 173 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 174 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 175 such names when roaming to different homenets. 176 17720211110: 178 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 179 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 180 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 181 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 182 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 183 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 184 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 185 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 186 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 187 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 188 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 189 19020211118: 191 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 192 tree shortly. 193 19420211106: 195 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 196 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 197 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 198 may need to be modified. 199 20020211022: 201 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 202 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 203 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 204 20520211020: 206 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 207 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 208 209 # chsh -s csh 210 21120211004: 212 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 213 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 214 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 215 this change. 216 21720210923: 218 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 219 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 220 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 221 list of modules to load on their systems. 222 22320210922: 224 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 225 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 226 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 227 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 228 22920210911: 230 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 231 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 232 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 233 being loaded. 234 23520210817: 236 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 237 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 238 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 239 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 240 application-specific configuration option for applications 241 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 242 24320210811: 244 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 245 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 246 24720210730: 248 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 249 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 250 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 251 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 252 25320210729: 254 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 255 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 256 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 257 25820210716: 259 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 260 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 261 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 262 26320210715: 264 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 265 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 266 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 267 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 268 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 269 to update your sources past the above hash and do 270 % cd usr.bin/awk 271 % make clean all 272 % sudo -E make install 273 to enable building kernels again. 274 27520210708: 276 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 277 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 278 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 279 28020210707: 281 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 282 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 283 28420210624: 285 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 286 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 287 for NFSv4 mounts. 288 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 289 29020210618: 291 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 292 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 293 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 294 additions and others. 295 29620210618: 297 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 298 renamed to "untrusted". 299 30020210611: 301 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 302 please install the svn package or port. 303 30420210611: 305 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 306 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 307 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 308 30920210610: 310 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 311 31220210608: 313 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 314 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 315https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 316 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 317 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 318 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 319 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 320 32120210525: 322 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 323 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 324 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 325 detect this. 326 32720210513: 328 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 329 libraries and utilities are packaged. 330 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 331 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 332 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 333 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 334 on the system. 335 33620210426: 337 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 338 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 339 need to be rebuilt from sources. 340 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 341 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 342 is not recommended. 343 34420210411: 345 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 346 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 347 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 348 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 349 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 350 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 351 35220210330: 353 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 354 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 355 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 356 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 357 35820210225: 359 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 360 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 361 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 362 36320210128: 364 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 365 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 366 update. 367 36820210108: 369 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 370 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 371 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 372 since it was bumped so recently. 373 37420210107: 375 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 376 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 377 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 378 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 379 38020210105: 381 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 382 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 383 requires a clean build. 384 38520201223: 386 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 387 instructions can be found at 388 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 389 and other documents in that repo. 390 39120201216: 392 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 393 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 394 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 395 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 396 39720201215: 398 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 399 may be installed from ports or packages. 400 40120201124: 402 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 403 See ping(8) for details. 404 40520201108: 406 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 407 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 408 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 409 41020201030: 411 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 412 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 413 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 414 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 415 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 416 41720201026: 418 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 419 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 420 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 421 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 422 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 423 find. 424 42520200923: 426 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 427 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 428 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 429 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 430 431 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 432 command you want to un-auger the tree is 433 cd sys/amd64/conf 434 svn revert -R . 435 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 436 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 437 43820200824: 439 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 440 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 441 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 442 unless you want to use new features. 443 444 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 445 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 446 rebuilding world may fail. 447 448 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 449 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 450 451 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 452 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 453 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 454 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 455 45620200824: 457 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 458 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 459 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 460 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 461 46220200821: 463 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 464 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 465 sources. 466 46720200817: 468 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 469 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 470 47120200816: 472 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 473 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 474 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 475 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 476 47720200810: 478 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 479 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 480 from sources, so a version bump was done. 481 48220200807: 483 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 484 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 485 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 486 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 487 48820200729: 489 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 490 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 491 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 492 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 493 continue to function. 494 495 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 496 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 497 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 498 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 499 50020200627: 501 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 502 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 503 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 504 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 505 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 506 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 507 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 508 50920200625: 510 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 511 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 512 51320200613: 514 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 515 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 516 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 517 51820200604: 519 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 520 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 521 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 522 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 523 524 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 525 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 526 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 527 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 528 /root/.shrc. 529 53020200523: 531 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 532 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 533 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 534 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 535 53620200512: 537 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 538 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 539 54020200424: 541 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 542 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 543 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 544 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 545 be functional without closefrom(2). 546 54720200414: 548 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 549 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 550 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 551 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 552 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 553 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 554 55520200310: 556 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 557 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 558 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 559 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 560 56120200309: 562 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 563 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 564 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 565 56620200301: 567 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 568 56920200229: 570 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 571 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 572 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 573 57420200229: 575 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 576 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 577 57820200229: 579 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 580 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 581 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 582 ports or packages. 583 58420200220: 585 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 586 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 587 ncurses. 588 58920200217: 590 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 591 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 592 together with their new kernel. 593 59420200212: 595 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 596 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 597 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 598 599 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 600 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 601 60220200108: 603 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 604 linker for riscv64. 605 60620200107: 607 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 608 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 609 external toolchain package. 610 61120200104: 612 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 613 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 614 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 615 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 616 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 617 61820200102: 619 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 620 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 621 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 622 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 623 62420191226: 625 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 626 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 627 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 628 ABI. 629 63020191226: 631 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 632 63320191222: 634 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 635 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 636 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 637 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 638 63920191212: 640 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 641 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 642 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 643 64420191205: 645 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 646 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 647 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 648 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 649 differences between those included in the port and those included in 650 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 651 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 652 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 653 65420191120: 655 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 656 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 657 for automounting. 658 65920191107: 660 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 661 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 662 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 663 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 664 add superio to the set. 665 66620191021: 667 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 668 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 669 67020191021: 671 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 672 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 673 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 674 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 675 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 676 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 677 completely in the future. 678 67920191009: 680 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 681 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 682 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 683 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 684 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 685 will be removed from the list. 686 68720191009: 688 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 689 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 690 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 691 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 692 69320191003: 694 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 695 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 696 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 697 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 698 69920190913: 700 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 701 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 702 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 703 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 704 70520190823: 706 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 707 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 708 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 709 71020190727: 711 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 712 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 713 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 714 your scripts, because they had no effect. 715 716 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 717 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 718 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 719 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 720 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 721 72220190713: 723 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 724 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 725 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 726 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 727 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 728 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 729 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 730 73120190620: 732 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 733 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 734 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 735 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 736 73720190612: 738 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 739 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 740 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 741 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 742 74320190608: 744 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 745 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 746 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 747 74820190513: 749 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 750 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 751 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 752 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 753 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 754 avoid running into the limit. 755 75620190507: 757 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 758 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 759 76020190507: 761 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 762 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 763 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 764 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 765 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 766 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 767 76820190418: 769 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 770 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 771 entropy: 772 773 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 774 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 775 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 776 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 777 availability properties. 778 779 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 780 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 781 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 782 initial condition, if desired. 783 784 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 785 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 786 787 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 788 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 789 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 790 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 791 79220190416: 793 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 794 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 795 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 796 therefore unblocked). 797 79820190404: 799 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 800 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 801 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 802 is added to the command line. 803 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 804 not affected and should continue to work. 805 80620190320: 807 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 808 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 809 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 810 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 811 81220190304: 813 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 814 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 815 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 816 or higher. 817 81820190226: 819 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 820 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 821 kernel config. 822 82320190219: 824 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 825 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 826 migrating to the drm ports. 827 82820190131: 829 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 830 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 831 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 832 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 833 is loaded automatically. 834 83520190125: 836 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 837 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 838 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 839 kernel config files. 840 84120181230: 842 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 843 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 844 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 845 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 846 84720181220: 848 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 849 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 850 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 851 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 852 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 853 most NFSv4 mounts. 854 85520181219: 856 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 857 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 858 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 859 860 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 861 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 862 863 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 864 removed from the mips port. 865 86620181211: 867 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 868 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 869 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 870 or higher. 871 87220181211: 873 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 874 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 875 87620181126: 877 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 878 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 879 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 880 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 881 88220181123: 883 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 884 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 885 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 886 88720181115: 888 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 889 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 890 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 891 FreeBSD versions. 892 89320181110: 894 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 895 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 896 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 897 898 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 899 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 900 being included using the command: 901 $ newsyslog -Nrv 902 90320181015: 904 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 905 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 906 drm-legacy-kmod. 907 908 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 909 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 910 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 911 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 912 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 913 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 914 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 915 that as you will get better support. 916 917 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 918 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 919 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 920 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 921 922 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 923 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 924 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 925 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 926 shortly. 927 92820181012: 929 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 930 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 931 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 932 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 933 be adjusted as necessary. 934 93520181009: 936 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 937 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 938 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 939 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 940 94120181006: 942 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 943 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 944 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 945 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 946 encouraged. 947 94820181002: 949 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 950 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 951 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 952 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 953 nda device name. 954 95520180913: 956 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 957 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 958 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 959 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 960 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 961 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 962 96320180826: 964 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 965 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 966 default since FreeBSD-11. 967 96820180822: 969 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 970 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 971 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 972 97320180818: 974 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 975 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 976 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 977 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 978 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 979 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 980 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 981 982 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 983 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 984 98520180815: 986 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 987 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 988 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 989 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 990 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 991 may not be observed in a future release. 992 99320180808: 994 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 995 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 996 your environment. 997 99820180731: 999 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 1000 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 1001 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 1002 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 1003 100420180730: 1005 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 1006 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 1007 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 1008 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 1009 runtime services. 1010 101120180727: 1012 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 1013 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 1014 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 1015 101620180723: 1017 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 1018 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 1019 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 1020 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 1021 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 1022 102320180720: 1024 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 1025 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 1026 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 1027 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 1028 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 1029 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 1030 103120180719: 1032 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1033 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1034 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1035 boot_serial=YES 1036 boot_multicons=YES 1037 in /boot/loader.conf 1038 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1039 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1040 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1041 104220180719: 1043 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1044 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1045 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1046 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1047 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1048 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1049 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1050 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1051 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1052 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1053 by the ntpd user. 1054 105520180717: 1056 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1057 105820180711: 1059 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1060 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1061 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1062 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1063 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1064 106520180705: 1066 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1067 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1068 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1069 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1070 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1071 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1072 107320180702: 1074 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1075 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1076 107720180701: 1078 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1079 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1080 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1081 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1082 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1083 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1084 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1085 108620180630: 1087 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1088 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1089 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1090 or higher. 1091 109220180628: 1093 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1094 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1095 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1096 file. 1097 109820180612: 1099 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1100 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1101 110220180530: 1103 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1104 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1105 longer necessary. 1106 110720180530: 1108 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1109 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1110 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1111 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1112 111320180523: 1114 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1115 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1116 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1117 later than r334108. 1118 111920180517: 1120 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1121 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1122 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1123 it must be removed. 1124 112520180510: 1126 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1127 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1128 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1129 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1130 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1131 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1132 will go away. 1133 1134 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1135 workaround is necessary. 1136 113720180508: 1138 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1139 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1140 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1141 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1142 114320180504: 1144 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1145 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1146 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1147 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1148 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1149 115020180502: 1151 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1152 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1153 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1154 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1155 115620180501: 1157 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1158 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1159 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1160 be removed. 1161 116220180413: 1163 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1164 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1165 removed. 1166 116720180411: 1168 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1169 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1170 removed. 1171 117220180406: 1173 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1174 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1175 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1176 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1177 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1178 1179 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1180 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1181 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1182 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1183 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1184 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1185 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1186 1187 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1188 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1189 1190 source src { 1191 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1192 } 1193 1194 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1195 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1196 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1197 1198 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1199 1200 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1201 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1202 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1203 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1204 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1205 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1206 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1207 1208 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1209 change. 1210 121120180328: 1212 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1213 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1214 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1215 121620180323: 1217 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1218 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1219 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1220 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1221 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1222 should be as simple as: 1223 1224 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1225 $ make depend all install 1226 122720180212: 1228 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1229 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1230 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1231 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1232 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1233 provisions for backup boot methods. 1234 123520180211: 1236 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1237 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1238 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1239 imp@freebsd.org. 1240 124120180114: 1242 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1243 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1244 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1245 or higher. 1246 124720180110: 1248 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1249 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1250 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1251 1252 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1253 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1254 125520180110: 1256 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1257 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1258 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1259 remove it from kernel config files. 1260 126120180104: 1262 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1263 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1264 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1265 1266 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1267 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1268 126920180102: 1270 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1271 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1272 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1273 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1274 127520171215: 1276 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1277 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1278 127920171214: 1280 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1281 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1282 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1283 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1284 128520171125: 1286 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1287 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1288 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1289 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1290 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1291 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1292 129320171110: 1294 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1295 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1296 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1297 129820171106: 1299 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1300 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1301 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1302 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1303 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1304 130520171102: 1306 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1307 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1308 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1309 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1310 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1311 environment. 1312 131320171101: 1314 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1315 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1316 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1317 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1318 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1319 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1320 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1321 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1322 than hardcoding paths. 1323 132420171028: 1325 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1326 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1327 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1328 132920171021: 1330 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1331 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1332 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1333 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1334 133520171010: 1336 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1337 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1338 133920171005: 1340 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1341 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1342 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1343 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1344 134520171003: 1346 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1347 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1348 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1349 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1350 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1351 135220170912: 1353 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1354 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1355 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1356 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1357 /etc/ctl.conf . 1358 135920170912: 1360 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1361 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1362 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1363 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1364 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1365 136620170826: 1367 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1368 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1369 137020170825: 1371 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1372 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1373 to complete. 1374 137520170814: 1376 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1377 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1378 ${TESTSDIR}. 1379 1380 Behavioral changes: 1381 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1382 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1383 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1384 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1385 1386 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1387 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1388 sandbox if successful. 1389 1390 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1391 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1392 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1393 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1394 an unprivileged user. 1395 139620170808: 1397 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1398 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1399 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1400 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1401 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1402 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1403 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1404 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1405 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1406 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1407 to which you should answer yes. 1408 140920170728: 1410 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1411 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1412 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1413 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1414 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1415 141620170722: 1417 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1418 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1419 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1420 142120170701: 1422 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1423 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1424 142520170625: 1426 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1427 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1428 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1429 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1430 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1431 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1432 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1433 143420170623: 1435 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1436 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1437 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1438 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1439 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1440 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1441 144220170620: 1443 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1444 if you require the GPL compiler. 1445 144620170618: 1447 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1448 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1449 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1450 145120170617: 1452 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1453 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1454 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1455 followed. 1456 145720170531: 1458 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1459 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1460 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1461 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1462 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1463 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1464 146520170524: 1466 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1467 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1468 which only require one chipset support. 1469 1470 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1471 1472 if_ath_load="YES" 1473 1474 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1475 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1476 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1477 1478 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 1479 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1480 1481 * load ath_hal 1482 * load the chip modules in question 1483 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1484 * load ath_main 1485 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1486 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1487 1488 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1489 149020170523: 1491 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1492 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1493 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1494 1495 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1496 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1497 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1498 1499 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1500 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1501 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1502 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1503 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1504 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1505 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1506 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1507 150820170424: 1509 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1510 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1511 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1512 151320170420: 1514 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1515 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1516 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1517 151820170413: 1519 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1520 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1521 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1522 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1523 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1524 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1525 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1526 152720170407: 1528 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1529 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1530 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1531 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1532 153320170405: 1534 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1535 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1536 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1537 153820170331: 1539 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1540 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1541 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1542 154320170329: 1544 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1545 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1546 1547 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1548 via one of the following methods: 1549 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1550 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1551 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1552 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1553 1554 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1555 155620170316: 1557 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1558 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1559 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1560 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1561 with mmc.ko). 1562 156320170315: 1564 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1565 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1566 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1567 be prefixed with colon. 1568 156920170311: 1570 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1571 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1572 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1573 157420170302: 1575 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1576 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1577 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1578 157920170221: 1580 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1581 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1582 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1583 change. 1584 158520170216: 1586 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1587 valid. 1588 158920170215: 1590 MCA bus support has been removed. 1591 159220170127: 1593 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1594 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1595 159620170112: 1597 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1598 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1599 160020170109: 1601 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1602 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1603 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1604 configuration. 1605 160620161217: 1607 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1608 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1609 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1610 161120161124: 1612 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1613 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1614 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1615 161620161119: 1617 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1618 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1619 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1620 162120161030: 1622 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1623 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1624 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1625 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1626 162720161017: 1628 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1629 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1630 parts. 1631 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1632 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1633 163420161015: 1635 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1636 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1637 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1638 removed from base. 1639 164020161008: 1641 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1642 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1643 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1644 164520161003: 1646 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1647 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1648 164920160924: 1650 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1651 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1652 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1653 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1654 165520160918: 1656 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1657 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1658 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1659 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1660 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1661 166220160918: 1663 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1664 166520160908: 1666 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1667 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1668 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1669 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1670 167120160824: 1672 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1673 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1674 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1675 to 1200005. 1676 167720160818: 1678 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1679 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1680 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1681 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1682 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1683 0. 1684 168520160818: 1686 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1687 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1688 168920160708: 1690 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1691 1692After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 1693from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 1694entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 1695UPDATING file. 1696 1697COMMON ITEMS: 1698 1699 General Notes 1700 ------------- 1701 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1702 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1703 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1704 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1705 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1706 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 1707 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 1708 report a bug if it happens consistently. 1709 1710 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1711 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1712 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1713 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1714 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1715 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1716 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1717 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1718 an exception. 1719 1720 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 1721 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 1722 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 1723 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 1724 step. 1725 1726 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1727 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1728 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1729 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1730 1731 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1732 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1733 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1734 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1735 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1736 should write them with this in mind. 1737 1738 ZFS notes 1739 --------- 1740 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 1741 always follow these three steps: 1742 1743 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1744 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1745 1746 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 1747 doing a zpool upgrade): 1748 1749 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 1750 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1751 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 1752 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 1753 1754 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 1755 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 1756 zpool upgrade. 1757 1758 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1759 1760 EFI notes 1761 --------- 1762 1763 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 1764 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 1765 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 1766 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 1767 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 1768 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 1769 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 1770 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 1771 1772 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 1773 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 1774 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 1775 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 1776 1777 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 1778 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 1779 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 1780 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 1781 1782 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 1783 1784 To build a kernel 1785 ----------------- 1786 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1787 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1788 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1789 1790 make kernel-toolchain 1791 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1792 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1793 1794 To test a kernel once 1795 --------------------- 1796 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1797 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1798 debugging information) run 1799 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1800 nextboot -k testkernel 1801 1802 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1803 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1804 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1805 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1806 1807 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1808 make buildworld 1809 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1810 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1811 [1] 1812 <reboot in single user> [3] 1813 etcupdate -p [5] 1814 make installworld 1815 etcupdate -B [4] 1816 make delete-old [6] 1817 <reboot> 1818 1819 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1820 -------------------------------------------------- 1821 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1822 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1823 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1824 # size. 1825 1826 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1827 <boot into -stable> 1828 make buildworld 1829 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1830 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1831 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1832 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1833 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1834 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1835 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1836 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1837 <reboot into current> 1838 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1839 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1840 <reboot> 1841 1842 1843 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1844 ---------------------------------------------- 1845 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1846 make buildworld [9] 1847 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1848 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1849 [1] 1850 <reboot in single user> [3] 1851 etcupdate -p [5] 1852 make installworld 1853 etcupdate -B [4] 1854 make delete-old [6] 1855 <reboot> 1856 1857 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1858 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1859 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1860 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1861 the UPDATING entries. 1862 1863 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1864 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1865 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1866 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1867 much fewer pitfalls. 1868 1869 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 1870 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 1871 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 1872 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 1873 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 1874 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 1875 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 1876 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 1877 and effective, eg: 1878 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 1879 1880 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1881 fsck -p 1882 mount -u / 1883 mount -a 1884 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 1885 cd src # full path to source 1886 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1887 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 1888 into single user mode to do the installworld. 1889 1890 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1891 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1892 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1893 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1894 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1895 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 1896 1897 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1898 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1899 step. 1900 1901 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1902 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1903 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1904 1905 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 1906 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 1907 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 1908 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 1909 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 1910 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 1911 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 1912 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 1913 1914 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1915 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 1916 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 1917 for these as well. 1918 1919 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1920 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1921 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1922 1923 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1924 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1925 warn if it is improperly defined. 1926FORMAT: 1927 1928This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1929breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1930list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1931If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1932to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1933 1934Copyright information: 1935 1936Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 1937 1938Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1939modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1940document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1941 1942THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1943IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1944WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1945DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1946INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1947(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1948SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1949HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1950STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1951IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1952POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1953 1954Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1955this document. 1956 1957$FreeBSD$ 1958