1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020230629: 31 The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires 32 atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional 33 change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please 34 file a PR and assign it to imp. 35 3620230623: 37 OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout 38 the base system. It is important to rebuild third-party software 39 after upgrading. 40 4120230619: 42 To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf 43 filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered 44 locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets 45 delivered to lo0. To enable this feature: 46 47 sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1 48 service pf restart 49 50 When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not 51 filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule. 52 5320230613: 54 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now 55 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+ 56 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single 57 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't 58 already properly quoted or escaped. 59 6020230612: 61 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda. 62 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a 63 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1 64 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel 65 config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add 66 kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf. The default has been nda on 67 all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back, 68 please email imp@freebsd.org about why. 69 7020230422: 71 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree 72 using git instead. 73 7420230420: 75 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging 76 eg. 77 make buildworld-jobs 78 runs 79 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1 80 81 where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env. 82 8320230316: 84 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed. 85 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 86 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and 87 "device imx6_ipu" to it. 88 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 89 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it. 90 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't 91 exist anymore. 92 9320230221: 94 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 95 for details. 96 9720230206: 98 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 99 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 100 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 101 10220230204: 103 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 104 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 105 10620230130: 107 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 108 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 109 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 110 11120230126: 112 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 113 system are now built unconditionally. 114 11520230113: 116 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 117 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 118 11920221212: 120 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 121 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 122 123 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 124 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 125 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 126 12720221205: 128 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 129 to reenable sendmail(8): 130 131 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 132 133 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 134 13520221204: 136 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 137 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 138 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 139 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 140 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 141 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 142 143 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 144 14520221122: 146 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 147 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 148 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 149 15020221121: 151 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 152 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 153 15420221026: 155 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 156 for pkgbase users to do: 157 158 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 159 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 160 161 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 162 installed. 163 16420220610: 165 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 166 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 167 16820211230: 169 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 170 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 171 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 172 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 173 reflect this change. 174 17520211214: 176 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 177 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 178 17920211209: 180 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 181 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 182 the coming days and weeks. 183 184 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 185 or touch 186 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 187 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 188 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 189 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 190 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 191 19220211202: 193 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 194 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 195 statement in unbound.conf: 196 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 197 198 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 199 200 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 201 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 202 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 203 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 204 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 205 such names when roaming to different homenets. 206 20720211110: 208 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 209 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 210 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 211 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 212 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 213 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 214 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 215 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 216 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 217 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 218 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 219 22020211118: 221 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 222 tree shortly. 223 22420211106: 225 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 226 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 227 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 228 may need to be modified. 229 23020211022: 231 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 232 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 233 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 234 23520211020: 236 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 237 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 238 239 # chsh -s csh 240 24120211004: 242 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 243 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 244 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 245 this change. 246 24720210923: 248 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 249 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 250 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 251 list of modules to load on their systems. 252 25320210922: 254 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 255 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 256 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 257 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 258 25920210911: 260 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 261 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 262 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 263 being loaded. 264 26520210817: 266 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 267 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 268 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 269 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 270 application-specific configuration option for applications 271 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 272 27320210811: 274 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 275 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 276 27720210730: 278 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 279 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 280 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 281 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 282 28320210729: 284 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 285 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 286 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 287 28820210716: 289 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 290 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 291 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 292 29320210715: 294 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 295 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 296 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 297 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 298 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 299 to update your sources past the above hash and do 300 % cd usr.bin/awk 301 % make clean all 302 % sudo -E make install 303 to enable building kernels again. 304 30520210708: 306 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 307 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 308 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 309 31020210707: 311 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 312 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 313 31420210624: 315 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 316 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 317 for NFSv4 mounts. 318 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 319 32020210618: 321 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 322 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 323 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 324 additions and others. 325 32620210618: 327 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 328 renamed to "untrusted". 329 33020210611: 331 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 332 please install the svn package or port. 333 33420210611: 335 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 336 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 337 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 338 33920210610: 340 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 341 34220210608: 343 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 344 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 345https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 346 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 347 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 348 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 349 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 350 35120210525: 352 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 353 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 354 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 355 detect this. 356 35720210513: 358 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 359 libraries and utilities are packaged. 360 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 361 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 362 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 363 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 364 on the system. 365 36620210426: 367 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 368 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 369 need to be rebuilt from sources. 370 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 371 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 372 is not recommended. 373 37420210411: 375 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 376 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 377 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 378 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 379 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 380 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 381 38220210330: 383 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 384 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 385 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 386 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 387 38820210225: 389 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 390 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 391 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 392 39320210128: 394 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 395 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 396 update. 397 39820210108: 399 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 400 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 401 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 402 since it was bumped so recently. 403 40420210107: 405 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 406 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 407 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 408 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 409 41020210105: 411 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 412 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 413 requires a clean build. 414 41520201223: 416 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 417 instructions can be found at 418 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 419 and other documents in that repo. 420 42120201216: 422 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 423 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 424 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 425 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 426 42720201215: 428 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 429 may be installed from ports or packages. 430 43120201124: 432 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 433 See ping(8) for details. 434 43520201108: 436 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 437 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 438 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 439 44020201030: 441 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 442 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 443 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 444 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 445 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 446 44720201026: 448 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 449 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 450 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 451 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 452 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 453 find. 454 45520200923: 456 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 457 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 458 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 459 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 460 461 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 462 command you want to un-auger the tree is 463 cd sys/amd64/conf 464 svn revert -R . 465 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 466 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 467 46820200824: 469 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 470 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 471 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 472 unless you want to use new features. 473 474 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 475 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 476 rebuilding world may fail. 477 478 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 479 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 480 481 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 482 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 483 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 484 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 485 48620200824: 487 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 488 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 489 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 490 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 491 49220200821: 493 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 494 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 495 sources. 496 49720200817: 498 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 499 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 500 50120200816: 502 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 503 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 504 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 505 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 506 50720200810: 508 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 509 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 510 from sources, so a version bump was done. 511 51220200807: 513 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 514 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 515 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 516 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 517 51820200729: 519 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 520 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 521 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 522 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 523 continue to function. 524 525 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 526 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 527 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 528 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 529 53020200627: 531 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 532 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 533 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 534 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 535 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 536 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 537 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 538 53920200625: 540 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 541 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 542 54320200613: 544 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 545 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 546 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 547 54820200604: 549 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 550 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 551 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 552 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 553 554 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 555 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 556 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 557 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 558 /root/.shrc. 559 56020200523: 561 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 562 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 563 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 564 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 565 56620200512: 567 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 568 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 569 57020200424: 571 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 572 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 573 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 574 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 575 be functional without closefrom(2). 576 57720200414: 578 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 579 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 580 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 581 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 582 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 583 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 584 58520200310: 586 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 587 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 588 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 589 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 590 59120200309: 592 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 593 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 594 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 595 59620200301: 597 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 598 59920200229: 600 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 601 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 602 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 603 60420200229: 605 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 606 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 607 60820200229: 609 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 610 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 611 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 612 ports or packages. 613 61420200220: 615 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 616 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 617 ncurses. 618 61920200217: 620 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 621 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 622 together with their new kernel. 623 62420200212: 625 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 626 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 627 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 628 629 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 630 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 631 63220200108: 633 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 634 linker for riscv64. 635 63620200107: 637 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 638 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 639 external toolchain package. 640 64120200104: 642 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 643 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 644 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 645 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 646 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 647 64820200102: 649 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 650 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 651 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 652 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 653 65420191226: 655 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 656 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 657 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 658 ABI. 659 66020191226: 661 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 662 66320191222: 664 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 665 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 666 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 667 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 668 66920191212: 670 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 671 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 672 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 673 67420191205: 675 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 676 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 677 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 678 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 679 differences between those included in the port and those included in 680 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 681 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 682 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 683 68420191120: 685 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 686 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 687 for automounting. 688 68920191107: 690 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 691 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 692 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 693 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 694 add superio to the set. 695 69620191021: 697 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 698 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 699 70020191021: 701 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 702 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 703 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 704 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 705 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 706 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 707 completely in the future. 708 70920191009: 710 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 711 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 712 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 713 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 714 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 715 will be removed from the list. 716 71720191009: 718 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 719 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 720 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 721 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 722 72320191003: 724 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 725 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 726 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 727 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 728 72920190913: 730 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 731 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 732 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 733 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 734 73520190823: 736 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 737 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 738 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 739 74020190727: 741 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 742 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 743 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 744 your scripts, because they had no effect. 745 746 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 747 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 748 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 749 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 750 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 751 75220190713: 753 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 754 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 755 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 756 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 757 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 758 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 759 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 760 76120190620: 762 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 763 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 764 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 765 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 766 76720190612: 768 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 769 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 770 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 771 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 772 77320190608: 774 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 775 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 776 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 777 77820190513: 779 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 780 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 781 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 782 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 783 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 784 avoid running into the limit. 785 78620190507: 787 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 788 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 789 79020190507: 791 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 792 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 793 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 794 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 795 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 796 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 797 79820190418: 799 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 800 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 801 entropy: 802 803 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 804 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 805 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 806 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 807 availability properties. 808 809 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 810 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 811 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 812 initial condition, if desired. 813 814 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 815 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 816 817 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 818 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 819 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 820 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 821 82220190416: 823 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 824 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 825 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 826 therefore unblocked). 827 82820190404: 829 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 830 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 831 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 832 is added to the command line. 833 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 834 not affected and should continue to work. 835 83620190320: 837 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 838 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 839 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 840 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 841 84220190304: 843 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 844 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 845 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 846 or higher. 847 84820190226: 849 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 850 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 851 kernel config. 852 85320190219: 854 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 855 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 856 migrating to the drm ports. 857 85820190131: 859 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 860 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 861 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 862 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 863 is loaded automatically. 864 86520190125: 866 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 867 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 868 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 869 kernel config files. 870 87120181230: 872 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 873 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 874 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 875 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 876 87720181220: 878 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 879 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 880 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 881 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 882 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 883 most NFSv4 mounts. 884 88520181219: 886 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 887 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 888 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 889 890 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 891 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 892 893 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 894 removed from the mips port. 895 89620181211: 897 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 898 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 899 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 900 or higher. 901 90220181211: 903 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 904 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 905 90620181126: 907 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 908 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 909 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 910 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 911 91220181123: 913 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 914 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 915 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 916 91720181115: 918 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 919 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 920 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 921 FreeBSD versions. 922 92320181110: 924 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 925 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 926 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 927 928 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 929 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 930 being included using the command: 931 $ newsyslog -Nrv 932 93320181015: 934 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 935 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 936 drm-legacy-kmod. 937 938 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 939 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 940 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 941 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 942 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 943 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 944 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 945 that as you will get better support. 946 947 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 948 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 949 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 950 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 951 952 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 953 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 954 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 955 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 956 shortly. 957 95820181012: 959 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 960 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 961 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 962 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 963 be adjusted as necessary. 964 96520181009: 966 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 967 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 968 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 969 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 970 97120181006: 972 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 973 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 974 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 975 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 976 encouraged. 977 97820181002: 979 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 980 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 981 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 982 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 983 nda device name. 984 98520180913: 986 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 987 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 988 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 989 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 990 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 991 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 992 99320180826: 994 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 995 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 996 default since FreeBSD-11. 997 99820180822: 999 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 1000 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 1001 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 1002 100320180818: 1004 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 1005 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 1006 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 1007 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 1008 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 1009 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 1010 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 1011 1012 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 1013 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 1014 101520180815: 1016 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 1017 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 1018 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 1019 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 1020 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 1021 may not be observed in a future release. 1022 102320180808: 1024 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 1025 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 1026 your environment. 1027 102820180731: 1029 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 1030 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 1031 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 1032 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 1033 103420180730: 1035 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 1036 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 1037 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 1038 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 1039 runtime services. 1040 104120180727: 1042 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 1043 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 1044 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 1045 104620180723: 1047 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 1048 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 1049 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 1050 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 1051 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 1052 105320180720: 1054 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 1055 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 1056 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 1057 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 1058 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 1059 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 1060 106120180719: 1062 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1063 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1064 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1065 boot_serial=YES 1066 boot_multicons=YES 1067 in /boot/loader.conf 1068 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1069 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1070 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1071 107220180719: 1073 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1074 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1075 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1076 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1077 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1078 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1079 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1080 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1081 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1082 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1083 by the ntpd user. 1084 108520180717: 1086 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1087 108820180711: 1089 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1090 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1091 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1092 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1093 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1094 109520180705: 1096 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1097 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1098 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1099 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1100 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1101 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1102 110320180702: 1104 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1105 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1106 110720180701: 1108 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1109 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1110 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1111 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1112 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1113 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1114 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1115 111620180630: 1117 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1118 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1119 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1120 or higher. 1121 112220180628: 1123 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1124 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1125 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1126 file. 1127 112820180612: 1129 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1130 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1131 113220180530: 1133 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1134 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1135 longer necessary. 1136 113720180530: 1138 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1139 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1140 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1141 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1142 114320180523: 1144 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1145 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1146 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1147 later than r334108. 1148 114920180517: 1150 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1151 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1152 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1153 it must be removed. 1154 115520180510: 1156 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1157 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1158 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1159 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1160 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1161 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1162 will go away. 1163 1164 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1165 workaround is necessary. 1166 116720180508: 1168 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1169 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1170 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1171 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1172 117320180504: 1174 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1175 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1176 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1177 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1178 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1179 118020180502: 1181 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1182 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1183 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1184 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1185 118620180501: 1187 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1188 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1189 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1190 be removed. 1191 119220180413: 1193 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1194 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1195 removed. 1196 119720180411: 1198 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1199 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1200 removed. 1201 120220180406: 1203 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1204 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1205 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1206 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1207 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1208 1209 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1210 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1211 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1212 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1213 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1214 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1215 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1216 1217 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1218 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1219 1220 source src { 1221 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1222 } 1223 1224 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1225 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1226 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1227 1228 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1229 1230 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1231 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1232 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1233 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1234 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1235 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1236 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1237 1238 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1239 change. 1240 124120180328: 1242 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1243 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1244 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1245 124620180323: 1247 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1248 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1249 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1250 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1251 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1252 should be as simple as: 1253 1254 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1255 $ make depend all install 1256 125720180212: 1258 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1259 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1260 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1261 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1262 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1263 provisions for backup boot methods. 1264 126520180211: 1266 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1267 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1268 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1269 imp@freebsd.org. 1270 127120180114: 1272 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1273 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1274 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1275 or higher. 1276 127720180110: 1278 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1279 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1280 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1281 1282 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1283 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1284 128520180110: 1286 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1287 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1288 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1289 remove it from kernel config files. 1290 129120180104: 1292 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1293 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1294 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1295 1296 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1297 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1298 129920180102: 1300 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1301 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1302 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1303 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1304 130520171215: 1306 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1307 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1308 130920171214: 1310 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1311 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1312 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1313 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1314 131520171125: 1316 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1317 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1318 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1319 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1320 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1321 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1322 132320171110: 1324 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1325 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1326 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1327 132820171106: 1329 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1330 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1331 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1332 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1333 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1334 133520171102: 1336 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1337 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1338 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1339 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1340 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1341 environment. 1342 134320171101: 1344 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1345 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1346 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1347 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1348 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1349 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1350 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1351 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1352 than hardcoding paths. 1353 135420171028: 1355 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1356 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1357 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1358 135920171021: 1360 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1361 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1362 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1363 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1364 136520171010: 1366 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1367 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1368 136920171005: 1370 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1371 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1372 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1373 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1374 137520171003: 1376 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1377 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1378 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1379 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1380 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1381 138220170912: 1383 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1384 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1385 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1386 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1387 /etc/ctl.conf . 1388 138920170912: 1390 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1391 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1392 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1393 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1394 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1395 139620170826: 1397 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1398 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1399 140020170825: 1401 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1402 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1403 to complete. 1404 140520170814: 1406 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1407 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1408 ${TESTSDIR}. 1409 1410 Behavioral changes: 1411 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1412 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1413 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1414 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1415 1416 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1417 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1418 sandbox if successful. 1419 1420 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1421 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1422 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1423 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1424 an unprivileged user. 1425 142620170808: 1427 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1428 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1429 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1430 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1431 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1432 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1433 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1434 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1435 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1436 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1437 to which you should answer yes. 1438 143920170728: 1440 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1441 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1442 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1443 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1444 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1445 144620170722: 1447 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1448 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1449 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1450 145120170701: 1452 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1453 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1454 145520170625: 1456 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1457 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1458 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1459 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1460 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1461 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1462 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1463 146420170623: 1465 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1466 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1467 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1468 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1469 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1470 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1471 147220170620: 1473 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1474 if you require the GPL compiler. 1475 147620170618: 1477 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1478 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1479 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1480 148120170617: 1482 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1483 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1484 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1485 followed. 1486 148720170531: 1488 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1489 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1490 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1491 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1492 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1493 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1494 149520170524: 1496 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1497 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1498 which only require one chipset support. 1499 1500 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1501 1502 if_ath_load="YES" 1503 1504 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1505 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1506 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1507 1508 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 1509 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1510 1511 * load ath_hal 1512 * load the chip modules in question 1513 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1514 * load ath_main 1515 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1516 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1517 1518 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1519 152020170523: 1521 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1522 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1523 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1524 1525 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1526 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1527 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1528 1529 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1530 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1531 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1532 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1533 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1534 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1535 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1536 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1537 153820170424: 1539 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1540 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1541 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1542 154320170420: 1544 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1545 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1546 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1547 154820170413: 1549 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1550 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1551 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1552 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1553 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1554 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1555 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1556 155720170407: 1558 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1559 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1560 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1561 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1562 156320170405: 1564 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1565 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1566 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1567 156820170331: 1569 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1570 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1571 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1572 157320170329: 1574 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1575 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1576 1577 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1578 via one of the following methods: 1579 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1580 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1581 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1582 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1583 1584 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1585 158620170316: 1587 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1588 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1589 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1590 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1591 with mmc.ko). 1592 159320170315: 1594 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1595 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1596 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1597 be prefixed with colon. 1598 159920170311: 1600 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1601 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1602 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1603 160420170302: 1605 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1606 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1607 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1608 160920170221: 1610 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1611 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1612 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1613 change. 1614 161520170216: 1616 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1617 valid. 1618 161920170215: 1620 MCA bus support has been removed. 1621 162220170127: 1623 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1624 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1625 162620170112: 1627 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1628 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1629 163020170109: 1631 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1632 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1633 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1634 configuration. 1635 163620161217: 1637 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1638 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1639 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1640 164120161124: 1642 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1643 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1644 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1645 164620161119: 1647 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1648 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1649 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1650 165120161030: 1652 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1653 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1654 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1655 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1656 165720161017: 1658 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1659 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1660 parts. 1661 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1662 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1663 166420161015: 1665 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1666 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1667 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1668 removed from base. 1669 167020161008: 1671 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1672 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1673 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1674 167520161003: 1676 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1677 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1678 167920160924: 1680 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1681 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1682 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1683 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1684 168520160918: 1686 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1687 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1688 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1689 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1690 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1691 169220160918: 1693 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1694 169520160908: 1696 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1697 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1698 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1699 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1700 170120160824: 1702 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1703 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1704 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1705 to 1200005. 1706 170720160818: 1708 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1709 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1710 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1711 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1712 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1713 0. 1714 171520160818: 1716 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1717 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1718 171920160708: 1720 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1721 1722After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 1723from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 1724entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 1725UPDATING file. 1726 1727COMMON ITEMS: 1728 1729 General Notes 1730 ------------- 1731 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1732 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1733 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1734 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1735 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1736 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 1737 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 1738 report a bug if it happens consistently. 1739 1740 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1741 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1742 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1743 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1744 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1745 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1746 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1747 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1748 an exception. 1749 1750 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 1751 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 1752 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 1753 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 1754 step. 1755 1756 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1757 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1758 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1759 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1760 1761 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1762 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1763 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1764 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1765 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1766 should write them with this in mind. 1767 1768 ZFS notes 1769 --------- 1770 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 1771 always follow these three steps: 1772 1773 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1774 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1775 1776 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 1777 doing a zpool upgrade): 1778 1779 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 1780 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1781 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 1782 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 1783 1784 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 1785 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 1786 zpool upgrade. 1787 1788 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1789 1790 EFI notes 1791 --------- 1792 1793 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 1794 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 1795 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 1796 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 1797 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 1798 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 1799 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 1800 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 1801 1802 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 1803 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 1804 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 1805 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 1806 1807 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 1808 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 1809 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 1810 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 1811 1812 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 1813 1814 To build a kernel 1815 ----------------- 1816 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1817 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1818 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1819 1820 make kernel-toolchain 1821 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1822 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1823 1824 To test a kernel once 1825 --------------------- 1826 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1827 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1828 debugging information) run 1829 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1830 nextboot -k testkernel 1831 1832 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1833 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1834 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1835 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1836 1837 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1838 make buildworld 1839 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1840 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1841 [1] 1842 <reboot in single user> [3] 1843 etcupdate -p [5] 1844 make installworld 1845 etcupdate -B [4] 1846 make delete-old [6] 1847 <reboot> 1848 1849 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1850 -------------------------------------------------- 1851 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1852 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1853 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1854 # size. 1855 1856 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1857 <boot into -stable> 1858 make buildworld 1859 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1860 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1861 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1862 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1863 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1864 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1865 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1866 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1867 <reboot into current> 1868 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1869 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1870 <reboot> 1871 1872 1873 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1874 ---------------------------------------------- 1875 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1876 make buildworld [9] 1877 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1878 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1879 [1] 1880 <reboot in single user> [3] 1881 etcupdate -p [5] 1882 make installworld 1883 etcupdate -B [4] 1884 make delete-old [6] 1885 <reboot> 1886 1887 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1888 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1889 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1890 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1891 the UPDATING entries. 1892 1893 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1894 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1895 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1896 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1897 much fewer pitfalls. 1898 1899 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 1900 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 1901 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 1902 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 1903 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 1904 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 1905 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 1906 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 1907 and effective, eg: 1908 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 1909 1910 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1911 fsck -p 1912 mount -u / 1913 mount -a 1914 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 1915 cd src # full path to source 1916 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1917 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 1918 into single user mode to do the installworld. 1919 1920 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1921 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1922 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1923 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1924 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1925 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 1926 1927 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1928 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1929 step. 1930 1931 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1932 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1933 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1934 1935 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 1936 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 1937 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 1938 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 1939 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 1940 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 1941 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 1942 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 1943 1944 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1945 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 1946 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 1947 for these as well. 1948 1949 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1950 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1951 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1952 1953 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1954 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1955 warn if it is improperly defined. 1956FORMAT: 1957 1958This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1959breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1960list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1961If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1962to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1963 1964Copyright information: 1965 1966Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 1967 1968Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1969modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1970document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1971 1972THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1973IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1974WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1975DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1976INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1977(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1978SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1979HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1980STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1981IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1982POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1983 1984Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1985this document. 1986 1987$FreeBSD$ 1988