1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/updating-src.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process 17from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 12.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 12.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 34 35****************************** SPECIAL WARNING: ****************************** 36 37 Due to a bug in some versions of clang that's very hard to workaround in 38 the upgrade process, to upgrade to -current you must first upgrade 39 either stable/9 after r286035 or stable/10 after r286033 (including 40 10.3-RELEASE) or current after r286007 (including stable/11 and 41 11.0-RELEASE). These revisions post-date the 10.2 and 9.3 releases, so 42 you'll need to take the unusual step of upgrading to the tip of the 43 stable branch before moving to 11 or -current via a source upgrade. 44 stable/11 and 11.0-RELEASE have working newer compiler. This differs 45 from the historical situation where one could upgrade from anywhere on 46 the last couple of stable branches, so be careful. 47 48 If you're running a hybrid system on 9.x or 10.x with an updated clang 49 compiler or are using an supported external toolchain, the build system 50 will allow the upgrade. Otherwise it will print a reminder. 51 52****************************** SPECIAL WARNING: ****************************** 53 5420170826: 55 During boot the geli passphrase will be hidden. To restore previous 56 behavior see geli(8) configuration options. 57 5820170825: 59 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 60 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 61 to complete. 62 6320170814: 64 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 65 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 66 ${TESTSDIR}. 67 68 Behavioral changes: 69 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 70 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 71 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 72 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 73 74 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 75 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 76 sandbox if successful. 77 78 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 79 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 80 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 81 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 82 an unprivileged user. 83 8420170808: 85 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 86 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 87 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 88 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 89 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 90 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 91 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 92 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 93 forground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 94 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 95 to which you should answer yes. 96 9720170728: 98 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 99 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 100 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 101 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 102 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 103 10420170722: 105 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 106 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 107 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 108 10920170701: 110 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 111 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 112 11320170625: 114 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 115 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 116 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 117 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 118 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 119 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 120 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 121 12220170623: 123 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 124 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 125 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 126 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 127 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 128 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 129 13020170620: 131 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 132 if you require the GPL compiler. 133 13420170618: 135 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 136 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 137 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 138 13920170617: 140 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 141 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 142 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 143 followed. 144 14520170531: 146 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 147 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 148 from ports (and recommends to install it). 149 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 150 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 151 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 152 15320170524: 154 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 155 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 156 which only require one chipset support. 157 158 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 159 160 if_ath_load="YES" 161 162 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 163 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 164 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 165 166 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS 167 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 168 169 * load ath_hal 170 * load the chip modules in question 171 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 172 * load ath_main 173 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 174 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 175 176 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 177 17820170523: 179 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 180 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 181 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 182 183 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 184 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 185 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 186 187 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 188 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the 189 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild 190 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically, 191 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before 192 installing world. 193 19420170424: 195 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 196 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 197 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 198 19920170420: 200 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 201 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 202 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 203 20420170413: 205 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 206 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 207 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 208 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 209 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 210 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 211 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 212 21320170407: 214 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 215 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 216 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 217 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 218 21920170405: 220 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 221 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 222 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 223 22420170331: 225 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 226 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 227 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 228 22920170329: 230 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 231 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 232 233 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 234 via one of the following methods: 235 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 236 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 237 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 238 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 239 240 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 241 24220170316: 243 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 244 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 245 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 246 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 247 with mmc.ko). 248 24920170315: 250 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 251 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 252 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 253 be prefixed with colon. 254 25520170311: 256 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 257 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 258 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 259 26020170302: 261 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 262 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 263 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 264 26520170221: 266 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 267 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 268 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 269 change. 270 27120170216: 272 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 273 valid. 274 27520170215: 276 MCA bus support has been removed. 277 27820170127: 279 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 280 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 281 28220170112: 283 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 284 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 285 28620170109: 287 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 288 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 289 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration. 290 29120161217: 292 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 293 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 294 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 295 29620161124: 297 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 298 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 299 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 300 30120161119: 302 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 303 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 304 that link against it need to be recompiled. 305 30620161030: 307 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 308 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 309 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 310 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 311 31220161017: 313 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 314 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 315 parts. 316 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 317 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 318 31920161015: 320 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 321 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 322 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 323 removed from base. 324 32520161008: 326 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 327 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 328 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 329 33020161003: 331 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 332 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 333 33420160924: 335 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 336 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 337 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 338 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 339 34020160918: 341 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 342 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 343 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 344 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 345 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 346 34720160918: 348 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 349 35020160908: 351 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 352 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 353 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 354 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 355 35620160824: 357 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 358 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 359 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 360 to 1200005. 361 36220160818: 363 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 364 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 365 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 366 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 367 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 368 0. 369 37020160818: 371 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 372 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 373 37420160622: 375 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 376 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 377 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 378 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 379 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 380 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 381 kernel. 382 38320160527: 384 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 385 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 386 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 387 previously contained a line like 388 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 389 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 390 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 391 generally be fine. 392 39320160523: 394 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 395 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 396 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 397 built with the old headers. 398 39920160520: 400 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 401 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 402 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 403 installing a new libc. 404 40520160517: 406 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 407 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 408 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 409 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 410 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 411 packages will be needed. 412 413 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 414 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 415 and the install steps. 416 41720160510: 418 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 419 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 420 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 421 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 422 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 423 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 424 42520160414: 426 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 427 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 428 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 429 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 430 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 431 432 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 433 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 434 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 435 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 436 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 437 438 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 439 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 440 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 441 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 442 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 443 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 444 vendors work. 445 446 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 447 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 448 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 449 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 450 quirks entry to 0x3. 451 45220160330: 453 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 454 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 455 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 456 45720160317: 458 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 459 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 460 46120160311: 462 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 463 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 464 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 465 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 466 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 467 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 468 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 469 stale .depend files. 470 47120160306: 472 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 473 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 474 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 475 rebooting, e.g.: 476 477 make buildworld 478 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 479 make -C sys/boot install 480 <reboot in single user> 481 482 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 483 below. 484 48520160305: 486 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 487 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 488 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 489 49020160301: 491 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 492 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 493 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 494 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 495 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 496 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 497 49820160226: 499 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 500 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 501 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 502 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 503 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 504 50520160129: 506 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 507 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 508 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 509 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 510 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 511 51220160119: 513 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 514 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 515 51620160113: 517 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 518 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 519 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 520 52120151216: 522 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 523 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 524 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 525 other loaders. 526 52720151211: 528 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 529 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 530 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 531 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 532 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 533 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 534 53520151207: 536 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 537 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 538 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 539 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 540 in src.conf(5). 541 54220151130: 543 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 544 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 545 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 546 54720151108: 548 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 549 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 550 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 551 552 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 553 collation results will be different. 554 555 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 556 locales before running make installworld. 557 558 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 559 56020151030: 561 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 562 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 563 56420151020: 565 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 566 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 567 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 568 56920151017: 570 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 571 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 572 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 573 and 'make -N' will not. 574 57520151012: 576 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 577 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 578 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 579 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 580 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 581 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 582 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 583 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 584 58520151011: 586 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 587 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 588 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 589 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 590 59120151006: 592 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 593 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 594 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 595 59620150924: 597 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 598 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 599 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 600 userland debug files. 601 602 When using the supported kernel installation method the 603 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 604 as is done with /boot/kernel. 605 606 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 607 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 608 60920150827: 610 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 611 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 612 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 613 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 614 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 615 rc.d scripts in /etc. 616 61720150827: 618 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 619 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 620 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 621 62220150817: 623 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 624 them, the kernel must have 625 626 device random 627 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 628 629 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 630 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 631 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 632 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 633 634 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 635 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 636 63720150813: 638 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 639 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 640 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 641 64220150810: 643 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 644 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 645 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 646 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 647 648 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 649 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 650 difference with this change. 651 652 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 653 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 654 remove that workaround. 655 65620150809: 657 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 658 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 659 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 660 with: 661 662 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 663 66420150806: 665 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 666 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 667 loader.rc.local instead. 668 66920150805: 670 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 671 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 672 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 673 67420150728: 675 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 676 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 677 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 678 679 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 680 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 681 68220150706: 683 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 684 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 685 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 686 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 687 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 688 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 689 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 690 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 691 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 692 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 693 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 694 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 695 69620150630: 697 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 698 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 699 700 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 701 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 702 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 703 704 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 705 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 706 707 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 708 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 709 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 710 711 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 712 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 713 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 714 and it is assumed you know what you need. 715 716 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 717 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 718 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 719 behaviour from your security subsystems. 720 721 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 722 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 723 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 724 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 725 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 726 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 727 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 728 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 729 will never happen. 730 73120150623: 732 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 733 entry below has been been committed in revision 284717. 734 73520150616: 736 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 737 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 738 73920150615: 740 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 741 below has been been committed in revision 284436. The work 742 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 743 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 744 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 745 74620150614: 747 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 748 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 749 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 750 with Kyuafile and kyua. 751 75220150614: 753 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 754 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 755 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 756 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 757 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 758 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 759 2048 bit DH parameter by: 760 761 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 762 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 763 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 764 replace it with '2'. 765 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 766 a file path, create a new file with: 767 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 768 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 769 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 770 5. Restart sendmail: 771 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 772 773 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 774 updated. 775 77620150604: 777 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 778 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 779 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 780 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 781 5.x. 782 783 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 784 78520150525: 786 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 787 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 788 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 789 79020150521: 791 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 792 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 793 and Pandaboard: 794 795 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 796 same but content is different now 797 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 798 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 799 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 800 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 801 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 802 80320150501: 804 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 805 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 806 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 807 80820150423: 809 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 810 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 811 81220150415: 813 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 814 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 815 81620150416: 817 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 818 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 819 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 820 82120150324: 822 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 823 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 824 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 825 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 826 82720150315: 828 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 829 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 830 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 831 83220150307: 833 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 834 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 835 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 836 kernel before rebooting. 837 83820150217: 839 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 840 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 841 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 842 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 843 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 844 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 845 84620150210: 847 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 848 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 849 with the new kernel. 850 85120150131: 852 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 853 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 854 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 855 85620150118: 857 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 858 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 859 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 860 are not already using 3.5.0. 861 86220150107: 863 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 864 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 865 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 866 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 867 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 868 86920150105: 870 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 871 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 872 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 873 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 874 87520150102: 876 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 877 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 878 87920141231: 880 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 881 882 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 883 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 884 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 885 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 886 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 887 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 888 later. 889 890 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 891 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 892 of the box. 893 894 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 895 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 896 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 897 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 898 899 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 900 the instructions for 9.x above. 901 902 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 903 default, and do not build clang. 904 905 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 906 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 907 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 908 909 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 910 the following are most likely to appear: 911 912 -Wabsolute-value 913 914 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 915 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 916 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 917 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 918 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 919 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 920 cast, or disable the warning. 921 922 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 923 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 924 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 925 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 926 side-effects. 927 928 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 929 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 930 931 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 932 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 933 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 934 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 935 936 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 937 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 938 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 939 unreachable could be optimized away. 940 94120141222: 942 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 943 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 944 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 945 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 946 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 947 the utilities will report errors. 948 94920141121: 950 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 951 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 952 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 953 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 954 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 955 LOCAL_DIRS. 956 95720141109: 958 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 959 has been obsolete for a very long time. 960 96120141104: 962 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 963 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 964 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 965 drivers. 966 967 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 968 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 969 indicate what you need to do. 970 971 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 972 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 973 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 974 975 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 976 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 977 kern.vty=sc 978 97920141102: 980 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 981 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 982 execute it. 983 98420141009: 985 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 986 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 987 devel/gperf port. 988 98920140923: 990 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 991 contrib/pjdfstest . 992 99320140922: 994 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 995 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 996 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 997 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 998 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 999 their next update cycle. 1000 100120140729: 1002 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 1003 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 1004 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 1005 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 1006 1.12.4_8 or newer. 1007 100820140723: 1009 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 1010 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 1011 101220140719: 1013 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 1014 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 1015 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 1016 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 1017 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 1018 new configuration. 1019 102020140709: 1021 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 1022 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 1023 them again. 1024 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 1025 102620140708: 1027 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 1028 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 1029 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 1030 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 1031 requires readline. 1032 103320140702: 1034 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 1035 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 1036 architecture. 1037 103820140701: 1039 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 1040 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 1041 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 1042 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 1043 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1044 104520140629: 1046 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 1047 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 1048 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 1049 105020140619: 1051 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 1052 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 1053 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 1054 105520140606: 1056 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 1057 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 1058 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 1059 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 1060 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 1061 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 1062 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 1063 "make installworld". 1064 1065 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 1066 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 1067 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 1068 is run. 1069 1070 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 1071 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 1072 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 1073 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 1074 be removed during a clean upgrade. 1075 107620140512: 1077 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 1078 107920140508: 1080 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 1081 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 1082 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 1083 108420140505: 1085 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 1086 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 1087 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 1088 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 1089 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 1090 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 1091 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 1092 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 1093 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 1094 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 1095 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 1096 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 1097 1098 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 1099 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 1100 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 1101 as well. 1102 110320140430: 1104 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 1105 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 1106 110720140424: 1108 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 1109 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 1110 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 1111 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 1112 build hosts for older releases. 1113 1114 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 1115 r276991, respectively. 1116 111720140418: 1118 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 1119 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 1120 will silently lack HESIOD. 1121 112220140405: 1123 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 1124 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 1125 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 1126 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 1127 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 1128 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 1129 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 1130 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 1131 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 1132 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 1133 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 1134 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 1135 113620140306: 1137 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 1138 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 1139 with command line option -W. 1140 114120140226: 1142 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 1143 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 1144 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 1145 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 1146 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 1147 114820140216: 1149 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 1150 115120140216: 1152 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 1153 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 1154 115520140212: 1156 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 1157 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 1158 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 1159 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 1160 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 1161 116220140204: 1163 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 1164 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 1165 kernel is still highly recommended. 1166 116720140131: 1168 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 1169 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 1170 capability mode support in kernel. 1171 117220140128: 1173 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 1174 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 1175 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 1176 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 1177 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 1178 117920140110: 1180 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 1181 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 1182 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 1183 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 1184 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 1185 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 1186 118720131213: 1188 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 1189 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 1190 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 1191 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 1192 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 1193 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 1194 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 1195 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 1196 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 1197 119820131108: 1199 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 1200 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 1201 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 1202 should change your settings to use the latter. 1203 120420131025: 1205 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 1206 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 1207 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 1208 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 1209 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 1210 121120131014: 1212 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 1213 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 1214 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 1215 delete-old-libs": 1216 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 1217 or 1218 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 1219 122020131010: 1221 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 1222 revision r256279. 1223 122420131010: 1225 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8) 1226 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables 1227 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to 1228 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked. 1229 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some 1230 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details. 1231 1232 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration 1233 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate 1234 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without 1235 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the 1236 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by 1237 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables. 1238 1239 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at 1240 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name 1241 with an integer. 1242 124320130930: 1244 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need 1245 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound 1246 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are 1247 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example. 1248 1249 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base 1250 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are 1251 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can 1252 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port. 1253 125420130916: 1255 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now 1256 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 1257 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1258 125920130911: 1260 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default 1261 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with 1262 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support 1263 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf. 1264 126520130906: 1266 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++) 1267 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system 1268 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX 1269 options in src.conf. 1270 127120130905: 1272 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel 1273 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work. 1274 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include 1275 'options PROCDESC'. 1276 127720130905: 1278 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified 1279 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs 1280 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the 1281 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is 1282 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl, 1283 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq. 1284 128520130903: 1286 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module 1287 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build 1288 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64. 1289 129020130821: 1291 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices. 1292 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be 1293 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG". 1294 129520130813: 1296 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 1297 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 1298 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 1299 compatibility. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 1300 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely 1301 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT. 1302 130320130806: 1304 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 1305 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 1306 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 1307 explicitly. 1308 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 1309 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 1310 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 1311 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 1312 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 1313 131420130806: 1315 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 1316 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 1317 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 1318 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 1319 to r253970 or later. 1320 132120130802: 1322 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 1323 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 1324 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 1325 would result: 1326 1327 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 1328 1329 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 1330 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 1331 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 1332 old as well as the new version of find. 1333 133420130726: 1335 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 1336 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 1337 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 1338 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 1339 subdirectories must be reviewed. 1340 134120130716: 1342 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 1343 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 1344 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 1345 1346 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 1347 1348 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 1349 users are advised to upgrade. 1350 135120130709: 1352 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 1353 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 1354 135520130709: 1356 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 1357 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 1358 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 1359 136020130618: 1361 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 1362 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 1363 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 1364 write access to that file. 1365 136620130615: 1367 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 1368 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 1369 137020130613: 1371 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 1372 1373 make: illegal option -- J 1374 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 1375 ... 1376 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 1377 1378 this likely due to an old instance of make in 1379 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 1380 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 1381 you see the above error: 1382 1383 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 1384 1385 should resolve it. 1386 138720130516: 1388 Use bmake by default. 1389 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 1390 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 1391 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 1392 1393 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 1394 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 1395 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 1396 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 1397 behavior in parallel build. 1398 139920130429: 1400 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 1401 140220130426: 1403 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 1404 the IDEA patent expired. 1405 140620130426: 1407 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 1408 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 1409 enabled by default. 1410 141120130425: 1412 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 1413 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 1414 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 1415 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 1416 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 1417 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 1418 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 1419 && make install). 1420 142120130404: 1422 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 1423 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 1424 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 1425 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 1426 and removed. 1427 142820130319: 1429 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 1430 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 1431 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 1432 binaries will not work on older kernels. 1433 143420130308: 1435 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 1436 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 1437 143820130304: 1439 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 1440 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 1441 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 1442 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 1443 is requested. 1444 1445 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 1446 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 1447 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 1448 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 1449 in /boot/loader.conf. 1450 145120130301: 1452 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 1453 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 1454 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 1455 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 1456 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 1457 145820130208: 1459 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 1460 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 1461 1462 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 1463 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 1464 146520130129: 1466 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 1467 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 1468 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 1469 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 1470 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 1471 147220130121: 1473 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 1474 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 1475 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 1476 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 1477 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 1478 /etc/src.conf. 1479 148020130118: 1481 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 1482 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 1483 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 1484 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 1485 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 1486 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 1487 use is expected to be extremely rare. 1488 148920121223: 1490 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 1491 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 1492 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 1493 149420121222: 1495 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 1496 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 1497 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 1498 be updated. 1499 150020121217: 1501 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 1502 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 1503 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 1504 1505 savecore_flags="" 1506 150720121201: 1508 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 1509 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 1510 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1511 151220121117: 1513 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 1514 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 1515 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 1516 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 1517 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 1518 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 1519 152020121105: 1521 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 1522 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 1523 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 1524 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 1525 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 1526 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 1527 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 1528 branch point). 1529 153020121102: 1531 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 1532 functionality now turned on by default. 1533 153420121023: 1535 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 1536 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 1537 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 1538 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 1539 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 1540 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 1541 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 1542 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 1543 of the two kernel options. 1544 154520121023: 1546 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 1547 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 1548 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 1549 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 1550 155120121022: 1552 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 1553 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 1554 recompiled. 1555 155620121018: 1557 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 1558 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 1559 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 1560 156120121016: 1562 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 1563 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 1564 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 1565 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 1566 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 1567 156820121015: 1569 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 1570 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 1571 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 1572 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 1573 157420121014: 1575 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 1576 157720121013: 1578 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 1579 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 1580 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 1581 knob has also gone. 1582 158320121006: 1584 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 1585 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 1586 with new kernel. 1587 158820121001: 1589 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 1590 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 1591 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 1592 159320120913: 1594 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 1595 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 1596 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if 1597 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 1598 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel 1599 configurations. 1600 160120120908: 1602 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 1603 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 1604 160520120828: 1606 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 1607 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 1608 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 1609 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 1610 manual page. 1611 161220120727: 1613 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 1614 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 1615 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 1616 161720120712: 1618 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 1619 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 1620 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 1621 162220120712: 1623 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 1624 with other variables: 1625 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 1626 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 1627 162820120628: 1629 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 1630 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 1631 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 1632 installed as "bsdsort". 1633 163420120611: 1635 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 1636 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 1637 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 1638 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 1639 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 1640 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 1641 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 1642 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 1643 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 1644 164520120417: 1646 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 1647 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 1648 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 1649 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 1650 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 1651 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 1652 NAMESPACE section). 1653 165420120328: 1655 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 1656 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 1657 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 1658 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 1659 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 1660 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 1661 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 1662 166320120306: 1664 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 1665 platforms. 1666 166720120229: 1668 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 1669 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 1670 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 1671 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 1672 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 1673 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 1674 167520120211: 1676 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 1677 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 1678 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 1679 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 1680 comes from 20111215. 1681 168220120114: 1683 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 1684 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 1685 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 1686 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 1687 1688 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 1689 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 1690 169120120109: 1692 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 1693 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 1694 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 1695 tunable/sysctl. 1696 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 1697 169820111215: 1699 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 1700 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 1701 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 1702 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 1703 not supported anymore. 1704 1705 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 1706 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 1707 need to be recompiled. 1708 170920111122: 1710 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 1711 /dev/wmistat0. 1712 171320111108: 1714 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 1715 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 1716 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 1717 time. 1718 171920111101: 1720 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 1721 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 1722 172320110930: 1724 sysinstall has been removed 1725 172620110923: 1727 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 1728 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 1729 1730COMMON ITEMS: 1731 1732 General Notes 1733 ------------- 1734 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 1735 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 1736 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 1737 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 1738 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 1739 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 1740 several months have passed on the -current branch). 1741 1742 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1743 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1744 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1745 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1746 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1747 1748 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1749 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1750 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1751 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1752 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1753 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgade from 1754 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1755 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1756 an exception. 1757 1758 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1759 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1760 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1761 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1762 1763 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1764 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1765 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1766 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1767 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1768 should write them with this in mind. 1769 1770 ZFS notes 1771 --------- 1772 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 1773 these two steps: 1774 1775 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1776 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1777 1778 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 1779 1780 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 1781 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1782 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 1783 1784 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1785 1786 To build a kernel 1787 ----------------- 1788 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1789 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1790 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1791 1792 make kernel-toolchain 1793 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1794 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1795 1796 To test a kernel once 1797 --------------------- 1798 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1799 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1800 debugging information) run 1801 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1802 nextboot -k testkernel 1803 1804 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1805 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1806 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1807 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1808 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1809 1810 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1811 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1812 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1813 make depend 1814 make 1815 make install 1816 1817 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1818 1819 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1820 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1821 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1822 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1823 1824 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1825 make buildworld 1826 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1827 [1] 1828 <reboot in single user> [3] 1829 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1830 make installworld 1831 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1832 make delete-old [6] 1833 <reboot> 1834 1835 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1836 -------------------------------------------------- 1837 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1838 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1839 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1840 # size. 1841 1842 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1843 <boot into -stable> 1844 make buildworld 1845 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1846 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1847 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1848 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1849 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1850 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1851 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1852 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1853 <reboot into current> 1854 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1855 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1856 <reboot> 1857 1858 1859 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1860 ---------------------------------------------- 1861 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1862 make buildworld [9] 1863 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1864 [1] 1865 <reboot in single user> [3] 1866 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1867 make installworld 1868 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1869 make delete-old [6] 1870 <reboot> 1871 1872 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1873 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1874 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1875 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1876 the UPDATING entries. 1877 1878 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1879 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1880 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1881 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1882 much fewer pitfalls. 1883 1884 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1885 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1886 system on reboot. 1887 1888 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1889 fsck -p 1890 mount -u / 1891 mount -a 1892 cd src 1893 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1894 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1895 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1896 1897 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1898 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1899 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1900 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1901 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1902 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1903 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1904 1905 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1906 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1907 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1908 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1909 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1910 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1911 1912 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1913 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1914 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1915 1916 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1917 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1918 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1919 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1920 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1921 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1922 1923 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1924 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1925 1926 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1927 cvs prune empty directories. 1928 1929 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1930 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1931 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1932 1933 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1934 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1935 warn if it is improperly defined. 1936FORMAT: 1937 1938This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1939breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1940list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 1941If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1942to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1943 1944Copyright information: 1945 1946Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1947 1948Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1949modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1950document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1951 1952THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1953IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1954WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1955DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1956INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1957(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1958SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1959HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1960STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1961IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1962POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1963 1964Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1965this document. 1966 1967$FreeBSD$ 1968