1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 15.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 15.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020250903: 31 The BLOAT_KERNEL_WITH_EXTERR kernel config option has been renamed to 32 EXTERR_STRINGS. 33 3420250827: 35 The names of pkg repositories defined in /etc/pkg/FreeBSD.conf have 36 changed: "FreeBSD" is now "FreeBSD-ports", and "FreeBSD-kmods" is now 37 "FreeBSD-ports-kmods". Users with /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos files 38 which override these will need to adjust their configuration to match 39 the new names. 40 4120250823: 42 The set of pkgbase packages for Kerberos and OpenSSL has changed. 43 After updating past 250e77d4f0a5, you should check 'pkg orphans' 44 and remove any orphaned packages, then examine the output of 45 'pkg install -r base -g FreeBSD-openssl\* FreeBSD-kerberos\*' 46 and install any new packages you need. 47 4820250823: 49 To restore bridge(4)'s ABI compatibility with ifconfig from 14.x or 50 earlier, the size of struct ifbreq has changed, so you must update 51 the kernel and /sbin/ifconfig at the same time or you will not be 52 able to add interfaces to bridge. This is particularly important 53 if you require bridge for network access during boot, in which case 54 you should install the new kernel and the new /sbin/ifconfig prior 55 to rebooting. 56 5720250820: 58 The WITHOUT_GSSAPI src.conf knob has been removed. This was already 59 a no-op for MIT Kerberos, so this only affects builds which set 60 WITHOUT_MITKRB5=1, in which case you now always get libgssapi. 61 62 Also, Heimdal's compile_et and libcom_err are now controlled by 63 WITHOUT_KERBEROS, not WITHOUT_KERBEROS_SUPPORT. This matches 64 the behaviour of the MIT Kerberos versions. 65 6620250820: 67 Commits 08c7dd2fbe4f and a4197ea47777 have changed the ABI between 68 libvmmapi and the vmm device. If using a custom kernel configuration, 69 please ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD14 option is included so older 70 versions of libvmmapi continue working as expected. 71 7220250819: 73 The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-on to default-off. 74 This reverts the 20250808 change below, which had reverted the 20240729 75 change before it. Note that some src.conf(5) options are known to break 76 ABI or compatibility in ways that may require a clean build initially 77 when switched. 78 7920250816: 80 Sendmail's libmilter has been moved to its own package. If you want 81 to compile applications that use libmilter, you should install the 82 FreeBSD-libmilter* packages. 83 84 If you only have FreeBSD-sendmail installed for applications that 85 require libmilter, you can now remove it. 86 8720250815: 88 The [gs]etgroups(2)syscalls have changed. To maintain backwards 89 compatibility with existing programs, you need COMPAT_FREEBSD14 in 90 your kernel config until all applications which use this are 91 rebuild/reinstalled. 92 9320250815: 94 jemalloc 5.3.0 has been committed to the tree. 95 9620250815: 97 The removal of Secure RPC DES authentication noted in 20250810 98 has been reverted. (However, it is still non-functional.) 99 10020250813: 101 Commit cce64f2e6851 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 102 modules. As such, all of them need to be rebuilt from sources. 103 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1500060 already today, 104 so I will not bump it again for this. 105 10620250813: 107 The gpiobus_attach_bus() function has been removed. Drivers should now 108 use the gpiobus_add_bus() function instead. The difference being that 109 gpiobus_add_bus() doesn't call bus_attach_children(), calling it will 110 be the responsibility of the caller now. 111 11220250810: 113 Support for Secure RPC DES authentication has been removed. 114 The keyserv(8) daemon was already removed, but support for it in libc 115 has also been removed, so if you somehow still had keyserv installed, 116 it will now stop working. There is no workaround for this. Removing 117 DES is considered a feature. 118 11920250808: 120 The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-off to 121 default-on. This reverts the 20240729 change below. 122 12320250807: 124 routed(8) and route6d(8) have moved to the FreeBSD-rip package. 125 If you use either of these, you should install the new package. 126 12720250806: 128 if_epair(4) now uses ether_gen_addr(9) to generate a stable MAC 129 address. 130 To keep using the random address, set the loader tunable 131 net.link.epair.ether_gen_addr=0. 132 13320250804: 134 bsdconfig (including sysrc(8)) has moved to the new bsdconfig 135 package. If you use pkgbase and wish to use bsdconfig, you should 136 install FreeBSD-bsdconfig. 137 13820250730: 139 The usbhid(4) USB HID driver is now enabled by default, and will be 140 used in preference to other USB HID drivers like ukbd(4), ums(4), and 141 uhid(4). Work on a FIDO/U2F driver and moused(8) is in progress. 142 The default is being switched now so that we can find and fix any 143 additional issues prior to FreeBSD 15.0. 144 145 To revert to the previous USB HID driver behavior, set the loader 146 tunable hw.usb.usbhid.enable=0. 147 14820250727: 149 bmake (i.e., /usr/bin/make and /usr/share/mk) has moved to a new 150 package, FreeBSD-bmake. If you use pkgbase and you need make, you 151 should install this package. 152 15320250726: 154 amd64 kernel configurations must contain "options SMP". 155 15620250725: 157 gssd(8) has been moved to a new package, FreeBSD-gssd. If you use 158 pkgbase and you need gssd, you should install this package. 159 16020250724: 161 The Kerberos packages which are built when WITH_MITKRB5 is enabled 162 have been renamed from FreeBSD-krb5* to FreeBSD-kerberos*. This 163 affects pkgbase users who manually enabled WITH_MITKRB5, *or* use 164 the default value of WITH_MITKRB5 and updated past c7da9fb90b0b 165 (20250721) which made WITH_MITKRB5 the default. 166 167 In either case, if you have FreeBSD-krb5* packages installed, you 168 should remove them and (re)install the equivalent FreeBSD-kerberos* 169 packages instead. 170 17120250721: 172 WITH_MITKRB5 is now enabled by default. MIT KRB5 has replaced 173 Heimdal in base. Ports that use USES=gssapi must be rebuilt. 174 A clean buildworld is required. 175 17620250719: 177 Commits 392a82b225 and c00baac0ab both changed the 178 internal API between the NFS modules. As such, all 179 these modules need to be rebuilt from sources. 180 __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1500053 for this. 181 18220250710: 183 The shar(1) utility has been removed from base. The 184 sysutils/freebsd-shar port was created to maintain this version of 185 shar(1) past its removal from base. 186 18720250704: 188 LinuxKPI device.h and acpi changes effecting drivers and drm-kmod. 189 Bump __FreeBSD_version 1500050 to be able to detect these changes. 190 19120250630: 192 Commits 171f66b0c2ca and 8e2a90ac8089 changed the internal 193 api between nfscommon.ko and the other nfs modules. 194 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500049 for this. 195 All NFS related modules must be rebuilt from up-to-date 196 sources. 197 19820250625: 199 "make delete-old" will now remove the Forth bootloader entirely 200 if the system is built with WITHOUT_FORTH. 201 20220250614: 203 MIT KRB5 (MIT Kerberos5) has been imported into 15-CURRENT. To 204 and install MIT KRB5, add WITH_MITKRB5=yes to /etc/src.conf. This 205 will build and install MIT KRB5 1.21.3. And it will remove Heimdal 206 1.5.2 when delete-old and delete-old-libs are run. To revert back 207 simply buildworld/installworld again with delete-old-libs and 208 delete-old. 209 210 At the moment we only know of a couple of ports that might be 211 affected. Adjusting libmap.conf does not circumvent runtime issues. 212 The few affected ports must be rebuilt. A successful exp-run will be 213 run before MIT KRB5 becomes default. 214 215 Those using the KDC in FreeBSD base may wish to wait. The Heimdal 216 HDB is incompatible with the MIT KRB5 KDC. The migration procedure 217 is a little involved. 218 21920250603: 220 LinuxKPI dma-mapping.h were pulled into the tree from drm-kmod. 221 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1500045 to be able to detect this change. 222 22320250527: 224 pf changed extension header handling. It now treats AH headers on IPv4 just 225 like AH headers on IPv6 and skips over them, allowing filtering on the inner 226 protocol. 227 22820250527: 229 pf now blocks IPv6 packets with a hop-by-hop or destination options header by 230 default. Such packets can be passed by adding "allow-opts" to the rule. IPv6 231 options are now handled just like their IPv4 counterparts. 232 23320250527: 234 The CAM target layer userland, i.e. ctld(8), ctladm(8) and ctlstat(8), 235 has moved to the new FreeBSD-ctl package. If you use pkgbase and you 236 need the CAM Target Layer, you should install the new package. 237 238 Development-related tools (e.g. ar and nm) have moved to the new 239 "FreeBSD-toolchain" package, which subsumes and obsoletes the 240 existing "FreeBSD-elftoolchain" package. If you use pkgbase and 241 need to compile software, you should install the new package and 242 ensure the old FreeBSD-elftoolchain* packages are completely removed. 243 24420250521: 245 Commit e64fe5ad3a23 removed in6_maxmtu and its setter in6_setmaxmtu(). 246 in6_maxmtu is used to store the max IPv6 MTU of all interfaces, 247 however it does not have any in-tree consumers since the introduction 248 from the KAME project. The removal should have little impact, and the 249 max IPv6 MTU can be easily retrieved by iterating over all the attached 250 interface if 3rd party modules need it. 251 25220250515: 253 Commit 772258c89f28 changed the internal API between the nfscommon 254 and nfscl modules. Both need to be built from updated sources. 255 25620250513: 257 The bridge(4) sysctl net.link.bridge.member_ifaddrs now defaults to 0, 258 meaning that interfaces added to a bridge may not have IP addresses 259 assigned. Refer to bridge(4) for more information. 260 26120250507: 262 UMASS quirks and auto-quirk probing has been overhauled. CAM now won't 263 send SYNCHRONIZE CACHE unless MODE PAGE 8 is present and valid. This 264 should allow more devices to work (since the auto quirk code was updated 265 in 14 and broke several e-readers and the like). Please send imp@freebsd.org 266 any regression reports. 267 26820250504: 269 Commit 9419e086e1a3 changed the internal API between the nfscommon 270 and nfscl modules. Both need to be built from updated sources. 271 27220250412: 273 LinuxKPI alloc routines were changed to return physically contiguous 274 memory where expected. These changes may require out-of-tree drivers 275 to be recompiled. 276 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500037 to be able to detect this change. 277 27820250409: 279 Intel iwlwifi firmware has been removed from the src repository. 280 Before updating their system, users of iwlwifi(4) or iwx(4) must 281 install the appropriate firmware for their chipset using fwget(8) or 282 building it from ports. 283 28420250314: 285 We now use LLVM's binary utilities (nm, objcopy, etc.) by default. 286 The WITHOUT_LLVM_BINUTILS src.conf(5) knob can be used to revert to 287 ELF Tool Chain tools if desired. 288 28920250303: 290 Commit 4a77657cbc01 changed the ABI between ipfw(8) and ipfw(4). 291 Please note that the old ipfw(8) binary will not work with the new 292 ipfw(4) module. Therefore, it is recommended to disable ipfw during 293 the upgrade, otherwise the host system may become inaccessible because 294 ipfw rules cannot be installed with the old binary. 295 29620250214: 297 Commit 4517fbfd4251 modified the internal API between the 298 nfscommon and nfscl modules. As such, both of these modules 299 need to be rebuilt from sources. 300 30120250201: 302 The NFS related daemons, that provide RPC services to the kernel: 303 gssd(8), rpcbind(8), rpc.tlsservd(8) and rpc.tlsclntd(8), now use a 304 different transport - netlink(4) socket instead of unix(4). Users of 305 NFS need to upgrade both kernel and world (binaries and libc) at once. 306 Also, any revision between 88cd1e17a7d8 and 99e5a70046da should be 307 avoided. 308 30920250129: 310 Defer the January 19, 2038 date limit in UFS1 filesystems to 311 February 7, 2106. This affects only UFS1 format filesystems. 312 See commit message 1111a44301da for details. 313 31420250127: 315 The Allwinner a10_timer driver has been renamed to aw_driver. If you 316 have a custom kernel configuration including the line 'device 317 a10_timer', it must be adjusted to 'device aw_timer'. The same applies 318 for device exclusions with 'nodevice'. 319 32020250106: 321 A new SOC_ROCKCHIP options appeared, so if you have a custom kernel configuration 322 targetting Rockchip SoC you need to add it so shared and mandatory drivers for 323 this SoC familly will be selected. 324 Also a new rk8xx device was added, this select the base driver for Rockchip PMIC. 325 32620241223: 327 The layout of NFS file handles for the tarfs, tmpfs, cd9660, and ext2fs 328 file systems has changed. An NFS server that exports any of these file 329 systems will need its clients to unmount and remount the exports. 330 33120241216: 332 The iwm(4) firmwares are no longer compiled as kernel modules but instead 333 shipped as raw files. For pkgbase users if you use iwm(4) you will need 334 to install the FreeBSD-firmware-iwm package. 335 33620241124: 337 The OpenBSD derived bc and dc implementations and the WITHOUT_GH_BC 338 option that allowed building them instead of the advanced version 339 imported more than 4 years ago have been removed. 340 34120241107: 342 The ng_ubt(4) driver now requires firmwares to be loaded on Realtek 343 adaptors with rtlbtfw(8) utility. It no longer attaches to devices 344 standing in bootloader mode. Firmware files are available in the 345 comms/rtlbt-firmware port. 346 34720241025: 348 The support for the rc_fast_and_loose variable has been removed from 349 rc.subr(8). Users setting rc_fast_and_loose on their systems are 350 advised to make sure their customizations to rc service scripts 351 do not depend on having a single shell environment shared across 352 all the rc service scripts during booting and shutdown. 353 35420241013: 355 The ciss driver was updated to cope better with hotplug events that 356 caused it to panic before, and to support more than 48 drives attached 357 to the card. These changes were made w/o benefit of hardware for testing 358 and ciss(4) users should be on the lookout for regressions. 359 36020240729: 361 The build now defaults to WITHOUT_CLEAN - i.e., no automatic clean 362 is performed at the beginning of buildworld or buildkernel. The 363 WITH_CLEAN src.conf(5) knob can be used to restore the previous 364 behaviour. 365 366 If you encounter incremental build issues, please report them to the 367 freebsd-current mailing list so that a special-case dependency can be 368 added, if necessary. 369 37020240715: 371 We now lean more heavily on ACPI enumeration for some traditional 372 devices. uart has moved from isa to acpi so the hints act as wiring 373 instead of device enumeration. Hints for parallel port, floppy, etc 374 have been removed. Before upgrading, grep your dmesg for lines like: 375 uart1: non-PNP ISA device will be removed from GENERIC in FreeBSD 15. 376 to see if you need to start including hints for the device on isa 377 in your loader.conf or device.hints file. APU1 (but not APU2) boards 378 are known to be affected, but there may be others. 379 38020240712: 381 Support for armv6 has been disconnected and is being removed. 382 38320240617: 384 ifconfig now treats IPv4 addresses without a width or mask as an error. 385 Specify the desired mask or width along with the IP address on the 386 ifconfig command line and in rc.conf. 387 38820240428: 389 OpenBSM auditing runtime (auditd, etc.) has been moved into the new 390 package FreeBSD-audit. If you use OpenBSM auditing and pkgbase, you 391 should install FreeBSD-audit. 392 39320240424: 394 cron, lpr, and ntpd have been moved from FreeBSD-utilities into their 395 own packages. If you use pkgbase, you should install the relevant 396 packages: FreeBSD-cron, FreeBSD-lp, or FreeBSD-ntp. 397 39820240406: 399 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 400 been upgraded to 18.1.6. It is important that you run `make delete-old` 401 as described in the COMMON ITEMS section, otherwise several libc++ 402 headers that are obsolete and need to be removed can cause compilation 403 errors in C++ programs. 404 40520240205: 406 For dynamically linked programs, system calls are now made from 407 libsys rather than libc. No change in linkage is required as 408 libsys is an auxiliary filter for libc. People building custom 409 images must ensure that libsys.so.7 is included. 410 41120240202: 412 Loader now also read configuration files listed in local_loader_conf_files. 413 Files listed here are the last ones read. And /boot/loader.conf.local was 414 moved from loader_conf_files to local_loader_conf_files leaving only 415 loader.conf and device.hints in loader_conf_files by default. 416 417 The following sequencing is applied: 418 419 1. Bootstrap: 420 /boot/defaults/loader.conf 421 422 2. Read loader_conf_files files: 423 /boot/device.hints 424 /boot/loader.conf 425 426 3. Read loader_conf_dirs files: 427 /boot/loader.conf.d/*.conf 428 429 4. And finally, rread local_loader_conf_files files: 430 /boot/loader.conf.local 431 43220240201: 433 sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged. This version enforces 434 stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line 435 endings. This may cause issues with receiving messages from 436 non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in 437 contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations. 438 43920240111: 440 Commit cc760de2183f changed the internal interface between 441 the nfscommon and nfscl modules. As such, both need to be 442 rebuilt from sources. Therefore, __FreeBSD_version was 443 bumped to 1500010. 444 44520231120: 446 If you have an arm64 system that uses ACPI, you will need to update your 447 loader.efi in the ESP when you update past this point. Detection of ACPI 448 was moved earlier in the binary so the scripts could use it, but old 449 binaries don't have this, so we default to 'no ACPI' in this case. You can 450 undisable ACPI by doing 451 OK unset hint.acpi.0.disabled 452 This can also be used to recover any other system that was updated in the 453 small window where amd64 was also broken. 454 45520231113: 456 The WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD option has been removed. When LLD is enabled 457 it is always installed as /usr/bin/ld. 458 45920231027: 460 Forward compatibility (running the new code on old kernels) for the 461 "ino64" project have been removed. The need for it has passed long ago. 462 46320231018: 464 Commit 57ce37f9dcd0 changed the internal KAPI between the 465 nfscommon and nfscl modules. Both must be rebuilt from sources. 466 46720231010: 468 dialog(1) has been replaced in base by bsddialog(1), while most of the 469 time replacing a dialog(1) call by a bsddialog(1) call works out of the 470 box, bsddialog(1) is not considered as a drop-in replacement for 471 dialog(1). 472 473 If you do depend on dialog(1) functionality, please install cdialog 474 from ports: 475 476 pkg install cdialog 477 47820230927: 479 The EARLY_AP_STARTUP kernel option is mandatory on x86. The option 480 has been added to DEFAULTS, so it should automatically be included in 481 custom kernel configurations without any additional change. 482 48320230922: 484 A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default 485 behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required 486 recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP. 487 48820230914: 489 Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by 490 default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf. 491 49220230911: 493 Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang 494 internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems 495 installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow 496 for these file moves: 497 498 pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities 499 pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev 500 pkg upgrade -y 501 50220230909: 503 Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which 504 belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module 505 loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are 506 corresponding kernel environment variables. 507 50820230901: 509 The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have 510 been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively. 511 51220230824: 513 FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT. 514 51520230817: 516 Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has 517 been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry 518 practice and typcial firmware serial console redirection 519 configuration. 520 521 Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not 522 support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may 523 set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot 524 components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start 525 with the serial port at 115200. 526 52720230807: 528 Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus- 529 frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is 530 integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's 531 no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or 532 "device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration. 533 53420230803: 535 MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config. 536 Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt. 537 53820230724: 539 CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g 540 to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional 541 BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems 542 for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of 543 the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces. 544 54520230713: 546 stable/14 branch created. 547 54820230629: 549 The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires 550 atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional 551 change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please 552 file a PR and assign it to imp. 553 55420230623: 555 OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout 556 the base system. It is important to rebuild third-party software 557 after upgrading. 558 55920230619: 560 To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf 561 filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered 562 locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets 563 delivered to lo0. To enable this feature: 564 565 sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1 566 service pf restart 567 568 When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not 569 filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule. 570 57120230613: 572 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now 573 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+ 574 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single 575 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't 576 already properly quoted or escaped. 577 57820230612: 579 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda. 580 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a 581 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1 582 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel 583 config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add 584 kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf. The default has been nda on 585 all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back, 586 please email imp@freebsd.org about why. 587 588 Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you 589 migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd. 590 59120230422: 592 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree 593 using git instead. 594 59520230420: 596 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging 597 eg. 598 make buildworld-jobs 599 runs 600 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1 601 602 where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env. 603 60420230316: 605 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed. 606 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 607 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and 608 "device imx6_ipu" to it. 609 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 610 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it. 611 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't 612 exist anymore. 613 61420230221: 615 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 616 for details. 617 61820230206: 619 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 620 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 621 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 622 62320230204: 624 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 625 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 626 62720230130: 628 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 629 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 630 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 631 63220230126: 633 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 634 system are now built unconditionally. 635 63620230113: 637 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 638 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 639 64020221212: 641 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 642 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 643 644 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 645 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 646 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 647 64820221205: 649 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 650 to reenable sendmail(8): 651 652 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 653 654 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 655 65620221204: 657 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 658 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 659 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 660 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 661 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 662 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 663 664 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 665 66620221122: 667 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 668 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 669 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 670 67120221121: 672 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 673 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 674 67520221026: 676 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 677 for pkgbase users to do: 678 679 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 680 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 681 682 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 683 installed. 684 68520221002: 686 OPIE has been removed from the base system. If needed, it can 687 be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie). 688 Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference 689 pam_opie or pam_opieaccess. 690 69120220610: 692 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 693 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 694 69520211230: 696 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 697 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 698 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 699 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 700 reflect this change. 701 70220211214: 703 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 704 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 705 70620211209: 707 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 708 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 709 the coming days and weeks. 710 711 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 712 or touch 713 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 714 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 715 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 716 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 717 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 718 71920211202: 720 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 721 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 722 statement in unbound.conf: 723 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 724 725 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 726 727 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 728 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 729 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 730 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 731 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 732 such names when roaming to different homenets. 733 73420211110: 735 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 736 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 737 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 738 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 739 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 740 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 741 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 742 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 743 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 744 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 745 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 746 74720211118: 748 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 749 tree shortly. 750 75120211106: 752 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 753 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 754 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 755 may need to be modified. 756 75720211022: 758 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 759 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 760 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 761 76220211020: 763 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 764 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 765 766 # chsh -s csh 767 76820211004: 769 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 770 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 771 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 772 this change. 773 77420210923: 775 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 776 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 777 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 778 list of modules to load on their systems. 779 78020210922: 781 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 782 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 783 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 784 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 785 78620210911: 787 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 788 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 789 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 790 being loaded. 791 79220210817: 793 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 794 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 795 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 796 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 797 application-specific configuration option for applications 798 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 799 80020210811: 801 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 802 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 803 80420210730: 805 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 806 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 807 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 808 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 809 81020210729: 811 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 812 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 813 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 814 81520210716: 816 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 817 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 818 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 819 82020210715: 821 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 822 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 823 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 824 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 825 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 826 to update your sources past the above hash and do 827 % cd usr.bin/awk 828 % make clean all 829 % sudo -E make install 830 to enable building kernels again. 831 83220210708: 833 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 834 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 835 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 836 83720210707: 838 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 839 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 840 84120210624: 842 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 843 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 844 for NFSv4 mounts. 845 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 846 84720210618: 848 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 849 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 850 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 851 additions and others. 852 85320210618: 854 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 855 renamed to "untrusted". 856 85720210611: 858 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 859 please install the svn package or port. 860 86120210611: 862 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 863 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 864 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 865 86620210610: 867 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 868 86920210608: 870 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 871 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 872https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 873 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 874 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 875 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 876 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 877 87820210525: 879 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 880 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 881 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 882 detect this. 883 88420210513: 885 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 886 libraries and utilities are packaged. 887 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 888 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 889 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 890 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 891 on the system. 892 89320210426: 894 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 895 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 896 need to be rebuilt from sources. 897 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 898 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 899 is not recommended. 900 90120210411: 902 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 903 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 904 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 905 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 906 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 907 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 908 90920210330: 910 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 911 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 912 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 913 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 914 91520210225: 916 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 917 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 918 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 919 92020210128: 921 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 922 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 923 update. 924 92520210121: 926 stable/13 branch created. 927 92820210108: 929 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 930 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 931 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 932 since it was bumped so recently. 933 93420210107: 935 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 936 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 937 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 938 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 939 94020210105: 941 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 942 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 943 requires a clean build. 944 94520201223: 946 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 947 instructions can be found at 948 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 949 and other documents in that repo. 950 95120201216: 952 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 953 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 954 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 955 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 956 95720201215: 958 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 959 may be installed from ports or packages. 960 96120201124: 962 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 963 See ping(8) for details. 964 96520201108: 966 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 967 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 968 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 969 97020201030: 971 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 972 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 973 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 974 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 975 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 976 97720201026: 978 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 979 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 980 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 981 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 982 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 983 find. 984 98520200923: 986 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 987 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 988 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 989 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 990 991 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 992 command you want to un-auger the tree is 993 cd sys/amd64/conf 994 svn revert -R . 995 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 996 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 997 99820200824: 999 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 1000 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 1001 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 1002 unless you want to use new features. 1003 1004 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 1005 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 1006 rebuilding world may fail. 1007 1008 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 1009 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 1010 1011 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 1012 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 1013 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 1014 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 1015 101620200824: 1017 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 1018 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 1019 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 1020 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 1021 102220200821: 1023 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 1024 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 1025 sources. 1026 102720200817: 1028 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 1029 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 1030 103120200816: 1032 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1033 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1034 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1035 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1036 103720200810: 1038 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 1039 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 1040 from sources, so a version bump was done. 1041 104220200807: 1043 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 1044 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 1045 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 1046 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 1047 104820200729: 1049 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 1050 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 1051 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 1052 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 1053 continue to function. 1054 1055 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 1056 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 1057 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 1058 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 1059 106020200627: 1061 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 1062 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 1063 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 1064 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 1065 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 1066 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 1067 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 1068 106920200625: 1070 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 1071 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 1072 107320200613: 1074 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 1075 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 1076 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 1077 107820200604: 1079 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 1080 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 1081 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 1082 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 1083 1084 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 1085 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 1086 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 1087 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 1088 /root/.shrc. 1089 109020200523: 1091 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1092 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1093 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1094 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1095 109620200512: 1097 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 1098 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 1099 110020200424: 1101 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 1102 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 1103 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 1104 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 1105 be functional without closefrom(2). 1106 110720200414: 1108 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 1109 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 1110 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 1111 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 1112 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 1113 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 1114 111520200310: 1116 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1117 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1118 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1119 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1120 112120200309: 1122 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 1123 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 1124 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 1125 112620200301: 1127 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 1128 112920200229: 1130 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 1131 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 1132 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 1133 113420200229: 1135 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 1136 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 1137 113820200229: 1139 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 1140 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 1141 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 1142 ports or packages. 1143 114420200220: 1145 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 1146 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 1147 ncurses. 1148 114920200217: 1150 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 1151 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 1152 together with their new kernel. 1153 115420200212: 1155 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 1156 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 1157 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 1158 1159 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 1160 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 1161 116220200108: 1163 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 1164 linker for riscv64. 1165 116620200107: 1167 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 1168 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 1169 external toolchain package. 1170 117120200104: 1172 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 1173 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 1174 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 1175 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 1176 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 1177 117820200102: 1179 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 1180 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 1181 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 1182 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 1183 118420191226: 1185 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 1186 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 1187 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 1188 ABI. 1189 119020191226: 1191 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 1192 119320191222: 1194 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1195 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1196 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1197 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1198 119920191212: 1200 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 1201 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 1202 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 1203 120420191205: 1205 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 1206 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 1207 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 1208 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 1209 differences between those included in the port and those included in 1210 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 1211 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 1212 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 1213 121420191120: 1215 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 1216 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 1217 for automounting. 1218 121920191107: 1220 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 1221 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 1222 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 1223 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 1224 add superio to the set. 1225 122620191021: 1227 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 1228 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 1229 123020191021: 1231 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 1232 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 1233 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 1234 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 1235 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 1236 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 1237 completely in the future. 1238 123920191009: 1240 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 1241 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 1242 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 1243 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 1244 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 1245 will be removed from the list. 1246 124720191009: 1248 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1249 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1250 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1251 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1252 125320191003: 1254 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 1255 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 1256 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 1257 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 1258 125920190913: 1260 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 1261 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 1262 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 1263 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 1264 126520190823: 1266 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 1267 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 1268 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 1269 127020190727: 1271 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 1272 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 1273 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 1274 your scripts, because they had no effect. 1275 1276 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 1277 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 1278 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 1279 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 1280 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 1281 128220190713: 1283 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 1284 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 1285 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 1286 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 1287 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 1288 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 1289 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 1290 129120190620: 1292 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 1293 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 1294 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 1295 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 1296 129720190612: 1298 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1299 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1300 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1301 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1302 130320190608: 1304 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 1305 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 1306 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 1307 130820190513: 1309 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 1310 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 1311 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 1312 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 1313 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 1314 avoid running into the limit. 1315 131620190507: 1317 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 1318 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 1319 132020190507: 1321 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 1322 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 1323 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 1324 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 1325 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 1326 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 1327 132820190418: 1329 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 1330 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 1331 entropy: 1332 1333 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 1334 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 1335 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 1336 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 1337 availability properties. 1338 1339 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 1340 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 1341 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 1342 initial condition, if desired. 1343 1344 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 1345 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 1346 1347 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 1348 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 1349 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 1350 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 1351 135220190416: 1353 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 1354 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 1355 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 1356 therefore unblocked). 1357 135820190404: 1359 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 1360 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 1361 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 1362 is added to the command line. 1363 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 1364 not affected and should continue to work. 1365 136620190320: 1367 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 1368 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 1369 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 1370 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 1371 137220190304: 1373 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1374 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1375 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1376 or higher. 1377 137820190226: 1379 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 1380 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 1381 kernel config. 1382 138320190219: 1384 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 1385 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 1386 migrating to the drm ports. 1387 138820190131: 1389 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 1390 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 1391 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 1392 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 1393 is loaded automatically. 1394 139520190125: 1396 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 1397 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 1398 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 1399 kernel config files. 1400 140120181230: 1402 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 1403 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 1404 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 1405 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 1406 140720181220: 1408 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 1409 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 1410 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 1411 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 1412 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 1413 most NFSv4 mounts. 1414 141520181219: 1416 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 1417 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 1418 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 1419 1420 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 1421 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 1422 1423 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 1424 removed from the mips port. 1425 142620181211: 1427 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1428 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1429 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1430 or higher. 1431 143220181211: 1433 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 1434 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 1435 143620181126: 1437 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 1438 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 1439 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 1440 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 1441 144220181123: 1443 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 1444 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 1445 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 1446 144720181115: 1448 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 1449 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 1450 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 1451 FreeBSD versions. 1452 145320181110: 1454 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 1455 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 1456 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 1457 1458 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 1459 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 1460 being included using the command: 1461 $ newsyslog -Nrv 1462 146320181019: 1464 Stable/12 was branched created. 1465 146620181015: 1467 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 1468 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 1469 drm-legacy-kmod. 1470 1471 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 1472 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 1473 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 1474 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 1475 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 1476 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 1477 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 1478 that as you will get better support. 1479 1480 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 1481 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 1482 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 1483 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 1484 1485 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 1486 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 1487 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 1488 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 1489 shortly. 1490 149120181012: 1492 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 1493 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 1494 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 1495 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 1496 be adjusted as necessary. 1497 149820181009: 1499 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 1500 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 1501 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 1502 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 1503 150420181006: 1505 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 1506 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 1507 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 1508 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 1509 encouraged. 1510 151120181002: 1512 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 1513 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 1514 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 1515 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 1516 nda device name. 1517 151820180913: 1519 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 1520 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 1521 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 1522 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 1523 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 1524 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 1525 152620180826: 1527 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 1528 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 1529 default since FreeBSD-11. 1530 153120180822: 1532 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 1533 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 1534 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 1535 153620180818: 1537 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 1538 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 1539 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 1540 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 1541 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 1542 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 1543 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 1544 1545 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 1546 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 1547 154820180815: 1549 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 1550 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 1551 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 1552 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 1553 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 1554 may not be observed in a future release. 1555 155620180808: 1557 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 1558 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 1559 your environment. 1560 156120180731: 1562 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 1563 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 1564 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 1565 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 1566 156720180730: 1568 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 1569 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 1570 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 1571 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 1572 runtime services. 1573 157420180727: 1575 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 1576 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 1577 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 1578 157920180723: 1580 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 1581 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 1582 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 1583 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 1584 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 1585 158620180720: 1587 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 1588 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 1589 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 1590 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 1591 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 1592 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 1593 159420180719: 1595 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1596 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1597 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1598 boot_serial=YES 1599 boot_multicons=YES 1600 in /boot/loader.conf 1601 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1602 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1603 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1604 160520180719: 1606 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1607 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1608 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1609 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1610 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1611 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1612 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1613 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1614 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1615 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1616 by the ntpd user. 1617 161820180717: 1619 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1620 162120180711: 1622 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1623 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1624 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1625 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1626 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1627 162820180705: 1629 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1630 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1631 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1632 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1633 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1634 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1635 163620180702: 1637 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1638 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1639 164020180701: 1641 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1642 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1643 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1644 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1645 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1646 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1647 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1648 164920180630: 1650 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1651 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1652 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1653 or higher. 1654 165520180628: 1656 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1657 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1658 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1659 file. 1660 166120180612: 1662 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1663 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1664 166520180530: 1666 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1667 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1668 longer necessary. 1669 167020180530: 1671 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1672 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1673 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1674 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1675 167620180523: 1677 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1678 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1679 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1680 later than r334108. 1681 168220180517: 1683 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1684 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1685 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1686 it must be removed. 1687 168820180510: 1689 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1690 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1691 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1692 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1693 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1694 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1695 will go away. 1696 1697 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1698 workaround is necessary. 1699 170020180508: 1701 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1702 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1703 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1704 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1705 170620180504: 1707 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1708 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1709 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1710 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1711 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1712 171320180502: 1714 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1715 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1716 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1717 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1718 171920180501: 1720 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1721 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1722 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1723 be removed. 1724 172520180413: 1726 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1727 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1728 removed. 1729 173020180411: 1731 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1732 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1733 removed. 1734 173520180406: 1736 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1737 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1738 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1739 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1740 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1741 1742 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1743 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1744 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1745 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1746 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1747 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1748 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1749 1750 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1751 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1752 1753 source src { 1754 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1755 } 1756 1757 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1758 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1759 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1760 1761 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1762 1763 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1764 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1765 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1766 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1767 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1768 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1769 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1770 1771 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1772 change. 1773 177420180328: 1775 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1776 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1777 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1778 177920180323: 1780 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1781 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1782 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1783 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1784 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1785 should be as simple as: 1786 1787 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1788 $ make depend all install 1789 179020180212: 1791 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1792 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1793 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1794 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1795 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1796 provisions for backup boot methods. 1797 179820180211: 1799 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1800 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1801 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1802 imp@freebsd.org. 1803 180420180114: 1805 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1806 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1807 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1808 or higher. 1809 181020180110: 1811 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1812 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1813 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1814 1815 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1816 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1817 181820180110: 1819 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1820 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1821 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1822 remove it from kernel config files. 1823 182420180104: 1825 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1826 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1827 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1828 1829 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1830 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1831 183220180102: 1833 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1834 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1835 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1836 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1837 183820171215: 1839 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1840 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1841 184220171214: 1843 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1844 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1845 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1846 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1847 184820171125: 1849 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1850 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1851 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1852 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1853 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1854 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1855 185620171110: 1857 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1858 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1859 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1860 186120171106: 1862 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1863 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1864 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1865 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1866 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1867 186820171102: 1869 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1870 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1871 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1872 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1873 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1874 environment. 1875 187620171101: 1877 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1878 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1879 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1880 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1881 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1882 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1883 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1884 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1885 than hardcoding paths. 1886 188720171028: 1888 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1889 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1890 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1891 189220171021: 1893 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1894 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1895 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1896 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1897 189820171010: 1899 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1900 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1901 190220171005: 1903 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1904 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1905 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1906 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1907 190820171003: 1909 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1910 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1911 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1912 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1913 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1914 191520170912: 1916 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1917 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1918 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1919 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1920 /etc/ctl.conf . 1921 192220170912: 1923 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1924 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1925 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1926 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1927 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1928 192920170826: 1930 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1931 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1932 193320170825: 1934 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1935 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1936 to complete. 1937 193820170814: 1939 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1940 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1941 ${TESTSDIR}. 1942 1943 Behavioral changes: 1944 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1945 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1946 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1947 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1948 1949 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1950 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1951 sandbox if successful. 1952 1953 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1954 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1955 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1956 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1957 an unprivileged user. 1958 195920170808: 1960 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1961 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1962 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1963 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1964 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1965 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1966 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1967 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1968 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1969 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1970 to which you should answer yes. 1971 197220170728: 1973 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1974 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1975 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1976 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1977 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1978 197920170722: 1980 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1981 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1982 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1983 198420170701: 1985 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1986 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1987 198820170625: 1989 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1990 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1991 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1992 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1993 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1994 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1995 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1996 199720170623: 1998 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1999 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 2000 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 2001 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 2002 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 2003 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 2004 200520170620: 2006 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 2007 if you require the GPL compiler. 2008 200920170619: 2010 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 2011 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 2012 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 2013 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 2014 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 2015 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 2016 201720170618: 2018 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 2019 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 2020 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 2021 202220170617: 2023 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 2024 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 2025 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 2026 followed. 2027 202820170531: 2029 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 2030 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 2031 from ports (and recommends to install it). 2032 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 2033 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 2034 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 2035 203620170524: 2037 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 2038 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 2039 which only require one chipset support. 2040 2041 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 2042 2043 if_ath_load="YES" 2044 2045 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 2046 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 2047 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 2048 2049 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 2050 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 2051 2052 * load ath_hal 2053 * load the chip modules in question 2054 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 2055 * load ath_main 2056 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 2057 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 2058 2059 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 2060 206120170523: 2062 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 2063 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 2064 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 2065 2066 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 2067 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 2068 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 2069 2070 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 2071 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 2072 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 2073 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 2074 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 2075 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 2076 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 2077 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 2078 207920170424: 2080 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 2081 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 2082 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 2083 208420170420: 2085 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 2086 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 2087 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 2088 208920170413: 2090 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 2091 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 2092 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 2093 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 2094 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 2095 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 2096 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 2097 209820170407: 2099 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 2100 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 2101 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 2102 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 2103 210420170405: 2105 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 2106 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 2107 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 2108 210920170331: 2110 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 2111 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 2112 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 2113 211420170329: 2115 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 2116 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 2117 2118 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 2119 via one of the following methods: 2120 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 2121 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 2122 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 2123 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 2124 2125 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 2126 212720170316: 2128 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 2129 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 2130 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 2131 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 2132 with mmc.ko). 2133 213420170315: 2135 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 2136 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 2137 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 2138 be prefixed with colon. 2139 214020170311: 2141 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 2142 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 2143 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 2144 214520170302: 2146 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 2147 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2148 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2149 215020170221: 2151 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 2152 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 2153 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 2154 change. 2155 215620170216: 2157 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 2158 valid. 2159 216020170215: 2161 MCA bus support has been removed. 2162 216320170127: 2164 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 2165 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 2166 216720170112: 2168 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 2169 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 2170 217120170109: 2172 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 2173 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 2174 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 2175 configuration. 2176 217720161217: 2178 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 2179 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2180 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2181 218220161124: 2183 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 2184 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2185 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2186 218720161119: 2188 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 2189 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 2190 that link against it need to be recompiled. 2191 219220161030: 2193 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 2194 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 2195 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 2196 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 2197 219820161017: 2199 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 2200 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 2201 parts. 2202 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 2203 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 2204 220520161015: 2206 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 2207 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 2208 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 2209 removed from base. 2210 221120161008: 2212 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 2213 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 2214 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 2215 221620161003: 2217 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 2218 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 2219 222020160924: 2221 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 2222 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 2223 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 2224 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 2225 222620160918: 2227 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 2228 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 2229 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 2230 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 2231 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 2232 223320160918: 2234 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 2235 223620160908: 2237 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 2238 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 2239 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 2240 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 2241 224220160824: 2243 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 2244 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 2245 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 2246 to 1200005. 2247 224820160818: 2249 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 2250 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 2251 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 2252 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 2253 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 2254 0. 2255 225620160818: 2257 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 2258 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 2259 226020160708: 2261 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 2262 2263After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 2264from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 2265entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 2266UPDATING file. 2267 2268COMMON ITEMS: 2269 2270 General Notes 2271 ------------- 2272 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 2273 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 2274 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 2275 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 2276 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 2277 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 2278 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 2279 report a bug if it happens consistently. 2280 2281 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 2282 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 2283 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 2284 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 2285 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 2286 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 2287 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 2288 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 2289 an exception. 2290 2291 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 2292 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 2293 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 2294 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 2295 step. 2296 2297 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 2298 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 2299 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 2300 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 2301 2302 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 2303 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 2304 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 2305 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 2306 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 2307 should write them with this in mind. 2308 2309 ZFS notes 2310 --------- 2311 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 2312 always follow these three steps: 2313 2314 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 2315 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 2316 2317 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 2318 doing a zpool upgrade): 2319 2320 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 2321 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 2322 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 2323 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 2324 2325 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 2326 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 2327 zpool upgrade. 2328 2329 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 2330 2331 EFI notes 2332 --------- 2333 2334 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 2335 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 2336 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 2337 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 2338 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 2339 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 2340 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 2341 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 2342 2343 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 2344 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 2345 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 2346 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 2347 2348 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 2349 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 2350 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 2351 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 2352 2353 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 2354 2355 To build a kernel 2356 ----------------- 2357 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 2358 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 2359 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 2360 2361 make kernel-toolchain 2362 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2363 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2364 2365 If you are running kernel modules from ports, see FOOTNOTE [1]. 2366 2367 To test a kernel once 2368 --------------------- 2369 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 2370 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 2371 debugging information) run 2372 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 2373 nextboot -k testkernel 2374 2375 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 2376 ----------------------------------------------------------- 2377 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 2378 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 2379 2380 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> [2] 2381 make buildworld 2382 <make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set> [1] 2383 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2384 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2385 <reboot in single user> [3] 2386 etcupdate -p [5] 2387 make installworld 2388 etcupdate -B [4] 2389 make delete-old [6] 2390 <reboot> 2391 2392 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 2393 -------------------------------------------------- 2394 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 2395 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 2396 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 2397 # size. 2398 2399 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2400 <boot into -stable> 2401 make buildworld 2402 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [1] 2403 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 2404 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 2405 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 2406 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 2407 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 2408 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 2409 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 2410 <reboot into current> 2411 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 2412 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 2413 <reboot> 2414 2415 2416 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 2417 ---------------------------------------------- 2418 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> [2] 2419 make buildworld [9] 2420 <make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set> [1] 2421 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 2422 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2423 <reboot in single user> [3] 2424 etcupdate -p [5] 2425 make installworld 2426 etcupdate -B [4] 2427 make delete-old [6] 2428 <reboot> 2429 2430 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 2431 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 2432 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 2433 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 2434 the UPDATING entries. 2435 2436 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 2437 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 2438 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 2439 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 2440 much fewer pitfalls. 2441 2442FOOTNOTES: 2443 2444 [1] If you have third party modules, such as drm-kmod or vmware, you 2445 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your system on 2446 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 2447 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 2448 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 2449 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 2450 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 2451 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 2452 and effective, eg: 2453 PORTS_MODULES+=graphics/drm-kmod graphics/nvidia-drm-kmod 2454 2455 [2] To make complete dumps on zfs(4), use bectl(8), which 2456 creates bootable snapshots of configurable depth that are 2457 selectable via the bootloader. For ufs(4), use dump(8) and 2458 restore(8). 2459 2460 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 2461 fsck -p 2462 mount -u / 2463 mount -a 2464 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 2465 cd src # full path to source 2466 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 2467 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 2468 into single user mode to do the installworld. 2469 2470 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 2471 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 2472 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 2473 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 2474 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 2475 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 2476 2477 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 2478 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 2479 step. 2480 2481 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 2482 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 2483 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 2484 2485 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 2486 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 2487 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 2488 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 2489 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 2490 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 2491 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 2492 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 2493 2494 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 2495 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 2496 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 2497 for these as well. 2498 2499 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 2500 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 2501 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 2502 2503 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 2504 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 2505 warn if it is improperly defined. 2506FORMAT: 2507 2508This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 2509breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 2510list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 2511If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 2512to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 2513 2514Copyright information: 2515 2516Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 2517 2518Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 2519modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 2520document are permitted without further permission from the author. 2521 2522THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 2523IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 2524WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 2525DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 2526INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 2527(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 2528SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 2529HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 2530STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 2531IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 2532POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 2533 2534Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 2535this document. 2536