1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 14.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 14.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020210611: 31 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 32 please install the svn package or port. 33 3420210611: 35 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 36 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 37 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 38 3920210610: 40 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 41 4220210608: 43 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 44 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 45https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 46 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 47 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 48 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 49 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 50 5120210525: 52 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 53 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 54 comitted. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to detect this. 55 5620210513: 57 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 58 libraries and utilities are packaged. 59 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 60 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 61 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 62 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 63 on the system. 64 6520210426: 66 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 67 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 68 need to be rebuilt from sources. 69 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 70 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 71 is not recommended. 72 7320210411: 74 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 75 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 76 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 77 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 78 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 79 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 80 8120210330: 82 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 83 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 84 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 85 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 86 8720210225: 88 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 89 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 90 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 91 9220210128: 93 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 94 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_verison 1400003 95 update. 96 9720210108: 98 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 99 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 100 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 101 since it was bumped so recently. 102 10320210107: 104 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 105 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 106 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 107 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 108 10920210105: 110 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 111 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 112 requires a clean build. 113 11420201223: 115 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 116 instructions can be found at 117 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 118 and other documents in that repo. 119 12020201216: 121 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 122 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 123 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 124 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 125 12620201215: 127 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 128 may be installed from ports or packages. 129 13020201124: 131 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 132 See ping(8) for details. 133 13420201108: 135 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 136 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 137 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 138 13920201030: 140 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 141 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 142 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 143 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 144 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 145 14620201026: 147 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 148 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 149 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 150 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 151 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 152 find. 153 15420200923: 155 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 156 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 157 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 158 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 159 160 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 161 command you want to un-auger the tree is 162 cd sys/amd64/conf 163 svn revert -R . 164 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 165 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 166 16720200824: 168 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 169 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 170 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 171 unless you want to use new features. 172 173 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 174 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 175 rebuilding world may fail. 176 177 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 178 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 179 180 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 181 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 182 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 183 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 184 18520200824: 186 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 187 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 188 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 189 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 190 19120200821: 192 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 193 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 194 sources. 195 19620200817: 197 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 198 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 199 20020200816: 201 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 202 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 203 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 204 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 205 20620200810: 207 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 208 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 209 from sources, so a version bump was done. 210 21120200807: 212 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 213 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 214 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 215 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 216 21720200729: 218 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 219 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 220 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 221 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 222 continue to function. 223 224 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 225 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 226 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 227 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 228 22920200627: 230 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 231 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 232 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 233 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 234 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 235 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 236 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 237 23820200625: 239 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 240 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 241 24220200613: 243 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 244 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 245 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 246 24720200604: 248 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 249 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 250 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 251 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 252 253 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 254 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 255 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 256 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 257 /root/.shrc. 258 25920200523: 260 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 261 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 262 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 263 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 264 26520200512: 266 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 267 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 268 26920200424: 270 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 271 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 272 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 273 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 274 be functional without closefrom(2). 275 27620200414: 277 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 278 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 279 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 280 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 281 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 282 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 283 28420200310: 285 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 286 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 287 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 288 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 289 29020200309: 291 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 292 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 293 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 294 29520200301: 296 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 297 29820200229: 299 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 300 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 301 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 302 30320200229: 304 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 305 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 306 30720200229: 308 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 309 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 310 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 311 ports or packages. 312 31320200220: 314 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 315 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 316 ncurses. 317 31820200217: 319 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 320 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 321 together with their new kernel. 322 32320200212: 324 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 325 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 326 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 327 328 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 329 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 330 33120200108: 332 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 333 linker for riscv64. 334 33520200107: 336 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 337 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 338 external toolchain package. 339 34020200104: 341 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 342 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 343 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 344 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 345 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 346 34720200102: 348 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 349 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 350 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 351 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 352 35320191226: 354 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 355 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 356 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 357 ABI. 358 35920191226: 360 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 361 36220191222: 363 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 364 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 365 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 366 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 367 36820191212: 369 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 370 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 371 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 372 37320191205: 374 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 375 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 376 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 377 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 378 differences between those included in the port and those included in 379 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 380 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 381 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 382 38320191120: 384 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 385 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 386 for automounting. 387 38820191107: 389 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 390 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 391 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 392 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 393 add superio to the set. 394 39520191021: 396 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 397 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 398 39920191021: 400 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 401 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 402 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 403 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 404 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 405 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 406 completely in the future. 407 40820191009: 409 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 410 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 411 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 412 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 413 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 414 will be removed from the list. 415 41620191009: 417 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 418 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 419 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 420 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 421 42220191003: 423 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 424 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 425 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 426 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 427 42820190913: 429 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 430 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 431 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 432 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 433 43420190823: 435 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 436 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 437 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 438 43920190727: 440 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 441 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 442 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 443 your scripts, because they had no effect. 444 445 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 446 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 447 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 448 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 449 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 450 45120190713: 452 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 453 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 454 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 455 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 456 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 457 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 458 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 459 46020190620: 461 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 462 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 463 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 464 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 465 46620190612: 467 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 468 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 469 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 470 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 471 47220190608: 473 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 474 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 475 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 476 47720190513: 478 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 479 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 480 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 481 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 482 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 483 avoid running into the limit. 484 48520190507: 486 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 487 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 488 48920190507: 490 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 491 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 492 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 493 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 494 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 495 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 496 49720190418: 498 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 499 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 500 entropy: 501 502 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 503 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 504 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 505 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 506 availability properties. 507 508 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 509 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 510 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 511 initial condition, if desired. 512 513 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 514 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 515 516 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 517 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 518 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 519 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 520 52120190416: 522 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 523 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 524 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 525 therefore unblocked). 526 52720190404: 528 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 529 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 530 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 531 is added to the command line. 532 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 533 not affected and should continue to work. 534 53520190320: 536 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 537 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 538 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 539 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 540 54120190304: 542 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 543 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 544 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 545 or higher. 546 54720190226: 548 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 549 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 550 kernel config. 551 55220190219: 553 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 554 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 555 migrating to the drm ports. 556 55720190131: 558 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 559 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 560 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 561 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 562 is loaded automatically. 563 56420190125: 565 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 566 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 567 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 568 kernel config files. 569 57020181230: 571 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 572 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 573 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 574 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 575 57620181220: 577 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 578 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 579 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 580 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 581 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect 582 most NFSv4 mounts. 583 58420181219: 585 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 586 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 587 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 588 589 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 590 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 591 592 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 593 removed from the mips port. 594 59520181211: 596 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 597 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 598 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 599 or higher. 600 60120181211: 602 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 603 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 604 60520181126: 606 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 607 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 608 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 609 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 610 61120181123: 612 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 613 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 614 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 615 61620181115: 617 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 618 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 619 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 620 FreeBSD versions. 621 62220181110: 623 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 624 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 625 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 626 627 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 628 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 629 being included using the command: 630 $ newsyslog -Nrv 631 63220181015: 633 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 634 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 635 drm-legacy-kmod. 636 637 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 638 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 639 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 640 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 641 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 642 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 643 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 644 that as you will get better support. 645 646 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 647 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 648 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 649 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 650 651 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 652 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 653 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 654 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 655 shortly. 656 65720181012: 658 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 659 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 660 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 661 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 662 be adjusted as necessary. 663 66420181009: 665 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 666 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 667 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 668 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 669 67020181006: 671 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 672 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 673 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 674 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 675 encouraged. 676 67720181002: 678 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 679 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 680 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 681 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 682 nda device name. 683 68420180913: 685 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 686 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 687 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 688 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 689 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 690 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 691 69220180826: 693 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 694 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 695 default since FreeBSD-11. 696 69720180822: 698 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 699 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 700 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 701 70220180818: 703 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 704 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 705 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 706 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 707 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 708 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 709 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 710 711 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 712 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 713 71420180815: 715 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 716 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 717 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 718 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 719 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 720 may not be observed in a future release. 721 72220180808: 723 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 724 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 725 your environment. 726 72720180731: 728 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 729 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 730 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 731 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 732 73320180730: 734 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 735 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 736 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 737 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 738 runtime services. 739 74020180727: 741 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 742 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 743 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 744 74520180723: 746 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 747 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 748 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 749 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 750 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 751 75220180720: 753 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 754 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 755 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 756 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 757 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 758 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 759 76020180719: 761 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 762 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 763 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 764 boot_serial=YES 765 boot_multicons=YES 766 in /boot/loader.conf 767 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 768 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 769 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 770 77120180719: 772 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 773 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 774 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 775 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 776 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 777 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 778 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 779 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 780 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 781 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 782 by the ntpd user. 783 78420180717: 785 Big endian arm support has been removed. 786 78720180711: 788 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 789 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 790 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 791 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 792 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 793 79420180705: 795 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 796 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 797 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 798 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 799 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 800 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 801 80220180702: 803 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 804 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 805 80620180701: 807 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 808 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 809 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 810 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 811 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 812 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 813 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 814 81520180630: 816 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 817 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 818 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 819 or higher. 820 82120180628: 822 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 823 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 824 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 825 file. 826 82720180612: 828 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 829 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 830 83120180530: 832 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 833 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 834 longer necessary. 835 83620180530: 837 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 838 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 839 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 840 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 841 84220180523: 843 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 844 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 845 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 846 later than r334108. 847 84820180517: 849 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 850 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 851 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 852 it must be removed. 853 85420180510: 855 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 856 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 857 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 858 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 859 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 860 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 861 will go away. 862 863 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 864 workaround is necessary. 865 86620180508: 867 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 868 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 869 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 870 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 871 87220180504: 873 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 874 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 875 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 876 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 877 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 878 87920180502: 880 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 881 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 882 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 883 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 884 88520180501: 886 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 887 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 888 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 889 be removed. 890 89120180413: 892 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 893 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 894 removed. 895 89620180411: 897 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 898 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 899 removed. 900 90120180406: 902 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 903 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 904 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 905 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 906 microseconds and time zone offsets. 907 908 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 909 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 910 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 911 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 912 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 913 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 914 adjustments, depending on the software used. 915 916 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 917 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 918 919 source src { 920 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 921 } 922 923 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 924 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 925 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 926 927 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 928 929 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 930 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 931 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 932 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 933 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 934 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 935 thus expected to continue to function as before. 936 937 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 938 change. 939 94020180328: 941 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 942 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 943 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 944 94520180323: 946 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 947 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 948 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 949 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 950 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 951 should be as simple as: 952 953 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 954 $ make depend all install 955 95620180212: 957 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 958 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 959 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 960 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 961 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 962 provisions for backup boot methods. 963 96420180211: 965 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 966 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 967 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 968 imp@freebsd.org. 969 97020180114: 971 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 972 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 973 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 974 or higher. 975 97620180110: 977 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 978 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 979 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 980 981 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 982 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 983 98420180110: 985 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 986 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 987 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 988 remove it from kernel config files. 989 99020180104: 991 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 992 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 993 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 994 995 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 996 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 997 99820180102: 999 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1000 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1001 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1002 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1003 100420171215: 1005 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1006 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1007 100820171214: 1009 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1010 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1011 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1012 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1013 101420171125: 1015 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1016 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1017 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1018 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1019 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1020 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1021 102220171110: 1023 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to 1024 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1025 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1026 102720171106: 1028 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1029 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1030 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1031 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1032 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1033 103420171102: 1035 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1036 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1037 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1038 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1039 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1040 environment. 1041 104220171101: 1043 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1044 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1045 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1046 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1047 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1048 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1049 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1050 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1051 than hardcoding paths. 1052 105320171028: 1054 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1055 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1056 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1057 105820171021: 1059 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1060 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1061 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1062 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1063 106420171010: 1065 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1066 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1067 106820171005: 1069 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1070 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1071 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1072 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1073 107420171003: 1075 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1076 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1077 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1078 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1079 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1080 108120170912: 1082 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1083 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1084 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1085 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1086 /etc/ctl.conf . 1087 108820170912: 1089 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1090 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1091 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1092 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1093 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1094 109520170826: 1096 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1097 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1098 109920170825: 1100 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1101 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1102 to complete. 1103 110420170814: 1105 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1106 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1107 ${TESTSDIR}. 1108 1109 Behavioral changes: 1110 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1111 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1112 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1113 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1114 1115 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1116 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1117 sandbox if successful. 1118 1119 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1120 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1121 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1122 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1123 an unprivileged user. 1124 112520170808: 1126 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1127 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1128 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1129 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1130 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1131 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1132 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1133 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1134 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1135 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1136 to which you should answer yes. 1137 113820170728: 1139 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1140 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1141 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1142 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1143 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1144 114520170722: 1146 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1147 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1148 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1149 115020170701: 1151 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1152 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1153 115420170625: 1155 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1156 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1157 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1158 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1159 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1160 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1161 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1162 116320170623: 1164 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1165 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1166 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1167 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1168 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1169 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1170 117120170620: 1172 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1173 if you require the GPL compiler. 1174 117520170618: 1176 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1177 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1178 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1179 118020170617: 1181 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1182 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1183 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1184 followed. 1185 118620170531: 1187 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1188 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1189 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1190 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1191 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1192 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1193 119420170524: 1195 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1196 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1197 which only require one chipset support. 1198 1199 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1200 1201 if_ath_load="YES" 1202 1203 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1204 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1205 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1206 1207 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS 1208 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1209 1210 * load ath_hal 1211 * load the chip modules in question 1212 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1213 * load ath_main 1214 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1215 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1216 1217 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1218 121920170523: 1220 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1221 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1222 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1223 1224 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1225 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1226 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1227 1228 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1229 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1230 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1231 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1232 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1233 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1234 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1235 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1236 123720170424: 1238 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1239 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1240 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1241 124220170420: 1243 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1244 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1245 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1246 124720170413: 1248 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1249 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1250 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1251 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1252 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1253 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1254 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1255 125620170407: 1257 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1258 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1259 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1260 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1261 126220170405: 1263 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1264 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1265 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1266 126720170331: 1268 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1269 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1270 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1271 127220170329: 1273 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1274 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1275 1276 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1277 via one of the following methods: 1278 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1279 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1280 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1281 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1282 1283 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1284 128520170316: 1286 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1287 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1288 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1289 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1290 with mmc.ko). 1291 129220170315: 1293 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1294 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1295 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1296 be prefixed with colon. 1297 129820170311: 1299 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1300 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1301 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1302 130320170302: 1304 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1305 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1306 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1307 130820170221: 1309 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1310 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1311 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1312 change. 1313 131420170216: 1315 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1316 valid. 1317 131820170215: 1319 MCA bus support has been removed. 1320 132120170127: 1322 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1323 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1324 132520170112: 1326 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1327 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1328 132920170109: 1330 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1331 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1332 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1333 configuration. 1334 133520161217: 1336 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1337 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1338 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1339 134020161124: 1341 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1342 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1343 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1344 134520161119: 1346 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1347 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1348 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1349 135020161030: 1351 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1352 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1353 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1354 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1355 135620161017: 1357 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1358 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1359 parts. 1360 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1361 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1362 136320161015: 1364 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1365 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1366 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1367 removed from base. 1368 136920161008: 1370 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1371 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1372 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1373 137420161003: 1375 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1376 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1377 137820160924: 1379 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1380 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1381 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1382 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1383 138420160918: 1385 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1386 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1387 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1388 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1389 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1390 139120160918: 1392 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1393 139420160908: 1395 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1396 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1397 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1398 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1399 140020160824: 1401 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1402 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1403 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1404 to 1200005. 1405 140620160818: 1407 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1408 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1409 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1410 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1411 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1412 0. 1413 141420160818: 1415 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1416 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1417 141820160708: 1419 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1420 142120160622: 1422 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with 1423 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2) 1424 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include 1425 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the 1426 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in 1427 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their 1428 kernel. 1429 143020160527: 1431 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers. 1432 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using 1433 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab 1434 previously contained a line like 1435 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should 1436 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom 1437 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should 1438 generally be fine. 1439 144020160523: 1441 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and 1442 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API. 1443 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects 1444 built with the old headers. 1445 144620160520: 1447 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64. 1448 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these 1449 functions and should be updated to the latest version before 1450 installing a new libc. 1451 145220160517: 1453 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support 1454 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system 1455 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT. 1456 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld 1457 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New 1458 packages will be needed. 1459 1460 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add 1461 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build 1462 and the install steps. 1463 146420160510: 1465 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to 1466 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel 1467 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode 1468 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However, 1469 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will 1470 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. 1471 147220160414: 1473 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be 1474 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the 1475 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt 1476 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data 1477 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete: 1478 1479 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 1480 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware. 1481 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware 1482 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares 1483 o FCCT M500 all firmwares 1484 1485 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware 1486 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for 1487 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these 1488 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given 1489 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no 1490 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above 1491 vendors work. 1492 1493 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your 1494 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting: 1495 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2" 1496 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the 1497 quirks entry to 0x3. 1498 149920160330: 1500 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is 1501 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has 1502 been removed. See 20160311 for further details. 1503 150420160317: 1505 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All 1506 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled. 1507 150820160311: 1509 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree 1510 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the 1511 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran 1512 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before 1513 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with 1514 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should 1515 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older 1516 stale .depend files. 1517 151820160306: 1519 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into 1520 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time, 1521 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before 1522 rebooting, e.g.: 1523 1524 make buildworld 1525 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1526 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1527 make -C sys/boot install 1528 <reboot in single user> 1529 1530 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section, 1531 below. 1532 153320160305: 1534 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please 1535 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1536 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1537 153820160301: 1539 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The 1540 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed. 1541 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only 1542 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable 1543 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the 1544 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value. 1545 154620160226: 1547 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the 1548 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a 1549 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The 1550 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set 1551 to obtain the GNU version if necessary. 1552 155320160129: 1554 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That 1555 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks. 1556 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will 1557 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be 1558 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1. 1559 156020160119: 1561 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are 1562 still available in the security/openssh-portable port. 1563 156420160113: 1565 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required 1566 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user 1567 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 1568 156920151216: 1570 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a 1571 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp 1572 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the 1573 other loaders. 1574 157520151211: 1576 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has 1577 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel, 1578 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced 1579 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild 1580 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or 1581 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding. 1582 158320151207: 1584 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and 1585 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but 1586 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed 1587 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes 1588 in src.conf(5). 1589 159020151130: 1591 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and 1592 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether. 1593 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1594 159520151108: 1596 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of 1597 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old 1598 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C". 1599 1600 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given 1601 collation results will be different. 1602 1603 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient 1604 locales before running make installworld. 1605 1606 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/* 1607 160820151030: 1609 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring 1610 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled. 1611 161220151020: 1613 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0. 1614 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and 1615 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively. 1616 161720151017: 1618 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into 1619 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and 1620 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse 1621 and 'make -N' will not. 1622 162320151012: 1624 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster 1625 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now 1626 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had 1627 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may 1628 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install". 1629 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of 1630 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using 1631 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior. 1632 163320151011: 1634 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed. 1635 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases 1636 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.* 1637 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links. 1638 163920151006: 1640 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0. 1641 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1642 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1643 164420150924: 1645 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/, 1646 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements 1647 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with 1648 userland debug files. 1649 1650 When using the supported kernel installation method the 1651 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old) 1652 as is done with /boot/kernel. 1653 1654 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing 1655 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5). 1656 165720150827: 1658 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent 1659 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts 1660 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old 1661 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3) 1662 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your 1663 rc.d scripts in /etc. 1664 166520150827: 1666 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl' 1667 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as 1668 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 1669 167020150817: 1671 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use 1672 them, the kernel must have 1673 1674 device random 1675 options RANDOM_LOADABLE 1676 1677 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko 1678 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect 1679 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide, 1680 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient. 1681 1682 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to 1683 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway. 1684 168520150813: 1686 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1687 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by 1688 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob. 1689 169020150810: 1691 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the 1692 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS 1693 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS 1694 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse. 1695 1696 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the 1697 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant 1698 difference with this change. 1699 1700 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by 1701 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to 1702 remove that workaround. 1703 170420150809: 1705 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed 1706 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have 1707 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group 1708 with: 1709 1710 # pw groupmod video -m $USER 1711 171220150806: 1713 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during 1714 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and 1715 loader.rc.local instead. 1716 171720150805: 1718 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size, 1719 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob 1720 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools. 1721 172220150728: 1723 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some 1724 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than 1725 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing). 1726 1727 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater 1728 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations. 1729 173020150706: 1731 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0 1732 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by 1733 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead 1734 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet 1735 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for 1736 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration 1737 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must 1738 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is 1739 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like 1740 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old 1741 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or 1742 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses. 1743 174420150630: 1745 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now 1746 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow. 1747 1748 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config 1749 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override 1750 this default. You may choose *ONE* of: 1751 1752 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm. 1753 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver. 1754 1755 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people, 1756 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works 1757 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant. 1758 1759 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed 1760 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building 1761 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading, 1762 and it is assumed you know what you need. 1763 1764 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the 1765 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member 1766 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual 1767 behaviour from your security subsystems. 1768 1769 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device 1770 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and 1771 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH. 1772 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set 1773 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3) 1774 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND 1775 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to 1776 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this 1777 will never happen. 1778 177920150623: 1780 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail 1781 entry below has been committed in revision 284717. 1782 178320150616: 1784 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is 1785 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake. 1786 178720150615: 1788 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry 1789 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work 1790 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the 1791 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration 1792 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file. 1793 179420150614: 1795 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from 1796 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf 1797 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work 1798 with Kyuafile and kyua. 1799 180020150614: 1801 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl 1802 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes 1803 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior 1804 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit 1805 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around 1806 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a 1807 2048 bit DH parameter by: 1808 1809 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc 1810 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or 1811 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5', 1812 replace it with '2'. 1813 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to 1814 a file path, create a new file with: 1815 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048 1816 4. Rebuild the .cf file: 1817 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install 1818 5. Restart sendmail: 1819 cd /etc/mail/; make restart 1820 1821 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be 1822 updated. 1823 182420150604: 1825 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default 1826 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted 1827 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new, 1828 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD 1829 5.x. 1830 1831 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details. 1832 183320150525: 1834 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the 1835 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, 1836 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1837 183820150521: 1839 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update 1840 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black, 1841 and Pandaboard: 1842 1843 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the 1844 same but content is different now 1845 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank) 1846 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old 1847 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3. 1848 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is 1849 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0 1850 185120150501: 1852 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim. 1853 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff 1854 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff. 1855 185620150423: 1857 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as 1858 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored. 1859 186020150415: 1861 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 1862 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 1863 186420150416: 1865 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 1866 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 1867 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 1868 186920150324: 1870 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 1871 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 1872 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 1873 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 1874 187520150315: 1876 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 1877 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 1878 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 1879 188020150307: 1881 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1882 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 1883 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 1884 kernel before rebooting. 1885 188620150217: 1887 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 1888 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 1889 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 1890 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 1891 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 1892 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 1893 189420150210: 1895 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 1896 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 1897 with the new kernel. 1898 189920150131: 1900 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 1901 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 1902 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 1903 190420150118: 1905 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 1906 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 1907 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 1908 are not already using 3.5.0. 1909 191020150107: 1911 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 1912 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 1913 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 1914 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 1915 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information. 1916 191720150105: 1918 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 1919 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 1920 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 1921 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 1922 192320150102: 1924 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 1925 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 1926 192720141231: 1928 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 1929 1930 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 1931 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 1932 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 1933 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 1934 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 1935 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 1936 later. 1937 1938 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 1939 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 1940 of the box. 1941 1942 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 1943 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 1944 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 1945 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 1946 1947 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 1948 the instructions for 9.x above. 1949 1950 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 1951 default, and do not build clang. 1952 1953 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 1954 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 1955 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 1956 1957 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 1958 the following are most likely to appear: 1959 1960 -Wabsolute-value 1961 1962 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 1963 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 1964 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 1965 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 1966 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 1967 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 1968 cast, or disable the warning. 1969 1970 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 1971 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 1972 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 1973 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 1974 side-effects. 1975 1976 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 1977 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 1978 1979 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 1980 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 1981 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 1982 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 1983 1984 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 1985 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 1986 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 1987 unreachable could be optimized away. 1988 198920141222: 1990 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 1991 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 1992 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 1993 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 1994 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 1995 the utilities will report errors. 1996 199720141121: 1998 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 1999 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 2000 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 2001 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 2002 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 2003 LOCAL_DIRS. 2004 200520141109: 2006 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 2007 has been obsolete for a very long time. 2008 200920141104: 2010 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 2011 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 2012 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 2013 drivers. 2014 2015 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 2016 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 2017 indicate what you need to do. 2018 2019 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 2020 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 2021 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 2022 2023 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 2024 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 2025 kern.vty=sc 2026 202720141102: 2028 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 2029 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 2030 execute it. 2031 203220141009: 2033 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 2034 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 2035 devel/gperf port. 2036 203720140923: 2038 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 2039 contrib/pjdfstest . 2040 204120140922: 2042 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 2043 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 2044 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 2045 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 2046 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 2047 their next update cycle. 2048 204920140729: 2050 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 2051 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 2052 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 2053 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 2054 1.12.4_8 or newer. 2055 205620140723: 2057 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 2058 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 2059 206020140719: 2061 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 2062 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 2063 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 2064 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 2065 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 2066 new configuration. 2067 206820140709: 2069 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 2070 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 2071 them again. 2072 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 2073 207420140708: 2075 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 2076 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 2077 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 2078 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 2079 requires readline. 2080 208120140702: 2082 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 2083 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 2084 architecture. 2085 208620140701: 2087 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 2088 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 2089 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 2090 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 2091 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 2092 209320140629: 2094 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 2095 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 2096 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 2097 209820140619: 2099 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 2100 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 2101 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 2102 210320140606: 2104 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 2105 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 2106 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 2107 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 2108 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 2109 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 2110 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 2111 "make installworld". 2112 2113 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 2114 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 2115 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 2116 is run. 2117 2118 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 2119 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 2120 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 2121 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 2122 be removed during a clean upgrade. 2123 212420140512: 2125 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 2126 212720140508: 2128 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 2129 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 2130 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 2131 213220140505: 2133 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 2134 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 2135 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 2136 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 2137 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 2138 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 2139 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 2140 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 2141 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 2142 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 2143 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 2144 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 2145 2146 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 2147 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 2148 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 2149 as well. 2150 215120140430: 2152 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 2153 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 2154 215520140424: 2156 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 2157 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 2158 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 2159 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 2160 build hosts for older releases. 2161 2162 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 2163 r276991, respectively. 2164 216520140418: 2166 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 2167 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 2168 will silently lack HESIOD. 2169 217020140405: 2171 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 2172 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 2173 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 2174 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 2175 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 2176 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 2177 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 2178 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 2179 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 2180 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 2181 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 2182 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 2183 218420140306: 2185 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 2186 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 2187 with command line option -W. 2188 218920140226: 2190 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 2191 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 2192 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 2193 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 2194 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 2195 219620140216: 2197 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 2198 219920140216: 2200 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 2201 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 2202 220320140212: 2204 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 2205 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 2206 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 2207 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 2208 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 2209 221020140204: 2211 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 2212 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 2213 kernel is still highly recommended. 2214 221520140131: 2216 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 2217 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 2218 capability mode support in kernel. 2219 222020140128: 2221 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 2222 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 2223 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 2224 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 2225 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 2226 222720140110: 2228 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 2229 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 2230 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 2231 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 2232 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 2233 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 2234 223520131213: 2236 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 2237 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 2238 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 2239 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 2240 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 2241 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 2242 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 2243 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 2244 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 2245 224620131108: 2247 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 2248 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 2249 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 2250 should change your settings to use the latter. 2251 225220131025: 2253 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 2254 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 2255 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 2256 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 2257 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 2258 225920131014: 2260 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 2261 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 2262 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 2263 delete-old-libs": 2264 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 2265 or 2266 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 2267 226820131010: 2269 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head 2270 revision r256279. 2271 2272COMMON ITEMS: 2273 2274 General Notes 2275 ------------- 2276 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 2277 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 2278 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 2279 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 2280 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 2281 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 2282 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 2283 report a bug if it happens consistently. 2284 2285 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 2286 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 2287 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 2288 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 2289 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 2290 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 2291 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 2292 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 2293 an exception. 2294 2295 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 2296 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 2297 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 2298 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 2299 step. 2300 2301 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 2302 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 2303 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 2304 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 2305 2306 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 2307 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 2308 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 2309 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 2310 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 2311 should write them with this in mind. 2312 2313 ZFS notes 2314 --------- 2315 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 2316 these two steps: 2317 2318 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 2319 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 2320 2321 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 2322 2323 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the 2324 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 2325 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0" 2326 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if 2327 booting from EFI). 2328 2329 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 2330 2331 To build a kernel 2332 ----------------- 2333 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 2334 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 2335 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 2336 2337 make kernel-toolchain 2338 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2339 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2340 2341 To test a kernel once 2342 --------------------- 2343 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 2344 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 2345 debugging information) run 2346 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 2347 nextboot -k testkernel 2348 2349 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 2350 ----------------------------------------------------------- 2351 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 2352 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 2353 2354 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2355 make buildworld 2356 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2357 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2358 [1] 2359 <reboot in single user> [3] 2360 mergemaster -Fp [5] 2361 make installworld 2362 mergemaster -Fi [4] 2363 make delete-old [6] 2364 <reboot> 2365 2366 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 2367 -------------------------------------------------- 2368 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 2369 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 2370 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 2371 # size. 2372 2373 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2374 <boot into -stable> 2375 make buildworld 2376 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2377 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 2378 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 2379 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 2380 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 2381 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 2382 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 2383 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 2384 <reboot into current> 2385 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 2386 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 2387 <reboot> 2388 2389 2390 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 2391 ---------------------------------------------- 2392 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2393 make buildworld [9] 2394 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 2395 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2396 [1] 2397 <reboot in single user> [3] 2398 mergemaster -Fp [5] 2399 make installworld 2400 mergemaster -Fi [4] 2401 make delete-old [6] 2402 <reboot> 2403 2404 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 2405 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 2406 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 2407 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 2408 the UPDATING entries. 2409 2410 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 2411 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 2412 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 2413 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 2414 much fewer pitfalls. 2415 2416 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 2417 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 2418 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 2419 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 2420 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 2421 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 2422 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 2423 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 2424 and effective, eg: 2425 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 2426 2427 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 2428 fsck -p 2429 mount -u / 2430 mount -a 2431 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 2432 cd src # full path to source 2433 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 2434 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 2435 into single user mode to do the installworld. 2436 2437 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 2438 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 2439 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 2440 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 2441 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 2442 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 2443 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 2444 2445 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 2446 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 2447 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 2448 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 2449 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 2450 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 2451 2452 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 2453 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 2454 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 2455 2456 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 2457 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 2458 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 2459 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 2460 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 2461 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 2462 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 2463 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 2464 2465 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 2466 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 2467 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 2468 for these as well. 2469 2470 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 2471 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 2472 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 2473 2474 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 2475 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 2476 warn if it is improperly defined. 2477FORMAT: 2478 2479This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 2480breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 2481list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 2482If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 2483to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 2484 2485Copyright information: 2486 2487Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 2488 2489Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 2490modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 2491document are permitted without further permission from the author. 2492 2493THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 2494IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 2495WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 2496DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 2497INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 2498(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 2499SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 2500HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 2501STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 2502IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 2503POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 2504 2505Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 2506this document. 2507 2508$FreeBSD$ 2509