xref: /freebsd/UPDATING (revision 7c31cdfa408a4ebce7a3e10d29056a15c28bc092)
1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT.
2
3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4See end of file for further details.  For commonly done items, please see the
5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.  These instructions assume that you
6basically know what you are doing.  If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
7handbook:
8
9    https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld
10
11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12/usr/ports/UPDATING.  Please read that file before updating system packages
13and/or ports.
14
15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 16.x IS SLOW:
16	FreeBSD 16.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
17	and userland.  These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
18	system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
19	checking and fail stop semantics.  They also substantially impact
20	system performance.  If you want to do performance measurement,
21	benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off.  This
22	includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
23	debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
24	kernel.  Many developers choose to disable these features on build
25	machines to maximize performance.  (To completely disable malloc
26	debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
27	world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
28	at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
29
3020251016:
31	With the migration to OpenZFS in FreeBSD 13.x a number of ZFS sysctls
32	moved to new locations, but backwards compatibility aliases were
33	provided.  These aliases will be removed in the near future.  Please
34	update /etc/sysctl.conf to reference the new OIDs.  For example,
35
36	        vfs.zfs.min_auto_ashift=12
37
38	needs to be changed to
39
40	        vfs.zfs.vdev.min_auto_ashift=12
41
4220251015:
43	The "FreeBSD-unbound" package is renamed to "FreeBSD-local-unbound".
44	If you have set-optional or set-base installed, the new package will
45	be installed automatically, otherwise you should manually install the
46	new package and remove the old one.
47
48	This change only affects pkgbase users.
49
5020251012:
51	Blacklist has been renamed upstream to Blocklist.  If you have it
52	configured, rename all configuration files, firewall anchors or
53	sentinel files to reflect the new nomenclature.  Old setups will
54	continue to work emitting a warning.
55
5620251002:
57	Audio-related utilities including mixer(8) and virtual_oss(8) have
58	moved to the new FreeBSD-sound package.  If you have set-optional or
59	set-base installed this package will be installed automatically,
60	otherwise you should install it manually if you need these utilities.
61
6220250929:
63	Both drm-kmod and nividia-drm ports had to be updated to either no
64	longer conflict on LinuxKPI vs. native PCI changes and/or to keep
65	working after some LinuxKPI PCI adjustments which were previously
66	hidden behind native PCI.
67	Bump __FreeBSD_version 1600001 so users will pick up updated packages.
68
6920250929:
70	The deprecated ftpd(8) has been removed.  Users who still need ftpd
71	can install the ftp/freebsd-ftpd port.  pkgbase users should remove
72	the orphaned FreeBSD-ftpd package.
73
7420250923:
75	Several changes which affect pkgbase users (only):
76
77	powerd has been moved to a new FreeBSD-powerd package.  If you have
78	FreeBSD-set-minimal installed, the new package will be installed
79	automatically, otherwise you may want to install it by hand.
80
81	libpmc and related utilities (/usr/sbin/pmc*) have moved to the new
82	FreeBSD-pmc package.  If you use these, you may want to install the
83	package.
84
85	The libbz2 package has been renamed to bzip2, and /usr/bin/bzip2 has
86	been moved to the new package.  If you have set-minimal installed,
87	the new package will be added automatically, otherwise you may want
88	to manually install it.
89
90	This only affects pkgbase users.
91
9220250918:
93	mandoc (including /usr/bin/man) has been moved to a new package,
94	FreeBSD-mandoc.  If you have the minimal set installed, this package
95	will be installed automatically, otherwise you may want to install it.
96
97	Kyua has been moved to the FreeBSD-kyua package, and ATF has been moved
98	to the FreeBSD-atf* packages.  If you have FreeBSD-tests installed,
99	these packages will be installed automatically, otherwise you should
100	manually install them if you need these tools.
101
102	This only affects pkgbase users.
103
10420250912:
105	If SRCCONF is unset and a file named src.conf is present at
106	the top of the source tree, it will now be used instead of
107	/etc/src.conf.
108
10920250907:
110	The MANSPLITPKG knob has been turned off by default, so pkgbase builds
111	will no longer generate "-man" subpackages; instead the manpages will
112	be shipped in the packages they belong to.  If you want to continue
113	building split man packages, set WITH_MANSPLITPKG=1.
114
11520250905:
116	FreeBSD 16.0-CURRENT.
117
11820250903:
119	The BLOAT_KERNEL_WITH_EXTERR kernel config option has been renamed to
120	EXTERR_STRINGS.
121
12220250827:
123	The names of pkg repositories defined in /etc/pkg/FreeBSD.conf have
124	changed: "FreeBSD" is now "FreeBSD-ports", and "FreeBSD-kmods" is now
125	"FreeBSD-ports-kmods".  Users with /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos files
126	which override these will need to adjust their configuration to match
127	the new names.
128
12920250823:
130	The set of pkgbase packages for Kerberos and OpenSSL has changed.
131	After updating past 250e77d4f0a5, you should check 'pkg orphans'
132	and remove any orphaned packages, then examine the output of
133	'pkg install -r base -g FreeBSD-openssl\* FreeBSD-kerberos\*'
134	and install any new packages you need.
135
13620250823:
137	To restore bridge(4)'s ABI compatibility with ifconfig from 14.x or
138	earlier, the size of struct ifbreq has changed, so you must update
139	the kernel and /sbin/ifconfig at the same time or you will not be
140	able to add interfaces to bridge.  This is particularly important
141	if you require bridge for network access during boot, in which case
142	you should install the new kernel and the new /sbin/ifconfig prior
143	to rebooting.
144
14520250820:
146	The WITHOUT_GSSAPI src.conf knob has been removed.  This was already
147	a no-op for MIT Kerberos, so this only affects builds which set
148	WITHOUT_MITKRB5=1, in which case you now always get libgssapi.
149
150	Also, Heimdal's compile_et and libcom_err are now controlled by
151	WITHOUT_KERBEROS, not WITHOUT_KERBEROS_SUPPORT.  This matches
152	the behaviour of the MIT Kerberos versions.
153
15420250820:
155	Commits 08c7dd2fbe4f and a4197ea47777 have changed the ABI between
156	libvmmapi and the vmm device. If using a custom kernel configuration,
157	please ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD14 option is included so older
158	versions of libvmmapi continue working as expected.
159
16020250819:
161	The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-on to default-off.
162	This reverts the 20250808 change below, which had reverted the 20240729
163	change before it.  Note that some src.conf(5) options are known to break
164	ABI or compatibility in ways that may require a clean build initially
165	when switched.
166
16720250816:
168	Sendmail's libmilter has been moved to its own package.  If you want
169	to compile applications that use libmilter, you should install the
170	FreeBSD-libmilter* packages.
171
172	If you only have FreeBSD-sendmail installed for applications that
173	require libmilter, you can now remove it.
174
17520250815:
176	The [gs]etgroups(2)syscalls have changed. To maintain backwards
177	compatibility with existing programs, you need COMPAT_FREEBSD14 in
178	your kernel config until all applications which use this are
179	rebuild/reinstalled.
180
18120250815:
182	jemalloc 5.3.0 has been committed to the tree.
183
18420250815:
185	The removal of Secure RPC DES authentication noted in 20250810
186	has been reverted.  (However, it is still non-functional.)
187
18820250813:
189	Commit cce64f2e6851 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
190	modules.  As such, all of them need to be rebuilt from sources.
191	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1500060 already today,
192	 so I will not bump it again for this.
193
19420250813:
195	The gpiobus_attach_bus() function has been removed. Drivers should now
196	use the gpiobus_add_bus() function instead. The difference being that
197	gpiobus_add_bus() doesn't call bus_attach_children(), calling it will
198	be the responsibility of the caller now.
199
20020250810:
201	Support for Secure RPC DES authentication has been removed.
202	The keyserv(8) daemon was already removed, but support for it in libc
203	has also been removed, so if you somehow still had keyserv installed,
204	it will now stop working.  There is no workaround for this.  Removing
205	DES is considered a feature.
206
20720250808:
208	The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-off to
209	default-on.  This reverts the 20240729 change below.
210
21120250807:
212	routed(8) and route6d(8) have moved to the FreeBSD-rip package.
213	If you use either of these, you should install the new package.
214
21520250806:
216	if_epair(4) now uses ether_gen_addr(9) to generate a stable MAC
217	address.
218	To keep using the random address, set the loader tunable
219	net.link.epair.ether_gen_addr=0.
220
22120250804:
222	bsdconfig (including sysrc(8)) has moved to the new bsdconfig
223	package.  If you use pkgbase and wish to use bsdconfig, you should
224	install FreeBSD-bsdconfig.
225
22620250730:
227	The usbhid(4) USB HID driver is now enabled by default, and will be
228	used in preference to other USB HID drivers like ukbd(4), ums(4), and
229	uhid(4).  Work on a FIDO/U2F driver and moused(8) is in progress.
230	The default is being switched now so that we can find and fix any
231	additional issues prior to FreeBSD 15.0.
232
233	To revert to the previous USB HID driver behavior, set the loader
234	tunable hw.usb.usbhid.enable=0.
235
23620250727:
237	bmake (i.e., /usr/bin/make and /usr/share/mk) has moved to a new
238	package, FreeBSD-bmake.  If you use pkgbase and you need make, you
239	should install this package.
240
24120250726:
242	amd64 kernel configurations must contain "options SMP".
243
24420250725:
245	gssd(8) has been moved to a new package, FreeBSD-gssd.  If you use
246	pkgbase and you need gssd, you should install this package.
247
24820250724:
249	The Kerberos packages which are built when WITH_MITKRB5 is enabled
250	have been renamed from FreeBSD-krb5* to FreeBSD-kerberos*.  This
251	affects pkgbase users who manually enabled WITH_MITKRB5, *or* use
252	the default value of WITH_MITKRB5 and updated past c7da9fb90b0b
253	(20250721) which made WITH_MITKRB5 the default.
254
255	In either case, if you have FreeBSD-krb5* packages installed, you
256	should remove them and (re)install the equivalent FreeBSD-kerberos*
257	packages instead.
258
25920250721:
260	WITH_MITKRB5 is now enabled by default. MIT KRB5 has replaced
261	Heimdal in base. Ports that use USES=gssapi must be rebuilt.
262	A clean buildworld is required.
263
26420250719:
265	Commits 392a82b225 and c00baac0ab both changed the
266	internal API between the NFS modules.  As such, all
267	these modules need to be rebuilt from sources.
268	__FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1500053 for this.
269
27020250710:
271	The shar(1) utility has been removed from base.  The
272	sysutils/freebsd-shar port was created to maintain this version of
273	shar(1) past its removal from base.
274
27520250704:
276	LinuxKPI device.h and acpi changes effecting drivers and drm-kmod.
277	Bump __FreeBSD_version 1500050 to be able to detect these changes.
278
27920250630:
280	Commits 171f66b0c2ca and 8e2a90ac8089 changed the internal
281	api between nfscommon.ko and the other nfs modules.
282	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500049 for this.
283	All NFS related modules must be rebuilt from up-to-date
284	sources.
285
28620250625:
287	"make delete-old" will now remove the Forth bootloader entirely
288	if the system is built with WITHOUT_FORTH.
289
29020250614:
291	MIT KRB5 (MIT Kerberos5) has been imported into 15-CURRENT. To
292	and install MIT KRB5, add WITH_MITKRB5=yes to /etc/src.conf. This
293	will build and install MIT KRB5 1.21.3. And it will remove Heimdal
294	1.5.2 when delete-old and delete-old-libs are run. To revert back
295	simply buildworld/installworld again with delete-old-libs and
296	delete-old.
297
298	At the moment we only know of a couple of ports that might be
299	affected. Adjusting libmap.conf does not circumvent runtime issues.
300	The few affected ports must be rebuilt. A successful exp-run will be
301	run before MIT KRB5 becomes default.
302
303	Those using the KDC in FreeBSD base may wish to wait. The Heimdal
304	HDB is incompatible with the MIT KRB5 KDC. The migration procedure
305	is a little involved.
306
30720250603:
308	LinuxKPI dma-mapping.h were pulled into the tree from drm-kmod.
309	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1500045 to be able to detect this change.
310
31120250527:
312	pf changed extension header handling. It now treats AH headers on IPv4 just
313	like AH headers on IPv6 and skips over them, allowing filtering on the inner
314	protocol.
315
31620250527:
317	pf now blocks IPv6 packets with a hop-by-hop or destination options header by
318	default. Such packets can be passed by adding "allow-opts" to the rule. IPv6
319	options are now handled just like their IPv4 counterparts.
320
32120250527:
322	The CAM target layer userland, i.e. ctld(8), ctladm(8) and ctlstat(8),
323	has moved to the new FreeBSD-ctl package.  If you use pkgbase and you
324	need the CAM Target Layer, you should install the new package.
325
326	Development-related tools (e.g. ar and nm) have moved to the new
327	"FreeBSD-toolchain" package, which subsumes and obsoletes the
328	existing "FreeBSD-elftoolchain" package.  If you use pkgbase and
329	need to compile software, you should install the new package and
330	ensure the old FreeBSD-elftoolchain* packages are completely removed.
331
33220250521:
333	Commit e64fe5ad3a23 removed in6_maxmtu and its setter in6_setmaxmtu().
334	in6_maxmtu is used to store the max IPv6 MTU of all interfaces,
335	however it does not have any in-tree consumers since the introduction
336	from the KAME project. The removal should have little impact, and the
337	max IPv6 MTU can be easily retrieved by iterating over all the attached
338	interface if 3rd party modules need it.
339
34020250515:
341	Commit 772258c89f28 changed the internal API between the nfscommon
342	and nfscl modules.  Both need to be built from updated sources.
343
34420250513:
345	The bridge(4) sysctl net.link.bridge.member_ifaddrs now defaults to 0,
346	meaning that interfaces added to a bridge may not have IP addresses
347	assigned.  Refer to bridge(4) for more information.
348
34920250507:
350	UMASS quirks and auto-quirk probing has been overhauled. CAM now won't
351	send SYNCHRONIZE CACHE unless MODE PAGE 8 is present and valid. This
352	should allow more devices to work (since the auto quirk code was updated
353	in 14 and broke several e-readers and the like). Please send imp@freebsd.org
354	any regression reports.
355
35620250504:
357	Commit 9419e086e1a3 changed the internal API between the nfscommon
358	and nfscl modules.  Both need to be built from updated sources.
359
36020250412:
361	LinuxKPI alloc routines were changed to return physically contiguous
362	memory where expected. These changes may require out-of-tree drivers
363	to be recompiled.
364	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500037 to be able to detect this change.
365
36620250409:
367	Intel iwlwifi firmware has been removed from the src repository.
368	Before updating their system, users of iwlwifi(4) or iwx(4) must
369	install the appropriate firmware for their chipset using fwget(8) or
370	building it from ports.
371
37220250314:
373	We now use LLVM's binary utilities (nm, objcopy, etc.) by default.
374	The WITHOUT_LLVM_BINUTILS src.conf(5) knob can be used to revert to
375	ELF Tool Chain tools if desired.
376
37720250303:
378	Commit 4a77657cbc01 changed the ABI between ipfw(8) and ipfw(4).
379	Please note that the old ipfw(8) binary will not work with the new
380	ipfw(4) module. Therefore, it is recommended to disable ipfw during
381	the upgrade, otherwise the host system may become inaccessible because
382	ipfw rules cannot be installed with the old binary.
383
38420250214:
385	Commit 4517fbfd4251 modified the internal API between the
386	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both of these modules
387	need to be rebuilt from sources.
388
38920250201:
390	The NFS related daemons, that provide RPC services to the kernel:
391	gssd(8), rpcbind(8), rpc.tlsservd(8) and rpc.tlsclntd(8), now use a
392	different transport - netlink(4) socket instead of unix(4).  Users of
393	NFS need to upgrade both kernel and world (binaries and libc) at once.
394	Also, any revision between 88cd1e17a7d8 and 99e5a70046da should be
395	avoided.
396
39720250129:
398	Defer the January 19, 2038 date limit in UFS1 filesystems to
399	February 7, 2106. This affects only UFS1 format filesystems.
400	See commit message 1111a44301da for details.
401
40220250127:
403	The Allwinner a10_timer driver has been renamed to aw_driver. If you
404	have a custom kernel configuration including the line 'device
405	a10_timer', it must be adjusted to 'device aw_timer'. The same applies
406	for device exclusions with 'nodevice'.
407
40820250106:
409	A new SOC_ROCKCHIP options appeared, so if you have a custom kernel configuration
410	targeting Rockchip SoC you need to add it so shared and mandatory drivers for
411	this SoC family will be selected.
412	Also a new rk8xx device was added, this select the base driver for Rockchip PMIC.
413
41420241223:
415	The layout of NFS file handles for the tarfs, tmpfs, cd9660, and ext2fs
416	file systems has changed.  An NFS server that exports any of these file
417	systems will need its clients to unmount and remount the exports.
418
41920241216:
420	The iwm(4) firmwares are no longer compiled as kernel modules but instead
421	shipped as raw files. For pkgbase users if you use iwm(4) you will need
422	to install the FreeBSD-firmware-iwm package.
423
42420241124:
425	The OpenBSD derived bc and dc implementations and the WITHOUT_GH_BC
426	option that allowed building them instead of the advanced version
427	imported more than 4 years ago have been removed.
428
42920241107:
430	The ng_ubt(4) driver now requires firmwares to be loaded on Realtek
431	adaptors with rtlbtfw(8) utility. It no longer attaches to devices
432	standing in bootloader mode. Firmware files are available in the
433	comms/rtlbt-firmware port.
434
43520241025:
436	The support for the rc_fast_and_loose variable has been removed from
437	rc.subr(8). Users setting rc_fast_and_loose on their systems are
438	advised to make sure their customizations to rc service scripts
439	do not depend on having a single shell environment shared across
440	all the rc service scripts during booting and shutdown.
441
44220241013:
443	The ciss driver was updated to cope better with hotplug events that
444	caused it to panic before, and to support more than 48 drives attached
445	to the card. These changes were made w/o benefit of hardware for testing
446	and ciss(4) users should be on the lookout for regressions.
447
44820240729:
449	The build now defaults to WITHOUT_CLEAN - i.e., no automatic clean
450	is performed at the beginning of buildworld or buildkernel.  The
451	WITH_CLEAN src.conf(5) knob can be used to restore the previous
452	behaviour.
453
454	If you encounter incremental build issues, please report them to the
455	freebsd-current mailing list so that a special-case dependency can be
456	added, if necessary.
457
45820240715:
459	We now lean more heavily on ACPI enumeration for some traditional
460	devices. uart has moved from isa to acpi so the hints act as wiring
461	instead of device enumeration. Hints for parallel port, floppy, etc
462	have been removed.  Before upgrading, grep your dmesg for lines like:
463		uart1: non-PNP ISA device will be removed from GENERIC in FreeBSD 15.
464	to see if you need to start including hints for the device on isa
465	in your loader.conf or device.hints file. APU1 (but not APU2) boards
466	are known to be affected, but there may be others.
467
46820240712:
469	Support for armv6 has been disconnected and is being removed.
470
47120240617:
472	ifconfig now treats IPv4 addresses without a width or mask as an error.
473	Specify the desired mask or width along with the IP address on the
474	ifconfig command line and in rc.conf.
475
47620240428:
477	OpenBSM auditing runtime (auditd, etc.) has been moved into the new
478	package FreeBSD-audit.  If you use OpenBSM auditing and pkgbase, you
479	should install FreeBSD-audit.
480
48120240424:
482	cron, lpr, and ntpd have been moved from FreeBSD-utilities into their
483	own packages.  If you use pkgbase, you should install the relevant
484	packages: FreeBSD-cron, FreeBSD-lp, or FreeBSD-ntp.
485
48620240406:
487	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
488	been upgraded to 18.1.6. It is important that you run `make delete-old`
489	as described in the COMMON ITEMS section, otherwise several libc++
490	headers that are obsolete and need to be removed can cause compilation
491	errors in C++ programs.
492
49320240205:
494	For dynamically linked programs, system calls are now made from
495	libsys rather than libc.  No change in linkage is required as
496	libsys is an auxiliary filter for libc.  People building custom
497	images must ensure that libsys.so.7 is included.
498
49920240202:
500	Loader now also read configuration files listed in local_loader_conf_files.
501	Files listed here are the last ones read. And /boot/loader.conf.local was
502	moved from loader_conf_files to local_loader_conf_files leaving only
503	loader.conf and device.hints in loader_conf_files by default.
504
505	The following sequencing is applied:
506
507	1. Bootstrap:
508	    /boot/defaults/loader.conf
509
510	2. Read loader_conf_files files:
511	    /boot/device.hints
512	    /boot/loader.conf
513
514	3. Read loader_conf_dirs files:
515	    /boot/loader.conf.d/*.conf
516
517	4. And finally, rread local_loader_conf_files files:
518	    /boot/loader.conf.local
519
52020240201:
521	sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged.  This version enforces
522	stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line
523	endings.  This may cause issues with receiving messages from
524	non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in
525	contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations.
526
52720240111:
528	Commit cc760de2183f changed the internal interface between
529	the nfscommon and nfscl modules.  As such, both need to be
530	rebuilt from sources.  Therefore, __FreeBSD_version was
531	bumped to 1500010.
532
53320231120:
534	If you have an arm64 system that uses ACPI, you will need to update your
535	loader.efi in the ESP when you update past this point.  Detection of ACPI
536	was moved earlier in the binary so the scripts could use it, but old
537	binaries don't have this, so we default to 'no ACPI' in this case. You can
538	undisable ACPI by doing
539		OK unset hint.acpi.0.disabled
540	This can also be used to recover any other system that was updated in the
541	small window where amd64 was also broken.
542
54320231113:
544	The WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD option has been removed.  When LLD is enabled
545	it is always installed as /usr/bin/ld.
546
54720231027:
548	Forward compatibility (running the new code on old kernels) for the
549	"ino64" project have been removed. The need for it has passed long ago.
550
55120231018:
552	Commit 57ce37f9dcd0 changed the internal KAPI between the
553	nfscommon and nfscl modules.  Both must be rebuilt from sources.
554
55520231010:
556	dialog(1) has been replaced in base by bsddialog(1), while most of the
557	time replacing a dialog(1) call by a bsddialog(1) call works out of the
558	box, bsddialog(1) is not considered as a drop-in replacement for
559	dialog(1).
560
561	If you do depend on dialog(1) functionality, please install cdialog
562	from ports:
563
564	pkg install cdialog
565
56620230927:
567	The EARLY_AP_STARTUP kernel option is mandatory on x86.  The option
568	has been added to DEFAULTS, so it should automatically be included in
569	custom kernel configurations without any additional change.
570
57120230922:
572	A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default
573	behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required
574	recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP.
575
57620230914:
577	Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by
578	default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf.
579
58020230911:
581	Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang
582	internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems
583	installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow
584	for these file moves:
585
586		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities
587		pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev
588		pkg upgrade -y
589
59020230909:
591	Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which
592	belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module
593	loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are
594	corresponding kernel environment variables.
595
59620230901:
597	The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have
598	been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively.
599
60020230824:
601	FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT.
602
60320230817:
604	Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has
605	been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry
606	practice and typical firmware serial console redirection
607	configuration.
608
609	Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not
610	support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may
611	set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot
612	components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start
613	with the serial port at 115200.
614
61520230807:
616	Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus-
617	frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is
618	integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's
619	no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or
620	"device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration.
621
62220230803:
623	MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config.
624	Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt.
625
62620230724:
627	CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g
628	to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional
629	BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems
630	for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of
631	the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces.
632
63320230713:
634	stable/14 branch created.
635
63620230629:
637	The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires
638	atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional
639	change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please
640	file a PR and assign it to imp.
641
64220230623:
643	OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout
644	the base system.  It is important to rebuild third-party software
645	after upgrading.
646
64720230619:
648	To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf
649	filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered
650	locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets
651	delivered to lo0. To enable this feature:
652
653		sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1
654		service pf restart
655
656	When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not
657	filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule.
658
65920230613:
660	Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now
661	follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+
662	authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single
663	quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't
664	already properly quoted or escaped.
665
66620230612:
667	Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda.
668	nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a
669	nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1
670	in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel
671	config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add
672	kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf.  The default has been nda on
673	all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back,
674	please email imp@freebsd.org about why.
675
676	Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you
677	migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd.
678
67920230422:
680	Remove portsnap(8).  Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree
681	using git instead.
682
68320230420:
684	Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging
685	eg.
686		make buildworld-jobs
687	runs
688		make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1
689
690	where JOB_MAX is derived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env.
691
69220230316:
693	Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed.
694	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
695	IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and
696	"device imx6_ipu" to it.
697	If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on
698	TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it.
699	If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't
700	exist anymore.
701
70220230221:
703	Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4)
704	for details.
705
70620230206:
707	sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream.
708	Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add
709	`X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config.
710
71120230204:
712	Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default
713	to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4).
714
71520230130:
716	As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added
717	to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need
718	to compile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel.
719
72020230126:
721	The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base
722	system are now built unconditionally.
723
72420230113:
725	LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled.
726	Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change.
727
72820221212:
729	llvm-objdump is now always installed as objdump.  Previously there was
730	no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used.
731
732	Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to
733	GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU
734	objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package.
735
73620221205:
737	dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta.  For people willing
738	to re-enable sendmail(8):
739
740	$ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf
741
742	and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf.
743
74420221204:
745	hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by
746	default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach
747	the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying
748	the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one
749	needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set
750	the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false).
751
752	NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues
753
75420221122:
755	pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'.
756	These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as
757	'scrub fragment reassemble'.
758
75920221121:
760	The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed.  When Clang is enabled
761	it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp).
762
76320221026:
764	Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended
765	for pkgbase users to do:
766
767	pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \
768	  FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch
769
770	after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously
771	installed.
772
77320221002:
774	OPIE has been removed from the base system.  If needed, it can
775	be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie).
776	Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference
777	pam_opie or pam_opieaccess.
778
77920220610:
780	LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version
781	before re-compiling to avoid errors.
782
78320211230:
784	The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND)
785	have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1.
786	Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to
787	be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to
788	reflect this change.
789
79020211214:
791	A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by
792	themselves.  A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this.
793
79420211209:
795	Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of
796	mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in
797	the coming days and weeks.
798
799	This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build
800	or touch
801		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def
802		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def
803		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def
804		lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def
805	before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to.
806
80720211202:
808	Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is
809	by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault
810	statement in unbound.conf:
811		local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault
812
813	Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice.
814
815	The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375:
816	Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured
817	using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way
818	to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer
819	belongs.  Consequently, users may experience surprising results with
820	such names when roaming to different homenets.
821
82220211110:
823	Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so
824	that any of the included congestion control modules could be
825	the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno
826	was automatically built in through direct reference. As of
827	this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion
828	control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a
829	default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\").
830	The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno
831	as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the
832	kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will
833	fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail.
834
83520211118:
836	Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the
837	tree shortly.
838
83920211106:
840	Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE.
841	The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out
842	of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE
843	may need to be modified.
844
84520211022:
846	The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed.
847	The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4)
848	support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option.
849
85020211020:
851	sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user.  To force root to use
852	the csh shell, please run the following command as root:
853
854	# chsh -s csh
855
85620211004:
857	Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses
858	with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link
859	to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect
860	this change.
861
86220210923:
863	As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the
864	ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such
865	users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the
866	list of modules to load on their systems.
867
86820210922:
869	As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly
870	new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more
871	information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports:
872	audio/freebsd-13-mixer
873
87420210911:
875	As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has
876	been deleted from the nfscommon.ko.  As such, nfsd.ko must be built
877	from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when
878	being loaded.
879
88020210817:
881	As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS
882	by default.  Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL
883	option.  This can be enabled globally by using a custom
884	OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an
885	application-specific configuration option for applications
886	which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3).
887
88820210811:
889	Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
890	modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources.
891
89220210730:
893	Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl.
894	As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean
895	users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel
896	past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32.
897
89820210729:
899	As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer
900	change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the
901	MTU on all member interfaces instead.
902
90320210716:
904	Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon
905	and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources.
906	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change.
907
90820210715:
909	The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has
910	been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you
911	installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new
912	kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset
913	script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is
914	to update your sources past the above hash and do
915		% cd usr.bin/awk
916		% make clean all
917		% sudo -E make install
918	to enable building kernels again.
919
92020210708:
921	Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS
922	modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources.  I did not
923	bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently.
924
92520210707:
926	awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215.
927	This contains a number of minor bug fixes.
928
92920210624:
930	The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4
931	supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0,
932	for NFSv4 mounts.
933	The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default.
934
93520210618:
936	Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes.
937	Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies
938	(mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI
939	additions and others.
940
94120210618:
942	The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been
943	renamed to "untrusted".
944
94520210611:
946	svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason
947	please install the svn package or port.
948
94920210611:
950	Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc
951	and nfsserver.  As such, both modules must be rebuilt from
952	sources.  Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022.
953
95420210610:
955	The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD.
956
95720210608:
958	The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to
959	start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see
960https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html
961	for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The
962	short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally:
963	    git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs
964	(assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd').
965
96620210525:
967	Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI
968	which break drm-kmod.  In addition various other additions where
969	committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to
970	detect this.
971
97220210513:
973	Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL
974	libraries and utilities are packaged.
975	It is recommended for pkgbase user to do:
976	pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl
977	before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met
978	and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore
979	on the system.
980
98120210426:
982	Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between
983	the nfsd and nfscommon modules.  As such these modules
984	need to be rebuilt from sources.
985	Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling
986	delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero
987	is not recommended.
988
98920210411:
990	Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between
991	the krpc and NFS.  As such, the krpc, nfscommon and
992	nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources.
993	Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not
994	be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid
995	needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs.
996
99720210330:
998	Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it
999	handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661.
1000	Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects"
1001	mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts.
1002
100320210225:
1004	For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position
1005	Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default.  It may be
1006	disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob.  A clean build is required.
1007
100820210128:
1009	Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM.
1010	Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003
1011	update.
1012
101320210121:
1014	stable/13 branch created.
1015
101620210108:
1017	PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of
1018	wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only
1019	PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this
1020	since it was bumped so recently.
1021
102220210107:
1023	Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB
1024	code in to separate subsystem.  Kernel configs which include one of
1025	ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should
1026	be updated with adding of "device hid" line.
1027
102820210105:
1029	ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar
1030	enabled version.  Incremental build is broken for that change, so it
1031	requires a clean build.
1032
103320201223:
1034	The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary
1035	instructions can be found at
1036	https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md
1037	and other documents in that repo.
1038
103920201216:
1040	The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic
1041	services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough
1042	that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to
1043	12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154.
1044
104520201215:
1046	Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed.  GDB (including kgdb)
1047	may be installed from ports or packages.
1048
104920201124:
1050	ping6 has been merged into ping.  It can now be called as "ping -6".
1051	See ping(8) for details.
1052
105320201108:
1054	Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
1055	If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
1056	interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
1057
105820201030:
1059	The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
1060	extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
1061	and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
1062	Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
1063	number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
1064
106520201026:
1066	All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
1067	have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
1068	jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
1069	make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
1070	functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
1071	find.
1072
107320200923:
1074	LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
1075	files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
1076	        find sys -name LINT\* -delete
1077	is suggested across this commit	to remove the generated	LINT files.
1078
1079	If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
1080	command you want to un-auger the tree is
1081		cd sys/amd64/conf
1082		svn revert -R .
1083	and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
1084	above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
1085
108620200824:
1087	OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
1088	the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
1089	'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
1090	unless you  want to use new features.
1091
1092	Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
1093	scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
1094	rebuilding world may fail.
1095
1096	The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
1097	upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
1098
1099	Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
1100	to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
1101	zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
1102	you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
1103
110420200824:
1105	The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
1106	rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
1107	other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
1108	will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
1109
111020200821:
1111	r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
1112	NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
1113	sources.
1114
111520200817:
1116	r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
1117	As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
1118
111920200816:
1120	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1121	been upgraded to 11.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1122	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1123	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1124
112520200810:
1126	r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
1127	modules.  As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
1128	from sources, so a version bump was done.
1129
113020200807:
1131	Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
1132	20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
1133	to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
1134	with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
1135
113620200729:
1137	r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
1138	extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
1139	accepted.  An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
1140	ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
1141	continue to function.
1142
1143	Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
1144	from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
1145	you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
1146	successful or not) and run installworld once more.
1147
114820200627:
1149	A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
1150	implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
1151	and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
1152	is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
1153	(a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
1154	languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
1155	world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
1156
115720200625:
1158	r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
1159	As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
1160
116120200613:
1162	r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP().  As such, any
1163	out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
1164	Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
1165
116620200604:
1167	read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default.  root may
1168	re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
1169	security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
1170	security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
1171
1172	It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
1173	commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
1174	the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable.  Example
1175	aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
1176	/root/.shrc.
1177
117820200523:
1179	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1180	been upgraded to 10.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1181	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1182	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1183
118420200512:
1185	Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
1186	Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
1187
118820200424:
1189	closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
1190	stub that calls close_range(2).  If using a custom kernel configuration,
1191	you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
1192	a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
1193	be functional without closefrom(2).
1194
119520200414:
1196	Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
1197	and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
1198	The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
1199	A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
1200	deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
1201	remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
1202
120320200310:
1204	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1205	been upgraded to 10.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1206	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1207	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1208
120920200309:
1210	The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
1211	As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
1212	amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
1213
121420200301:
1215	Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
1216
121720200229:
1218	The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed.  The BSD-licenced device tree
1219	compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
1220	the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
1221
122220200229:
1223	The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed.  LLVM's libunwind
1224	is used by all supported CPU architectures.
1225
122620200229:
1227	GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree.  The WITH_GCC,
1228	WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
1229	Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
1230	ports or packages.
1231
123220200220:
1233	ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
1234	has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
1235	ncurses.
1236
123720200217:
1238	The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
1239	Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
1240	together with their new kernel.
1241
124220200212:
1243	Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
1244	NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error.  Update
1245	your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
1246
1247	One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
1248	define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
1249
125020200108:
1251	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
1252	linker for riscv64.
1253
125420200107:
1255	make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
1256	Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
1257	external toolchain package.
1258
125920200104:
1260	GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
1261	retirement plan.  Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
1262	options default to off for all supported CPU architectures.  As a
1263	short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
1264	GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
1265
126620200102:
1267	Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
1268	machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
1269	You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
1270	MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
1271
127220191226:
1273	Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
1274	LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64.  The change for powerpc64
1275	also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
1276	ABI.
1277
127820191226:
1279	Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
1280
128120191222:
1282	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1283	been upgraded to 9.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1284	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1285	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1286
128720191212:
1288	r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
1289	NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
1290	simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
1291
129220191205:
1293	The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
1294	imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
1295	utility.  If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
1296	with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
1297	differences between those included in the port and those included in
1298	base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
1299	frequency.  Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
1300	format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
1301
130220191120:
1303	The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
1304	removed in the future.  As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
1305	for automounting.
1306
130720191107:
1308	The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
1309	If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
1310	you should add device superio to it.  If you use one of these drivers
1311	as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
1312	add superio to the set.
1313
131420191021:
1315	KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
1316	Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
1317
131820191021:
1319	The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
1320	already created /dev/tapNN devices.  Access is still controlled by
1321	node permissions, just like tun devices.  The net.link.tap.user_open
1322	sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
1323	tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
1324	in the appropriate group.  This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
1325	completely in the future.
1326
132720191009:
1328	mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
1329	universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
1330	not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
1331	the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
1332	builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
1333	will be removed from the list.
1334
133520191009:
1336	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1337	been upgraded to 9.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1338	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1339	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1340
134120191003:
1342	The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
1343	GENERIC.  They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
1344	to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
1345	hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
1346
134720190913:
1348	ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
1349	to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
1350	historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
1351	to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
1352
135320190823:
1354	Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
1355	with ping.  If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
1356	scripts.  See ping6(8) for details.
1357
135820190727:
1359	The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
1360	and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
1361	been removed from mount_fusefs(8).  You can safely remove them from
1362	your scripts, because they had no effect.
1363
1364	The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
1365	vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
1366	vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
1367	sysctls have been removed.  If you felt the need to set any of them to
1368	a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
1369
137020190713:
1371	Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
1372	rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
1373	because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
1374	world-readable.  If the /var/account directory must be created by
1375	rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750.  Admins who use the
1376	accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
1377	/var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
1378
137920190620:
1380	Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
1381	components.  The "device random" option has been removed.
1382	Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
1383	with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
1384
138520190612:
1386	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
1387	been upgraded to 8.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for
1388	information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
1389	using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1390
139120190608:
1392	A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
1393	dpcpu or vnet.  Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
1394	having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
1395
139620190513:
1397	User-wired pages now have their own counter,
1398	vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count.  The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
1399	to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
1400	long.  bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
1401	wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
1402	avoid running into the limit.
1403
140420190507:
1405	The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC.  Users requiring
1406	ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
1407
140820190507:
1409	The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
1410	renamed to tuntap.  You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
1411	kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
1412	if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
1413	module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
1414	config files to select the tuntap device instead.
1415
141620190418:
1417	The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
1418	safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
1419	entropy:
1420
1421	kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
1422	non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
1423	block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
1424	For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
1425	availability properties.
1426
1427	kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1428	read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
1429	read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
1430	initial condition, if desired.
1431
1432	kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
1433	Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
1434
1435	kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
1436	non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
1437	met as for the diagnostic sysctls above.  Defaults to zero, i.e.,
1438	produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
1439
144020190416:
1441	The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
1442	routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
1443	method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
1444	therefore unblocked).
1445
144620190404:
1447	r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
1448	built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
1449	r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
1450	is added to the command line.
1451	nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
1452	not affected and should continue to work.
1453
145420190320:
1455	The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
1456	other filesystems.  You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
1457	/etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
1458	"options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
1459
146020190304:
1461	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1462	8.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1463	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1464	or higher.
1465
146620190226:
1467	geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz.  If geom_uzip is statically
1468	compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
1469	kernel config.
1470
147120190219:
1472	drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
1473	https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
1474	migrating to the drm ports.
1475
147620190131:
1477	Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel.  Drivers
1478	using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
1479	the 'device iflib' config option.  For the same drivers loaded as
1480	modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
1481	is loaded automatically.
1482
148320190125:
1484	The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
1485	options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
1486	nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
1487	kernel config files.
1488
148920181230:
1490	r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
1491	the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
1492	specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
1493	'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
1494
149520181220:
1496	r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
1497	in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3.  This implies that NFSv4
1498	servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
1499	from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
1500	NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect
1501	most NFSv4 mounts.
1502
150320181219:
1504	The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
1505	kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
1506	to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
1507
1508	The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
1509	the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
1510
1511	The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
1512	removed from the mips port.
1513
151420181211:
1515	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1516	7.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1517	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1518	or higher.
1519
152020181211:
1521	Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree.  Setting
1522	the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
1523
152420181126:
1525	On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
1526	linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
1527	it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use.  Users needing
1528	GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
1529
153020181123:
1531	The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
1532	had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
1533	by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
1534
153520181115:
1536	The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
1537	has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
1538	FreeBSD-13.  It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
1539	FreeBSD versions.
1540
154120181110:
1542	The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
1543	files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
1544	the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
1545
1546	You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
1547	this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
1548	being included using the command:
1549		$ newsyslog -Nrv
1550
155120181019:
1552	Stable/12 was branched created.
1553
155420181015:
1555	Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
1556	just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
1557	drm-legacy-kmod.
1558
1559	Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
1560	drm-kmod.  For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
1561	to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
1562	than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
1563	only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
1564	market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
1565	have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
1566	that as you will get better support.
1567
1568	Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
1569	elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
1570	soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
1571	asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
1572
1573	Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
1574	WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
1575	cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
1576	loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
1577	shortly.
1578
157920181012:
1580	The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4).  As a consequence,
1581	custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
1582	accordingly.  Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
1583	system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
1584	be adjusted as necessary.
1585
158620181009:
1587	OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1.  This update included
1588	additional various API changes throughout the base system.  It is
1589	important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading.  The value
1590	of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
1591
159220181006:
1593	The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
1594	module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
1595	The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
1596	'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
1597	encouraged.
1598
159920181002:
1600	The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
1601	powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
1602	loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
1603	driver.  Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
1604	nda device name.
1605
160620180913:
1607	Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
1608	FreeBSD 12.0.  This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
1609	host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
1610	corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
1611	The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
1612	knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
1613
161420180826:
1615	The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
1616	supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
1617	default since FreeBSD-11.
1618
161920180822:
1620	devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
1621	updated to use them and devmatch has been changed.  You should update
1622	kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
1623
162420180818:
1625	The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
1626	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
1627	interpreter.  If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
1628	LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
1629	src.conf for the build.  This will create default hard links between
1630	loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
1631	If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
1632
1633	bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
1634	regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
1635
163620180815:
1637	ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
1638	systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
1639	supported and desired.  If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
1640	be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
1641	environment, or using `ls --color=never`.  The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
1642	may not be observed in a future release.
1643
164420180808:
1645	The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less".  To
1646	restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
1647	your environment.
1648
164920180731:
1650	The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
1651	is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
1652	driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
1653	in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
1654
165520180730:
1656	amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
1657	This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
1658	EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
1659	has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
1660	runtime services.
1661
166220180727:
1663	Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
1664	support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
1665	obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
1666
166720180723:
1668	loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
1669	UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
1670	BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
1671	or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
1672	efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
1673
167420180720:
1675	zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
1676	zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
1677	boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
1678	hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
1679	until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
1680	zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
1681
168220180719:
1683	ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
1684	on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
1685	setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
1686	boot_serial=YES
1687	boot_multicons=YES
1688	in /boot/loader.conf
1689	For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
1690	an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
1691	u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
1692
169320180719:
1694	New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123).  Be sure to run mergemaster
1695	or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
1696	existing systems.  Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
1697	installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
1698	of this document.  Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
1699	if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
1700	the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
1701	When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
1702	still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
1703	taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
1704	by the ntpd user.
1705
170620180717:
1707	Big endian arm support has been removed.
1708
170920180711:
1710	The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
1711	exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default.  In order to
1712	restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
1713	environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
1714	loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
1715
171620180705:
1717	The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
1718	netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
1719	64-bit kernels without modification.  These programs will need
1720	to match the kernel in order to function.  External programs may
1721	require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
1722	structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
1723
172420180702:
1725	On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
1726	atomics will need to be rebuilt.
1727
172820180701:
1729	The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
1730	core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
1731	debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
1732	index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
1733	only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
1734	Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
1735	index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
1736
173720180630:
1738	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1739	6.0.1.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1740	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1741	or higher.
1742
174320180628:
1744	r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
1745	needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
1746	and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
1747	file.
1748
174920180612:
1750	r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
1751	need to be rebuilt.  r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
1752
175320180530:
1754	As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
1755	as /usr/bin/ld.  Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
1756	longer necessary.
1757
175820180530:
1759	The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
1760	need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
1761	lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
1762	not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
1763
176420180523:
1765	The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
1766	threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
1767	and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
1768	later than r334108.
1769
177020180517:
1771	The vxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was introduced into
1772	HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
1773	known to be used.  If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
1774	it must be removed.
1775
177620180510:
1777	The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
1778	working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
1779	on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
1780	it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
1781	way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
1782	binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
1783	will go away.
1784
1785	NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
1786	workaround is necessary.
1787
178820180508:
1789	The nxge(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for PCI-X 10g
1790	cards made by s2io/Neterion.  The company was acquired by Exar and
1791	no longer sells or supports Ethernet products.  If you have device
1792	nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1793
179420180504:
1795	The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e.  This version more
1796	correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
1797	Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
1798	Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017).  This does not affect the UT offsets, only
1799	time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
1800
180120180502:
1802	The ixgb(4) driver has been removed.  This driver was for an early and
1803	uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
1804	quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family.  If you have device
1805	ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
1806
180720180501:
1808	The lmc(4) driver has been removed.  This was a WAN interface
1809	card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
1810	license.  If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
1811	be removed.
1812
181320180413:
1814	Support for Arcnet networks has been removed.  If you have device
1815	arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
1816	removed.
1817
181820180411:
1819	Support for FDDI networks has been removed.  If you have device
1820	fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
1821	removed.
1822
182320180406:
1824	In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
1825	syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
1826	log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
1827	may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
1828	microseconds and time zone offsets.
1829
1830	Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
1831	send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
1832	daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
1833	negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
1834	updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
1835	logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
1836	adjustments, depending on the software used.
1837
1838	When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
1839	input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
1840
1841		source src {
1842			unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
1843		}
1844
1845	When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
1846	of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
1847	regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
1848
1849		module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
1850
1851	Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
1852	applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
1853	store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
1854	remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
1855	purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
1856	future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
1857	thus expected to continue to function as before.
1858
1859	__FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
1860	change.
1861
186220180328:
1863	Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
1864	have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
1865	it. No device drivers supported token ring.
1866
186720180323:
1868	makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
1869	entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
1870	The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
1871	release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
1872	updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
1873	should be as simple as:
1874
1875		$ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
1876		$ make depend all install
1877
187820180212:
1879	FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
1880	now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
1881	Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
1882	complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
1883	thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
1884	provisions for backup boot methods.
1885
188620180211:
1887	devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
1888	load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
1889	to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
1890	imp@freebsd.org.
1891
189220180114:
1893	Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
1894	6.0.0.  Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
1895	prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
1896	or higher.
1897
189820180110:
1899	LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
1900	This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
1901	executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
1902
1903	To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
1904	WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
1905
190620180110:
1907	On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
1908	into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
1909	still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
1910	remove it from kernel config files.
1911
191220180104:
1913	The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
1914	disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
1915	the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
1916
1917	This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
1918	net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
1919
192020180102:
1921	The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
1922	hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
1923	configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
1924	watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
1925
192620171215:
1927	r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
1928	r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
1929
193020171214:
1931	r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
1932	it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
1933	by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
1934	GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
1935
193620171125:
1937	PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
1938	installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
1939	changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
1940	successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
1941	root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
1942	Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
1943
194420171110:
1945	The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to
1946	WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
1947	to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
1948
194920171106:
1950	The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
1951	has been removed as of r325320.  The system call now returns EINVAL
1952	when used on a ZFS file.  Although the new behavior complies with the
1953	standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
1954	One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
1955
195620171102:
1957	Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
1958	directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
1959	'make obj' was not ran.  Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
1960	This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
1961	/etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
1962	environment.
1963
196420171101:
1965	The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
1966	builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
1967	/usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>.  This behavior can be changed to the old
1968	format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
1969	the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
1970	The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
1971	removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
1972	tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
1973	than hardcoding paths.
1974
197520171028:
1976	The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
1977	OBJDIR.  Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
1978	to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
1979
198020171021:
1981	As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
1982	options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
1983	to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
1984	shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
1985
198620171010:
1987	libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
1988	It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
1989
199020171005:
1991	The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
1992	a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
1993	and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
1994	MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
1995
199620171003:
1997	When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
1998	files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
1999	missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
2000	why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
2001	desired kernel was never built in the first place.
2002
200320170912:
2004	The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed.  This will
2005	affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
2006	or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers.  Users who
2007	require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
2008	/etc/ctl.conf .
2009
201020170912:
2011	For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
2012	binaries now always get their shared libraries from
2013	LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
2014	/usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
2015	soft-float everything else should be affected.
2016
201720170826:
2018	The geli password typed at boot is now hidden.  To restore the previous
2019	behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
2020
202120170825:
2022	Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
2023	sysctl values.  Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
2024	to complete.
2025
202620170814:
2027	"make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
2028	execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
2029	${TESTSDIR}.
2030
2031	Behavioral changes:
2032	- The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
2033	- ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
2034	- Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
2035	  WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
2036
2037	If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
2038	"make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
2039	sandbox if successful.
2040
2041	The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
2042	root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
2043	The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
2044	environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
2045	an unprivileged user.
2046
204720170808:
2048	Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
2049	unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
2050	the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
2051	moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
2052	Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
2053	will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
2054	created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
2055	created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
2056	foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
2057	starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
2058	to which you should answer yes.
2059
206020170728:
2061	As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
2062	Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
2063	owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
2064	the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
2065	machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
2066
206720170722:
2068	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
2069	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2070	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2071
207220170701:
2073	WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
2074	r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
2075
207620170625:
2077	The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t.  This is
2078	a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
2079	be careful when performing source upgrades.  It is best to run
2080	'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
2081	CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition.  Additionally, all ports
2082	must be recompiled.  powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
2083	of 32-bit compatibility.  All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
2084
208520170623:
2086	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
2087	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
2088	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
2089	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
2090	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
2091	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
2092
209320170620:
2094	Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
2095	if you require the GPL compiler.
2096
209720170619:
2098	Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
2099	will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
2100	fashion.  This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
2101	upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
2102	the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
2103	enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
2104
210520170618:
2106	The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
2107	was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
2108	ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
2109
211020170617:
2111	The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
2112	member to 64bit and adding ext fields.  For upgrade, same
2113	precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
2114	followed.
2115
211620170531:
2117	The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
2118	which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
2119	from ports (and recommends to install it).
2120	To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
2121	heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
2122	via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
2123
212420170524:
2125	The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
2126	smaller runtime footprint builds.  This is useful for embedded systems
2127	which only require one chipset support.
2128
2129	If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
2130
2131	if_ath_load="YES"
2132
2133	This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
2134	If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
2135	if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
2136
2137	If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS
2138	platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
2139
2140	* load ath_hal
2141	* load the chip modules in question
2142	* load ath_rate, ath_dfs
2143	* load ath_main
2144	* load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
2145	  bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
2146
2147	For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
2148
214920170523:
2150	The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
2151	a number of types to 64 bits.  Upgrading in place requires care and
2152	adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
2153
2154	If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
2155	COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
2156	system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
2157
2158	For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
2159	artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*".  Then, carefully follow the full
2160	procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
2161	install it on the current system."  Specifically, a reboot is required
2162	after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
2163	installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
2164	the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
2165	upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
2166
216720170424:
2168	The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
2169	patm(4) devices has been removed.  Consumers should plan a
2170	migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
2171
217220170420:
2173	GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
2174	diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
2175	GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
2176
217720170413:
2178	As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
2179	keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
2180	documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
2181	This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
2182	and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
2183	To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
2184	keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
2185
218620170407:
2187	arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
2188	instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
2189	installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
2190	CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
2191
219220170405:
2193	The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
2194	net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted.  L2 broadcast
2195	packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
2196
219720170331:
2198	Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
2199	use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
2200	instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
2201
220220170329:
2203	The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
2204	cfiscsi.ko does instead.
2205
2206	If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
2207	via one of the following methods:
2208	- `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
2209	- Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
2210	- ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
2211	  (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
2212
2213	Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
2214
221520170316:
2216	The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
2217	Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
2218	same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
2219	missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
2220	with mmc.ko).
2221
222220170315:
2223	The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
2224	If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
2225	them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
2226	be prefixed with colon.
2227
222820170311:
2229	The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
2230	removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
2231	(sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
2232
223320170302:
2234	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
2235	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2236	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2237
223820170221:
2239	The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
2240	has been reimplemented.  It's not possible now to create a snapshot
2241	by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/.  That should be the only user visible
2242	change.
2243
224420170216:
2245	EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
2246	valid.
2247
224820170215:
2249	MCA bus support has been removed.
2250
225120170127:
2252	The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
2253	WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
2254
225520170112:
2256	The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
2257	the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
2258
225920170109:
2260	The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
2261	IFLIB.  If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
2262	but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
2263	configuration.
2264
226520161217:
2266	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
2267	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2268	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2269
227020161124:
2271	Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
2272	Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
2273	and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
2274
227520161119:
2276	The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
2277	statistics at the front for all CPU variations.  libkvm(3) and all tools
2278	that link against it need to be recompiled.
2279
228020161030:
2281	isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
2282	chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
2283	On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
2284	device hints.  Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
2285
228620161017:
2287	The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
2288	rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
2289	parts.
2290	Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
2291	conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
2292
229320161015:
2294	GNU rcs has been removed from base.  It is available as packages:
2295	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
2296	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
2297	removed from base.
2298
229920161008:
2300	Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
2301	modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
2302	TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
2303
230420161003:
2305	The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
2306	ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
2307
230820160924:
2309	Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
2310	to use an extension of .pico instead.  The purpose of this change is
2311	to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
2312	systems.  On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
2313
231420160918:
2315	GNU rcs has been turned off by default.  It can (temporarily) be built
2316	again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
2317	Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
2318	- rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
2319	- rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
2320
232120160918:
2322	The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
2323
232420160908:
2325	The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
2326	two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
2327	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH.  Define both for the original
2328	QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
2329
233020160824:
2331	r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
2332	programs and the kernel.  ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
2333	rebuilt to work with new kernels.  __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
2334	to 1200005.
2335
233620160818:
2337	The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
2338	packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
2339	broadcast packets.  It is not expected that this will affect any
2340	standards-conforming UDP application.  The new behaviour can be
2341	disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
2342	0.
2343
234420160818:
2345	Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
2346	__FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
2347
234820160708:
2349	The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
2350
2351After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed
2352from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15,
2353entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's
2354UPDATING file.
2355
2356COMMON ITEMS:
2357
2358	General Notes
2359	-------------
2360	Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2361	poisoning.  This can happen because the make utility reads its
2362	environment when searching for values for global variables.  To run
2363	your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2364	commands with 'env -i '.  See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2365	Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2366	condition.  If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2367	report a bug if it happens consistently.
2368
2369	When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2370	upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2371	do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2372	and has the highest probability of being successful.  Please try this
2373	approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade.  Since
2374	the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2375	anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2376	last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2377	an exception.
2378
2379	The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2380	or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2381	When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2382	major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2383	step.
2384
2385	When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2386	installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2387	around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2388	starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2389
2390	This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2391	information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2392	Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2393	placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2394	older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2395	should write them with this in mind.
2396
2397	ZFS notes
2398	---------
2399	When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade),
2400	always follow these three steps:
2401
2402	1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2403	(this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2404
2405	2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when
2406	doing a zpool upgrade):
2407
2408	When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot
2409	block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2410		gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0
2411	The value $N will typically be 1.  For EFI booting, see EFI notes.
2412
2413	3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old
2414	pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any
2415	zpool upgrade.
2416
2417	Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2418
2419	EFI notes
2420	---------
2421
2422	There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The
2423	current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using
2424	efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on
2425	deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the
2426	fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy
2427	/boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time
2428	ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless
2429	the ESP has been expanded in the meantime.
2430
2431	Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones
2432	may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different
2433	location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the
2434	mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem.
2435
2436	The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting,
2437	however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the
2438	root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool
2439	since it does not automatically understand some new features.
2440
2441	See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details.
2442
2443	To build a kernel
2444	-----------------
2445	If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2446	a few days old), you should follow this procedure.  It is the most
2447	failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2448
2449	make kernel-toolchain
2450	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2451	make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2452
2453	If you are running kernel modules from ports, see FOOTNOTE [1].
2454
2455	To test a kernel once
2456	---------------------
2457	If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2458	if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2459	debugging information) run
2460	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2461	nextboot -k testkernel
2462
2463	To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2464	-----------------------------------------------------------
2465	# Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2466	# is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2467
2468	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>		[2]
2469	make buildworld
2470	<make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set>	[1]
2471	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2472	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2473	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2474	etcupdate -p					[5]
2475	make installworld
2476	etcupdate -B					[4]
2477	make delete-old					[6]
2478	<reboot>
2479
2480	To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2481	--------------------------------------------------
2482	# In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2483	# current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories.   A partition
2484	# holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2485	# size.
2486
2487	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2488	<boot into -stable>
2489	make buildworld
2490	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[1]
2491	<maybe newfs current's root partition>
2492	<mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2493	make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2494	make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2495	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2496	cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab 		   # if newfs'd
2497	<edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2498	<reboot into current>
2499	<do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2500	<maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2501	<reboot>
2502
2503
2504	To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2505	----------------------------------------------
2506	<make sure you have good level 0 dumps>		[2]
2507	make buildworld					[9]
2508	<make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set>	[1]
2509	make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE	[8]
2510	make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2511	<reboot in single user>				[3]
2512	etcupdate -p					[5]
2513	make installworld
2514	etcupdate -B					[4]
2515	make delete-old					[6]
2516	<reboot>
2517
2518	Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2519	tweaks to various things you need.  At this point in the life
2520	cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2521	to cope.  The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2522	the UPDATING entries.
2523
2524	Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2525	freebsd-current@freebsd.org.  Make sure that before you update
2526	your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2527	messages there.  If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2528	much fewer pitfalls.
2529
2530FOOTNOTES:
2531
2532	[1] If you have third party modules, such as drm-kmod or vmware, you
2533	should disable them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2534	reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2535	your system and install them as well.  If you are running -current, you
2536	should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2537	your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2538	happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2539	the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2540	and effective, eg:
2541	     PORTS_MODULES+=graphics/drm-kmod graphics/nvidia-drm-kmod
2542
2543	[2] To make complete dumps on zfs(4), use bectl(8), which
2544	creates bootable snapshots of configurable depth that are
2545	selectable via the bootloader. For ufs(4), use dump(8) and
2546	restore(8).
2547
2548	[3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2549		fsck -p
2550		mount -u /
2551		mount -a
2552		sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start	# mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2553		cd src			# full path to source
2554		adjkerntz -i		# if CMOS is wall time
2555	Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2556	into single user mode to do the installworld.
2557
2558	[4] Note: This step is non-optional.  Failure to do this step
2559	can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2560	system.  Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2561	that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2562	as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2563	for potential gotchas.  See etcupdate(8) for more information.
2564
2565	[5] Usually this step is a no-op.  However, from time to time
2566	you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2567	step.
2568
2569	[6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2570	can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2571	sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2572
2573	[8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2574	installworld.  When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2575	configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2576	existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries).  Failure
2577	to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2578	GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2579	binaries from older branches.  Note that the ability to run binaries
2580	from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2581
2582	Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2583	last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2584	change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2585	for these as well.
2586
2587	[9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2588	"?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2589	override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2590
2591	MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2592	not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf.  buildworld will
2593	warn if it is improperly defined.
2594FORMAT:
2595
2596This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2597breakages in tracking -current.  It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2598list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2599If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2600to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2601
2602Copyright information:
2603
2604Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2605
2606Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2607modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2608document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2609
2610THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2611IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2612WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2613DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2614INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2615(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2616SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2617HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2618STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2619IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2620POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2621
2622Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
2623this document.
2624