1Updating Information for FreeBSD current users. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade. 13 14NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping 15from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to 16the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from 17older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile. 18 19NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 11.x IS SLOW: 20 FreeBSD 11.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 21 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 22 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 23 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 24 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 25 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 26 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 27 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 28 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 29 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 30 debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely 31 disable the most expensive debugging functionality run 32 "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 33 3420150415: 35 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with 36 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards. 37 3820150416: 39 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding 40 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now 41 enforced in src.libnames.mk. 42 4320150324: 44 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers 45 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4). 46 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely, 47 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively. 48 4920150315: 50 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see 51 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and 52 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher. 53 5420150307: 55 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent 56 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8) 57 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and 58 kernel before rebooting. 59 6020150217: 61 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014), 62 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately 63 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g. 64 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that 65 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random 66 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected. 67 6820150210: 69 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility 70 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work 71 with the new kernel. 72 7320150131: 74 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent 75 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8), 76 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting. 77 7820150118: 79 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix 80 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231 81 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you 82 are not already using 3.5.0. 83 8420150107: 85 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now 86 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They 87 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support. 88 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the 89 binutils tools, if necessary. 90 9120150105: 92 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control 93 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the 94 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration 95 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root. 96 9720150102: 98 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed. 99 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports. 100 10120141231: 102 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release. 103 104 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is 105 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to 106 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with 107 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler 108 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your 109 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or 110 later. 111 112 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and 113 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out 114 of the box. 115 116 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and 117 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be 118 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are 119 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++. 120 121 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow 122 the instructions for 9.x above. 123 124 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by 125 default, and do not build clang. 126 127 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to 128 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those 129 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround. 130 131 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which 132 the following are most likely to appear: 133 134 -Wabsolute-value 135 136 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++: 137 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned 138 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was 139 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are 140 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without 141 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit 142 cast, or disable the warning. 143 144 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called 145 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation. 146 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please 147 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted 148 side-effects. 149 150 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and 151 -Wundefined-bool-conversion 152 153 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while 154 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is 155 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this 156 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions. 157 158 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off 159 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result 160 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are 161 unreachable could be optimized away. 162 16320141222: 164 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER) 165 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some 166 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later. 167 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail. 168 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used, 169 the utilities will report errors. 170 17120141121: 172 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of 173 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent 174 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with 175 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent 176 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to 177 LOCAL_DIRS. 178 17920141109: 180 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith 181 has been obsolete for a very long time. 182 18320141104: 184 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings 185 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as 186 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video 187 drivers. 188 189 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf, 190 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will 191 indicate what you need to do. 192 193 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to 194 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information: 195 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons 196 197 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding 198 the following line to /boot/loader.conf: 199 kern.vty=sc 200 20120141102: 202 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite. 203 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to 204 execute it. 205 20620141009: 207 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures 208 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the 209 devel/gperf port. 210 21120140923: 212 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to 213 contrib/pjdfstest . 214 21520140922: 216 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted 217 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure 218 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports, 219 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are 220 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during 221 their next update cycle. 222 22320140729: 224 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when 225 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This 226 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from 227 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to 228 1.12.4_8 or newer. 229 23020140723: 231 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and 232 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH. 233 23420140719: 235 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address 236 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private 237 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run 238 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your 239 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the 240 new configuration. 241 24220140709: 243 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed 244 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install 245 them again. 246 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal 247 24820140708: 249 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is 250 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base 251 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The 252 devel/readline port is available for third party software that 253 requires readline. 254 25520140702: 256 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of 257 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the 258 architecture. 259 26020140701: 261 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from 262 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the 263 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full 264 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary. 265 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 266 26720140629: 268 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed 269 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning 270 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.) 271 27220140619: 273 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to 274 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm 275 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 276 27720140606: 278 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and 279 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of 280 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the 281 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private 282 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a 283 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test 284 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a 285 "make installworld". 286 287 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into 288 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the 289 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old" 290 is run. 291 292 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object 293 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures. 294 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced 295 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will 296 be removed during a clean upgrade. 297 29820140512: 299 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release. 300 30120140508: 302 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should 303 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to 304 ObsoleteFiles.inc). 305 30620140505: 307 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the 308 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old 309 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this 310 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf 311 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the 312 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual 313 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that. 314 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios, 315 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of 316 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld 317 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this 318 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree. 319 320 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk 321 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to 322 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk 323 as well. 324 32520140430: 326 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a 327 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped. 328 32920140424: 330 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls 331 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1) 332 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a 333 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for 334 build hosts for older releases. 335 336 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and 337 r276991, respectively. 338 33920140418: 340 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for 341 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds 342 will silently lack HESIOD. 343 34420140405: 345 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling 346 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented 347 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL 348 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make 349 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot. 350 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is 351 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal 352 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact. 353 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the 354 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to 355 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g: 356 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure 357 35820140306: 359 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default 360 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind 361 with command line option -W. 362 36320140226: 364 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream 365 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need 366 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps 367 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail 368 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler. 369 37020140216: 371 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release. 372 37320140216: 374 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver 375 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead. 376 37720140212: 378 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283. 379 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built 380 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility 381 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built 382 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled. 383 38420140204: 385 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum 386 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in 387 kernel is still highly recommended. 388 38920140131: 390 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as 391 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum 392 capability mode support in kernel. 393 39420140128: 395 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer 396 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for 397 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries 398 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled. 399 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006. 400 40120140110: 402 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile 403 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such 404 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during 405 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual 406 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN: 407 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f 408 40920131213: 410 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism 411 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string 412 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function. 413 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of 414 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will 415 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change. 416 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a 417 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402. 418 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004. 419 42020131108: 421 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality 422 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were 423 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you 424 should change your settings to use the latter. 425 42620131025: 427 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from 428 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary 429 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding 430 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the 431 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree. 432 43320131014: 434 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private. 435 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg 436 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make 437 delete-old-libs": 438 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean 439 or 440 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml 441 44220131010: 443 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8) 444 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables 445 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to 446 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked. 447 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some 448 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details. 449 450 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration 451 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate 452 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without 453 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the 454 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by 455 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables. 456 457 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at 458 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name 459 with an integer. 460 46120130930: 462 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need 463 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound 464 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are 465 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example. 466 467 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base 468 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are 469 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can 470 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port. 471 47220130916: 473 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now 474 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 475 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 476 47720130911: 478 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default 479 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with 480 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support 481 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf. 482 48320130906: 484 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++) 485 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system 486 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX 487 options in src.conf. 488 48920130905: 490 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel 491 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work. 492 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include 493 'options PROCDESC'. 494 49520130905: 496 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified 497 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs 498 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the 499 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is 500 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl, 501 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq. 502 50320130903: 504 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module 505 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build 506 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64. 507 50820130821: 509 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices. 510 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be 511 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG". 512 51320130813: 514 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now 515 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default. 516 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time 517 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way. 518 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely 519 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT. 520 52120130806: 522 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and 523 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your 524 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG 525 explicitly. 526 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS) 527 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of 528 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false 529 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS 530 can be used to achieve the previous behavior. 531 53220130806: 533 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead 534 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional 535 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8), 536 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated 537 to r253970 or later. 538 53920130802: 540 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments, 541 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did 542 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message 543 would result: 544 545 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe 546 547 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented 548 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing 549 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the 550 old as well as the new version of find. 551 55220130726: 553 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed. 554 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs 555 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by 556 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs 557 subdirectories must be reviewed. 558 55920130716: 560 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is 561 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will 562 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel. 563 564 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set. 565 566 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and 567 users are advised to upgrade. 568 56920130709: 570 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it 571 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5). 572 57320130709: 574 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able 575 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking 576 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.) 577 57820130629: 579 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ; 580 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous. 581 582 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9 583 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid 584 overloading the machine. 585 58620130618: 587 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write 588 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space 589 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had 590 write access to that file. 591 59220130615: 593 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy 594 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port. 595 59620130613: 597 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake: 598 599 make: illegal option -- J 600 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable] 601 ... 602 *** [buildworld] Error code 2 603 604 this likely due to an old instance of make in 605 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE}) 606 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if 607 you see the above error: 608 609 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH` 610 611 should resolve it. 612 61320130516: 614 Use bmake by default. 615 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via 616 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old 617 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE. 618 619 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command 620 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the 621 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer 622 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent 623 behavior in parallel build. 624 62520130429: 626 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files. 627 62820130426: 629 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because 630 the IDEA patent expired. 631 63220130426: 633 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed 634 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been 635 enabled by default. 636 63720130425: 638 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX 639 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in 640 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as 641 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where 642 the install command does not support -l, you will need to 643 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required. 644 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster 645 && make install). 646 64720130404: 648 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since 649 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules 650 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are 651 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled 652 and removed. 653 65420130319: 655 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2) 656 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may 657 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting 658 binaries will not work on older kernels. 659 66020130308: 661 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further 662 information, see the respective 20130304 entry). 663 66420130304: 665 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout, 666 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions 667 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced 668 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild 669 is requested. 670 671 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64, 672 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE 673 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE 674 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0 675 in /boot/loader.conf. 676 67720130301: 678 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64. 679 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system 680 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if 681 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system 682 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM. 683 68420130208: 685 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please 686 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information. 687 688 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 689 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 690 69120130129: 692 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed 693 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch. 694 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default, 695 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild 696 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set. 697 69820130121: 699 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build 700 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL 701 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the 702 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs 703 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or 704 /etc/src.conf. 705 70620130118: 707 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an 708 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the 709 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line 710 and the command line contained at least two files and a target 711 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M 712 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its 713 use is expected to be extremely rare. 714 71520121223: 716 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS 717 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics. 718 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations. 719 72020121222: 721 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata. 722 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters, 723 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to 724 be updated. 725 72620121217: 727 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To 728 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps 729 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf: 730 731 savecore_flags="" 732 73320121201: 734 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now 735 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to 736 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook. 737 73820121117: 739 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now 740 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via 741 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope 742 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application. 743 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid. 744 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025. 745 74620121105: 747 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default. 748 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang 749 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++, 750 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building 751 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions 752 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang 753 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable 754 branch point). 755 75620121102: 757 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its 758 functionality now turned on by default. 759 76020121023: 761 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and 762 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP. 763 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write 764 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes. 765 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current 766 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage. 767 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under 768 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal 769 of the two kernel options. 770 77120121023: 772 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte 773 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together 774 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4), 775 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4). 776 77720121022: 778 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The 779 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be 780 recompiled. 781 78220121018: 783 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from 784 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs, 785 portalfs, smbfs, xfs. 786 78720121016: 788 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following 789 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel: 790 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4), 791 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4), 792 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4). 793 79420121015: 795 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host 796 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver). 797 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you 798 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead. 799 80020121014: 801 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system. 802 80320121013: 804 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed 805 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious 806 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT 807 knob has also gone. 808 80920121006: 810 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet 811 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled 812 with new kernel. 813 81420121001: 815 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver 816 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be 817 recompiled to work with the new kernel. 818 81920120913: 820 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number 821 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally. 822 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if 823 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the 824 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel 825 configurations. 826 82720120908: 828 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and 829 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel. 830 83120120828: 832 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged 833 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be 834 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support 835 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5) 836 manual page. 837 83820120727: 839 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto- 840 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these 841 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable. 842 84320120712: 844 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring 845 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are 846 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf. 847 84820120712: 849 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency 850 with other variables: 851 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered 852 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered 853 85420120628: 855 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort 856 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to 857 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be 858 installed as "bsdsort". 859 86020120611: 861 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD. 862 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning 863 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward 864 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS 865 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools 866 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information 867 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page. 868 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information 869 on upgrading boot ZFS pools. 870 87120120417: 872 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported 873 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to 874 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf, 875 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the 876 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details 877 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL 878 NAMESPACE section). 879 88020120328: 881 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb 882 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is 883 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party 884 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian 885 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine 886 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in 887 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine. 888 88920120306: 890 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported 891 platforms. 892 89320120229: 894 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously 895 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer, 896 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect 897 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect 898 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the 899 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to. 900 90120120211: 902 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored. 903 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to 904 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile 905 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already 906 comes from 20111215. 907 90820120114: 909 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All 910 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a 911 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either 912 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port. 913 914 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d: 915 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i 916 91720120109: 918 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts 919 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running. 920 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic 921 tunable/sysctl. 922 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic. 923 92420111215: 925 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration 926 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format 927 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages 928 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently 929 not supported anymore. 930 931 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User 932 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8), 933 need to be recompiled. 934 93520111122: 936 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to 937 /dev/wmistat0. 938 93920111108: 940 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to 941 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems. 942 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present 943 time. 944 94520111101: 946 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64, 947 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files. 948 94920110930: 950 sysinstall has been removed 951 95220110923: 953 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the 954 RELENG_9 branch in CVS. 955 956COMMON ITEMS: 957 958 General Notes 959 ------------- 960 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are 961 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with 962 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there 963 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This 964 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one 965 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when 966 several months have passed on the -current branch). 967 968 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 969 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 970 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 971 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 972 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 973 974 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best 975 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, 976 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade 977 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try 978 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade. 979 980 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 981 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 982 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 983 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 984 985 ZFS notes 986 --------- 987 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow 988 these two steps: 989 990 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 991 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 992 993 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive 994 995 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first 996 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 997 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0" 998 999 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1000 1001 To build a kernel 1002 ----------------- 1003 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1004 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1005 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1006 1007 make kernel-toolchain 1008 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1009 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1010 1011 To test a kernel once 1012 --------------------- 1013 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1014 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1015 debugging information) run 1016 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1017 nextboot -k testkernel 1018 1019 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up 1020 -------------------------------------------------------------- 1021 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace 1022 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386", 1023 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc). 1024 1025 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf 1026 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1027 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE 1028 make depend 1029 make 1030 make install 1031 1032 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section. 1033 1034 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1035 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1036 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1037 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1038 1039 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1040 make buildworld 1041 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1042 [1] 1043 <reboot in single user> [3] 1044 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1045 make installworld 1046 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1047 make delete-old [6] 1048 <reboot> 1049 1050 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1051 -------------------------------------------------- 1052 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1053 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1054 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1055 # size. 1056 1057 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1058 <boot into -stable> 1059 make buildworld 1060 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1061 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1062 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1063 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1064 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1065 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1066 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1067 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1068 <reboot into current> 1069 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1070 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1071 <reboot> 1072 1073 1074 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1075 ---------------------------------------------- 1076 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1077 make buildworld [9] 1078 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1079 [1] 1080 <reboot in single user> [3] 1081 mergemaster -Fp [5] 1082 make installworld 1083 mergemaster -Fi [4] 1084 make delete-old [6] 1085 <reboot> 1086 1087 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1088 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1089 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1090 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1091 the UPDATING entries. 1092 1093 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1094 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1095 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1096 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1097 much fewer pitfalls. 1098 1099 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you 1100 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your 1101 system on reboot. 1102 1103 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1104 fsck -p 1105 mount -u / 1106 mount -a 1107 cd src 1108 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1109 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that 1110 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld. 1111 1112 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1113 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1114 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1115 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1116 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1117 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider. 1118 See mergemaster(8) for more information. 1119 1120 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time 1121 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1122 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to 1123 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make 1124 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated 1125 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430. 1126 1127 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1128 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1129 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1130 1131 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to 1132 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in 1133 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is 1134 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is 1135 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on 1136 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7. 1137 1138 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 1139 last time you updated your kernel config file. 1140 1141 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have 1142 cvs prune empty directories. 1143 1144 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 1145 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 1146 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 1147 1148 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 1149 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 1150 warn if it is improperly defined. 1151FORMAT: 1152 1153This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 1154breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 1155list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007. 1156If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 1157to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 1158 1159Copyright information: 1160 1161Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved. 1162 1163Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 1164modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 1165document are permitted without further permission from the author. 1166 1167THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 1168IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 1169WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 1170DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 1171INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 1172(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 1173SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 1174HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 1175STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 1176IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 1177POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 1178 1179Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 1180this document. 1181 1182$FreeBSD$ 1183