1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 15.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 15.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020230914: 31 Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by 32 default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf. 33 3420230909: 35 Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which 36 belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module 37 loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are 38 corresponding kernel environment variables. 39 4020230901: 41 The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have 42 been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively. 43 4420230824: 45 FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT. 46 4720230817: 48 Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has 49 been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry 50 practice and typcial firmware serial console redirection 51 configuration. 52 53 Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not 54 support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may 55 set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot 56 components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start 57 with the serial port at 115200. 58 5920230807: 60 Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus- 61 frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is 62 integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's 63 no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or 64 "device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration. 65 6620230803: 67 MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config. 68 Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt. 69 7020230724: 71 CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g 72 to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional 73 BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems 74 for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of 75 the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces. 76 7720230629: 78 The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires 79 atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional 80 change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please 81 file a PR and assign it to imp. 82 8320230623: 84 OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout 85 the base system. It is important to rebuild third-party software 86 after upgrading. 87 8820230619: 89 To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf 90 filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered 91 locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets 92 delivered to lo0. To enable this feature: 93 94 sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1 95 service pf restart 96 97 When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not 98 filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule. 99 10020230613: 101 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now 102 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+ 103 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single 104 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't 105 already properly quoted or escaped. 106 10720230612: 108 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda. 109 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a 110 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1 111 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel 112 config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add 113 kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf. The default has been nda on 114 all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back, 115 please email imp@freebsd.org about why. 116 117 Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you 118 migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd. 119 12020230422: 121 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree 122 using git instead. 123 12420230420: 125 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging 126 eg. 127 make buildworld-jobs 128 runs 129 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1 130 131 where JOB_MAX is derrived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env. 132 13320230316: 134 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed. 135 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 136 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and 137 "device imx6_ipu" to it. 138 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 139 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it. 140 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't 141 exist anymore. 142 14320230221: 144 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 145 for details. 146 14720230206: 148 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 149 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 150 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 151 15220230204: 153 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 154 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 155 15620230130: 157 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 158 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 159 to complile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 160 16120230126: 162 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 163 system are now built unconditionally. 164 16520230113: 166 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 167 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 168 16920221212: 170 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 171 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 172 173 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 174 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 175 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 176 17720221205: 178 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 179 to reenable sendmail(8): 180 181 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 182 183 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 184 18520221204: 186 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 187 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 188 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 189 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 190 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 191 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 192 193 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 194 19520221122: 196 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 197 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 198 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 199 20020221121: 201 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 202 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 203 20420221026: 205 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 206 for pkgbase users to do: 207 208 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 209 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 210 211 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 212 installed. 213 21420221002: 215 OPIE has been removed from the base system. If needed, it can 216 be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie). 217 Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference 218 pam_opie or pam_opieaccess. 219 22020220610: 221 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 222 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 223 22420211230: 225 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 226 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 227 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 228 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 229 reflect this change. 230 23120211214: 232 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 233 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 234 23520211209: 236 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 237 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 238 the coming days and weeks. 239 240 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 241 or touch 242 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 243 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 244 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 245 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 246 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 247 24820211202: 249 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 250 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 251 statement in unbound.conf: 252 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 253 254 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 255 256 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 257 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 258 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 259 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 260 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 261 such names when roaming to different homenets. 262 26320211110: 264 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 265 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 266 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 267 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 268 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 269 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 270 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 271 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 272 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 273 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 274 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 275 27620211118: 277 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 278 tree shortly. 279 28020211106: 281 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 282 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 283 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 284 may need to be modified. 285 28620211022: 287 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 288 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 289 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 290 29120211020: 292 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 293 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 294 295 # chsh -s csh 296 29720211004: 298 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 299 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 300 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 301 this change. 302 30320210923: 304 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 305 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 306 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 307 list of modules to load on their systems. 308 30920210922: 310 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 311 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 312 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 313 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 314 31520210911: 316 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 317 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 318 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 319 being loaded. 320 32120210817: 322 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 323 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 324 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 325 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 326 application-specific configuration option for applications 327 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 328 32920210811: 330 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 331 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 332 33320210730: 334 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 335 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 336 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 337 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 338 33920210729: 340 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 341 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 342 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 343 34420210716: 345 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 346 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 347 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 348 34920210715: 350 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 351 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 352 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 353 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 354 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 355 to update your sources past the above hash and do 356 % cd usr.bin/awk 357 % make clean all 358 % sudo -E make install 359 to enable building kernels again. 360 36120210708: 362 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 363 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 364 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 365 36620210707: 367 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 368 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 369 37020210624: 371 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 372 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 373 for NFSv4 mounts. 374 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 375 37620210618: 377 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 378 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 379 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 380 additions and others. 381 38220210618: 383 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 384 renamed to "untrusted". 385 38620210611: 387 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 388 please install the svn package or port. 389 39020210611: 391 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 392 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 393 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 394 39520210610: 396 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 397 39820210608: 399 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 400 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 401https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 402 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 403 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 404 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 405 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 406 40720210525: 408 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 409 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 410 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 411 detect this. 412 41320210513: 414 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 415 libraries and utilities are packaged. 416 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 417 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 418 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 419 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 420 on the system. 421 42220210426: 423 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 424 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 425 need to be rebuilt from sources. 426 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 427 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 428 is not recommended. 429 43020210411: 431 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 432 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 433 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 434 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 435 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 436 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 437 43820210330: 439 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 440 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 441 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 442 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 443 44420210225: 445 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 446 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 447 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 448 44920210128: 450 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 451 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 452 update. 453 45420210108: 455 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 456 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 457 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 458 since it was bumped so recently. 459 46020210107: 461 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 462 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 463 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 464 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 465 46620210105: 467 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 468 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 469 requires a clean build. 470 47120201223: 472 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 473 instructions can be found at 474 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 475 and other documents in that repo. 476 47720201216: 478 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 479 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 480 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 481 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 482 48320201215: 484 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 485 may be installed from ports or packages. 486 48720201124: 488 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 489 See ping(8) for details. 490 49120201108: 492 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 493 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 494 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 495 49620201030: 497 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 498 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 499 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 500 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 501 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 502 50320201026: 504 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 505 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 506 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 507 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 508 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 509 find. 510 51120200923: 512 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 513 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 514 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 515 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 516 517 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 518 command you want to un-auger the tree is 519 cd sys/amd64/conf 520 svn revert -R . 521 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 522 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 523 52420200824: 525 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 526 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 527 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 528 unless you want to use new features. 529 530 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 531 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 532 rebuilding world may fail. 533 534 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 535 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 536 537 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 538 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 539 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 540 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 541 54220200824: 543 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 544 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 545 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 546 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 547 54820200821: 549 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 550 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 551 sources. 552 55320200817: 554 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 555 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 556 55720200816: 558 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 559 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 560 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 561 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 562 56320200810: 564 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 565 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 566 from sources, so a version bump was done. 567 56820200807: 569 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 570 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 571 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 572 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 573 57420200729: 575 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 576 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 577 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 578 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 579 continue to function. 580 581 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 582 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 583 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 584 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 585 58620200627: 587 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 588 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 589 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 590 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 591 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 592 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 593 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 594 59520200625: 596 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 597 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 598 59920200613: 600 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 601 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 602 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 603 60420200604: 605 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 606 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 607 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 608 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 609 610 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 611 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 612 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 613 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 614 /root/.shrc. 615 61620200523: 617 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 618 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 619 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 620 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 621 62220200512: 623 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 624 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 625 62620200424: 627 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 628 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 629 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 630 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 631 be functional without closefrom(2). 632 63320200414: 634 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 635 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 636 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 637 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 638 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 639 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 640 64120200310: 642 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 643 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 644 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 645 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 646 64720200309: 648 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 649 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 650 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 651 65220200301: 653 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 654 65520200229: 656 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 657 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 658 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 659 66020200229: 661 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 662 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 663 66420200229: 665 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 666 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 667 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 668 ports or packages. 669 67020200220: 671 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 672 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 673 ncurses. 674 67520200217: 676 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 677 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 678 together with their new kernel. 679 68020200212: 681 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 682 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 683 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 684 685 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 686 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 687 68820200108: 689 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 690 linker for riscv64. 691 69220200107: 693 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 694 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 695 external toolchain package. 696 69720200104: 698 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 699 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 700 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 701 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 702 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 703 70420200102: 705 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 706 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 707 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 708 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 709 71020191226: 711 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 712 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 713 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 714 ABI. 715 71620191226: 717 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 718 71920191222: 720 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 721 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 722 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 723 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 724 72520191212: 726 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 727 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 728 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 729 73020191205: 731 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 732 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 733 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 734 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 735 differences between those included in the port and those included in 736 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 737 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 738 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 739 74020191120: 741 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 742 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 743 for automounting. 744 74520191107: 746 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 747 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 748 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 749 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 750 add superio to the set. 751 75220191021: 753 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 754 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 755 75620191021: 757 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 758 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 759 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 760 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 761 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 762 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 763 completely in the future. 764 76520191009: 766 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 767 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 768 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 769 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 770 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 771 will be removed from the list. 772 77320191009: 774 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 775 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 776 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 777 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 778 77920191003: 780 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 781 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 782 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 783 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 784 78520190913: 786 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 787 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 788 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 789 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 790 79120190823: 792 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 793 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 794 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 795 79620190727: 797 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 798 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 799 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 800 your scripts, because they had no effect. 801 802 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 803 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 804 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 805 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 806 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 807 80820190713: 809 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 810 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 811 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 812 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 813 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 814 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 815 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 816 81720190620: 818 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 819 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 820 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 821 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 822 82320190612: 824 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 825 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 826 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 827 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 828 82920190608: 830 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 831 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 832 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 833 83420190513: 835 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 836 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 837 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 838 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 839 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 840 avoid running into the limit. 841 84220190507: 843 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 844 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 845 84620190507: 847 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 848 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 849 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 850 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 851 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 852 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 853 85420190418: 855 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 856 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 857 entropy: 858 859 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 860 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 861 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 862 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 863 availability properties. 864 865 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 866 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 867 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 868 initial condition, if desired. 869 870 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 871 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 872 873 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 874 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 875 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 876 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 877 87820190416: 879 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 880 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 881 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 882 therefore unblocked). 883 88420190404: 885 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 886 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 887 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 888 is added to the command line. 889 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 890 not affected and should continue to work. 891 89220190320: 893 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 894 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 895 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 896 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 897 89820190304: 899 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 900 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 901 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 902 or higher. 903 90420190226: 905 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 906 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 907 kernel config. 908 90920190219: 910 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 911 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 912 migrating to the drm ports. 913 91420190131: 915 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 916 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 917 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 918 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 919 is loaded automatically. 920 92120190125: 922 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 923 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 924 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 925 kernel config files. 926 92720181230: 928 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 929 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 930 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 931 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 932 93320181220: 934 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 935 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 936 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 937 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 938 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 939 most NFSv4 mounts. 940 94120181219: 942 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 943 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 944 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 945 946 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 947 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 948 949 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 950 removed from the mips port. 951 95220181211: 953 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 954 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 955 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 956 or higher. 957 95820181211: 959 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 960 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 961 96220181126: 963 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 964 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 965 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 966 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 967 96820181123: 969 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 970 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 971 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 972 97320181115: 974 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 975 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 976 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 977 FreeBSD versions. 978 97920181110: 980 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 981 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 982 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 983 984 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 985 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 986 being included using the command: 987 $ newsyslog -Nrv 988 98920181015: 990 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 991 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 992 drm-legacy-kmod. 993 994 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 995 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 996 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 997 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 998 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 999 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 1000 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 1001 that as you will get better support. 1002 1003 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 1004 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 1005 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 1006 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 1007 1008 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 1009 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 1010 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 1011 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 1012 shortly. 1013 101420181012: 1015 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 1016 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 1017 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 1018 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 1019 be adjusted as necessary. 1020 102120181009: 1022 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 1023 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 1024 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 1025 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 1026 102720181006: 1028 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 1029 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 1030 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 1031 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 1032 encouraged. 1033 103420181002: 1035 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 1036 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 1037 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 1038 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 1039 nda device name. 1040 104120180913: 1042 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 1043 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 1044 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 1045 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 1046 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 1047 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 1048 104920180826: 1050 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 1051 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 1052 default since FreeBSD-11. 1053 105420180822: 1055 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 1056 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 1057 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 1058 105920180818: 1060 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 1061 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 1062 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 1063 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 1064 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 1065 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 1066 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 1067 1068 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 1069 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 1070 107120180815: 1072 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 1073 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 1074 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 1075 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 1076 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 1077 may not be observed in a future release. 1078 107920180808: 1080 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 1081 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 1082 your environment. 1083 108420180731: 1085 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 1086 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 1087 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 1088 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 1089 109020180730: 1091 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 1092 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 1093 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 1094 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 1095 runtime services. 1096 109720180727: 1098 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 1099 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 1100 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 1101 110220180723: 1103 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 1104 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 1105 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 1106 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 1107 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 1108 110920180720: 1110 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 1111 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 1112 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 1113 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 1114 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 1115 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 1116 111720180719: 1118 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1119 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1120 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1121 boot_serial=YES 1122 boot_multicons=YES 1123 in /boot/loader.conf 1124 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1125 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1126 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1127 112820180719: 1129 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1130 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1131 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1132 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1133 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1134 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1135 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1136 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1137 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1138 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1139 by the ntpd user. 1140 114120180717: 1142 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1143 114420180711: 1145 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1146 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1147 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1148 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1149 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1150 115120180705: 1152 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1153 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1154 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1155 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1156 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1157 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1158 115920180702: 1160 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1161 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1162 116320180701: 1164 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1165 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1166 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1167 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1168 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1169 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1170 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1171 117220180630: 1173 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1174 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1175 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1176 or higher. 1177 117820180628: 1179 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1180 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1181 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1182 file. 1183 118420180612: 1185 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1186 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1187 118820180530: 1189 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1190 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1191 longer necessary. 1192 119320180530: 1194 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1195 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1196 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1197 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1198 119920180523: 1200 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1201 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1202 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1203 later than r334108. 1204 120520180517: 1206 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1207 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1208 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1209 it must be removed. 1210 121120180510: 1212 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1213 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1214 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1215 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1216 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1217 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1218 will go away. 1219 1220 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1221 workaround is necessary. 1222 122320180508: 1224 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1225 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1226 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1227 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1228 122920180504: 1230 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1231 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1232 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1233 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1234 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1235 123620180502: 1237 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1238 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1239 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1240 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1241 124220180501: 1243 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1244 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1245 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1246 be removed. 1247 124820180413: 1249 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1250 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1251 removed. 1252 125320180411: 1254 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1255 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1256 removed. 1257 125820180406: 1259 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1260 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1261 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1262 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1263 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1264 1265 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1266 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1267 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1268 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1269 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1270 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1271 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1272 1273 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1274 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1275 1276 source src { 1277 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1278 } 1279 1280 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1281 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1282 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1283 1284 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1285 1286 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1287 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1288 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1289 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1290 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1291 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1292 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1293 1294 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1295 change. 1296 129720180328: 1298 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1299 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1300 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1301 130220180323: 1303 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1304 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1305 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1306 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1307 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1308 should be as simple as: 1309 1310 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1311 $ make depend all install 1312 131320180212: 1314 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1315 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1316 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1317 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1318 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1319 provisions for backup boot methods. 1320 132120180211: 1322 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1323 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1324 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1325 imp@freebsd.org. 1326 132720180114: 1328 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1329 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1330 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1331 or higher. 1332 133320180110: 1334 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1335 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1336 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1337 1338 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1339 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1340 134120180110: 1342 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1343 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1344 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1345 remove it from kernel config files. 1346 134720180104: 1348 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1349 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1350 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1351 1352 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1353 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1354 135520180102: 1356 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1357 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1358 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1359 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1360 136120171215: 1362 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1363 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1364 136520171214: 1366 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1367 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1368 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1369 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1370 137120171125: 1372 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1373 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1374 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1375 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1376 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1377 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1378 137920171110: 1380 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1381 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1382 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1383 138420171106: 1385 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1386 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1387 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1388 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1389 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1390 139120171102: 1392 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1393 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1394 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1395 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1396 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1397 environment. 1398 139920171101: 1400 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1401 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1402 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1403 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1404 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1405 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1406 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1407 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1408 than hardcoding paths. 1409 141020171028: 1411 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1412 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1413 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1414 141520171021: 1416 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1417 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1418 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1419 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1420 142120171010: 1422 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1423 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1424 142520171005: 1426 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1427 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1428 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1429 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1430 143120171003: 1432 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1433 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1434 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1435 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1436 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1437 143820170912: 1439 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1440 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1441 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1442 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1443 /etc/ctl.conf . 1444 144520170912: 1446 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1447 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1448 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1449 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1450 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1451 145220170826: 1453 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1454 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1455 145620170825: 1457 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1458 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1459 to complete. 1460 146120170814: 1462 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1463 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1464 ${TESTSDIR}. 1465 1466 Behavioral changes: 1467 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1468 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1469 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1470 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1471 1472 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1473 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1474 sandbox if successful. 1475 1476 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1477 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1478 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1479 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1480 an unprivileged user. 1481 148220170808: 1483 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1484 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1485 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 1486 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 1487 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 1488 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 1489 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 1490 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 1491 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 1492 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 1493 to which you should answer yes. 1494 149520170728: 1496 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 1497 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 1498 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 1499 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 1500 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 1501 150220170722: 1503 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 1504 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1505 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1506 150720170701: 1508 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 1509 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 1510 151120170625: 1512 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 1513 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 1514 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 1515 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 1516 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 1517 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 1518 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 1519 152020170623: 1521 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 1522 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 1523 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 1524 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 1525 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 1526 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 1527 152820170620: 1529 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 1530 if you require the GPL compiler. 1531 153220170618: 1533 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 1534 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1535 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 1536 153720170617: 1538 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 1539 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 1540 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 1541 followed. 1542 154320170531: 1544 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 1545 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 1546 from ports (and recommends to install it). 1547 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 1548 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 1549 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 1550 155120170524: 1552 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 1553 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 1554 which only require one chipset support. 1555 1556 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 1557 1558 if_ath_load="YES" 1559 1560 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 1561 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 1562 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 1563 1564 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 1565 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 1566 1567 * load ath_hal 1568 * load the chip modules in question 1569 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 1570 * load ath_main 1571 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 1572 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 1573 1574 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 1575 157620170523: 1577 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 1578 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 1579 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 1580 1581 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 1582 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 1583 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 1584 1585 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 1586 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 1587 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 1588 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 1589 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 1590 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 1591 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 1592 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 1593 159420170424: 1595 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 1596 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 1597 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 1598 159920170420: 1600 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 1601 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 1602 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 1603 160420170413: 1605 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 1606 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 1607 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 1608 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 1609 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 1610 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 1611 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 1612 161320170407: 1614 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 1615 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 1616 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 1617 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 1618 161920170405: 1620 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 1621 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 1622 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 1623 162420170331: 1625 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 1626 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 1627 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 1628 162920170329: 1630 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 1631 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 1632 1633 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 1634 via one of the following methods: 1635 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 1636 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 1637 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 1638 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 1639 1640 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 1641 164220170316: 1643 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 1644 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 1645 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 1646 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 1647 with mmc.ko). 1648 164920170315: 1650 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 1651 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 1652 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 1653 be prefixed with colon. 1654 165520170311: 1656 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 1657 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 1658 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 1659 166020170302: 1661 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 1662 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1663 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1664 166520170221: 1666 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 1667 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 1668 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 1669 change. 1670 167120170216: 1672 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 1673 valid. 1674 167520170215: 1676 MCA bus support has been removed. 1677 167820170127: 1679 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 1680 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 1681 168220170112: 1683 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 1684 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 1685 168620170109: 1687 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 1688 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 1689 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 1690 configuration. 1691 169220161217: 1693 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 1694 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1695 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1696 169720161124: 1698 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 1699 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 1700 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1701 170220161119: 1703 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 1704 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 1705 that link against it need to be recompiled. 1706 170720161030: 1708 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 1709 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 1710 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 1711 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 1712 171320161017: 1714 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 1715 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 1716 parts. 1717 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 1718 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 1719 172020161015: 1721 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 1722 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1723 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 1724 removed from base. 1725 172620161008: 1727 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 1728 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 1729 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 1730 173120161003: 1732 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 1733 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 1734 173520160924: 1736 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 1737 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 1738 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 1739 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 1740 174120160918: 1742 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 1743 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 1744 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 1745 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 1746 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 1747 174820160918: 1749 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 1750 175120160908: 1752 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 1753 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 1754 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 1755 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 1756 175720160824: 1758 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 1759 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 1760 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 1761 to 1200005. 1762 176320160818: 1764 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 1765 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 1766 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 1767 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 1768 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 1769 0. 1770 177120160818: 1772 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 1773 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 1774 177520160708: 1776 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 1777 1778After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 1779from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 1780entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 1781UPDATING file. 1782 1783COMMON ITEMS: 1784 1785 General Notes 1786 ------------- 1787 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 1788 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 1789 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 1790 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 1791 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 1792 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 1793 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 1794 report a bug if it happens consistently. 1795 1796 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 1797 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 1798 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 1799 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 1800 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 1801 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 1802 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 1803 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 1804 an exception. 1805 1806 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 1807 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 1808 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 1809 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 1810 step. 1811 1812 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 1813 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 1814 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 1815 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 1816 1817 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 1818 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 1819 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 1820 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 1821 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 1822 should write them with this in mind. 1823 1824 ZFS notes 1825 --------- 1826 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 1827 always follow these three steps: 1828 1829 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 1830 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 1831 1832 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 1833 doing a zpool upgrade): 1834 1835 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 1836 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 1837 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 1838 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 1839 1840 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 1841 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 1842 zpool upgrade. 1843 1844 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 1845 1846 EFI notes 1847 --------- 1848 1849 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 1850 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 1851 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 1852 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 1853 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 1854 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 1855 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 1856 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 1857 1858 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 1859 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 1860 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 1861 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 1862 1863 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 1864 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 1865 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 1866 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 1867 1868 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 1869 1870 To build a kernel 1871 ----------------- 1872 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 1873 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 1874 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 1875 1876 make kernel-toolchain 1877 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1878 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1879 1880 To test a kernel once 1881 --------------------- 1882 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 1883 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 1884 debugging information) run 1885 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 1886 nextboot -k testkernel 1887 1888 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 1889 ----------------------------------------------------------- 1890 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 1891 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 1892 1893 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1894 make buildworld 1895 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1896 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1897 [1] 1898 <reboot in single user> [3] 1899 etcupdate -p [5] 1900 make installworld 1901 etcupdate -B [4] 1902 make delete-old [6] 1903 <reboot> 1904 1905 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 1906 -------------------------------------------------- 1907 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 1908 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 1909 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 1910 # size. 1911 1912 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1913 <boot into -stable> 1914 make buildworld 1915 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1916 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 1917 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 1918 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 1919 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 1920 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 1921 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 1922 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 1923 <reboot into current> 1924 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 1925 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 1926 <reboot> 1927 1928 1929 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 1930 ---------------------------------------------- 1931 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 1932 make buildworld [9] 1933 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 1934 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 1935 [1] 1936 <reboot in single user> [3] 1937 etcupdate -p [5] 1938 make installworld 1939 etcupdate -B [4] 1940 make delete-old [6] 1941 <reboot> 1942 1943 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 1944 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 1945 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 1946 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 1947 the UPDATING entries. 1948 1949 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 1950 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 1951 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 1952 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 1953 much fewer pitfalls. 1954 1955 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable 1956 them at this point so they don't crash your system on 1957 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 1958 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 1959 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 1960 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 1961 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 1962 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 1963 and effective, eg: 1964 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver 1965 1966 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 1967 fsck -p 1968 mount -u / 1969 mount -a 1970 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 1971 cd src # full path to source 1972 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 1973 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 1974 into single user mode to do the installworld. 1975 1976 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 1977 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 1978 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 1979 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 1980 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 1981 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 1982 1983 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 1984 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 1985 step. 1986 1987 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 1988 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 1989 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 1990 1991 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 1992 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 1993 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 1994 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 1995 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 1996 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 1997 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 1998 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 1999 2000 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 2001 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 2002 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 2003 for these as well. 2004 2005 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 2006 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 2007 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 2008 2009 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 2010 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 2011 warn if it is improperly defined. 2012FORMAT: 2013 2014This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 2015breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 2016list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 2017If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 2018to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 2019 2020Copyright information: 2021 2022Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 2023 2024Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 2025modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 2026document are permitted without further permission from the author. 2027 2028THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 2029IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 2030WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 2031DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 2032INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 2033(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 2034SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 2035HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 2036STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 2037IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 2038POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 2039 2040Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 2041this document. 2042